Management of pre-cervical uterine torsion in a buffalo.
IntroductionRotation of uterus on its long axis with twisting of anterior vagina is a cause of bovine dystocia. It is a complication of late first stage or early second stage labour. Excessive foetal weight and movements at time of parturition seem to be predisposing factors for uterine torsion. Higher incidence of uterine torsion in buffalo with maximum frequency during second and third calving contributing to 56-67% of dystocia (Purohit et al, 2011). Occurrence of pre-cervical torsion is rare compared to post-cervical torsion and is always accompanied with incomplete cervical dilation (Prabhakar et al., 1997). In the current communication, a case of successful management of pre-cervical uterine torsion complicated with incomplete cervical dilation in she buffalo is reported.
History and Observation
A five and half year old, pluriparous buffalo was presented with history of straining and sign of colic ten days ago but no progress to parturition, however, gestation length was complete. When presented, animal was depressed and anorectic. Clinical examination of animal showed tightened pelvic ligaments and shrinkage of udder. Temperature and respiratory rate were within normal range. Examination per-vaginam revealed dry vaginal mucosa and stenosis of cranial portion of vagina. Trans-rectal exploration revealed displaced broad ligaments which wase suggestive of right side pre-cervical uterine torsion of more than 180[degrees].
Obstetrical Management
The animal was casted on right lateral recumbent position, detorsion was done as per modified Schaffer's method. Per vaginal and per rectal examination was done after each rolling to access degree of detorsion which is indicated by relaxation of vaginal and cervical stenosis along with disappearance of cervical folds. After three complete rolling, fetal fluid run out of uterus. Pervaginum examination revealed cervix was incompletely dilated and disposition of fetus was anterior longitudinal presentation with no fetal reflexus. In order to dilate the cervix, animal was administered with Intalyte (a) 1000 ml, slow iv, Valethamate bromide 50 mg i/m, Cloprostenol sodium 500[micro]g i/m, Dexamethasone 30 mg i/m and Diethylstilboestrol 30 mg, i/m, in addition Calcium and magnesium borogluconate (inj. Mifex 450 ml, slow i/v) also given. On next day, cervix was found dilated and with proper lubrication of birth canal, the dead fetus was delivered by applying external traction. Following delivery 40 IU oxytocin i/m was administered. The dam was discharged with antibiotic cover, inj Ceftriaxone 4.0g (Intacef (a)) along with Chlorphenaramine maleate (inj. Anistamin (a), 10 ml, i/m), Meloxicam (inj Melonex (a), 30 ml i/m) and Calcium gluconate (inj. Intacal (a), 450 ml, slow i/v). Same treatment was repeated for next two days. Recovery occured uneventfully.
Discussion
Pluriparous animals are at higher risk of uterine torsion as compared to primiparous animals possibly due to reduced uterine and mesometrial tone. Uterine torsion is one of the most important cause of maternal dystocia in graded murrah buffalo with an incidence of 83.33% (Srinivas et al, 2007). Incidence of 180[degrees] to 270[degrees] uterine torsion is more common as compared to more than 270[degrees] uterine torsion (Matharu and Prabhakar, 2001). Rolling of dam in same direction as that of torsion with application of gentle traction is simplest method for detorsion in buffalo (Qazi et al., 2010). Pre-cervical uterine torsion is more determental to cervix due to severe ischemia of cervical tissue compared to post-cervical torsion (Honparkhe et al., 2009). Combination of cervical massage along with use of some agents such as estrogens, valethamate bromide, PG[F.sub.2][alpha] and dexamethasone resulting in successful dilation of cervix has been reported. The death of fetus in present case may be attributed to delay in presentation leading to fetal hypoxia due to separation of fetal membranes. Hence, present case reported successful management of pre-cervical uterine torsion with incomplete dilation of cervix with correction of postural defects by mutation operation to deliver dead fetus per-vaginally.
References
Honparkhe, M., Ghuman, S.P.S., Ajeet Kumar, Sood, N.K., Gupta, K. and Ahuja, C.S. (2009). Cervical massage with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose for achieving complete cervical dilation in successfully detorted uterine torsion affected buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 79: 26-29.
Matharu, S.S. and Prabhakar, S. (2001). Clinical observations and success of treatment of uterine torsion in buffaloes. Indian J. Anim. Reprod. 22: 45-48.
Prabhakar, S., Dhaliwal, G.S., Sharma, R.D. and Nanda, A.S. (1997). Success of treatment and dam survival in bovine with pre-cervical uterine torsion. Indian J, Anim. Reprod. 18: 121-123.
Purohit, G.N., Barolia, Y., Shekher, C. and Kumar, P. (2011). Maternal dystocia in cows and boffaloes; a review. Open J. Anim. Sci. 1: 41-53.
Srinivas, M.M., Sreenu, N.L., Rani, Naidu, K.S. and Prasad, V.D. (2007). Studies on dystocia in graded murrah buffaloes: A retrospective study. Buffalo Bull. 26: 40-45.
Qazi Mudasir, Shukla, S.P., Nema, S.P., Ali, R and Mahor, S.S. (2010). Mnagement of uterine torsion in She buffalo. Buffalo Bull. 29: 75-77.
Rajesh Kumar (1), B. Singh (2), S. Srivastava (3) and K.D. Singh (4)
Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology (NDUAT) Kumarganj--224229 Faizabad (Uttar Pradesh)
(1.) Assistant Professor and Corresponding author. E-mail:drrajeshkumarnduat@rediffmail.com
(2.) Assistant Professor
(3.) Associate Professor and Head
(4.) Assistant Professor, Department of Instructional Livestock Farm Complex
(a)--Brand of Intas Animal Health, Ahmedabad
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| Title Annotation: | Short Communication |
|---|---|
| Author: | Kumar, Rajesh; Singh, B.; Srivastava, S.; Singh, K.D. |
| Publication: | Intas Polivet |
| Article Type: | Report |
| Geographic Code: | 9INDI |
| Date: | Jul 1, 2014 |
| Words: | 891 |
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