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Vandals topple landmark.


The Eye of the Needle Eye of the Needle is a spy thriller novel written by British author Ken Follett. It was originally published in 1978 by the Penguin Group titled Storm Island.  is ... er, was a beloved natural landmark--a stunning stone arch that overlooked the Missouri River Missouri River

River, central U.S. The longest tributary of the Mississippi River, it rises in the Rocky Mountains of southwestern Montana. It flows east to central North Dakota and south across South Dakota, forming sections of the South Dakota–Nebraska boundary, the
 in a protected wilderness area Broadly, a wilderness area is a region where the land is left in a state where human modifications are minimal; that is, as a wilderness. It might also be called a wild or natural area. (Very low or immaterial human impact or "footprint.  of Montana.

But on Memorial Day weekend this year, rangers were shocked to discover that the top of the arch had crashed to the ground. Did the arch collapse of natural causes, or was foul play involved?

At first, it seemed that wind or lightning could have toppled the fragile arch. The area has a long history of geologic upheaval. Some 100,000 years ago, the rocky landscape was a sandy beach at the edge of an enormous inland sea. Over time, layers of sand pressed on layers of sand to create sandstone, a kind of sedimentary rock.

About 10,000 years ago, long after the sea had receded, a glacier scanted the region and carved odd formations, like pillars and buttes Coordinates:

Buttes is a municipality in the district of Val-de-Travers in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.
. Then erosion (wearing away of rock by wind and rain) created the loop in the Eye of the Needle, says geologist Joanna Thamke.

When rangers examined the fallen arch fall·en arch
n.
A breaking down of the longitudinal or transverse arch of the foot, resulting in flat foot or spread foot.


fallen arch 
, they found footprints nearby, and piles of trash and beer bottles. They noticed that several smaller sandstone pinnacles had also toppled and concluded the destruction was the work of vandals.

An $11,000 reward has been posted for information leading to the arrest of the culprits, who could face 10 years in jail and $250,000 in fines.

Montanans, meanwhile, are debating whether to restore the arch. Some have proposed sculpting sculpting Cosmetic surgery The surgical reshaping of a tissue. See Deep tissue sculpting, Facial sculpting.  a new sandstone arch; others want to cement the top back together. But many Montanans nix both ideas. "They think we shouldn't set an example that natural landmarks are easy to replace," says ranger Rob Birzell.
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Title Annotation:Montana's natural Eye of the Needle landmark destroyed
Publication:Science World
Date:Oct 6, 1997
Words:283
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