Using technology artfully.The purpose of this article is to discuss applications that preservice teachers used with middle-school students in a field experience connected with Instructional Theory Instructional theory is a discipline that focuses on how to structure material for promoting the education of humans, particularly youth. Originating in the United States in the late 1970s, instructional theory into Practice, a sophomore level teacher education course. Website addresses that help develop each application are noted in each section, so readers can select the ones that interest them. Teacher Website If you want to make a teacher website to communicate with families and students, use www.teacher web.com Web.com, Inc (NASDAQ: WWWW), formerly Interland (NASDAQ:INLD), was a provider of websites and web services to small businesses and consumers, based in Atlanta, Georgia. Web. Art preservice teachers found it easy to use this website to create their own website. Writing up the "Teacher Information" section had an indirect benefit--the opportunity to learn about cooperating teachers' background and what they wanted to achieve. These websites, which provided announcements, events, homework, links to art history or museum sites, and responses to frequently asked questions were also positively viewed by middle school students. The purposes of these teacher websites are to connect home and school and foster independent learning; with increased computer access for students, they will get more use. At this time, these sites got used as lessons. One art preservice teacher noted that her cooperating teacher scheduled another day in the computer lab because the students enjoyed the teacher website so much. "Students enjoyed the links page because they got to do new activities. They asked for additional sites." Picture Prompt Lessons Picture Prompts are designed to assess students' ability to describe and interpret the events, characters, or attitudes in a cartoon cartoon [Ital., cartone=paper], either of two types of drawings: in the fine arts, a preliminary sketch for a more complete work; in journalism, a humorous or satirical drawing. , painting, or photograph. Students are shown a picture and asked to respond to an open-ended statement or to a series of questions. Conducting Picture Prompt tasks enabled preservice teachers to see the results of asking questions requiring different levels of thinking. We applied this strategy in art by having students discuss what they saw in paintings or photographs available on the Internet Internet Publicly accessible computer network connecting many smaller networks from around the world. It grew out of a U.S. Defense Department program called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), established in 1969 with connections between computers at the in structured discussions. Preservice teachers in other disciplines learned from the art majors and began to use photographs or paintings to introduce a variety of lessons. For example, the American Memory American Memory is an Internet-based archive for public domain image resources, as well as audio, video, and archived Web content. It is published by the Library of Congress. The archive came into existence on October 13, 1994 after $13,000,000 was raised in donations. site: memory.loc.gov/ ammem/ndlpedu/lessons/99/fear/ intro.html was a favorite of the history majors. Virtual Field Trips The following sites were helpful in guiding art preservice teachers to understand the purposes of virtual field trips and to see examples of them. Virtual Field Trips exit3.i-55.com/~vickib/vft.html Tramline www.field-guides.com/vft/index. htm OnlineEducator www.cris.com/~felixg/OE/ ARCHIVE/MUSEUM.html OOPS (Our Overnight Planning System See spreadsheet and financial planning system. ) oops.bizland.com/vtours.htm Virtual field trips can also be made to the following museums' collections: The American Museum of Photography www.photographymuseum.com The Cleveland Museum of Art Located in the University Circle neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio, the internationally renowned Cleveland Museum of Art has a permanent collectionof more than 40,000 objects in 70 galleries. www.clevelandart.org The Frick Collection The Frick Collection is an art museum located in Manhattan, New York City, United States. It is housed in the former residence of steel magnate Henry Clay Frick, which was designed by Thomas Hastings and constructed in 1913-1914. www.frick.org The Getty www.getty.edu The Guggenheim www.guggenheim.org Los Angeles County Museum of Art The Los Angeles County Museum of Art, also known as LACMA, is the official and world-renowned art museum of the County of Los Angeles, California, located on Wilshire Boulevard along Museum Row in the Miracle Mile vicinity of Los Angeles. www.lacma.org The Louvre Louvre (l  `vrə), foremost French museum of art, located in Paris. The building was a royal fortress and palace built by Philip II in the late 12th cent.
www.louvre.fr/louvrea.htm The Metropolitan Museum of Art www.metmuseum.org The Museum of Modern Art www.moma.org The National Gallery, London www.nationalgallery.org.uk Online Exhibitions of Contemporary Art www.artmuseum.net These virtual trips enabled middle school students to travel to art museums and explore artifacts artifacts see specimen artifacts. from different cultures. Students traveled virtually to Egypt and noted that this trip was a more interesting way to learn about art of the country than just reading about it in a book. In addition, the student response to a virtual field trip of a Rousseau painting, The Sleeping Gypsy, made us realize this tool could be used to have students analyze and respond to representative art pieces. It is easy to create a virtual field trip, inserting pictures on PowerPoint[R] slides with descriptive comments or questions to provoke pro·voke tr.v. pro·voked, pro·vok·ing, pro·vokes 1. To incite to anger or resentment. 2. To stir to action or feeling. 3. To give rise to; evoke: provoke laughter. thoughtful discussions. Web Quests Web quests are problems students solve using the Internet. Students work in small groups toward accomplishing a goal. Art preservice teachers choose topics that fit in curriculum (Create a Brochure for a Museum, Art Auction) or supplement the curriculum in interesting ways (Car Design, The Olympics Olympics Sports medicine An international competition among (traditionally) nonprofessional athletes trained in a particular summer or winter sport, which is held every 4 yrs in a selected city. See Paralympics, Special Olympics, World Medical Games. ). Web quests allow preservice art teachers to enlist en·list v. en·list·ed, en·list·ing, en·lists v.tr. 1. To engage (persons or a person) for service in the armed forces. 2. To engage the support or cooperation of. v. their creativity and stimulate their students. Quests can be developed using PowerPoint[R], or prepared quests are available. Preservice teachers learned that having a novel approach and worthwhile content was not sufficient; monitoring the task was essential. They watched everyone to make sure they were on the correct sites. Despite the challenges of conducting these longer-term projects, the preservice teachers were pleased by the outcomes. They found students grew in attention and in comfort with using the Internet for searching and worked well in groups. They produced competent displays and presentations as final products. Cooperating teachers stepped in to guide completion of projects when the preservice teachers were unable to be with the class due to schedules, providing an opportunity for collaborative planning. Useful Web Quest Sites The two sites below (for grades four to twelve) use mystery as a way to get students thinking about aspects of art, and are useful as initial quests for students to do in pairs: A. Pintura: Art Detective www.eduweb.com/pintura/index. html Inside Art www.eduweb.com/insideart/index. html The following sites provide examples of quests: Techproject Page pirate.shu.edu/~devlinrb/portfolio/ techprojectsdefined.html Sample preservice teacher technology projects are available on this page. The Web Quest Page edweb.sdsu.edu/webquest/ webquest.html Sample web quests for every grade level and subject area are provided, as well as a tutorial An instructional book or program that takes the user through a prescribed sequence of steps in order to learn a product. Contrast with documentation, which, although instructional, tends to group features and functions by category. See tutorials in this publication. on how to develop a web quest. Typically, rubrics for assessing student work are included as part of web quests. Below are three examples on different grade levels. Famous Artist Webquest learning.usd383.org/tlcf/tlcf2001/ products/hemphill/default.htm# Famous%20Artist%20WebQuest Art Exhibit! A webquest for grades six to nine 209.7.110.8/~cnolan/exhibit/ Art Talk Art criticism and working outside the box (a web quest for Verb 1. quest for - go in search of or hunt for; "pursue a hobby" quest after, go after, pursue look for, search, seek - try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of; "The police are searching for clues"; "They are searching for the grades nine to twelve in art appreciation) www.pekinhigh.net/webquest/ cowles/index.htm Conclusion Art preservice teachers' comments revealed the kind of preparation required when using technological applications. "Confusion and chaos will ensue en·sue intr.v. en·sued, en·su·ing, en·sues 1. To follow as a consequence or result. See Synonyms at follow. 2. To take place subsequently. if the task is not laid out properly." One novice spent considerable time choosing sites for middle school students to search. Having the site addresses on cards in the hands of pairs of students for the next group kept the activity moving. To save time at the beginning of the lesson, the teacher may want to bookmark A stored location for quick retrieval at a later date. Web browsers provide bookmarks that contain the addresses (URLs) of favorite sites. Most electronic references, large text databases and help systems provide bookmarks that mark a location users want to revisit in the future. the website on each computer before the lesson. With more complicated applications, clear directions and a step-by-step approach were essential. Technology should offer students an experience they might not have otherwise, as virtual field trips offer. Used this way, we found technology can enrich the artroom. Roberts Devlin-Scherer is a professor of Education Studies at Seton Hall University Seton Hall University is a private Roman Catholic university located 14 miles from Manhattan in historic South Orange, New Jersey. Founded in 1856 by Archbishop James Roosevelt Bayley, Seton Hall is the oldest diocesan university in the United States. in South Orange, New Jersey. |
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