UV stabilizers: product lines reviewed.

ACCURATE COLOR INC.

Offers a full line of uv stabilizers in powders, concentrates, and liquids. Products can be compounded with other additives as required. Also offered at no charge to customers is accelerated weather testing.

ACETO CORP.

Offers salicylate and benzophenone-based stabilizers.

ADELL PLASTICS, INC.

Company can produce custom concentrates of stabilizers in all resins. Other concentrates, especially in engineering thermoplastics, are available, including multifunctional concentrates containing more than one type of additive.

AKZO ENGINEERING PLASTICS

Offers a line of uv stabilizers in concentrate form for a variety of thermoplastics. Special uv stabilizer formulations are provided for PE, PP and polybutylene films. Combination additive packages are custom formulated for engineering resins that impart uv protection for base resin in addition to light-stable and/or weatherable color formulations.

ALLIED COLOR INDUSTRIES, INC.

UV inhibitors, including hindered amines and benzophenones, are available in pelletized thermoplastic concentrates. Standard and custom formulations are available.

ALLIED PRODUCTS CORP. See Coz Div.

AMCO PLASTICS MATERIALS INC.

Offers uv stabilizers in dry concentrate form for PP, PE, PS, ABS and PC.

AMERICAN CYANAMID CO.

Offers a complete line of uv light stabilizers called Cyasorb, which includes: benzophenone absorbers (Cyasorb UV-531, UV-24, and UV-9); benzotriazole absorber (Cyasorb UV-5411); nickel energy quencher (Cyasorb UV-1084); a free-radical-trapping product (Cyasorb UV-2908); and a nonextractable polymeric absorber (Cyasorb UV-2126).

Company has also developed a hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS), Cyasorb UV 3346. Sanctioned by FDA for use in polyolefin food packaging at levels not to exceed 0.3%, Cyasorb UV-3346 provides a high level of light stability at low concentration for potential cost savings. It is also said to provide significant thermal protection at high ambient temperatures.

AMERICHEM INC.

Concentrates are produced containing uv stabilizers, antioxidants and any other specialty stabilizing additive that may be required. These concentrates can be made for almost any thermoplastic in sizes ranging from cubes and pellets down to powders. Concentrates may be single-function types or may contain more than one active ingredient, including color.

AMETEK WESTCHESTER PLASTICS DIV.

Supplies special concentrates of uv stabilizers, antioxidants and antistatic agents in specific resins. Headquarters are in Pennsylvania, with technical sales offices in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Texas.

AMPACET CORP.

UV-absorber concentrate 10057 is offered for polyolefin film and injection molding. It is recommended for clear and heavier-gauge products. UV concentrate 10071, containing a nickel stabilizer, is intended for pigmented, thin-gauge films. Product 10154 is a multifunctional concentrate containing a uv quencher, uv absorber and antioxidant in a LDPE copolymer resin carrier specifically designed for agricultural and greenhouse film applications.

Products 10407 and 10478 contain hindered amine light stabilizers and offer equivalent protection at lower concentrations than traditional absorbers such as benzophenones and nickel-based products. Product 40559 contains 20% of a hindered amine light stabilizer in PP. Product 10561 contains 20% of a HALS in PE.

ARGUS DIV. See Witco Corp.

BUCKMAN LABORATORIES, INC.

Company's modified barium metaborate monohydrate, Busan 11-M1, functions as a uv stabilizer. It is believed to perform this function through the mechanism of radical stabilization. Optimum levels are usually in the 8-12 phr range, based on the resin content of the formulation.

CABOT CORP.

Company offers several carbon black grades in the 16-25 millimicron size range for use in plastics as uv absorbers. Typical of these are Vulcan 9A32, Regal 660 and the Monarch/Black Pearls grades 700, 800 and 880.

CAROLINA COLOR CORP.

Supplies custom formulations in concentrate form for most thermoplastics. The company will compound with other additives to customer specifications.

CHROMA CORP.

Offers a line of uv stabilizers from hindered amine to benzophenone systems. These products are available in dry powder (unitized or bulk-packed) and pelletized concentrate form. Company has developed uv stabilizer systems for use in commodity to engineering thermoplastic resins.

CIBA-GEIGY CORP. ADDITIVES DIVISION

Product line includes uv stabilizers for all polymer applications. In the hindered amine family, Tinuvin 770 reportedly imparts weatherability to polyolefins, polyurethanes and styrenics beyond levels obtainable with conventional uv stabilizers. Tinuvin 765 is a liquid hindered amine specifically designed for coatings, while Tinuvin 622 LD, approved by FDA for food-contact applications, is particularly recommended for polyolefins. For synthetic fibers and PE film, Chimassorb 944 FL, also FDA approved, is recommended. Chimassorb 119 is also a popular HALS for polyolefins.

Tinuvin P, one of several Ciba-Geigy substituted hydroxyphenyl benzotriazoles, is effective in polyesters, PVC, impact PS, PC and acrylics. Tinuvin 326, 327, 328 and 571 are other substituted benzotriazoles that provide long-term protection against uv light for polyolefins, coatings, urethanes, adhesives and other substrates.

COLORCO INC.

Additive concentrates may contain light or heat stabilizers, colors, slip and blowing agents. Products are available for most thermoplastics.

COLUMBIAN CHEMICALS CO.

Supplies carbon black. (See also Colorants.)

COZ DIV. ALLIED PRODUCTS CORP.

Concentrates containing uv stabilizers can be supplied in PS, polyolefins and most other thermoplastics.

DU PONT CO.

Rylex NBC stabilizer (nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate) is an economical uv stabilizer for polyolefins. As little as 0.25 phr increases the outdoor life of polyolefins substantially.

EASTMAN CHEMICAL PRODUCTS

Offers its Eastman Inhibitor HHBP in a reactive-type benzophenone uv absorber especially useful for PVC, as well as styrenic plastics. Also offered is Eastman Inhibitor RMB, especially for cellulosics.

CHARLES B. EDWARDS & CO. INC.

Offers uv stabilizer packages available with or without colorants added. The custom formulations are available for specific polymers and FDA applications in powders or concentrates. The concentrates are sold as pellets or liquids, which are called Color Flo; other additives may also be included.

FAIRMOUNT CHEMICAL CO. INC.

Offers its Mixxim BB/100, which is a high-molecular-weight benzotriazole for nylons, polycarbonate, PET and PBT. It shows no weight loss or volatility at 575 F and less than 5% weight loss at 700 F. It is reportedly the least volatile of all the hydroxyphenyl benzotriazoles on the market.

FERRO CORP. BEDFORD CHEMICAL DIV.

Offers its line of UV-Chek light stabilizers. These include the nickel organic light stabilizers AM105 and AM205 that function by a quenching mechanism to dissipate the energy from the excited state of the carbonyl groups formed during photo-oxidation. Another nickel organic light stabilizer, AM104, is a strong uv absorber and hydroperoxide decomposer. The more traditional uv absorbers include AM300, AM320, and Permyl B-100. UV-Chek AM340 is a hydroxybenzoate ester that is an effective uv stabilizer of the free-radical terminator type. It is particularly effective in combination with uv absorbers and hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS). UV-Chek AM806 is a new patented oligomeric HALS that is very effective in polyolefin applications, including films, fibers, and molded products.

UV-Chek AM595 is an effective acid scavenger for halogen-containing polymers and reportedly offers excellent heat and light stabilization for these polymers.

FERRO CORP., PLASTICS COLORANTS & DISPERSIONS DIV.

Company has developed a synergistic benzophenone-type of liquid stabilizer concentrate that, while not a uv inhibitor, has reportedly demonstrated comparable performance to flake-type counterparts. The additive is designed to be metered directly onto the screw of the processing machine and to be one component of a multifunctional additive system. The liquid additive system could include color and internal mold release.

GE SPECIALTY CHEMICALS

Company's Ultranox 626 and Weston 619, both solid phosphites, are used as secondary antioxidants and stabilizers to provide processing and color stability, but they also act as synergists when combined with uv absorbers, nickel quenchers, benzoate esters and HALS.

GIVAUDAN CORP.

Givsorb products are based on a phenylformamidine stabilizer similar to a HALS. Givsorb UV-2 is a fine, white powder with high thermal stability (572 F) and a relatively low melting point (120-149 F). It can be used in PE, PP filament and molded parts, PS, polycarbonate, urethanes, acetal, nylon 6, flexible PVC, and silicones. Givsorb UV-1 is a nonaqueous liquid form of UV-2.

HARWICK CHEMICAL CORP.

Produces plasticizer-based and PVC-based concentrate dispersions of uv stabilizers.

HIMONT U.S.A., INC.

New Xantrix ADS (additive delivery system) incorporates up to 30% by weight of liquid or low-melting additives within a spherical PP granule. This is done by an in-reactor process that does not involve extrusion compounding. The result is that the PP carrier resin (20 MFR) has lower crystallinity and therefore melts faster for easier dispersion, according to the company. Custom-formulated Xantrix ADS concentrates in quantities as low as 70 lb may contain uv stabilizers, antioxidants, and other additives.

HOECHST CELANESE CORP. SPECIALTY CHEMICALS GROUP

Offers a monomeric hindered amine-type uv stabilizer (Hostavin N20), an oligomeric type (Hostavin N30), and a benzophenone stabilizer (Hostavin AR08).

LESCON INC.

Offers S-051 liquid uv-stabilizer concentrate from Pigment Dispersions, Inc. for use in cast polyurethanes. It is stabilized from both degrading effects of uv radiation and oxidation. Product is sold as a compatible liquid.

M.A. POLYMERS DIV. M.A. INDUSTRIES INC.

Company's UV-249 is a multicomponent stabilizer system containing the synergistic combination of a HALS, a hindered phenolic antioxidant and a secondary phosphite. This ready-to-use pelletized concentrate is generally used in PP fibers, film and other outdoor molded products where extreme resistance to uv radiation is needed. UV-249 is typically used at a let-down ratio of 20:1. Tailored formulations are available for a variety of specific applications, or custom formulations can be developed.

MATESON CHEMICAL CORP. EASTON DIV.

Offers coumarin-based absorbers.

MONMOUTH PLASTICS INC.

Specialty concentrates available include uv stabilizer in PE or PP base. Other uv, antioxidant, and copper deactivator concentrates are available on a custom basis. Customer may specify required level of activity, base resin, and preferred choice of additive.

NSO CO.

Produces a line of substituted benzophenone uv light absorbers under the Syntase name. These additives, designed for polyolefin stabilization, are generally incorporated at the 0.1-0.5% level. They also find application in protecting plastic and coating systems based on vinyls and urethanes.

PMS CONSOLIDATED

Specialty additive concentrates, in either solid or liquid form, and with or without colorants, are available containing uv stabilizers and other additives.

Company has production and laboratory facilities at 12 locations in the U.S. and Puerto Rico.

PIGMENT DISPERSIONS INC. See Lescon Inc.

POLYCOM HUNTSMAN INC.

Offers a line of specialty compounds, including concentrates containing uv inhibitors and other additives as specified for a variety of thermoplastics. Special uv-stabilizer formulations are provided in a combination of additive packages for commodity resins.

POLYSAR INC. PERFORMANCE PLASTICS

Offers LSC-50, a light-stable polystyrene concentrate designed to blend with high-heat PS in a ratio of 1:50. According to the company, the finished product will meet generally accepted lighting industry performance of not more than 15 points yellowness factor at 1000 hr on an Atlas Fadeometer. Resulting lighting panels are reportedly equivalent to those made with commercially available light-stable PS. The base material for LSC-50 is a high-molecular-weight crystal PS. It will blend best with a similar material.

POLYVEL INC.

Company is a specialty producer of high-loading uv stabilizer concentrates developed for easy dilution in polyolefin application. Custom-formulated uv-stabilizer systems containing primary and secondary stabilizers and antioxidants with up to a 50% active ingredient are also produced. All concentrates are available in pellet and powder form.

PROGRESSIVE POLYMERS, INC.

Concentrates containing uv stabilizers, antioxidants, and other additives are produced in most thermoplastics to customer specifications.

QUANTUM CHEMICAL CORP. See USI Div.

REED PLASTICS DIV. SANDOZ CHEMICALS CORP.

Offers custom-formulated uv inhibitor concentrates for thermoplastics molding and extrusion. Also available are multifunctional concentrates containing both uv inhibitors and colorants. All are sold in pellet form.

SANDOZ CHEMICALS CORP.

Sanduvor VSU oxalanilide type is a white free-flowing powder stable to 572 F. The oxalanilides reportedly do not interfere with fluorescent pigments nor discolor by reaction with metals. Sanduvor VSU is recommended for PVC, styrenics, and acrylics.

SANTECH, INC.

Company's Sunshade uv stabilizer concentrates contain zinc oxide. They are used in LLDPE agricultural film and PP/EPDM thermoplastic elastomers and have been evaluated in HDPE irrigation pipe. New formulations, some based on zinc oxide, are being tested by PVC sheet producers. Accelerated tests reportedly indicate that zinc-oxide-based systems can increase heat and light stability of rigid and flexible PVC tenfold. Special formulations improve PVC heat and light stability by overcoming the destabilizing effects of zinc.

A. SCHULMAN INC.

Polybatch additive concentrates are designed to provide improvement of specific properties. The range includes different carriers, and all possible modifications are offered: slip and antiblock, antistatic and uv resistant, antifogging, foaming, antioxidant, etc.

SHEPHERD CHEMICAL CO.

Manufactures barium, calcium, cadmium and zinc compounds for incorporation into stabilizer systems.

STANDRIDGE COLOR CORP.

Offers custom-formulated uv stabilizer concentrates for nylon, PP and polyester fibers, and for film. Additives are available as single dispersions or in combination with other additives or colorants.

TEKNOR COLOR CO. SUB. OF TEKNOR APEX CO.

Offers uv absorber concentrates for PE in letdown ratios up to 200:1.

USI DIV. QUANTUM CHEMICAL CORP.

Spectratech specialty polymers include concentrates containing uv inhibitors and other additives as specified.

WASHINGTON PENN PLASTIC CO.

Supplies uv concentrates for use in PE, PP, and PS.

WITCO CORP. ARGUS DIV.

Company's Mark uv absorbers include substituted benzophenones for use in rigid and flexible PVC, polyolefins and other resins. Products include Mark 1413 powder and Mark 1535 liquid.

ZINC CORPORATION OF AMERICA

Horse Head French-process zinc oxides, such as Kadox-911 and its surface-treated counterpart, Kadox-911C, are said to enhance uv stability in HDPE, LDPE, PP, and flexible PVC. Studies reportedly have shown that polyolefins containing zinc oxide and organic synergists (certain antioxidants) exhibit significantly better uv resistance than those with conventional organic uv stabilizers. Company sources say that, although adequate use life can be obtained with organic stabilizers at 0.3-0.6 phr, at least three times greater protection can be attained with Kadox-911 or Kadox-911C zinc oxide systems.