UV stabilizers: product lines reviewed.

UV STABILIZERS

ACCURATE COLOR INC.

Offers a full line of uv stabilizers in powders, concentrates, and liquids. Products can be compounded with other additives as required. Also offered at no charge to customers is accelerated weather testing.

ACETO CORP.

Offers salicylate and benzophenone-based stabilizers.

ADELL PLASTICS INC.

Custom concentrates of stabilizers can be produced in all resins by this compounder. Other concentrates, especially in engineering thermoplastics, are also available, including multifunctional concentrates containing more than one type of additive.

AKZO ENGINEERING PLASTICS

Offers a line of uv stabilizers in concentrate form for a variety of thermoplastics. Special uv stabilizer formulations are provided for PE, PP and polybutylene films. Combination additive packages are custom formulated for engineering resins that impart uv protection for base resin in addition to light-stable and/or weatherable color formulations.

ALLIED COLOR INDUSTRIES INC.

UV inhibitors, including hindered amines and benzophenones, are available in pelletized thermoplastic concentrates. Standard and custom formulations are available.

AMCO PLASTICS MATERIALS INC.

Offers uv stabilizers in dry concentrate form for polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, ABS and polycarbonate.

AMERICAN CYANAMID CO. POLYMER PRODUCTS DIV.

Offers a complete line of uv light stabilizers under the trade name Cyasorb:

* Benzophenone absorbs (Cyasorb UV-531, UV-24, and UV-9).

* Benzotriazole absorber (Cyasorb UV-5411).

* Nickel energy quencher (Cyasorb UV-1084).

* A free-radical trapping product (Cyasorb UV-2908).

* Nonextractable polymeric absorber (Cyasorb UV-2126) and others.

Company has also developed a new hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS), Cyasorb UV 3346. Sanctioned by FDA for use in polyolefin food packaging at levels not to exceed 0.3%. Cyasorb UV-3346 provides a high level of light stability at low concentration for potential cost savings. It is also said to provide significant thermal protection at high ambient temperatures.

AMERICHEM INC.

Concentrates are produced containing uv stabilizers, antioxidants and any other specialty stabilizing additive that may be required. These concentrates can be made for almost any thermoplastic in sizes ranging from cubes and pellets down to powders.

Concentrates may be single-function types or may contain more than one active ingredient, including color.

AMETEK WESTCHESTER PLASTICS DIV.

Supplies special concentrates of uv stabilizers, antioxidants and antistatic agents in specific resins. Headquarters are in Pennsylvania, with technical sales offices in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Texas.

AMPACET CORP.

UV-absorber concentrate 10057 is offered for polyolefin film and injection molding. It is recommended for clear and heavier-gauge products. UV concentrate 10071, containing a nickel stabilizer, is intended for pigmented, thin-gauge films. Product 10154 is a multifunctional concentrate containing a uv quencher, uv absorber and antioxidant in a LDPE copolymer resin carrier specifically designed for agricultural and greenhouse film applications.

Products 10407 and 10478 contain hindered amine light stabilizers and ofter equivalent protection at lower concentrations than traditional absorbers such as benzophenones and nickel-based products.

Product 40559 contains 20% of a hindered amine light stabilizer in polypropylene. Product 10561 contains 20% of a hindered amine light stabilizer in polyethylene.

ARGUS DIV.

See Witco Corp.

BUCKMAN LABORATORIES INC.

Company's modified barium metaborate monohydrate. Busan 11-M1, functions as a uv stabilizer. It is believed to perform this function through the mechanism of radical stabilization. Optimum levels are usually in the 4-6 phr range, based on the resin content of the formulation.

CABOT CORP.

Carbon black, an organic pigment of fine particle size and high surface area, readily absorbs ultraviolet radiation and converts it into heat. For this reason, carbon black is widely used in thermoplastics and other resins to prevent uv degradation. The degree of protection is a function of the carbon black and its concentration. LDPE containing as little as 2.5% of a 20-25 millimicron particle-size carbon black is said to withstand as long as 20 years of outdoor weathering without exhibiting excessive degradation.

Company offers several carbon black grades in the 16-25 millimicron size range for use in plastics as uv absorbers. Typical of these are Vulcan 9A32 and the Monarch/Black Pearls grades 700, 800 and 880.

CAROLINA COLOR CORP.

Supplies custom formulations in concentrate for most thermoplastics. The company will compound with other additives to customer specifications.

CHROMA CORP.

Offers a line of uv stabilizers from hindered amine to benzophenone systems. These products are available in dry powder (unitized or bulk-packed) and pelletized concentrate form. Company has developed uv stabilizer systems for use in commodity to engineering thermoplastic resins.

CIBA-GEIGY CORP. ADDITIVES DIVISION

Product line includes uv stabilizers for all polymer applications. In the hindered amine family, Tinuvin 770 reportedly imparts weatherability to polyolefins, polyurethanes and styrenics beyond levels obtainable with conventional uv stabilizers. Tinuvin 765 is a liquid-hindered amine specifically designed for coatings, while Tinuvin 622 LD, approved by the FDA for food contact applications, is particularly recommended for polyolefins. For synthetic fibers and polyethylene film. Chimassorb 944 FL, also FDA approved, is recommended.

Tinuvin P, one of several Ciba-Geigy substituted hydroxyphenyl benzotriazoles, is effective in polyesters. PVC, impact PS, polycarbonate and acrylics. Tinuvin 326, 327 and 328 are other substituted benzotriazoles that provide long term protection against uv light for polyolefins, coatings, urethanes, adhesives and other substrates. (See ad p. 525.)

COLORCO INC.

Additive concentrates may contain light or heat stabilizers, colors, slip and blowing agents. Products are available for most thermoplastics.

COLUMBIAN CHEMICALS CO.

Supplies carbon black. See listing under Colorants.

COOKSON PERFORMANCE PLASTICS

UV-stabilizer concentrates, both standard and custom, are offered for PS, PP and PE.

COZ CHEMICAL DIV. ALLIED PRODUCTS CORP.

Concentrates containing uv stabilizers can be supplied in PS, polyolefins and most other thermoplastics.

DOW CHEMICAL CO.

Offers Salol phenyl salicylate stabilizer, a colorless solid that can be added to monomers before polymerization, dissolved in a plasticizer or solvent, or used as a liquid additive above its melting point of 107 F. It is offered for use in acrylics, cellulosics, PE, PP and unsaturated polyesters. The product is said to be particularly effective in the 300-325 nm uv region, which is the most detrimental to plastics.

DU PONT CO.

Rylex NBC stabilizer (nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate) is an economical uv stabilizer for polyolefins. As little as 0.25 phr increases the outdoor life of polyolefins substantially.

EASTMAN CHEMICAL PRODUCTS

Offers its Eastman Inhibitor HHBP in a reactive-type benzophenone uv absorber especially useful for PVC, as well as styrenic plastics. Also offered is Eastman Inhibitor RMB, especially for cellulosics. (See ad p. 446.)

CHARLES B. EDWARDS & CO. INC.

Offers uv stabilizer packages available with or without colorants added. The custom formulations are available for specific polymers and FDA applications in powders or concentrates. The concentrates are sold as pellets or Color Flo liquids; other additives may also be included.

FAIRMOUNT CHEMICAL CO. INC.

Offers its Mixxim BB/100, which is a high molecular weight benzotriazole for nylons, polycarbonate, PET and PBT. It shows no weight loss or volatility at 575 F and less than 5% weight loss at 700 F. It is reportedly the least volatile of all the hydroxyphenylbenzotriazoles on the market.

FERRO CORP. BEDFORD CHEMICAL DIV.

Offers its line of UV-Chek light stabilizers. These include the nickel organic light stabilizers AM105 and AM205 that function by a quenching mechanism to dissipate the energy from the excited state of the carbonyl groups formed during photo-oxidation. Another nickel organic light stabilizer, AM104, is a strong uv absorber and hydroperoxide decomposer. The more traditional uv absorbers include AM300, AM320, and Permyl (trademarked) B-100. UV-Chek AM340 is a hydroxybenzoate ester that is an effective uv stabilizer of the free-radical terminator type. It is particularly effective in combination with uv absorbers and hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS). UV-Chek AM806 is a new patented oligomeric HALS that is very effective in polyolefin applications, including films, fibers, and molded products.

Uvasil (trademarked) 299 is a new liquid HALS developed by EniChem Synthesis SpA and marketed in North America by Ferro. It has low volatility and good processing stability and is an effective uv stabilizer for polyolefins. UV-Chek AM595 is an effective acid scavenger for halogen-containing polymers. It also offers excellent heat and light stabilization for these polymers. (See ad p. 527.)

FERRO CORP. LEGLO COLOR DIV.

Formerly a division of Harwick Chemical Corp., company offers a full line of uv-stabilizer concentrates and dry colors to meet customer specifications. (See ad this page.)

FERRO CORP. ROSEMAR OPERATION

Company has developed a synergistic benzophenone-type of liquid stabilizer concentrate that, while not a uv inhibitor, has reportedly demonstrated comparable performance to flake-type counterparts. The additive is designed to be metered directly onto the screw of the processing machine and to be one component of a multifunctional additive system. The liquid additive system could include color and internal mold release. (See ad this page.)

GE SPECIALTY CHEMICALS

Company's Ultranox 626 and Weston 619, both solid phosphites, are used as secondary antioxidants and stabilizers to provide processing and color stability, but they also act as synergists when combined with uv absorbers, nickel quenchers, benzoate esters and HALS.

GIVAUDAN CORP.

Givsorb products are based on a phenylformamidine stabilizer similar to a HALS, Givsorb UV-2 is a fine, white powder with high thermal stability (572 F) and a relatively low melting point (120-149 F). It can be used in PE, PP filament and molded parts, PS, polycarbonate, urethanes, acetal, nylon 6, flexible PVC, and silicones. Givsorb UV-1 is a nonaqueous liquid form of UV-2.

HARWICK CHEMICAL CORP.

Produces plasticizer-based and PVC-based concentrate dispersions of uv stabilizers.

HOECHST CELANESE CORP. SPECIALTY CHEMICALS GROUP

Offers a monomeric hindered amine-type uv stabilizer (Hostavin N20), a benzophenone (Hostavin AR08), and a nickel stabilizer (Hostavin VP NiCS1).

LEGLO COLOR DIV.

See Ferro Corp.

LESCON INC.

Offers its S-051 liquid uv-stabilizer concentrate from Pigment Dispersions, Inc. for use in cast polyurethanes. It is stabilized from both degrading effects of uv radiation and oxidation. Product is sold as a compatible liquid.

M.A. POLYMERS DIV. OF M.A. INDUSTRIES INC.

Company's UV-249 is a multicomponent stabilizer system containing the synergistic combination of a HALS, a hindered phenolic antioxidant and a secondary phosphite. This ready-to-use pelletized concentrate is generally used in polypropylene fibers, film and other outdoor molded products where extreme resistance to uv radiation is needed. UV-249 is typically used at a let-down ratio of 20:1. Tailored formulations are available for a variety of specific applications, or custom formulations can be developed.

MATESON CHEMICAL CORP. EASTON DIV.

Offers coumarin-based absorbers.

MONMOUTH PLASTICS INC.

Specialty concentrates available include uv stabilizer in PE or PP base. Other uv, antioxidant, and copper deactivator concentrates are available on a custom basis. Customer may specify required level of activity, base resin, and preferred choice of additive.

NEVILLE-SYNTHESE ORGANICS INC.

Produces a line of substituted benzophenone uv light absorbers under the Syntase name. These additives, designed for polyolefin stabilization, are generally incorporated at the 0.1-0.5% level. They also find application in protecting plastic and coating systems based on vinyls and urethanes.

PMS CONSOLIDATED

Specialty additive concentrates, in either solid or liquid form, and with or without colorants, are available containing uv stabilizers and other additives.

Company has production and laboratory facilities at 10 locations in the U.S. and Puerto Rico.

PLASTICS COLOR-CHIP INC.

See listing under Colorants.

POLYCOM HUNTSMAN INC.

Offers a line of specialty compounds, including concentrates containing uv inhibitors and other additives as specified for a variety of thermoplastics. Special uv-stabilizer formulations are provided in a combination of additive packages for commodity resins.

POLYSAR INC. PERFORMANCE PLASTICS

Offers LSC-50, a light-stable polystyrene concentrate designed to blend with high-heat PS in a ratio of 1:50. According to the company, the finished product will meet generally accepted lighting industry performance of not more than 15 points yellowness factor at 1000 hr on an Atlas Fadcometer. Resulting lighting panels are reportedly equivalent to those made with commercially available light-stable PS.

The base material for LSC-50 is a high-molecular-weight crystal PS. It will blend best with a similar material.

POLYVEL

Company is a specialty producer of highly concentrated uv stabilizers developed for easy dilution in polyolefin application. Custom-formulated uv stabilizer systems containing primary and secondary stabilizers and antioxidants with up to a 50% active ingredient are also produced. All concentrates are available in pellet and powder form.

PROGRESSIVE POLYMERS, INC.

Concentrates containing uv stabilizers, antioxidants, and other additives are produced in most thermoplastics to customer specifications.

QUANTUM CHEMICAL CORP.

See USI Div.

REED PLASTICS DIV. SANDOZ CHEMICALS CORP.

Offers custom-formulated uv inhibitor concentrates for thermoplastics molding and extrusion. Also available are multi-functional concentrates containing both uv inhibitors and colorants. All are sold in pellet form.

RIVERDALE COLOR CO.

See listing under Colorants.

ROSEMAR OPERATIONS

See Ferro Corp.

SANDOZ CHEMICALS CORP.

Sanduvor VSU of the oxalanilide chemistry is a white free-flowing powder stable to 572F. The oxalanilides reportedly do not interfere with fluorescent pigments nor discolor by reaction with metals. Sanduvor VSU is recommended for PVC, styrenics, and acrylics.

SANTECH, INC.

Company's Sunshade uv stabilizer concentrates contain zinc oxide. They are used in LLDPE agricultural film and PP/EPDM thermoplastic elastomers and have been evaluated in HDPE irrigation pipe. New formulations, some based on zinc oxide, are being tested by PVC sheet producers. Accelerated tests reportedly indicate that zinc-oxide-based systems can increase heat and light stability of rigid and flexible PVC tenfold. Special formulations improve PVC heat and light stability by overcoming the destabilizing effects of zinc.

A. SCHULMAN INC.

The Polybatch additive concentrates are designed to provide improvement of specific properties. The range includes different carriers, and all possible modifications are offered: slip and antiblock, antistatic and uv resistance, antifogging, foaming, antioxidant, etc.

SHEPHERD CHEMICAL CO.

Manufactures barium, calcium, cadmium and zinc compounds for incorporation into stabilizer systems.

STANDRIDGE COLOR CORP.

See listing under Colorants.

TEKNOR COLOR CO. DIV. TEKNOR APEX COMPANY

Offers uv absorber concentrates for polyethylene in letdown ratios up to 200:1.

TENNESSEE VALLEY CHEMICAL CORP.

Two nickel-based uv stabilizers for polyolefins are Conservator 125N nickel dibutylthiodicarbamate (NBC), used in PP cotton bale wrap, and Conservator 77N, containing 7 1/2% nickel for PP and synthetic grass.

USI DIV. QUANTUM CHEMICAL CORP.

Spectrathene specialty compounds include concentrates containing uv inhibitors and other additives as specified.

UNITED-GUARDIAN INC.

Voidox 100% is said to serve as a uv stabilizer, antioxidant, plasticizer and lubricant in PE and PP. It is a fatty stearate/BHT/glycerine complex and is usually used in plastics at 0.1-0.25% levels. It reportedly has been cleared by the FDA for use in food packaging.

WASHINGTON PENN PLASTIC CO.

Supplies uv concentrates for use in PE, PP, and PS.

WITCO CORP. ARGUS DIV.

Company's Mark uv absorbers include substituted benzophenones for use in rigid and flexible PVC, polyolefins and other resins. Products include Mark 1413 powder and Mark 1535 liquid. (See ads pp. 450-451, 514, this page.)

ZINC CORPORATION OF AMERICA

Horse Head French-process zinc oxides, such as Kadox-911 and its surface-treated counterpart, Kadox-911C, are said to enhance uv stability in HDPE, LDPE, PP, and flexible PVC. Studies reportedly have shown that polyolefins containing zinc oxide and organic synergists (certain antioxidants) exhibit significantly better uv resistance than those with conventional organic uv stabilizers. Company sources say that, although adequate use life can be obtained with organic stabilizers at 0.3-0.6 phr, at least three times greater protection can be attained with Kadox-911 or Kadox-911C zinc oxide systems.