They're alive!Want to live "forever"? Take a lesson from some tiny bacteria. About 30 million years ago, these microbes wrapped themselves in a protein-coated capsule capsule In botany, a dry fruit that opens when ripe. It splits from top to bottom into separate segments known as valves, as in the iris, or forms pores at the top (e.g., poppy), or splits around the circumference, with the top falling off (e.g., pigweed and plantain). , without food or water. Now two microbiologists, Raul Cano and Monica Borucki of California Polytechnic State University This article is about the university in San Luis Obispo, California. For Cal Poly Pomona, see California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. California Polytechnic State University, commonly called Cal Poly , say they've "rescued" these ancient bacteria from the gut of an insect and brought them back to life! The bacteria were never really dead, says Cano. They just transformed themselves into spores, bacterial genes in "suspended animation sus·pend·ed animation n. A temporary interruption of the vital functions resembling death. " encased en·case tr.v. en·cased, en·cas·ing, en·cas·es To enclose in or as if in a case. en·case  ment n. in a protein bubble. The protein capside shields the bacterial genes (the cells' operating instructions) from extreme conditions like frost, heat, and drought. The ancient bacteria also had some good luck. Eons ago, they made their home inside a bee's stomach. One day, the bee got caught in sticky resin from a tree. Over time, the resin hardened into a plasticlike substance called amber. Sealed off from light, heat, and moisture, the dead bug--and the bacterial spores bacterial spore, n a bacteria that, because of its thick outer wall, is easily able to survive in hostile environments otherwise not conducive to bacterial growth and reproduction. inside it--were preserved for some 30 million years. When scientists recently cracked open the amber, they extracted the spores and put them in a "reviving" bath of sugar and protein. These nutrients soaked into the spores and jump-started the bacteria's life processes. Soon the bacteria started growing again Scientists have revived spores before, but these are by far the oldest. In fact, these bacteria may now be the oldest living things Living Things may refer to:
Some scientists claim that Cano and Borucki's "ancient' bacteria are really modem bacteria that contaminated contaminated, v 1. made radioactive by the addition of small quantities of radioactive material. 2. made contaminated by adding infective or radiographic materials. 3. an infective surface or object. the amber or the experiment. But Cano says he used sterile techniques to make sure no modern bacteria got in. Plus, says Cano, it's no surprise that the ancient bacteria "behave much like their modem counter-parts." Bacteria species may not change much in 30 million years. After all, he says, bacteria have been on Earth for some three billion years. |
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