The world in focus: Junior Scholastic 2004-2005.The facts on these pages offer fascinating glimpses into life in the 193 independent nations of the world. They also inspire many questions. Why does Cyprus Cyprus (sī`prəs), Gr. Kypros, Turk. Kıbrıs, officially Republic of Cyprus, republic (2005 est. pop. 780,000), 3,578 sq mi (9,267 sq km), an island in the E Mediterranean Sea, c.40 mi (60 km) S of Turkey and c. have two gross domestic products (GDPs)? Why does Bosnia-Herze-govina have three President? What do the non-African languages of African nations say about the histories of those places? To answer each question is to begin to understand another country. Before diving diving Sport of plunging into water, usually headfirst and often following the execution of one or more acrobatic maneuvers. It emerged as a competitive sport in the late 19th century and became part of the Olympic Games in 1904. into the data, look at the sample entry for Brazil Brazil (brəzĭl`), Port. Brasil, officially Federative Republic of Brazil, republic (2005 est. pop. 186,113,000), 3,286,470 sq mi (8,511,965 sq km), E South America. (at right.) The surrounding sur·round tr.v. sur·round·ed, sur·round·ing, sur·rounds 1. To extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle. 2. To enclose or confine on all sides so as to bar escape or outside communication. n. boxes explain each item of information. Countries are grouped by continent continent, largest unit of landmasses on the earth. The continents include Eurasia (conventionally regarded as two continents, Europe and Asia), Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica. , then listed in alphabetical order. Also see the index on p. 38. Brazil 3,300,154 179,100,000 Area and Population: Taken together, these figures allow you to calculate population density (population divided by area), an important indicator Indicator Anything used to predict future financial or economic trends. Notes: In the context of technical analysis, an indicator is a mathematical calculation based on a securities price and/or volume. The result is used to predict future prices. 81 Urban Population: The percentage of a country's total population living in urban areas. Urbanization has skyrocketed in developing countries, as people have moved to cities in search of work. 1.3 Population Growth: The high rate of population growth in some poor countries has prompted fears of overcrowding overcrowding overcrowding of animal accommodation. Many countries now publish codes of practice which define what the appropriate volumetric allowances should be for each species of animal when they are housed indoors. Breaches of these codes is overcrowding. , and complicated the struggle to feed people and combat disease. Brasilia Portuguese, Amerindian dialects Major Languages Spoken: There are some 6,000 languages in the world, not counting local dialects. Some 14.4 percent of the world speaks Mandarin Mandarin (măn`dərĭn) [Port. mandar=to govern, or from Malay mantri=counselor of state], a high official of imperial China. For each of the nine grades there was a different colored button worn on the dress cap. Chinese--more than double any other language. Presidential-legislative democracy; President Luiz Inacio Lula LULA Linux Users of Los Angeles LULA Lower Unlatch Auxiliary LULA Low Use, Limited Access (elevator term) da Silva sil·va also syl·va n. pl. sil·vas or sil·vae 1. The trees or forests of a region. 2. A written work on the trees or forests of a region. Form of Government and Head: Governments are classified according to according to prep. 1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians. 2. In keeping with: according to instructions. 3. who holds power. In democracies, people elect their leaders; dictatorships keep power away from the people. 1822 Literacy literacy Ability to read and write. The term may also refer to familiarity with literature and to a basic level of education obtained through the written word. In ancient civilizations such as those of the Sumerians and Babylonians, literacy was the province of an elite Rate: The percentage of people who can read and write (male/female). Date of Origin: The year a nation was formed, gained independence, or established its present form of government. 30 Percent of Population Under Age 15: Developing countries with a high percentage of young people may have trouble providing jobs, schools, and food--and risks overpopulation overpopulation Situation in which the number of individuals of a given species exceeds the number that its environment can sustain. Possible consequences are environmental deterioration, impaired quality of life, and a population crash (sudden reduction in numbers caused by . 86/87 Per Capita [Latin, By the heads or polls.] A term used in the Descent and Distribution of the estate of one who dies without a will. It means to share and share alike according to the number of individuals. GDP GDP (guanosine diphosphate): see guanine. : The value of all goods and services In economics, economic output is divided into physical goods and intangible services. Consumption of goods and services is assumed to produce utility (unless the "good" is a "bad"). It is often used when referring to a Goods and Services Tax. produced within a country in one year (its gross domestic product), divided by its population. It is one way to gauge gauge In manufacturing and engineering, a device used to determine whether a dimension is larger or smaller than a reference standard. A snap gauge, for example, is formed like the letter C, with outer “go” and inner “not go” jaws, and is used to a nation's wealth. 67/75 Life Expectancy Life Expectancy 1. The age until which a person is expected to live. 2. The remaining number of years an individual is expected to live, based on IRS issued life expectancy tables. : The age to which a newborn newborn /new·born/ (noo´born?) 1. recently born. 2. newborn infant. new·born adj. Very recently born. n. A neonate. can expect to live. Improvements in medicine have helped people live longer. The first number is for males, the second for females. $7,600 Per Capita GDP: The value of all goods and services produced within a country in one year (its gross domestic product), divided by its population. It is one way to gauge a nation's wealth. 0.775 HDI HDI Human Development Index (UNDP yardstick of human welfare) HDI Help Desk Institute HDI Humpty Dumpty Institute (New York, New York) HDI High Density Interconnect (Human Development Index): This number measures economic and human well-being on a scale of 0 to 1. It combines life expectancy, literacy, and purchasing power Purchasing Power 1. The value of a currency expressed in terms of the amount of goods or services that one unit of money can buy. Purchasing power is important because, all else being equal, inflation decreases the amount of goods or services you'd be able to purchase. 2. into one number. * OBJECTIVES Students should understand * How to interpret To run a program one line at a time. Each line of source language is translated into machine language and then executed. and compare statistics, such as area, population, form of government, and gross domestic product of the 193 independent countries of the world. * TEACHING STRATEGY Ask: "Which countries are larger in area and population than the U.S.? Which countries are older than the U.S.?" * BACKGROUND Have students read the information boxes at the top of pp. 24-25, and the Terms to Know on p. 36. Discuss such concepts as literacy rate, life expectancy, HDI, and per capita gross domestic product (GDP). * CRITICAL THINKING COMPREHENSION comprehension Act of or capacity for grasping with the intellect. The term is most often used in connection with tests of reading skills and language abilities, though other abilities (e.g., mathematical reasoning) may also be examined. : What does HDI mean, and what does it measure? (HDI is an acronym acronym: see abbreviation. A word typically made up of the first letters of two or more words; for example, BASIC stands for "Beginners All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. for Human Development Index. It is a number that reflects a country's relative quality of life based on life expectancy, literacy rate, and purchasing power.) MAKING COMPARISONS: How does the GDP of the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area. compare with other North American nations Noun 1. North American nation - any country on the North American continent North American country country, land, state - the territory occupied by a nation; "he returned to the land of his birth"; "he visited several European countries" ? (The U.S. is the wealthiest nation in North America North America, third largest continent (1990 est. pop. 365,000,000), c.9,400,000 sq mi (24,346,000 sq km), the northern of the two continents of the Western Hemisphere. . Its GDP, at $37,800, is $8,000 more than the second-wealthiest nation on the continent, Canada Canada (kăn`ədə), independent nation (2001 pop. 30,007,094), 3,851,787 sq mi (9,976,128 sq km), N North America. Canada occupies all of North America N of the United States (and E of Alaska) except for Greenland and the French islands of .) * ACTIVITY STANDARD OF LIVING: Ask students to select one of the following countries: India India, officially Republic of India, republic (2005 est pop. 1,080,264,000), 1,261,810 sq mi (3,268,090 sq km), S Asia. The second most populous country in the world, it is also sometimes called Bharat, its ancient name. India's land frontier (c. , China, South Africa South Africa, Afrikaans Suid-Afrika, officially Republic of South Africa, republic (2005 est. pop. 44,344,000), 471,442 sq mi (1,221,037 sq km), S Africa. , Mexico Mexico, city, Mexico Mexico or Mexico City, Span. Ciudad de México (Méjico), city (1990 pop. 8,236,960; 1991 met. area est. 20,899,000), central Mexico, capital and largest city of Mexico. , the Philippines Philippines officially Republic of the Philippines Island country, western Pacific Ocean, on an archipelago off the southeast coast of Asia. Area: 122,121 sq mi (316,294 sq km). Population (2005 est.): 84,191,000. , or Ghana Ghana, country, Africa Ghana, officially Republic of Ghana, republic (2005 est. pop. 21,030,000), 92,099 sq mi (238,536 sq km), W Africa, on the Gulf of Guinea, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean. The capital and largest city is Accra. . Students should compare that country's per capita GDP, HDI, literacy and life expectancy rates with those of the U.S. Based on these numbers, have students write an essay speculating what life might be like for children living in these countries. The most ambitious students could do actual research on the facts behind the statistics. STANDARDS SOCIAL STUDIES, GRADES 5-8 * Power, authority, and governance Governance makes decisions that define expectations, grant power, or verify performance. It consists either of a separate process or of a specific part of management or leadership processes. Sometimes people set up a government to administer these processes and systems. : How various systems of government seek to establish order and how they influence peoples' lives. * Global connections Global Connections is a charitable organisation acting as a UK network of mission agencies, churches, colleges and support agencies involved in evangelism around the world. Amongst the several hundred organisations and churches that are members of the Global Connections network are many : What the characteristics of a nation, such as per capita GDP and life expectancy rates, reveal about the quality of life for people in those places. RESOURCES * Smith, David Smith, David, 1906–65, American sculptor, b. Decatur, Ind. He arrived in New York City in 1926 and studied painting at the Art Students League. In the 1930s he began experimenting with sculpture and after 1935 he worked primarily in this medium. , If the World Were a Village (Kids Can Press Ltd., 2002). Grades 5-6. * Zeaman, John, Overpopulation (Scholastic, 2002). Grades 5-8. GROLIER Gro´lier` n. 1. The name by which Jean * Graphs This partial list of graphs contains definitions of graphs and graph families which are known by particular names, but do not have a Wikipedia article of their own. For collected definitions of graph theory terms that do not refer to individual graph types, such as WEB SITES * CIA CIA: see Central Intelligence Agency. (1) (Confidentiality Integrity Authentication) The three important concerns with regards to information security. Encryption is used to provide confidentiality (privacy, secrecy). World Factbook www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook * Population Reference Bureau The Population Reference Bureau is a non-governmental organization in the United States, founded in 1929 by Guy Irving Burch, with support of Raymond Pearl. It provides information about demography. www.prb.org See .org. (networking) org - The top-level domain for organisations or individuals that don't fit any other top-level domain (national, com, edu, or gov). Though many have .org domains, it was never intended to be limited to non-profit organisations. RFC 1591.
NORTH AMERICA
COUNTY AREA (SQ MI) URBAN CAPITAL
POPULATION POP. %
POP. RISE
%/YEAR
Antigua and 170 37 St. John's
Barbuda 100,000 1.7
Bahamas 5,359 89 Nassau
300,000 1.3
Barbados 166 50 Bridgetown
300,000 0.6
Belize 8,865 49 Belmopan
300,000 2.3
Canada 3,849,670 79 Ottawa
31,900,000 0.3
Costa Rica 19,730 59 San Jose
4,200,000 1.4
Cuba 42,803 75 Havana
11,300,000 0.5
Dominica 290 71 Roseau
100,000 1.0
Dominican 18,815 64 Santo
Republic 8,800,000 1.9 Domingo
El Salvador 8,124 58 San Salvador
6,700,000 2.0
Grenada 131 39 St. George's
100,000 1.2
Guatemala 42,042 39 Guatemala
12,700,000 2.8 City
Haiti 10,714 36 Port-au-Prince
8,100,000 1.9
Honduras 43,278 47 Tegucigalpa
7,000,000 2.8
Jamaica 4,243 52 Kingston
2,600,000 1.4
Mexico 756,062 75 Mexico City
106,200,000 2.1
Nicaragua 50,193 58 Managua
5,600,000 2.7
Panama 29,158 62 Panama City
3,200,000 1.8
Saint Kitts 139 33 Basseterre
and Nevis 50,000 1.0
Saint Lucia 239 30 Castries
200,000 1.1
Saint Vincent and 151 44 Kingstown
the Grenadines 100,000 1.1
Trinidad and 1,981 74 Port-of-Spain
Tobago 1,300,000 0.6
United States 3,717,796 79 Washington,
293,600,000 0.6 D.C.
Argentina 1,073,514 89 Buenos Aires
37,900,000 1.1
Bolivia 424,162 63 La Paz
8,800,000 1.9 and Sucre
Brazil 3,300,154 81 Brasilia
179,100,000 1.3
Chile 292,135 87 Santiago
16,000,000 1.2
Colombia 439,734 71 Bogota
45,300,000 1.7
Ecuador 109,483 61 Quito
13,400,000 2.1
Guyana 83,000 36 Georgetown
800,000 1.4
Paraguay 157,046 54 Asuncion
6,000,000 2.5
Peru 496,224 72 Lima
27,500,000 1.7
Suriname 63,039 69 Paramaribo
400,000 1.5
Uruguay 68,498 93 Montevideo
3,400,000 0.6
Venezuela 352,143 87 Caracas
26,200,000 1.9
AFRICA
Algeria 919,591 49 Algiers
32,300,000 1.5
Angola 481,351 33 Luanda
13,300,000 2.6
Benin 43,483 40 Porto-Novo
7,300,000 2.7
Botswana 224,606 54 Gaborone
1,700,000 0.1
Burkina Faso 105,792 15 Ouagadougou
13,600,000 2.6
Burundi 10,745 8 Bujumbura
6,200,000 2.2
Cameroon 183,568 48 Yaounde
16,100,000 2.2
Cape Verde 1,556 53 Praia
500,000 2.3
Central African 240,533 39 Bangui
Republic 3,700,000 1.7
Chad 495,753 24 N'Djamena
9,500,000 3.2
Comoros 861 33 Moroni
700,000 3.5
Congo, 905,351 30 Kinshasa
Democratic Rep. 58,300,000 3.1
Congo, Republic 132,046 52 Brazzaville
3,800,000 2.9
Cote d'Ivoire 124,502 46 Yamoussoukro
16,900,000 2.0
Djibouti 8,958 82 Djibouti
700,000 2.3
Egypt 386,660 43 Cairo
73,400,000 2.0
Equatorial 10,830 45 Malabo
Guinea 500,000 2.6
Eritrea 45,405 19 Asmara
4,400,000 2.6
Ethiopia 426,371 15 Addis Ababa
72,400,000 2.4
Gabon 103,347 73 Libreville
1,400,000 2.1
Gambia 4,363 26 Banjul
1,500,000 2.9
Ghana 92,100 44 Accra
21,400,000 2.2
Guinea 94,927 33 Conakry
9,200,000 2.7
Guinea-Bissau 13,946 32 Bissau
1,500,000 3.0
Kenya 224,081 36 Nairobi
32,400,000 2.3
Lesotho 11,718 17 Maseru
1,800,000 1.1
Liberia 43,000 45 Monrovia
3,500,000 2.9
Libya 679,359 86 Tripoli
5,600,000 2.4
Madagascar 226,656 26 Antananarivo
17,500,000 3.0
Malawi 45,745 14 Lilongwe
11,900,000 3.1
Mali 478,838 30 Bamako
13,400,000 3.3
Mauritania 395,954 4.0 Nouakchott
3,000,000 2.7
Mauritius 788 42 Port Louis
1,200,000 1.0
Morocco 172,413 57 Rabat
30,600,000 1.5
Mozambique 309,494 29 Maputo
19,200,000 1.7
Namibia 318,259 33 Windhoek
1,900,000 1.6
Niger 489,189 21 Niamey
12,400,000 3.5
Nigeria 356,668 36 Abuja
137,300,000 2.9
Rwanda 10,170 17 Kigali
8,400,000 1.9
Sao Tome 371 38 Sao Tome
and Principe 200,000 2.8
Senegal 75,954 43 Dakar
10,900,000 2.6
Seychelles 174 50 Victoria
100,000 1.0
Sierra Leone 27,699 37 Freetown
5,200,000 2.1
Somalia 246,201 33 Mogadishu
8,300,000 2.9
South Africa 471,444 53 Cape Town,
46,900,000 1.0 Pretoria, and
Bloemfontein,
Sudan 967,494 31 Khartoum
39,100,000 2.8
Swaziland 6,703 25 Mbabane and
1,200,000 2.0 Lobamba
Tanzania 364,900 22 Dar es
36,100,000 2.3 Salaam
Togo 21,927 33 Lome
5,600,000 2.7
Tunisia 63,170 63 Tunis
10,000,000 1.1
Uganda 93,066 12 Kampala
26,100,000 3.0
Zambia 290,583 35 Lusaka
10,900,000 1.8
Zimbabwe 150,873 32 Harare
12,700,000 1.2
EUROPE
Albania 11,100 42 Tirana
3,200,000 1.2
Andorra 174 92 Andorra
100,000 0.8 la Vella
Austria 32,378 54 Vienna
8,100,000 0
Belarus 80,154 72 Minsk
9,800,000 -0.6
Belgium 11,787 97 Brussels
10,400,000 0.1
Bosnia and 19,741 43 Sarajevo
Herzegovina 3,900,000 0.1
Bulgaria 42,822 70 Sofia
7,800,000 -0.6
Croatia 21,830 56 Zagreb
4,400,000 -0.2
Czech Republic 30,448 77 Prague
10,200,000 -0.2
Denmark 16,637 72 Copenhagen
5,400,000 0.1
Estonia 17,413 69 Tallinn
1,300,000 -0.4
Finland 130,560 62 Helsinki
5,200,000 0.2
France 212,934 74 Paris
60,000,000 0.4
Germany 137,830 88 Berlin
82,600,000 -0.2
Greece 50,950 60 Athens
11,000,000 0.0
Hungary 35,919 65 Budapest
10,100,000 -0.4
Iceland 39,768 94 Reykjavik
300,000 0.8
Ireland 27,135 60 Dublin
4,100,000 0.8
Italy 116,320 90 Rome
57,800,000 -0.1
Latvia 24,942 68 Riga
230,000 -0.5
Liechtenstein 62 21 Vaduz
30,000 0.5
Lithuania 25,174 67 Vilnius
3,400,000 -0.3
Luxembourg 999 91 Luxembourg
500,000 0.3
Macedonia 9,927 59 Skopje
2,000,000 0.5
Malta 124 91 Valletta
400,000 0.2
Moldova 13,012 45 Chisinau
4,200,000 -0.1
Monaco 1 100 Monaco
30,000 0.6
Netherlands 15,768 62 Amsterdam
16,300,000 0.4
Norway 125,050 78 Oslo
4,600,000 0.3
Poland 124,807 62 Warsaw
38,200,000 0
Portugal 35,514 53 Lisbon
10,500,000 0.0
Romania 92,042 53 Bucharest
21,700,000 -0.3
Russia 6,592,819 73 Moscow
144,100,000 -0.6
San Marino 23 84 San Marino
30,000 0.3
Serbia and 39,448 52 Belgrade
Montenegro 10,700,000 0.2
Slovakia 18,923 56 Bratislava
5,400,000 0
Slovenia 7,819 51 Ljubljana
2,000,000 -0.1
Spain 195,363 76 Madrid
42,500,000 0.1
Sweden 173,730 84 Stockholm
9,000,000 0.1
Switzerland 15,942 68 Bern
7,400,000 0.1
Ukraine 233,089 68 Kiev
47,400,000 -0.8
United Kingdom 94,548 89 London
(England, Scotland, 59,700,000 0.1
Wales, N. Ireland)
Vatican City 109 acres NA Vatican City
911 1.1
ASIA
Afghanistan 251,772 22 Kabul
28,500,000 2.7
Armenia 11,506 64 Yerevan
3,200,000 0.2
Azerbaijan 33,436 51 Baku
8,300,000 0.8
Bahrain 266 87 Manama
700,000 1.7
Bangladesh 55,598 23 Dhaka
141,300,000 2.1
Bhutan 18,147 21 Thimphu
1,000,000 2.5
Brunei 2,228 74 Bandar Seri
400,000 1.9 Begawan
Cambodia 69,900 16 Phnom Penh
13,100,000 2.2
China 3,696,100 41 Beijing
1,300,100,000 0.6
Cyprus 3,571 65 Nicosia
900,000 0.5
East Timor 5,741 8 Dili
800,000 1.3
Georgia 26,911 52 Tbilisi
4,500,000 0.0
India 1,269,340 28 New Delhi
1,086,600,000 1.7
Indonesia 735,355 42 Jakarta
218,700,000 1.6
Iran 630,575 67 Tehran
67,400,000 1.2
Iraq 169,236 68 Baghdad
25,900,000 2.7
Israel (4) 8,131 92 Jerusalem
6,800,000 1.6
Japan 145,869 78 Tokyo
127,600,000 0.1
Jordan 34,444 79 Amman
5,600,000 2.4
Kazakhstan 1,049,151 57 Astana
15,000,000 0.6
Korea, North 46,541 60 Pyongyang
22,800,000 0.7
Korea, South 38,324 80 Seoul
48,200,000 0.5
Kuwait 6,880 100 Kuwait
2,500,000 1.7
Kyrgyzstan 76,641 35 Bishkek
5,100,000 1.4
Laos 91,429 19 Vientiane
5,800,000 2.3
Lebanon 4,015 87 Beirut
4,500,000 1.7
Malaysia 127,317 62 Kuala
25,600,000 2.1 Lumpur
Maldives 116 27 Male
300,000 1.4
Mongolia 604,826 57 Ulaanbaatar
2,500,000 1.2
Myanmar (Burma) 261,228 28 Yangon
50,100,000 1.4 (Rangoon)
Nepal 56,826 14 Kathmandu
24,700,000 2.3
Oman 82,031 76 Muscat
2,700,000 2.2
Pakistan 307,375 34 Islamabad
159,200,000 2.4
Philippines 115,830 48 Manila
83,700,000 2.0
Qatar 4,247 92 Doha
700,000 1.6
Saudi Arabia 829,996 86 Riyadh
25,100,000 3.0
Singapore 239 100 Singapore
4,200,000 0.6
Sri Lanka 25,332 30 Colombo
19,600,000 1.3
Syria 71,498 50 Damascus
18,000,000 2.4
Taiwan 13,969 78 Taipei
22,600,000 0.4
Tajikistan 55,251 27 Dushanbe
6,600,000 1.9
Thailand 198,116 31 Bangkok
63,800,000 0.8
Turkey 299,158 59 Ankara
71,300,000 1.4
Turkmenistan 188,456 47 Ashgabat
5,700,000 1.6
United Arab 32,278 78 Abu Dhabi
Emirates 4,200,000 1.4
Uzbekistan 172,741 37 Tashkent
26,400,000 1.6
Vietnam 128,066 25 Hanoi
81,500,000 1.2
Yemen 203,849 26 Sanaa
20,000,000 3.3
OCEANIA
Australia 2,988,888 91 Canberra
20,100,000 0.6
Fiji 7,054 39 Suva
800,000 1.8
Kiribati 282 43 Tarawa
100,000 1.8
Marshall 69 68 Majuro
Islands 100,000 3.7
Micronesia 270 22 Palikir
100,000 2.1
Nauru 9 100 Yaren District
10,000 1.8
New Zealand 104,452 78 Wellington
4,100,000 0.7
Palau 178 70 Koror
20,000 0.8
Papua New 178,703 15 Port
Guinea 5,700,000 2.2 Moresby
Samoa 1,097 22 Apia
200,000 2.4
Solomon 11,158 16 Honiara
Islands 500,000 2.7
Tonga 290 32 Nuku'alofa
100,000 1.8
Tuvalu 10 47 Funafuti
10,000 1.7
Vanuatu 4,707 21 Port-Vila
200,000 2.2
COUNTY MAJOR
LANGUAGES
Antigua and English, local dialects
Barbuda
Bahamas English, Creole
Barbados English
Belize English, Spanish, Mayan,
Garifuna
Canada English, French
Costa Rica Spanish, English
Cuba Spanish
Dominica English, French patois
Dominican Spanish
Republic
El Salvador Spanish, Nahua
Grenada English, French patois
Guatemala Spanish, Amerindian
dialects
Haiti Creole, French
Honduras Spanish, Amerindian
dialects
Jamaica English, Creole
Mexico Spanish, Mayan, other
indigenous languages
Nicaragua Spanish, English,
Amerindian dialects
Panama Spanish, English
Saint Kitts English
and Nevis
Saint Lucia English, French patois
Saint Vincent and English, French patois
the Grenadines
Trinidad and English, Hindi, French,
Tobago Spanish
United States English, Spanish, others
Argentina Spanish, English, Italian,
German, French
Bolivia Spanish, Quechua,
Aymara
Brazil Portuguese, Amerindian
dialects
Chile Spanish
Colombia Spanish
Ecuador Spanish, Amerindian
dialects
Guyana English, Amerindian
dialects
Paraguay Spanish, Guarani
Peru Spanish, Quechua,
Aymara
Suriname Dutch, English, Sranang,
Tongo, Hindustani,
Javanese
Uruguay Spanish, Portunol,
Brazilero
Venezuela Spanish, Amerindian
dialects
AFRICA
Algeria Arabic, French, Berber
dialects
Angola Portuguese, Bantu,
others
Benin French, Fon, Yoruba,
others
Botswana English, Setswana
Burkina Faso French, Sudanic
languages
Burundi Kirundi, French, Swahili
Cameroon English, French, African
languages
Cape Verde Portuguese, Crioulo
Central African French, Sangho, Arabic,
Republic Hunsa, Swahili
Chad French, Arabic, Sara,
Sango, others
Comoros Arabic, French, Comoran
Congo, French, Lingala,
Democratic Rep. Kingwana, Kikongo,
Tshiluba
Congo, Republic French, Lingala, Mono-
kutuba, Kikongo, others
Cote d'Ivoire French, Dioula, others
Djibouti French, Arabic, Somali,
Afar
Egypt Arabic, English, French
Equatorial Spanish, French, pidgin
Guinea English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo
Eritrea Amharic, Arabic, Afar ,
Tigrinya, Tigre, many
others
Ethiopia Amharic, Tigrinya, Arabic,
Orominga, English, others
Gabon French, Fang, Myene,
Bateke, others
Gambia English, Mandinka,
Wolof, Fula, others
Ghana English, Akan, others
Guinea French, various African
languages
Guinea-Bissau Portuguese, Criolo,
others
Kenya English, Swahili, many
others
Lesotho Sesotho, English, Zulu,
Xhosa
Liberia English, Niger-Congo
languages
Libya Arabic, Italian, English
Madagascar French, Malagasy
Malawi English, Chichewa,
others
Mali French, Barbara,
many others
Mauritania Hasaniya Arabic, Pular,
Soninke, Wolof, French
Mauritius English, Creole, French,
Hindi, Urdu, Hakka,
Bojpoori
Morocco Arabic, Berber dialects,
French
Mozambique Portuguese, African
languages
Namibia Afrikaans, German,
English, local African
languages
Niger French, Hausa, Djerma
Nigeria English, Hausa, Yoruba,
Ibe Fulani
Rwanda Kinyarwanda, French.
English Kiswahili
Sao Tome Portuguese
and Principe
Senegal French, Wolof, Pulaar,
Diola, Mandingo
Seychelles English, French,
Creole
Sierra Leone English, Mende,
Temne, Krio
Somalia Somali, Arabic,
Italian, English
South Africa English, Afrikaans, Zulu,
Xhosa, Swazi, Sotho,
others
Sudan Arabic, Nubian, Ta
Bedawie, English, others
Swaziland English, siSwati
Tanzania Kiswahili, English, Arabic,
many others
Togo French, Ewe, Mina,
Dagomba, Kabye
Tunisia Arabic, French
Uganda English, Luganda,
Swahili, others
Zambia English. Bemba,
Tonga, others
Zimbabwe English, Shona,
Sindebele, others
EUROPE
Albania Albanian, Greek
Andorra Catalan, French, Castilian
Austria German
Belarus Byelorussian, Russian,
others
Belgium Flemish, French, German
Bosnia and Serbo-Croatian
Herzegovina
Bulgaria Bulgarian, others
Croatia Serbo-Croatian
Czech Republic Czech, Slovak
Denmark Danish, Greenlandic,
Faroese, German
Estonia Estonian, Ukrainian,
Russian, others
Finland Finnish, Swedish, Lapp,
Russian
France French, regional dialect
Germany German
Greece Greek, English, French
Hungary Hungarian, others
Iceland Icelandic
Ireland English, Gaelic
Italy Italian, German, French
Slovene
Latvia Lettish, Lithuanian,
Russian, others
Liechtenstein German, Alemannic
dialect
Lithuania Lithuanian, Polish,
Russian
Luxembourg Luxembourgan,German,
French, English
Macedonia Macedonian, Albanian,
others
Malta Maltese, English
Moldova Moldovan, Russian,
Gagauz
Monaco French, English, Italian,
Monegasque
Netherlands Dutch
Norway Norwegian, Lapp, Finnish
Poland Polish
Portugal Portuguese
Romania Romanian, Hungarian,
German
Russia Russian, others
San Marino Italian
Serbia and Serbo-Croatian, Albanian
Montenegro
Slovakia Slovak, Hungarian
Slovenia Slovenian, Serbo-
Croatian, others
Spain Spanish, Catalan,
Galician, Basque
Sweden Swedish, Lapp, Finnish
Switzerland German, French, Italian,
Romansch, others
Ukraine Ukranian, Russian,
Romanian, Polish,
Hungarian
United Kingdom English, Welsh,
(England, Scotland, Scottish, Gaelic
Wales, N. Ireland)
Vatican City Italian, Latin, others
ASIA
Afghanistan Pashtu, Afghan Persian,
Turkic, others
Armenia Armenian, Russian,
others
Azerbaijan Azeri, Russian, Armenian,
others
Bahrain Arabic, English, Farsi,
Urdu
Bangladesh Bengali, English
Bhutan Dzongkha, Tibetan, and
Nepalese dialects
Brunei Malay, English Chinese
Cambodia Khmer, French
China Mandarin, other Chinese
dialects, other languages
Cyprus Greek, Turkish, English
East Timor Tetun, Portuguese,
Indonesian, English
Georgia Georgian Russian,
Armenian, Azeri Ossetian,
others
India Hindi, English, many
others
Indonesia Bahasa Indonesian,
English, Dutch, others
Iran Farsi, Turkic, Kurdish,
Luri, others
Iraq Arabic, Kurdish
Assyrian, Armenian
Israel (4) Hebrew, Arabic, English
Japan Japanese
Jordan Arabic, English
Kazakhstan Kazakh, Russian,
Ukrainian, others
Korea, North Korean
Korea, South Korean, English
Kuwait Arabic, English
Kyrgyzstan Kirghiz, Russian
Laos Lao, French, English,
others
Lebanon Arabic, French,
Armenian, English
Malaysia Malay, English, Chinese
dialects, many others
Maldives Maldivian Divehi, English
Mongolia Khalkha Mongol, Turkic,
Russian, Chinese
Myanmar (Burma) Burmese, others
Nepal Nepali, others
Oman Arabic, English, Baluchi,
Urdu, others Arabic
Pakistan Urdu, Punjabi, Sindhi,
Siraiki, English, others
Philippines Filipino, English
Qatar Arabic, English
Saudi Arabia Arabic
Singapore Chinese, Malay, Tamil,
English
Sri Lanka Tamil, Sinhala, English
Syria Arabic, Kurdish,
Armenian,
French, others
Taiwan Mandarin Chinese,
Taiwanese, others
Tajikistan Tajik, Russian
Thailand Thai, English, regional
dialects
Turkey Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic
Turkmenistan Turkmen, Uzbek,
Russian, others
United Arab Arabic, Farsi, English,
Emirates Hindi, Urdu
Uzbekistan Uzbek, Russian, Tajik,
others
Vietnam Vietnamese, French,
Chinese, English,
Khmer, others
Yemen Arabic
OCEANIA
Australia English, Aboriginal
languages
Fiji English, Fijian,
Hindustani
Kiribati English, Gilbertese
Marshall English, Marshallese
Islands dialects, Japanese
Micronesia English, Trukese,
Pohnpein,Yapese,
Kosraean
Nauru Nauruan, English
New Zealand English, Maori
Palau English, Sonsorol'ese,
Palauan, others
Papua New English, pidgin English,
Guinea Motu, many others
Samoa Samoan, English
Solomon Melanesian pidgin,
Islands English, others
Tonga Tongan, English
Tuvalu Tuvaluan, English
Vanuatu English, French, Bislama
COUNTY FORM OF GOVERNMENT
& HEAD
Antigua and Dominant party;
Barbuda Prime Minister Baldwin Spencer
Bahamas Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Perry Christie
Barbados Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Owen Arthur
Belize Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Said Musa
Canada Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Paul Martin
Costa Rica Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Abel Pacheco de la Espriella
Cuba Communist one-party state;
President Fidel Castro
Dominica Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Roosevelt Skerrit
Dominican Presidential-legislative democracy;
Republic President Leonel Fernandez
El Salvador Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Elias Antonio Saca
Grenada Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Keith Mitchell
Guatemala Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Oscar Berger Perdomo
Haiti Dominant party (transitional);
President Boniface Alexandre
Honduras Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Ricardo Maduro
Jamaica Parliamentary democracy; Prime
Minister Percival James Patterson
Mexico Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Vicente Fox
Nicaragua Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Enrique Bolanos
Panama Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Martin Torrijos
Saint Kitts Parliamentary democracy;
and Nevis Prime Minister Denzil Douglas
Saint Lucia Parliamentary democracy;
prime Minister Kenny Anthony
Saint Vincent and Parliamentary democracy;
the Grenadines Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves
Trinidad and Parliamentary democracy;
Tobago Prime Minister Patrick Manning
United States Presidential-legislative democracy;
President George W. Bush
Argentina Presidential legislative democracy;
President Nestor Kirchner
Bolivia Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Carlos Mesa
Brazil Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva
Chile Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Ricardo Lagos Escobar
Colombia Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Alvaro Uribe Velez
Ecuador Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Lucio Gutierrez
Guyana Parliamentary democracy;
President Bharrat Jagdeo
Paraguay Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Nicanor Duarte Frutos
Peru Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Alejandro Toledo
Suriname Parliamentary democracy;
President Ronald Venetiaan
Uruguay Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Jorge Batlle
Venezuela Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Hugo Chavez
AFRICA
Algeria Dominant party;
President Abdelaziz Bouteflika
Angola Presidential-parliamentary (transition-
al); President Jose Eduardo dos Santos
Benin Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Mathieu Kerekou
Botswana Parliamentary democracy and tradi-
tional chiefs; President Festus Mogae
Burkina Faso Presidential-parliamentary (transi-
tional); President Blaise Compaore
Burundi Dictatorship (military-dominated);
President Domitien Ndayizeye
Cameroon Dominant party;
President Paul Biya
Cape Verde Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Jose Maria Neves
Central African Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
Republic President Francois Bozize
Chad Presidential-parliamentary (military-
dominated); President Idriss Deby
Comoros Presidential (military-dominated);
Col. Assoumani Azali
Congo, Military-backed dictatorship;
Democratic Rep. President Joseph Kabila
Congo, Republic Military (transitional);
President Denis Sassou-Nguesso
Cote d'Ivoire Presidential-parliamentary (transi-
tional); President Laurent Gbagbo
Djibouti Dominant party;
President Ismail Omar Guelleh
Egypt Dominant party; President Hosni
Mubarak
Equatorial Presidential (military-dominated);
Guinea President Teodoro Obiang
Nguema Mbasogo
Eritrea Dominant party;
President Isaias Afewerki
Ethiopia Dominant parry;
Prime Minister Meles Zenawi
Gabon Dominant party;
President Omar Bongo
Gambia Presidential-legislative (transitional);
President Yahya Jammeh
Ghana Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President John Agyekum Kufuor
Guinea Dominant party;
President Lansana Conte
Guinea-Bissau Presidential-legislative (transitional);
President Henrique Perreira Rosa
Kenya Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Mwai Kibaki
Lesotho Parliamentary and traditional chiefs
(transitional); Prime Minister
Pakalitha Mosisili
Liberia Presidential-parliamentary democracy
(transitional); Gyude Bryant, chairman
of interim government
Libya One-party dictatorship;
Colonel Muammar al-Qaddafi
Madagascar Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Marc Ravalomanana
Malawi Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Bingu wa Mutharika
Mali Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Amadou Toumani Toure
Mauritania Presidential-parliamentary (military-
influenced); President Maaouya Ould
Sid' Ahmed Taya
Mauritius Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Raymond Paul Berenger
Morocco Constitutional monarchy;
King Muhammad VI
Mozambique Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Joaquim Chissano
Namibia Presidential-parliamentary democracy:
President Sam Nujoma
Niger Presidential-parliamentary
democracy (transitional);
President Mamadou Tandja
Nigeria Presidential-legislative
democracy (transitional);
President Olusegun Obasanjo
Rwanda Dominant party;
President Paul Kagame
Sao Tome Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
and Principe President Fradique de Menezes
Senegal Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Abdoulaye Wade
Seychelles Dominant party;
President James Michel
Sierra Leone Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah
Somalia Limited government disputed
by warlords
South Africa Parliamentary democracy;
President Thabo Mbeki
Sudan Presidential-legislative (military-
dominated); President Omar Hassan
Ahmad al-Bashir
Swaziland Monarchy; King Mswati III
Tanzania Dominant party;
President Benjamin Mkapa
Togo Dominant party;
President General Gnassingbe Eyadema
Tunisia Dominant party;
President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
Uganda Dominant parry;
President Yoweri Museveni
Zambia Dominant party;
President Levy Mwanawasa
Zimbabwe Dominant party;
President Robert Mugabe
EUROPE
Albania Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Alfred Moisiu
Andorra Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
Executive Council President Marc
Forne Molne
Austria Parliamentary democracy;
Chancellor Wolfgang Schussel
Belarus Presidential dictatorship;
President Aleksandr Lukashenko
Belgium Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt
Bosnia and Presidential-parliamentary (transi-
Herzegovina tional); rotating Chairman of
the Presidency (2)
Bulgaria Parliamentary democracy; Prime
Minister Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
Croatia Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Stjepan Mesic
Czech Republic Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Stanislav Gross
Denmark Parliamentary democracy; Prime
Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen
Estonia Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Juhan Parts
Finland Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Tarja Halonen
France Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Jacques Chirac
Germany Parliamentary democracy;
Chancellor Gerhard Schroder
Greece Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Kostas Karamanlis
Hungary Parliamentary democracy;
President Ferenc Madl
Iceland Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Haldor Asgrimsson
Ireland Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Bertie Ahern
Italy Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi
Latvia Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Indulis Emsis
Liechtenstein Constitutional monarchy;
Prince Hans Adam II
Lithuania Parliamentary democracy;
President Valdas Adanikus
Luxembourg Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker
Macedonia Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Hari Kostov
Malta Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Lawrence Gonzi
Moldova Parliamentary democracy;
President Vladimir Voronin
Monaco Constitutional monarchy;
Prince Rainier III
Netherlands Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende
Norway Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondevik
Poland Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Aleksander Kwasniewski
Portugal Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Pedro Santana Lopes
Romania Presidential-pariamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Adrian Nastase
Russia Presidential parliamentary democracy;
President Vladimir Putin
San Marino Parliamentary democracy; Co-Captains
Regent elected every six months from
the Great and General Council
Serbia and Parliamentary democracy (transitional);
Montenegro President Boris Tadic
Slovakia Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Mikulas Dzurinda
Slovenia Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Janez Jansa
Spain Parliamentary democracy; Prime
Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero
Sweden Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Goran Persson
Switzerland Parliamentary democracy
rotating President from 7-member
Federal Council
Ukraine Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Leonid Kuchma
United Kingdom Parliamentary democracy;
(England, Scotland, Prime Minister Tony Blair
Wales, N. Ireland)
Vatican City Papal state; Pope John Paul II
ASIA
Afghanistan Transitional democracy;
President Hamid Karzai
Armenia Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Robert Kocharyan
Azerbaijan Presidential (Dominant party);
President Ilham Aliyev
Bahrain Monarchy; King Hamad bin 'Isa Al
Khalifah
Bangladesh Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Khaleda Zia
Bhutan Monarchy; King Jigme Singye
Wangchuk
Brunei Monarchy; Sultan and Prime Minister
Sir Muda Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzadin
Waddaulah
Cambodia Dominant party;
Prime Minister Samdech Hun Sen
China Communist one-party state;
President Hu Jintao
Cyprus Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Tassos Papadopoulos
East Timor Presidential-parliamentary democracy
(transitional); President Xanana
Gusmao
Georgia Presidential parliamentary democracy;
President Mikheil Saakashvili
India Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh
Indonesia Parliamentary democracy;
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Iran Presidential-parliamentary under
Islamic religious control; President
Mohammad Khatami
Iraq Transitional;
Prime Minister Ayad Allawi
Israel (4) Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Ariel Sharon
Japan Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi
Jordan Constitutional monarchy;
King Abdullah II
Kazakhstan Dominant party;
President Nursultan Nazarbayev
Korea, North Communist dictatorship;
General Secretary Kim Jong II
Korea, South Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Roh Muh-hyun
Kuwait Monarchy; Emir Sheikh Jabir Al Ahmad
Al Jabir Al Sabah
Kyrgyzstan Presidential dictatorship;
President Askar Akayev
Laos Communist one-party state;
President Khamtai Siphandon
Lebanon Presidential-parliamentary with
heavy Syrian influence;
president Emile Lahoud
Malaysia Dominant party; Prime Minister Datuk
Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
Maldives Presidential dictatorship;
President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom
Mongolia Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Tsakhiagyn Elbegdorj
Myanmar (Burma) Military; Prime Minister
General Than Shwe
Nepal Constitutional monarchy and
parliamentary democracy;
King Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah
Oman Monarchy; Prime Minister and Sultan
Qaboos bin Sa'id Al Said
Pakistan Military; President General Pervez
Musharraf
Philippines Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
Qatar Monarchy; Emir Sheikh Hamid bin
Khalifah Al Thani
Saudi Arabia Monarchy; King and Prime Minister
Fahd bin Abd al-Aziz Al-Saud
Singapore Dominant party;
Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong
Sri Lanka Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Chandrika Bandaranaike
Kumaratunga
Syria Dominant party (military dominated);
President Bashar Al-Assad
Taiwan Presidential-parliamentary democracy;
President Chen Shui-bian
Tajikistan Presidential (transitional);
President Imomali Rakhmonov
Thailand Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra
Turkey Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan
Turkmenistan Presidential dictatorship;
President Saparmurad Niyazov
United Arab Federation of traditional monarchies;
Emirates President Sheikh Zayid bin Sultan
Al Nahayyan
Uzbekistan Presidential (dominant party);
President Islam Karimov
Vietnam Communist one-party state;
Prime Minister Phan Van Khai
Yemen Dominant party;
President Ali Abdullah Saleh
OCEANIA
Australia Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister John Howard
Fiji Parliamentary democracy and
traditional chiefs;
Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase
Kiribati Presidential-legislative democracy;
President Anote Tong
Marshall Parliamentary democracy and tradi-
Islands tional chiefs; President Kessai H. Note
Micronesia Parliamentary democracy;
President Joseph J. Urusemal
Nauru Parliamentary democracy;
President Ludwig Scotty
New Zealand Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Helen Clark
Palau Presidential democracy and traditional
chiefs; President Tommy Remengesau
Papua New Parliamentary democracy;
Guinea Prime Minister Sir Michael Somare
Samoa Parliamentary democracy and traditional
chiefs; Prime Minister Tuilaepa
Sailele Malielegaoi
Solomon Parliamentary democracy;
Islands Prime Minister Sir Allan Kamakeza
Tonga Monarchy; King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV
Tuvalu Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Maatia Toafa
Vanuatu Parliamentary democracy;
Prime Minister Serge Vohor
COUNTY DATE OF LITERACY PER
ORIGIN RATE (%) CAPITA GDP
% OF POP. LIFE HDI
UNDER 15 EXPECTANCY
Antigua and 1981 90/88 $11,000
Barbuda 26 68/73 0.800
Bahamas 1973 95/97 $16,700
30 70/75 0.815
Barbados 1966 98/97 $15,700
22 70/75 0.888
Belize 1981 94/94 $4,900
41 67/74 0.737
Canada 1867 97 $29,800
18 77/82 0.943
Costa Rica 1821 96/96 $9,100
30 76/81 0.834
Cuba 1902 97/97 $2,900
21 74/78 0.809
Dominica 1978 94/94 $5,400
33 71/77 0.743
Dominican 1844 85/85 $6,000
Republic 34 67/70 0.738
El Salvador 1821 83/78 $4,800
36 67/73 0.720
Grenada 1974 98/98 $5,000
35 NA 0.745
Guatemala 1821 78/63 $4,100
44 63/69 0.649
Haiti 1804 55/51 $1,600
43 50/53 0.463
Honduras 1821 76/76 $2,600
41 67/74 0.672
Jamaica 1962 84/92 $3,900
31 73/77 0.764
Mexico 1810 94/91 $9,000
35 73/78 0.802
Nicaragua 1821 67/68 $2,300
43 66/71 0.667
Panama 1903 93/92 $6,300
31 72/77 0.791
Saint Kitts 1983 97/98 $8,800
and Nevis 31 68/72 0.844
Saint Lucia 1979 65/69 $5,400
31 70/74 0.777
Saint Vincent and 1979 96/96 $2,900
the Grenadines 37 71/74 0.751
Trinidad and 1962 99/98 $9,500
Tobago 25 68/73 0.801
United States 1776 97/97 $37,800
21 75/80 0.939
Argentina 1816 97/97 $11,200
28 71/78 0.853
Bolivia 1825 93/82 $2,400
39 61/64 0.681
Brazil 1822 86/87 $7,600
30 67/75 0.775
Chile 1810 96/96 $9,900
26 73/79 0.839
Colombia 1810 92/93 $6,300
32 69/75 0.773
Ecuador 1822 94/91 $3,300
36 68/74 0.735
Guyana 1966 99/99 $4,000
30 60/67 0.719
Paraguay 1811 95/93 $4,700
39 69/73 0.751
Peru 1821 95/87 $5,100
34 66/71 0.752
Suriname 1975 95/91 $4,000
32 67/72 0.780
Uruguay 1825 98/98 $12,800
24 71/79 0.833
Venezuela 1811 94/93 $4,800
34 70/76 0.778
AFRICA
Algeria 1962 79/61 $6,000
34 73/74 0.704
Angola 1975 56/28 $1,900
44 39/42 0.381
Benin 1960 56/27 $1,100
46 50/52 0.421
Botswana 1966 77/82 $9,000
40 35/36 0.589
Burkina Faso 1960 37/17 $1,100
46 44/46 0.302
Burundi 1962 59/45 $600
47 42/44 0.339
Cameroon 1960 85/73 $1,800
43 47/49 0.501
Cape Verde 1975 86/69 $1,400
42 66/73 0.717
Central African 1980 63/40 $1,100
Republic 44 41/44 0.361
Chad 1960 56/39 $1,200
48 47/51 0.379
Comoros 1975 64/49 $700
47 54/59 0.530
Congo, 1960 76/55 $700
Democratic Rep. 48 46/51 0.365
Congo, Republic 1960 90/78 $700
47 47/50 0.494
Cote d'Ivoire 1960 58/44 $1,400
43 42/43 0.399
Djibouti 1977 78/58 $1,300
43 45/48 0.454
Egypt 1922 68/47 $4,000
36 66/70 0.653
Equatorial 1968 93/78 $2,700
Guinea 44 47/50 0.703
Eritrea 1993 70/48 $700
45 52/55 0.439
Ethiopia 1000 B.C. 50/35 $700
44 45/47 0.359
Gabon 1960 74/53 $5,500
42 56/58 0.648
Gambia 1965 48/33 $1,700
45 52/56 0.452
Ghana 1957 83/67 $2,200
40 57/59 0.568
Guinea 1958 50/22 $2,100
45 48/50 0.425
Guinea-Bissau 1973 58/27 $800
47 43/47 0.350
Kenya 1963 91/80 $1,000
44 48/53 0.488
Lesotho 1966 75/95 $3,000
43 37/38 0.493
Liberia 1847 73/42 $1,000
47 41/43 NA
Libya 1951 92/72 $6,400
35 74/78 0.794
Madagascar 1960 76/63 $800
45 53/58 0.469
Malawi 1964 76/50 $600
46 42/45 0.388
Mali 1960 54/40 $900
49 48/49 0.326
Mauritania 1960 52/32 $1,800
43 53/55 0.465
Mauritius 1968 89/83 $11,400
25 68/75 0.785
Morocco 1956 64/39 $4,000
31 68/72 0.620
Mozambique 1975 64/33 $1,200
44 38/42 0.354
Namibia 1990 84/84 $7,200
42 48/46 0.607
Niger 1960 26/10 $800
50 45/46 0.292
Nigeria 1960 76/61 $900
44 52/52 0.466
Rwanda 1962 76/65 $1,300
43 39/41 0.431
Sao Tome 1975 85/62 $1,200
and Principe 41 66/72 0.645
Senegal 1960 50/31 $1,600
44 55/57 0.437
Seychelles 1976 56/60 $7,800
26 67/76 0.853
Sierra Leone 1961 45/18 $500
44 34/36 0.273
Somalia 1960 50/26 $500
45 45/48 NA
South Africa 1910 87/86 $10,700
34 49/57 0.666
Sudan 1956 72/51 $1,900
45 56/58 0.505
Swaziland 1968 83/81 $4,900
43 45/42 0.519
Tanzania 1964 86/71 $600
45 44/46 0.407
Togo 1960 75/47 $1,500
46 53/56 0.495
Tunisia 1956 84/64 $6,900
28 71/75 0.745
Uganda 1962 80/60 $1,400
51 43/46 0.493
Zambia 1964 87/75 $800
46 35/35 0.389
Zimbabwe 1980 94/87 $1,900
42 43/40 0.491
EUROPE
Albania 1912 93/80 $4,500
29 72/76 0.781
Andorra 1278 99 $19,000
15 NA NA
Austria 1156 98 $30,000
17 76/82 0.934
Belarus 1991 99/99 $6,100
16 63/75 0.790
Belgium 1830 98 $29,100
17 75/82 0.942
Bosnia and 1992 NA $6,100
Herzegovina 18 71/76 0.781
Bulgaria 1908 99/98 $7,600
15 69/75 0.796
Croatia 1991 99/98 $10,600
17 71/78 0.830
Czech Republic 1993 99 $15,700
16 72/79 0.868
Denmark 900s 99 $31,100
19 75/79 0.932
Estonia 1991 99/99 $12,300
17 65/77 0.853
Finland 1917 99 $27,400
18 75/82 0.935
France 486 99/99 $27,600
19 76/83 0.932
Germany 1871 99 $27,600
15 75/81 0.925
Greece 1829 99/97 $20,000
15 76/81 0.902
Hungary 1001 99/99 $13,900
16 68/77 0.848
Iceland 1944 99 $30,900
23 79/83 0.941
Ireland 1921 98 $29,600
21 75/80 0.936
Italy 1861 99/98 $26,700
14 77/83 0.920
Latvia 1991 99/99 $10,200
16 65/77 0.823
Liechtenstein 1719 99 $25,000
18 79/82 NA
Lithuania 1991 99/99 $11,400
18 66/78 0.842
Luxembourg 1839 99/99 $55,100
19 75/81 0.933
Macedonia 1991 NA $6,700
22 71/75 0.793
Malta 1964 92/94 $17,700
19 76/80 0.875
Moldova 1991 99/99 $1,800
22 65/72 0.681
Monaco 1419 99 $27,000
13 NA NA
Netherlands 1579 99 $28,600
19 76/81 0.942
Norway 1905 99 $37,800
20 77/82 0.956
Poland 1918 99/99 $11,100
18 70/79 0.850
Portugal 1140 96/91 $18,000
16 74/81 0.897
Romania 1878 99/98 $7,000
17 68/75 0.778
Russia 1991 99/99 $8,900
16 58/72 0.795
San Marino 301 97/95 $34,600
15 76/83 NA
Serbia and 1992 97/89 $2,200
Montenegro 19 70/75 NA
Slovakia 1993 NA $13,300
18 70/78 0.842
Slovenia 1991 99/99 $19,000
15 72/80 0.895
Spain 1492 99/97 $22,000
14 76/83 0.922
Sweden 1523 99 $26,800
17 78/82 0.946
Switzerland 1291 99 $32,700
17 77/83 0.936
Ukraine 1991 99/99 $5,400
16 62/74 0.777
United Kingdom circa 900 99 $27,700
(England, Scotland, 19 76/80 0.936
Wales, N. Ireland)
Vatican City 1929 100 NA
NA NA NA
ASIA
Afghanistan 1919 51/21 $700
45 42/43 NA
Armenia 1918 99/98 $3,500
23 70/76 0.754
Azerbaijan 1991 99/96 $3,400
29 69/75 0.746
Bahrain 1971 92/85 $16,900
28 73/75 0.843
Bangladesh 1971 54/32 $1,900
37 60/60 0.509
Bhutan 1949 56/28 $1,300
42 66/66 0.536
Brunei 1984 95/89 $18,600
31 74/79 0.867
Cambodia 1949 81/60 $1,900
42 55/59 0.568
China 1912 93/79 $5,000
22 70/73 0.745
Cyprus 1960 99/96 $19,200 GREEK (3)
21 75/80 $5,600 TURKISH
0.883
East Timor 2002 59 $500
44 48/49 0.436
Georgia 1991 99/98 $2,500
20 68/75 0.739
India 1947 70/48 $2,900
36 61/63 0.595
Indonesia 1945 93/84 $3,200
30 66/70 0.692
Iran 1502 86/73 $7,000
33 68/70 0.732
Iraq 1932 56/24 $1,500
42 58/61 N/A
Israel (4) 1948 97/94 $19,800
28 77/81 0.908
Japan 660 B.C. 99/99 $28,200
14 78/85 0.938
Jordan 1946 96/86 $4,300
38 71/72 0.750
Kazakhstan 1991 99/98 $6,300
27 58/70 0.766
Korea, North 1945 99/99 $1,300
27 61/66 NA
Korea, South 1945 99/97 $17,800
20 73/80 0.888
Kuwait 1961 85/82 $19,000
26 77/79 0.838
Kyrgyzstan 1991 99/96 $1,600
35 65/72 0.701
Laos 1949 68/38 $1,700
43 52/55 0.534
Lebanon 1943 93/82 $4,800
28 72/75 0.758
Malaysia 1957 92/85 $9,000
34 71/76 0.793
Maldives 1965 97/97 $3,900
39 73/74 0.752
Mongolia 1921 99/99 $1,800
36 63/68 0.668
Myanmar (Burma) 1948 89/81 $1,800
33 54/60 0.551
Nepal 1768 63/28 $1,400
39 59/58 0.504
Oman 1650 83/67 $13,100
34 NA 0.770
Pakistan 1947 60/31 $2,100
42 60/62 0.497
Philippines 1946 96/96 $4,600
37 67/72 0.753
Qatar 1971 81/85 $21,500
27 70/75 0.833
Saudi Arabia 1932 85/71 $11,800
40 71/73 0.768
Singapore 1965 97/90 $23,700
21 77/81 0.902
Sri Lanka 1948 95/90 $3,700
27 70/74 0.740
Syria 1946 90/64 $3,300
40 69/71 0.710
Taiwan 1947 96 $23,400
20 73/79 NA
Tajikistan 1991 99/99 $1,000
42 66/71 0.671
Thailand 1238 98/95 $7,400
23 68/75 0.768
Turkey 1923 94/79 $6,700
30 66/71 0.751
Turkmenistan 1991 99/97 $5,800
38 63/70 0.752
United Arab 1971 76/82 $23,200
Emirates 26 73/77 0.816
Uzbekistan 1991 99/99 $1,700
38 68/73 0.709
Vietnam 1945 96/92 $2,500
29 70/73 0.691
Yemen 1990 71/30 $800
48 58/62 0.482
OCEANIA
Australia 1901 99/99 $29,000
20 77/83 0.946
Fiji 1970 96/92 $5,800
32 65/69 0.758
Kiribati 1979 NA $800
40 58/67 NA
Marshall 1986 94/94 $1,600
Islands 42 67/70 NA
Micronesia 1986 91/88 $2,000
40 67/67 NA
Nauru 1968 NA $5,000
41 57/65 NA
New Zealand 1907 99 $21,600
22 76/81 0.926
Palau 1994 93/90 $9,000
24 67/75 NA
Papua New 1975 72/59 $2,200
Guinea 40 57/59 0.542
Samoa 1962 99/99 $5,600
41 72/74 0.769
Solomon 1978 NA $1,700
Islands 44 61/62 0.624
Tonga 1970 98/99 $2,200
NA 70/71 0.787
Tuvalu 1978 NA $1,100
36 NA NA
Vanuatu 1980 57/48 $2,900
42 66/69 0.570
(1) A single figure represents a percentage for the population as a
whole; breakdown by gender not available.
(2) Bosnia has a collective presidency that rotates among
three member (one Croat, one Muslim and one Serb).
(3) Figures are broken down into Greek and Turkish populations,
respectively.
(4) Israel's area and population do not include the occupied
territories of Gaza and the West Bank.
SOURCES: For area, population, urban population, annual population
rise, percent of population under 15 years, and life expectancy: 2004
World Population Data Sheet, Population Reference Bureau * For capital,
major languages, date of origin, literacy rate, and per capita GDP:
The World Factbook 2004 (Central Intelligence Agency) * For forms of
government: Based on information from annual editions of Freedom in
the World, a publication of Freedom House (a nonprofit human-rights
organization), World Book, and the State Department and its Web site
(www.state.gov) * For heads of government: Based on information from
the GeoCities "Rulers" Web site (www.rulers.org), the State Department
and its Web site, and the CIA World factbook * For HDI: Human
Development Report 2004 (United Nations Development Program)
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