The value of the case report.

Although sometimes thought of as a relatively unimportant publication, the properly conceived and accurately described and documented case report can be a valuable addition to the world's literature. The well-written case report is often more informative than a paper containing irrelevant statistical material or a meta-analysis of other authors' work. In a previous editorial in Ear, Nose & Throat Journal (April 1993, page 250: "What is 'rare'") I defined what is considered "rare" and pointed out that scientists have an obligation to report and journals have an obligation to publish any case involving a condition about which fewer than 200 cases have been reported in the world's literature. Publication of the "rare" case should be routine and automatic. The literature search must be exhaustive, including all languages, to confirm rarity.

There are two other legitimate reasons for the publication of case report. One is to demonstrate something new and previously unreported, such as a diagnostic test, a new clinical observation, or a new treatment for the uncommon condition. A second reason for the periodic publication of case reports is to review the current diagnosis and treatment of an uncommon condition, to remind practitioners to be aware of an important but seldom seen medical problem. Examples are conditions once common and thoroughly described in years past, such as tuberculous and syphilitic otitis media or otogenic brain abscess.

Case reports have significant value for the practicing otolaryngologist and will continue to appear in the Ear, Nose & Throat Journal.