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The church's response to AIDS.


Editor's note: In response to our cover story last month on AIDS in Africa, many people have inquired about what the Presbyterian Church is doing and how they can help. We invited Karen Plater of Presbyterian World Service and Development to write an article about the church's work and where donations may be sent.

African partners of the Presbyterian Church have witnessed the impact of HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome  on their work and ministry. All Africans have been profoundly affected by this disease. They have seen people dying in their churches and communities, a staggering rise in the number of orphans and the economic toll on their communities. For many partners of the church, the decision to tackle issues around the subject of AIDS has not been easy. However, the effects the pandemic pandemic /pan·dem·ic/ (pan-dem´ik)
1. a widespread epidemic of a disease.

2. widely epidemic.


pan·dem·ic
adj.
Epidemic over a wide geographic area.

n.
 is having on families and communities have compelled them to act.

We have encouraged our partners' efforts to stop this pandemic. Through international ministries, the church has provided staff to work alongside partners on AIDS projects. Grants from Presbyterian World Service and Development and Live the Vision have helped fund education, community health and development programs. The church also speaks out ecumenically on AIDS issues in Canada and elsewhere through PWS&D's membership in the Interagency Coalition on AIDS and Development and the Ecumenical Advocacy Alliance Ecumenical Advocacy Alliance (EAA) is an international network of over 90 churches and Christian organizations cooperating in advocacy on global trade and on HIV and AIDS. .

The General Assembly has also made statements on AIDS in 1997 and 2000, urging partner churches to promote AIDS education and prevention. The Assembly encourages churches to provide complete and accurate information on AIDS, emphasizing that sexual intercourse should be confined to marriage and advocating the use of condoms for individuals who go against the teaching of the church and engage in extramarital ex·tra·mar·i·tal  
adj.
Being in violation of marriage vows; adulterous: an extramarital affair.


extramarital
Adjective
 intercourse. Since 2002, the international affairs committee, PWS&D and international ministries have worked together to produce worship resources on AIDS for the Sunday closest to World AIDS Day World AIDS Day, observed December 1 each year, is dedicated to raising awareness of the AIDS pandemic caused by the spread of HIV infection. AIDS has killed more than 25 million people, with an estimated 38.  (December 1).

The church has also helped African churches work on this issue. In November 2001, PWS&D helped sponsor the World Council of Churches global consultation on AIDS in Nairobi, Kenya. This brought African churches and development agencies together to work on a comprehensive ecumenical response to AIDS in Africa. At the consultation, the churches engaged in self-criticism, repentance and mutual challenge to deepen their commitment and change their practices with respect to AIDS. At the heart of the consultation was a renewed sense of the call to stop being part of the problem and to start acting boldly in the face of the pandemic.

RELATED ARTICLE: How you can help

* Pray for those infected and affected by AIDS and for the committed workers who minister to them.

* Contribute to Presbyterians Sharing and PWS&D to help support AIDS work. Send contributions to: 50 Wynford 51) The proportion of an oral or intravenous dose of prednisolone prednisolone /pred·nis·o·lone/ (pred-nis´ah-lon) a synthetic glucocorticoid derived from cortisol, used in the form of the base or the acetate, sodium phosphate, or tebutate ester in replacement therapy for adrenocortical insufficiency,  recovered in breast milk is less than 0.1%. (351-353) For maternal doses of at least 20 mg once or twice daily the nursing infant is exposed to minimal amounts of steroid with no clinically significant risk. (351-353) 2+ 3

[C] Encourage women with asthma to breast feed.

[C] Use asthma medications as normal during lactation lactation

Production of milk by female mammals after giving birth. The milk is discharged by the mammary glands in the breasts. Hormones triggered by delivery of the placenta and by nursing stimulate milk production.
, in line with manufacturer's recommendations.

References

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tr.v. ran·dom·ized, ran·dom·iz·ing, ran·dom·iz·es
To make random in arrangement, especially in order to control the variables in an experiment.
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Corticosteroids are group of natural and synthetic analogues of the hormones secreted by the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, more commonly referred to as the pituitary gland.
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in·tra·u·ter·ine
adj.
Within the uterus.


Intrauterine
Situated or occuring in the uterus.
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http://www.archive.official-documents.co.uk/document/doh/wmd/wmd--hm, htm

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al·bu·ter·ol
n.
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Bronchodilators are medicines that help open the bronchial tubes (airways) of the lungs, allowing more air to flow through them.
 during pregnancy. J Allergy Clin lmmunol 1988:82:686-95.

(334.) Mann RD. Kubota K. Pearce G, et al. Salmeterol: a study by prescription event monitoring in a UK cohort of 15,407 patients. J Clin Epidemiol 1996:49:247-50.

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(336.) Dombrowski M, Thom E. McNellis D. Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) studies of inhaled corticosteroids during pregnancy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999:103:S356-9.

(337.) Dombrowski MP, Brown CL. Berry SM. Preliminary experience with triamcinolone acetonide in pregnancy. J Matern Fetal Med 1996:5:310-3.

(338.) Kallen B, Rydhstroem H, Aberg A. Congenital malformations after the use of inhaled budesonide in early pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1999:92:292-5.

(339.) Stenius-Aarniala B, Riikonen S, Teramo K. Slow-release theophylline theophylline /the·oph·yl·line/ (the-of´i-lin) a xanthine derivative found in tea leaves and prepared synthetically; its salts and derivatives act as smooth muscle relaxants, central nervous system and cardiac muscle stimulants, and  in pregnant asthmatics. Chest 1995:107:642-7.

(340.) Schatz M. Asthma during pregnancy interrelationships and management. Ann Allergy 1992:68:123-33.

(341.) Czeizel AE, Rockenbauer M. Population-based case-control study of teratogenic ter·a·to·gen·ic
adj.
Of, relating to, or causing malformations of an embryo or a fetus.



teratogenic

pertaining to or emanating from teratogen.
 potential of corticosteroids. Teratology teratology /ter·a·tol·o·gy/ (ter?ah-tol´ah-je) that division of embryology and pathology dealing with abnormal development and the production of congenital anomalies.teratolog´ic

ter·a·tol·o·gy
n.
 1997:56:335-40.

(342.) Park-Wyllie L. Mazzotta P. Pastuszak A, et al. Birth defects after maternal exposure to corticosteroida: prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies, Teratology 2000:62:385-92.

(343.) Rodriguez-Pinilla E, Martinez-Frias ML Corticosteroids during pregnancy and oral clefts: a case-control study Teratology 1998:58:2-5.

(344.) The use of newer asthma and allergy medications during pregnancy. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) is a professional association of medical doctors specializing in obstetrics and gynecology in the United States. It has a membership of over 49,000[1] and represents 90 percent of U.S.  (ACOG ACOG American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
ACOG American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists
) and The Americal College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI ACAAI American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology ). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2000:84:475-80.

(345.) Mabie WC, Barton JR. Wasserstrum N, et al. Clinical observations on asthma in pregnancy Obstet Gynecol Surv 1992:47:464-6.

(346.) Lao TT, Huengsburg M. Labour and delivery in mothers with asthma Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1990:35:183-90.

(347.) Arad I, Landau H. Adrenocortical adrenocortical /adre·no·cor·ti·cal/ (-kor´ti-k'l) pertaining to or arising from the adrenal cortex.

ad·re·no·cor·ti·cal
adj.
Of, relating to, or derived from the adrenal cortex.
 reserve of neonates born of long term, steroid-treated mothers. Eur J Pediatr 1984:142:279-80.

(348.) Gruskay FL Comparison of breast, cow, and soy feedings in the prevention of onset of allergic disease: a 15-year prospective study. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1982:21:486-91.

(349.) Saarinen UM, Kajossari M. Bresatfeeding as prophylaxis against atopic atopic /atop·ic/ (a-top´ik) (ah-top´ik)
1. ectopic.

2. pertaining to atopy; allergic.


atopic

1. displaced; ectopic.

2. pertaining to atopy.
 disease: prospective follow-up study until 17 years old. Lancet 1995:346:1065-9.

(350.) Turner ES, Greenberger PA, Patterson P. Management of the pregnant asthmatic patient Ann Intern Med 1980:93:905-18.

(351.) Ost L. Wettrell G, Bjorkhem I, et al. Prednisolone excretion in human milk J Paediatr 1985:106:1008-11.

(352.) McKenzie SA, Selley JA, Agnew JE. Secretion of prednisolone into breast milk. Arch Dis Child 1975:50:894-6.

(353.) Greenberger PA, Odeh YK Frederiksen MC, et al. Pharmocokinetics of prednisolone transfer to breast milk. Clin Pharmacol. Ther 1993:53:324-8.
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Title Annotation:Presbyterian World Service and Development
Author:Plater, Karen
Publication:Presbyterian Record
Geographic Code:60AFR
Date:Feb 1, 2003
Words:1446
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