Section on radiology. (Abstracts of Scientific Posters).RAD1-C. MEDIASTINAL AND PULMONARY VASCULAR ANOMALIES: CLINICAL PRESENTATION, DEVELOPMENTAL CAUSES, COMPLICATIONS, AND TREATMENTS, WITH EMPHASIS ON MULTIPLANAR AND THREE DIMENSIONAL APPEARANCE OF VASCULAR LESIONS. Edward Y Lee, MD, MPH, Marilyn J. Siegel, MD, and Fernando R Gutierrez, MD, St. Louis, MO. Congenital mediastinal and pulmonary vascular anomalies occur in a diverse clinical spectrum. Although they may be undiagnosed prior to cross-sectional imaging, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), noninvasive diagnostic technique that uses nuclear magnetic resonance to produce cross-sectional images of organs and other internal body structures. (MRI) are often performed to evaluate abnormal radiographs or unsuspected lesions. Recognition of these vascular anomalies is critical for accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management. The purpose of this exhibit is to provide a pictorial review of the radiologic appearance of mediastinal and pulmonary vascular anomalies that may be incidentally discovered at the time of cross-sectional imaging, such as CT and MRI CT and MRI Two high technology methods of creating images of internal organs. Computerized axial tomography (CT or CAT) uses x rays, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses magnet fields and radio-frequency signals. Both construct images using a computer. , and to heighten the awareness of the clinicians to these abnormalities. Emphasis will be on clinical presentation, developmental causes for these vascular anomalies, possible complications if they are uncorrected, and treatments. Furthermore, commonly used multirow detector CT and fast MR technique, and information on the multiplanar and three-dimensional appearance of these v ascular lesions will be presented. Examples of mediastinal vascular anomalies include left aortic arch, cervical aortic arch, right aortic arch right aortic arch a condition in which the fourth aortic arch on the right hand side may persist from the embryonic state instead of the left, causing a syndrome of persistent right aortic arch. with aberrant left subclavian artery, right arch with mirror-image branching, double aortic arch, aortic coarctation, persistent left superior vena cava, a double superior vena cava superior vena cava n. Abbr. SVC A large vein formed by the union of the two brachiocephalic veins and the azygos vein that receives blood from the head, neck, upper limbs, and chest, and empties into the right atrium of the heart. , retroaortic innominate vein, circumaortic innominate veins, interruption of the inferior vena cava inferior vena cava n. Abbr. IVC A large vein formed by the union of the two common iliac veins that receives blood from the lower limbs and the pelvic and abdominal viscera and empties into the right atrium of the heart. with azygos and hemiazygos continuation, pulmonary artery sling, congenital absence of the left pulmonary artery, pulmonary valvular stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus Patent Ductus Arteriosus Definition Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a heart defect that occurs when the ductus arteriosus (the temporary fetal blood vessel that connects the aorta and the pulmonary artery) does not close at birth. , pulmonary varix varix /va·rix/ (var´iks) pl. va´rices [L.] an enlarged tortuous vein, artery, or lymphatic vessel. aneurysmal varix a markedly dilated tortuous vessel. , and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return. Examples of pulmonary vascular abnormalities include congenital pulmonary venolobar syndrome, sequestration, and pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. In addition, anatomic abnormalities that may be confused with congenital mediastinal and pulmonary vascular anomalies are also included. |
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