Revised checklist of the vertebrates of Indiana.ABSTRACT. The vertebrate vertebrate, any animal having a backbone or spinal column. Verbrates can be traced back to the Silurian period. In the adults of nearly all forms the backbone consists of a series of vertebrae. All vertebrates belong to the subphylum Vertebrata of the phylum Chordata. fauna faunaAll the species of animals found in a particular region, period, or special environment. Five faunal realms, based on terrestrial animal species, are generally recognized: Holarctic, including Nearactic (North America) and Paleartic (Eurasia and northern Africa); of Indiana Indiana, state, United States Indiana, midwestern state in the N central United States. It is bordered by Lake Michigan and the state of Michigan (N), Ohio (E), Kentucky, across the Ohio R. (S), and Illinois (W). recorded since the time of European European emanating from or pertaining to Europe. European bat lyssavirus see lyssavirus. European beech tree fagussylvaticus. European blastomycosis see cryptococcosis. settlement numbers 208 fish, 38 amphibian amphibian, in zoology amphibian, in zoology, cold-blooded vertebrate animal of the class Amphibia. There are three living orders of amphibians: the frogs and toads (order Anura, or Salientia), the salamanders and newts (order Urodela, or Caudata), and the , 54 reptilian, 401 avian avian /avi·an/ (a´ve-an) of or pertaining to birds. a·vi·an adj. Of, relating to, or characteristic of birds. , and 68 mammalian mammalian emanating from or pertaining to mammals. species. Currently, 19 fish, 9 amphibian, 16 reptilian, 44 avian, and 13 mammalian species within the political boundaries Natural or artificial separations or divisions between adjoining properties that show their limits. Boundaries are used to establish private and public ownership by determining the exact location of the points at which one piece of land is distinguishable from another. of Indiana require protection due to man's impact. Within the last 200 years, 26 native vertebrate species in Indiana have become extinct or extirpated. These include 6 fish, 1 reptilian, 8 avian, and 11 mammalian species. The present vertebrate fauna of Indiana has 203 fish, 38 amphibian, 53 reptilian, 393 avian, and 57 mammalian species. Keywords Keywords are the words that are used to reveal the internal structure of an author's reasoning. While they are used primarily for rhetoric, they are also used in a strictly grammatical sense for structural composition, reasoning, and comprehension. : Indiana, fishes, reptiles reptiles terrestrial or aquatic vertebrates which breathe air through lungs and have a skin covering of horny scales. They are poikilothermic, oviparous or ovoviviparous, and, if they have legs they are short and constructed solely for crawling. , amphibians amphibians members of the animal class Amphibia. Includes frogs, toads, newts, salamanders and cecilians all capable of living on land or in water. , mammals The class Mammalia (the Mammals) is divided into two subclasses based on reproductive techniques: egg laying mammals (the Monotremes); and mammals which give live birth. The latter subclass is divided into two infraclasses: pouched mammals (the marsupials); and the placental mammals. , birds ********** The current listing is intended to provide a record of the extant ex·tant adj. 1. Still in existence; not destroyed, lost, or extinct: extant manuscripts. 2. Archaic Standing out; projecting. and extirpated vertebrates of Indiana over the last two centuries. The list was first published by Simon et al. (1993) and is updated here. It includes new information and taxonomic tax·o·nom·ic also tax·o·nom·i·cal adj. Of or relating to taxonomy: a taxonomic designation. tax changes. This is the first step in the efforts of the Biological Survey Committee of the Indiana Academy of Science to compile To translate a program written in a high-level programming language into machine language. See compiler. a listing of all the known species of biota biota /bi·o·ta/ (bi-o´tah) all the living organisms of a particular area; the combined flora and fauna of a region. bi·o·ta n. The flora and fauna of a region. in Indiana. The taxonomic and nomenclatural no·men·cla·ture n. 1. A system of names used in an art or science: the nomenclature of mineralogy. 2. sources used for the various taxa taxa: see taxon. include: Fish: American American, river, 30 mi (48 km) long, rising in N central Calif. in the Sierra Nevada and flowing SW into the Sacramento River at Sacramento. The discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill (see Sutter, John Augustus) along the river in 1848 led to the California gold rush of Fisheries fisheries. From earliest times and in practically all countries, fisheries have been of industrial and commercial importance. In the large N Atlantic fishing grounds off Newfoundland and Labrador, for example, European and North American fishing fleets have long Society (1991), Burr burr (bur) bur. burr n. Variant of bur. burr 1. a plant seed capsule carrying many hooked structures which catch in animal coats thus promoting dissemination of the plant. & Warren Warren. 1 City (1990 pop. 144,864), Macomb co., SE Mich., a suburb of Detroit; est. 1837, inc. as a city 1957. It is an important metalworking center where steel is processed. (1986), Mayden (1989), and Etnier & Starnes (1993); Amphibians and reptiles: Minton Minton, English family of potters. The first important member of the family was Thomas Minton, 1765–1836, who founded a small pottery at Stoke-on-Trent. He first engraved the famous willow-pattern ware. (1972, 2001), Collins (1990), and Conant Co·nant , James Bryant 1893-1978. American educator who was president of Harvard University (1933-1953) and served as ambassador to West Germany (1955-1957). & Collins (1991); Birds: American Ornithologists' Union The American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) an ornithological organization in the USA. Unlike the National Audubon Society, its members are primarily professional ornithologists rather than amateur birders. (1998); Mammals: Wilson Wilson, city (1990 pop. 36,930), seat of Wilson co., E N.C., in a rich agricultural region; inc. 1849. It is a commercial and industrial center with a large tobacco market. Manufactures include textile goods (especially clothing), metal products, and processed foods. & Reeder Reeder is the name of two places in the United States:
American social critic and writer whose works, such as The Culture of Cities (1938) and The Conduct of Life (1951), decry dehumanizing technology and call for a return to humanitarian and moral values. & Whitaker Whitaker is a surname and may refer to:
The following codes were established to facilitate documentation of the vertebrates of the state (Tables 1, 2). The general range in Indiana is indicated as: statewide (I), north (N), south (S), west (W), east (E), central (C), and various combinations of these regions. Relative abundance Abundance See also Fertility. Amalthea’s horn horn of Zeus’s nurse-goat which became a cornucopia. [Gk. Myth.: Walsh Classical, 19] cornucopia conical receptacle which symbolizes abundance. [Rom. Myth. refers to the general population levels of the species within the state. Depending on local and seasonal conditions, the population levels will vary. Relative abundance is broken down into four categories: A = abundant, C = common, O = occasional, and R = rare. Abundance categories vary based on size of the animal. Extirpated species (Ex) are listed along with the estimated date of disappearance Disappearance See also Abduction. Arden, Enoch missing for many years after being shipwrecked, returns to find his wife remarried. [Br. Poetry: “Enoch Arden”] Atlantis submerged legendary island kingdom; never located. . In some cases, this date refers to the last time a voucher A receipt or release which provides evidence of payment or other discharge of a debt, often for purposes of reimbursement, or attests to the accuracy of the accounts. record of the species was collected (Whitaker & Gammon 1988). The status of the species refers to the conservation designations The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please [ improve this article] or discuss the issue on the talk page. of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services Office of Endangered Species endangered species, any plant or animal species whose ability to survive and reproduce has been jeopardized by human activities. In 1999 the U.S. government, in accordance with the U.S. , Endangered en·dan·ger tr.v. en·dan·gered, en·dan·ger·ing, en·dan·gers 1. To expose to harm or danger; imperil. 2. To threaten with extinction. and Threatened Wildlife and Plants (USOFR 1996) and of the Indiana Department of Natural Resources The Indiana Department of Natural Resources is the agency of the U.S. state of Indiana charged with maintaining natural areas such as state parks, state forests, recreation areas, etc. summarized in Rare Animals of Indiana (Indiana Department of Natural Resources 1999). Federally endangered species are denoted as FE, threatened as FT, and candidates for federal listing as FC. State endangered species will be represented by three codes: state endangered (SE), state threatened (ST), and special concern in need of further study (SC). An additional designation DESIGNATION, wills. The expression used by a testator, instead of the name of the person or the thing he is desirous to name; for example, a legacy to. the eldest son of such a person, would be a designation of the legatee. Vide 1 Rop. Leg. ch. 2. 2. , exotic exotic not native, not indigenous. (X), is included for accidentally or deliberately de·lib·er·ate adj. 1. Done with or marked by full consciousness of the nature and effects; intentional: mistook the oversight for a deliberate insult. 2. released species. One additional code is included for birds (Table 2) to indicate main seasonal occurrence: S = summer resident, W = winter resident, R = year-round resident, M migrant mi·grant n. 1. One that moves from one region to another by chance, instinct, or plan. 2. An itinerant worker who travels from one area to another in search of work. adj. Migratory. , A = accidental accidental /ac·ci·den·tal/ (ak?si-den´t'l) 1. occurring by chance, unexpectedly, or unintentionally. 2. nonessential; not innate or intrinsic. , H = hypothetical Hypothetical is an adjective, meaning of or pertaining to a hypothesis. See:
1. a person with an animal enterprise involving the multiplication of the herd, flock or group. 2. a female animal used basically for the production of saleable young. and [*] = former breeders. The listing of birds has been greatly improved due to the establishment and work of the Indiana Bird Records Committee of the Indiana Audubon Audubon, borough (1990 pop. 9,205), Camden co., SW N.J., a suburb of Camden; inc. 1905. Audubon is mostly residential. It was named after John James Audubon, the ornithologist, who studied the birds of the area in 1829. Society. DISCUSSION The vertebrate fauna of Indiana recorded from the time of European settlement numbers 203 fish, 38 amphibian, 54 reptilian, 401 avian, and 68 mammalian species. Species first described as new from Indiana include 34 fish, 3 amphibians, 6 reptiles, and 2 mammals. Within the last 200 years, 26 native vertebrate species in Indiana have become extinct or extirpated. Of those lost, 6 species were fish; 1 was a reptile; 8 were birds; and 11 were mammals. Another 18 bird species (13 not including extirpated species) no longer nest in the state. Through accidental or deliberate Willful; purposeful; determined after thoughtful evaluation of all relevant factors; dispassionate. To act with a particular intent, which is derived from a careful consideration of factors that influence the choice to be made. release, 21 species of fish and 9 additional bird species have become established, although one of these bird species has been recently lost. Currently, 19 fish, 9 amphibian, 16 reptilian, 44 avian, and 13 mammalian species within the political boundaries of Indiana require protection due to man's impact. An additional 6 amphibian, 3 reptilian, 30 avian, and 2 mammalian species are considered hypothetical in occurrence in the state because spe cimens have not been collected. The present faunal fau·na n. pl. fau·nas or fau·nae 1. (used with a sing. or pl. verb) Animals, especially the animals of a particular region or period, considered as a group. 2. list for Indiana includes 203 fish, 38 amphibian, 53 reptile, 393 bird, and 57 mammal mammal, an animal of the highest class of vertebrates, the Mammalia. The female has mammary glands, which secrete milk for the nourishment of the young after birth. species.
Table 1
Checklist of the fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals of Indiana.
Range is indicated as statewide (I), north (N), south (S), west (W),
east (E), central (C), and various combi-nations. General abundance is
listed roughly as abundant (A), common (C), occasional (O), and rare
(R). Extirpated species (Ex) are given with approximate date of
extirpation. Status is listed as federally endangered (FE), federally
threatened (FT), and candidates for federal listing (FC). State
desig-nations are endangered (SE), threatened (ST), and special concern
(SC). Exotic or or introduced species are indicated by "X."
Range
CLASS OSTEICHTHYES
Order Petromyzontiformes
(lampreys)
Family Petromyzontidae (lamprey)
Ichthyomyzon bdellium (Jordon), W, S
Ohio lamprey
I. castaneus Girard, chestnut SW
lamprey
I. fossor Reighard & Cummins, NE
northern brook lamprey
I. unicuspis Hubbs & Trautman, W, S
silver lamprey
Lampetra aepyptera (Abbott), SW
least brook lamprey
L. appendix (DeKay), American NW
brook lamprey
Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, sea NW
lamprey
Order Acipenseriformes
(paddlefish, strugeons)
Family Acipenseridae (sturgeon)
Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, W, S
lake surgeon
Scaphirhynchus platorynchus W, SE
(Rafinesque), shovelnose
sturgeon
Family Polyodontidae (paddlefish)
Polyodon spathula (Walbaum), W, SE
paddlefish
Order Lepisosteiformes (gars)
Family Lepisosteidae (gars)
Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell, NE, SW
spotted gar
L. osseus Linnaeus, longnose gar I
L. platostomus Rafinesque, W, S
shortnose gar
Order Amiiformes (bowfin)
Family Amiidae (bowfin)
Amia calva Linnaeus, bowfin N, S
Order Osteoglossiformes (mooneye)
Family Hiodontidae (mooneye)
Hiodon alosoides (Rafinesque), S
goldeye
H. tergisus LeSueur, mooneye W, S
Order Anguilliformes (eels)
Family Anguillidae (eel)
Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur), W, S
American eel
Order Clupeiformes (herring, shad)
Family Clupeidae (herring)
Alosa chrysochloris W, S
(Rafinesque), skipjack herring
A. pseudoharengus (Wilson), NW
alewife
Dorosoma cepedianum (LeSueur), I
gizzard shad
D. petenense (Gunther), S
threadfin shad
Order Cypriniformes (carps and minnows)
Family Cyprinidae (carps and
(minnows)
Campostoma anomalum
(Rafinesque), stoneroller I
C. oligolepis Hubbs & Greene, N
largescale stoneroller
Carassius auratus (Linnaeus), I
goldfish
Clinostomus elongatus E
(Kirtland), redside dace
Couesius plumbeus (Agassiz), NW
lake chub
Ctenopharyngodon idella NW, C
(Valenciennes), grass carp
Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & NW
Girard), red shiner
C. spiloptera (Cope), spotfin I
shiner
C. whipplei Giard, steelcolor C, S
shiner
Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, carp I
Ericymba buccata Cope, I
silverjaw minnow
Erimystax dissimilis NW
(Kirtland), streamline chub
E. x-punctatus (Hubbs & Crow), W
gravel chub
Hybognathus hayi Jordan, SW
cypress minnow
H. nuchalis Agassiz, SC, SW
Mississippi silvery minnow
Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque), NW
bigeye chub
H. amnis (Hubbs & Greene), W
pallid shiner
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix SE, SW
(Valenciennes), silver carp
H. nobilis (Richardson), SW
bighead carp
Luxilus chrysocephalus I
Rafinesque, striped shiner
L. cornutus (Mitchill), common N
shiner
Lythrurus fasciolaris SE
(Gilbert), scarlet shiner
L. fumeus (Evermann), ribbon SW
shiner
L. umbratilis (Girard), redfin W, C
shiner
Macrhybopsis hyostoma W, S
(Gilbert), shoal chub
M. storeriana (Kirtland), W
silver chub
Nocomis biguttatus (Kirtland), N
hornyhead chub
N. micropogon (Cope), river NE, C
chub
Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill) I
golden shiner
Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque, I
emerald shiner
N. blennius (Girard), river shiner W, S
N. boops Gilbert, bigeye shiner C
N. buchanani Meek, ghost shiner NW, S
N. chalybaeus (Cope), ironcolor NW
shiner
N. dorsalis (Agassiz), bigmouth NW
shiner
N. heterodon (Cope), blackchin N
shiner
N. heterolepis Eigenmann & N
Eigenmann, blacknose shiner
N. hudsonius (Clinton), spottail NW
shiner
N. photogenis (Cope), silver C, SE
shiner
N. rubellus (Agassiz), rosyface N, C
shiner
N. shumardi (Girard), silverband SW
shiner
N. straminens (Girard), sand I
Shiner
N. texanus (Girard), weed shiner NW
N. valucellus (Cope), mimic shiner E, C, S
N. wickliffi Trautman, channel S
shiner
Opsopoeodus emiliae Hay, pugnose N, SW
minnow
Phenacobius mirabilis (Girard), C, S
suckermouth minnow
Phoxinus erythrogaster NW, C
(Rafinesque), southern redbelly
dace
Pimephales notatus (Rafinesque), I
bluntnose minnow
P. promelas Rafinesque, fathead N, SE
minnow
P. vigilax (Baird & Girard), W, S
bullhead minow
Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann), NW, C, SE
blacknose dace
R. cataractae (Valenciennes), N
longnose dace
Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill) I
creek chub
Scardinius erythrophthalmus NW
(Linnaeus), rudd
Family Catostomidae (suckers and
buffallo)
Carpiodes carpio (Rafinesque), W, S
river carpsucker
C. cyprinus (LeSueur), quillback I
C. velifer (Rafinesque), highfin W, S
carpsucker
Catostomus catostomus (Forster), NW
longnose sucker
C. commersoni (Lacepede), white I
sucker
Cycleptus elongatus (LeSueur), C, S
blue sucker
Erimyzon oblongus (Mitchill), NW, C, SW
creek chubsucker
E. sucetta (Lacepede), lake N
chubsucker
Hypentelium nigricans (LeSueur), N, C
northern hogsucker
Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque), W, S
smallmouth buffalo
I. cpribellus (Valenciennes), W, S
bigmouth buffalo
I. niger (Rafinesque), black NW, S
buffalo
Minytrema melanops (Rafinesque), NE, C
spotted sucker
Moxostoma anisurum (Rafinesque), N, C
silver redhorse
M. carinatum (Cope), river C
redhorse
M. duquesnei (LeSueur), black C
redhorse
M. erythrurum (Rafinesque), golden I
redhorse
M. macrolepidotum (LeSueur), I
shorthead redhorse
M. valenciennesi Jordan, greater N
redhorse
Order Siluriformes (bullhead and
catfish)
Family Ictaluridae (bullhead and
catfish)
Ameriurus catus (Linnaeus), white S
catfish
A. melas (Rafinesque), black I
bullhead
A. natalis (LeSueur), yellow I
bullhead
A. nebulosus (LeSueur), brown S
bullhead
Ictalurus furcatus (LeSueur), S
blue catfish
I. punctatus (Rafinesque), I
channel catfish
Norturus eleutherus Jordan, W, C
mountain madtom
N. flavus Rafinesque, stonecat I
N. gyrinus (Mitchill), tadpole I
madtom
N. miurus Jordan, brindled madtom C
N. nocturnus Jordan & Gilbert, W
frecled madtom
N. stigmosus Taylor, northern WC
madtom
Pylodictis olivaris (Rafinesque), I
flathead catfish
Order Salmoniformes (trout, slamon,
whitefish)
Family Esocidae (pikes)
Esox americanus Gmelin, grass pickerel
E. lucius Linnaeus, northern pike N
E. masquinongy Mitchill, S
muskellunge
Family Umbridae (mudminnows)
Umbra limi (Kirtland), central N
mudminnow
Family Osmeridae (smelt)
Osmerus mordax (Mitchill), NW
rainbow smelt
Family Salmonidate (salmon
and whitefish)
Coregonus artedi LeSueur,
cisco or lake herring NW
C. clupeaformis (Mitchill),
lake whitefish NW
C. hoyi (Milner), bloater NW
C. kiyi (Koelz), kiyi NW
C. zenithicus (Jordan & Evermann
shortjaw cisco NW
Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum),
coho salmon NW
O. mykiss (Walbaum), rainbow N
trout
O. Ishawytscha (Walbaum),
chinook salmon NW
Salmo salar Linnaeus,
Atlantic salmon NW
trout
(pirate perch)
Aphredoderus sayanus
(Gilliams), pirate perch N, SW
Family Amblyopsidae
(cavefish)
Amblyopsis spelaea (DeKay),
northern cavefish S
Typhilchthys subterraneus
Girard, southern cavefish S
Order Percopsiformes
Family Percopsidae
(trout-perch)
Percopsis omiscomaycus
(Walbaum), trout-perch NW, S
Order Gadiformes (cod)
Family Lotidae (freshwater
cod)
Lota lota (Linnaeus), burbot NW, WE
Order Cyprinodonitiformes
(topminnows, silversides)
Family Fundulidae (topminnows)
Fundulus catenatus (Storer),
northern studfish C
F. diaphanus (LeSuer),
banded killifish N
F. dispar (Agassiz), northern
starhead topminnow NW
F. notatus (Rafinesque),
blackstripe topminnow I
F. olivaceus (Storer),
blackspotted topminnow W, NE
Family Poeciliidae (live-bearing fishes)
Gambusia affinis
(Baird & Girard), mosquitofish W
Order Atheriniformes
Family Atherinidae (silversides)
Labidesthes sicculus (Cope), I
brook silverside
Menida beryllina (Cope), inland S
silverside
Order Mugiliformes
Family Mugilidae
Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, striped S
mullet
Order Gasterosteiformers S
(sticklebacks)
Family Gasterosteidae
(sticklebacks)
Culaea inconstans (Kirtland), N, SE
brook stickleback
Gasterosteus aculeatus, NW
Linnaeus, threespine stickleback
Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus), NW
ninespine stickleback
Order Scorpaeniformes
Family Cottidae (sculpins)
Cottus bairdi (Girard, mottled I
sculpin
C. carolinae (Gill), banded SC
sculpin
C. cognatus Richardson, slimy NW
sculpin
Myoxocephalus thompsoni (Girard), NW
deepwater sculpin
Order Perciformes (basses, sunfish,
perch, darters, gobies)
Family Moronidae (temperate
basses)
Morone americana (Gmelin), white NW
perch
M. chrysops (Rafinesque), white W
bass
M. mississippiensis Jordan & W, S
Eigenmann, yellow bass
M. saxatilis (Walbaum), striped S
bass
Family Elassomatidae (pygmy
sunfish)
Elassoma zonatum Jordan, banded SW
pygmy sunfish
Family Centrarchidae (black bass
and sunfish)
Ambloplites rupestris I
(Rafinesque), rock bass
Centrarchus macropterus SW
(Lacepede) flier
Lepomis cyanellus Ralinesque, I
green sunfish
L. gibbosus (Linnacus), I
pumpkinseed
L. gulosus (Cuvier), warmouth N
L. humilis (Girard), N
orangespotted sunfish
L. macrochirus Rafinesque, I
bluegill
L. megalotis (Rafinesque), I
longear sunfish
L. microlphus (Gunther), N, S
redear sunfish
L. miniatus Jordan, redspotted SW
sunfish
L. symmetricus Forbes, bantam W
sunfish
Micropterus dolomien Lacepede, I
smallmouth bass
M. punctulatus (Rafinesque), S
spotted bass
M. salmoides (Lacepede), I
largemouth bass
pomoxis annularis Rafinesque, I
white crappie
P. nigromaculatus (LeSueur), I
black crappie
Family Percidae
(perch and darters)
Ammocrypta clara Jordan & NW, S
Meek, western sand darter
A. pellucida (Agassiz), C, SW
eastern sand darter
Etheostoma asprigene (Forbes), S
mud darter
E. blennioides Rafinesque, C, E
greenside darter
E. caeruleum Storer, N, C
rainbow darter
E. camurum (Cope), C
bluebreast darter
E. chlorosoma (Hay), W
bluntnose darter
E. exile (Girard), lowa darter N
E. Flabellare Rafinesque, E, C
fantail darter
E. gracile (Girard), SW
slough darter
E. histrio Jordan & Gilbert, S
harlequin darter
E. maculatum Kirtland, C
spotted darter
E. microperca Jordan & Gilbert, N
least darter
E. nigrum Rafinesque, I
johnny darter
E. proeliare (Hay), S
cypress darter
E. spectabile (Agassiz), C
orangethroat darter
E. squamiceps Jordan, SW
spottail darter
E. tippecanoe Jordan & Evermann, C
Tippecanoe darter
E. variatum Kirtland, SW
variegate darter
E. zonale (Cope), banded darter NW, SE
Perca flavescens (Mitcheill), N
yelow perch
Percina caprodes (Rafinesque), I
logperch
P. copelandi (Jordan), C
channel darter
P. evides (Jordan & Copeland), C
gilt darter
P. maculata (Girard), blackside darter I
P. phoxocephala (Nelson), slenderhead darter C
P. Sciera (Swain), dusky darter C
P. Shumardi (Girard), river darter C, S
P. vigil (Hay), saddleback darter SW
Sander canadense (Griffith & Smith), sauger W, S
S. vitreus (Mitchill), walleye I
Family Sciaenidae (drum)
Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, freshwater drum I
Family Gobiidae
Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas), round goby NW
Extirpated:
Atractosteus spatula (Lacepede), alligator gar S
Alosa alabamae Jordan & Evermann, Alabama shad SW
Notropis anogenus Forbes, pugnose shiner NE
N. ariommus (Cope), popeye shiner WC
Coregonus nigripinnis (Gill), blackfin cisco NW
C. reighardi (Koelz), shortnose cisco NW
Esox masquinongy Mitchill, Great Lakes muskellunge N
Esox masquinongy from the Great Lakes is extirpated,
but another Ohio River form of
questionable status exists.
Lagochila lacera Jordan & Brayton, harelip sucker C
Crystallaria asprella Jordan, crystal darter S
Percina uranidea (Jordan & Gilbert), stargazing SW
darter
Despite past confusion between the two species
Percina uranidea and P. vigil, the two species did
occur in Indiana (but are now extirpated; C. Gilbert,
pers. comm.). Thompson & Cashner (1980) showed two
records for P. uranidea from Indiana and a
single record for P. vigil (as former name P.
ouachitae) in the 1980 Atlas of North
American Freshwater Fishes (Lee at al. 1980).
CLASS AMPHIBIA
Order Caudata (salamanders)
Family Cryptobranchidae (hellbenders)
Crytobranchus alleganiensis (Daudin) hellbender S
Family Proteidae (mudpuppies)
Necturus macidosus (Rafinesque), mudpuppy I
Family Ambystomatidae (mole salamanders)
Ambystoma barbouri Kraus & Petranka, streamside SE
salamander
A. jeffersonianum (Green), Jefferson's salamander SC
A. laterale Hallowell, blue-spotted salamander N
A. maculatum (Shaw), spotted salamander I
A. opacum (Gravenhorst), marbled salamander C, S
A. texanum (Matthes), smallmouth salamander I
A. tigrinum (Green), tiger salamander I
Family Salamandridae (newts)
Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque), eastern new I
Family Plethodontidae (lungless salamanders)
Aneides aeneus (Cope & Packard), green salamander SE
Desmognathus fuscus (Green), northern SE
dusky salamander
Eurycea cirrigera (Green), two-lined salamander C, S
E.longicauda (Green), longtail salamander S
E.lucifuga Rafinesque, cave salamander S
Hemidactylium scutatum (Schlegel), four-toed N, C
salamander
Plethodon cinereus (Green), redback salamander I
P. dorsails Cope, zigzag salamander C,S
P. glutinosus (Green), slimy salamander S,C
P. richmondi Netting & Mittleman, ravine SE
salamander
Pseudotriton ruber (Sonnini), northern red SC
salamander
Family Sirenidae (sirens)
Siren intermedia LeConte, lesser siren W
Order Anura (toads and frogs)
Family Pelobatidae (spadefoot toads)
Scaphiopus holbrookii (Harlan), eastern spadefoot S
Family Bufonidae (toads)
Bufo americanus Holbrook, American toad N,C,SE
B. fowleri Hinkley, Fowler's toad I
Family Hylidae (tree frogs)
Acris crepitans Baird, cricket frog I
Hyla claysoscelis Cope, Cope's gray tree frog I
H. versicolor LeConte, eastern gray treefrog I
Pseudacris crucifer Wied, I
spring peeper
P. triseriata (Wied), western I
chorus frog
Family Ranidae (true frogs)
Rana areolata Baird & Girard, W
crawfish frog
R. blairi Mecham et al., plains W
leopard frog
R. clamitans Latreille, green I
frog
R. catesbeiana Shaw, bullfrog I
R. pipiens Schreber, northern N, E
leopard frog
R. palustris LeConte, pickerel E, C, WC
frog
R. utricularia Harlan, southern S, C
leopard frog
R. sylvatica LeConte, wood frog I
Hypothetical
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus
(Green), spring salamander
Pseudacris brachyphona (Cope),
mountain chorus frog
Pseudotriton montanus Baird,
mud salamander
Gastrophryne carolinensis
(Holbrook), eastern
narrowmouth toad
Hyla cinerea (Schneider), green
treefrog
H. avivoca Viosca, bird-voiced
treefrog
CLASS REPTILIA
Order Testudines (turtles)
Family Chelydridae (snapping
turtles)
Chelydra serpentina Linnaeus, I
common snapping turtle
Macroclemys temminckii SW
(Troost), alligator snapping
turtle
Family Kinosternidae (musk and
mud turtles)
Kinosternon subrubrum NW, SW
(Lacepede), eastern mud
turtle)
Sternotherus odoratus I
(Latreille), common musk
turtle
Family Emydidae (box and water
turtles)
Chrysemys picts (Schneider), I
painted turtle
Clemmsys guttata (Schneider), N
spotted turtle
Emydoidea blandingii N
(Holbrook), Blanding's turtle
Graptemys geographica I
(LeSueur), map turtle
G. pseudogeographica (Gray), W, S
false map turtle
G. ouachitensis Cagle,
Ouachita map turtle
Pseudemys concinna (LeConte), SW
river cooter
Terrapene carolina (Linnaeus), I
eastern box turtle
T. ornata (Agassiz), ornate NW, SW
box turtle
Trachemys scripta (Schoepff), S, W
red-eared turtle
Family Trionychidae (softshell turtles)
Apalone mutica LeSueur, smooth softshell W, S
A. spinifera (LeSueur), spiny softshell I
Order Squamata (lizards and snakes)
Family Iguanidae (iguanids)
Sceloporus undulatus Latreille, eastern S
fence lizard
Family Anguidae (glass lizards)
Ophisaurus attenuatus Cope, NW
slender glass lizard
Family Teiidae (whiptails)
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus NW, SW
(Linnaeus), six-lined racerunner
Family Scincidae (skinks)
Eumeces fasciatus (Linnaeus), I
five-lined skink
E. laticeps (Schneider), broad- C, S
headed skink
Scincella lateralis (Say), ground skink S
Family Colubridae (common snakes)
Carphophis amoenus (Say), worm snake S
Cemophora coccinea (Blumenbach), scarlet S
snake
Coluber constrictor Linnaeus, black racer I
Clonophis kirtlandii (Kennicott), N, C, SE
Kirtland's snake
Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus), S
northern ringneck snake
Elaphe obsoleta (Say), black rat snake I
E. vulpina (Baird & Girard), NW
western fox snake
Heterodon platirhinos Latreille, I
eastern hognose snake
Lampropeltis calligaster W
(Harlan), prairie kingsnake
L. getulus (Linnaeus), common kingsnake S
L. triangulum (Lacepede), eastern I
milksnake
Nerodia erythrogaster (Forster), SW, NE, SC
northern copperbelly
N. rhombifer (Hallowell), SW
diamondback water snake
N. sipedon (Linnaeus), banded water snake I
Opheodrys aestivas (Linnaeus), S
rough green snake
O. vernalis (Harlan), smooth green snake NW
Pituophis catenifer (Blainville), NW, SW
bull snake
Regina septemvittata (Say), queen snake
Storeria dekayi (Holbrook), brown snake I
S. occipitomaculata (Storer), I
red-bellied snake
Tantilla coronata (Baird & Girard), S
crowned snake
Thamnophis butleri (Cope), Butler's NE, C
garter snake
T. proximus (Say), western ribbon snake NW, SW
T. radix (Baird & Girard), plains NW
garter snake
T. sauritus (Linnaeus), eastern I
ribbon snake
T. sirtalis (Linnaeus), common I
garter snake
Virginia valeriae Baird & Girard, S
western earth snake
Family Crotalidae (pit vipers)
Agkistrodon controtrix S, WC
(Linnaeus), northern copperhead
A. piscivorus Lacepede, cottonmouth S
Crotalus horridus Linnaeus, timber S
rattlesnake
Sistrurus catenatus (Rafinesque), N
eastern massasauga
Hypothetical:
Eumeces anthracinus (Baird), coal skink
Regina grahami Baird & Girard,
Graham's water snake
Tropidoclonian lineatum
(Hallowell), lined snake
Extirpated:
Farancia abacura (Holbrook), mud snake X
CLASS MAMMALIA
Order Didelphimorphia (American opossums)
Family Didelphidae (opossums)
Didelphis virginiana Kerr, opossum I
Order Insectivora (shrews and moles)
Family Soricidae (shrews)
Blarina brevicauda (Say), short-tailed I
shrew
Cryptotis parva (Say), least shrew I
Sorex cinereus Kerr, masked shrew N
S. fumeus Miller, smoky shrew SC
S. hoyi Baird, pygmy shrew SC
S. longirostris Bachman, southeastern SC
shrew
Family Talpidae (moles) S
Condylura cristata (Rafinesque) NE
star-nosed mole
Scalopus aquaticus (Linnaeus), I
eastern mole
Order Chiroptera (bats)
Family Vespertilionidae
(vespertilionid bats)
Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois), big I
brown bat
Lasionycteris noctivagans I
(LeConte), silver-haired bat
Lasiurus borealis (Muller), red bat I
L. cinereus (Beauvois), hoary bat I
Myotis austroriparius (Rhoads), SC
southeastern myotis
M. grisescens (Howell), gray myotis S
M. lucifugus (LeConte), little I
brown myotis
M. septentrionalis Trouessart, I
Northern myotis
M. sodalis Miller & Allen, I
Indiana myotis
Nycticeius humeralis S
(Rafinesque), evening bat
Pipistrellus subflavus (Cuvier), S
eastern pipistrelle
Corynorhinus rafinesquii SC
(Lesson), Rafinesque's big-eared bat
Order Lagomorpha (rabbits, hares, and pikas)
Family Leporidae (rabbits and hares)
Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman), SW
swamp rabbit
S. floridanus (Allen), cottontail rabbit I
Order Rodentia (rodents)
Family Sciuridae (squirrels)
Glaucomys volans (Linnaeus), I
southern flying squirrel
Marmota monax (Linnaeus), woodchuck I
Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin, gray I
squirrel
S. niger Linnaeus, for squirrel I
Spermophilus franklinii (Sabine), NW
Franklin's ground squirrel
S. tridecemlineatus (Mitchill), N
thirteen-lined ground squirrel
Tamias striatus (Linneaus), I
eastern chipmunk
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus N
(Erxleben), red squirrel
Family Geomyidae (pocket gophers)
Geomys bursarius (Shaw), plains NW
pocket gopher
Family Castoridae (beavers)
Castor canadensis Kuhl, beaver I
The beaver was extirpated by
1900 but was reintroduced.
Family Muridae (rats, voles, and mice)
Subfamily Sigmodontinae
Neotoma magister (Baird), SC
Allegheny woodrat
Peromyscus leucopus I
(Rafinesque), white-footed mouse
P. maniculatus (Wagner), deer mouse I
Reithrodontomys megalotis I
(Baird), western harvestmouse
Subfamily Arvicolinae
Microtus ochroguster (Wagner), I
prairie vole
M. pennsylvanicus (Ord), meadow vole I
M. pinetorum (LeConte), woodland vole I
Ondatra ziethicus (Linnaeus), muskrat I
Synaptomys cooperi Baird, I
southern bog lemming
Subfamily Murinae
Mus musculus Linnaeus, house mouse I
Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout), I
Norway rat
The black rat, Rattus rattus,
was extirpated about 1845 but
is not included above because
it was not native.
Family Dipodidae (Zapodinae) (jumping mice)
Zapus hudsonius (Zimmermann), I
meadow jumping mouse
Order Carnivora (canids)
Family Canidae (canids)
Canis latrans Say, coyote I
Urocyon cinereoargenteus I
(Schreber), gray fox
Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus), red fox I
Family Procyonidae (raccoons and allies)
Procyon lotor (Linnaeus), raccoon I
Family Mustelidae (weasels, badger, otter)
Lutra canadensis (Schrebder), river otter I
The river otter became extirpated in
1942, but was reintroduced between
1995 and 1999.
Mustela frenata Lichtenstein, I
long-tailed weasel
M. nivalis (Linnaeus), least weasel N
M. vison Schreber, mink I
Taxidea taxus (Schreber), badger I
Family Mephitidae (skunks) I
Mephitis mephitis (Schreber),
striped skunk
Family Felidae (cat)
Lynx rufus (Schreber), bobcat I
Order Artiodactyla
Family Cervidae (deer)
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann), I
white-tailed deer
The white-tailed deer was extirpated
by 1900 but was reintroduced
Hypothetical
Myotis leibi (Audubon &
Bachman), Leib's bat
Reithrodontomys humulis
(Audubon & Bachman), eastern harvest
mouse
Extirpated
Bison bison (Linnaeus), bison Ex (1830)
Canis lupus Linnacus, timber (gray) wolf Ex (1908)
C. rufus (Audubon & Bachman), red wolf Ex (1832)
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, elk (wapiti) Ex (1839)
Erethizon dorsatwn (Linnaeus), porcupine Ex (1918)
Felis concolor Linnacus, mountain lion Ex (1851)
Galo galo (Linnacus), wolverine Ex (1852)
Lynx lynx Kerr, lynx Ex (1832?)
Martes pennanti (Erxleben), fisher Ex (1859)
Spilogale putorius (Linnaeus), eastern Ex (1920?)
spotted skunk
Ursus americanus Pallas, black bear Ex (1850)
Relative
abundance
CLASS OSTEICHTHYES
Order Petromyzontiformes
(lampreys)
Family Petromyzontidae (lamprey)
Ichthyomyzon bdellium (Jordon), R
Ohio lamprey
I. castaneus Girard, chestnut O
lamprey
I. fossor Reighard & Cummins, R
northern brook lamprey
I. unicuspis Hubbs & Trautman, O
silver lamprey
Lampetra aepyptera (Abbott), R
least brook lamprey
L. appendix (DeKay), American O
brook lamprey
Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, sea O
lamprey
Order Acipenseriformes
(paddlefish, strugeons)
Family Acipenseridae (sturgeon)
Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, R
lake surgeon
Scaphirhynchus platorynchus O
(Rafinesque), shovelnose
sturgeon
Family Polyodontidae (paddlefish)
Polyodon spathula (Walbaum), O
paddlefish
Order Lepisosteiformes (gars)
Family Lepisosteidae (gars)
Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell, O
spotted gar
L. osseus Linnaeus, longnose gar C
L. platostomus Rafinesque, O
shortnose gar
Order Amiiformes (bowfin)
Family Amiidae (bowfin)
Amia calva Linnaeus, bowfin O
Order Osteoglossiformes (mooneye)
Family Hiodontidae (mooneye)
Hiodon alosoides (Rafinesque), O
goldeye
H. tergisus LeSueur, mooneye O
Order Anguilliformes (eels)
Family Anguillidae (eel)
Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur), R
American eel
Order Clupeiformes (herring, shad)
Family Clupeidae (herring)
Alosa chrysochloris C
(Rafinesque), skipjack herring
A. pseudoharengus (Wilson), A
alewife
Dorosoma cepedianum (LeSueur), A
gizzard shad
D. petenense (Gunther), C
threadfin shad
Order Cypriniformes (carps and minnows)
Family Cyprinidae (carps and
(minnows)
Campostoma anomalum
(Rafinesque), stoneroller A
C. oligolepis Hubbs & Greene, A
largescale stoneroller
Carassius auratus (Linnaeus), C
goldfish
Clinostomus elongatus R
(Kirtland), redside dace
Couesius plumbeus (Agassiz), R
lake chub
Ctenopharyngodon idella O
(Valenciennes), grass carp
Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & O
Girard), red shiner
C. spiloptera (Cope), spotfin A
shiner
C. whipplei Giard, steelcolor C
shiner
Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, carp A
Ericymba buccata Cope, C
silverjaw minnow
Erimystax dissimilis R
(Kirtland), streamline chub
E. x-punctatus (Hubbs & Crow), R
gravel chub
Hybognathus hayi Jordan, R
cypress minnow
H. nuchalis Agassiz, C
Mississippi silvery minnow
Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque), C
bigeye chub
H. amnis (Hubbs & Greene), R
pallid shiner
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix R
(Valenciennes), silver carp
H. nobilis (Richardson), O
bighead carp
Luxilus chrysocephalus A
Rafinesque, striped shiner
L. cornutus (Mitchill), common O
shiner
Lythrurus fasciolaris C
(Gilbert), scarlet shiner
L. fumeus (Evermann), ribbon R
shiner
L. umbratilis (Girard), redfin C
shiner
Macrhybopsis hyostoma O
(Gilbert), shoal chub
M. storeriana (Kirtland), C
silver chub
Nocomis biguttatus (Kirtland), C
hornyhead chub
N. micropogon (Cope), river C
chub
Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill) C
golden shiner
Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque, A
emerald shiner
N. blennius (Girard), river shiner C
N. boops Gilbert, bigeye shiner C
N. buchanani Meek, ghost shiner O
N. chalybaeus (Cope), ironcolor O
shiner
N. dorsalis (Agassiz), bigmouth R
shiner
N. heterodon (Cope), blackchin R
shiner
N. heterolepis Eigenmann & R
Eigenmann, blacknose shiner
N. hudsonius (Clinton), spottail A
shiner
N. photogenis (Cope), silver O
shiner
N. rubellus (Agassiz), rosyface C
shiner
N. shumardi (Girard), silverband C
shiner
N. straminens (Girard), sand A
Shiner
N. texanus (Girard), weed shiner R
N. valucellus (Cope), mimic shiner O
N. wickliffi Trautman, channel C
shiner
Opsopoeodus emiliae Hay, pugnose R
minnow
Phenacobius mirabilis (Girard), C
suckermouth minnow
Phoxinus erythrogaster O
(Rafinesque), southern redbelly
dace
Pimephales notatus (Rafinesque), A
bluntnose minnow
P. promelas Rafinesque, fathead C
minnow
P. vigilax (Baird & Girard), O
bullhead minow
Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann), C
blacknose dace
R. cataractae (Valenciennes), O
longnose dace
Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill) A
creek chub
Scardinius erythrophthalmus R
(Linnaeus), rudd
Family Catostomidae (suckers and
buffallo)
Carpiodes carpio (Rafinesque), C
river carpsucker
C. cyprinus (LeSueur), quillback C
C. velifer (Rafinesque), highfin O
carpsucker
Catostomus catostomus (Forster), R
longnose sucker
C. commersoni (Lacepede), white A
sucker
Cycleptus elongatus (LeSueur), O
blue sucker
Erimyzon oblongus (Mitchill), O
creek chubsucker
E. sucetta (Lacepede), lake O
chubsucker
Hypentelium nigricans (LeSueur), C
northern hogsucker
Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque), C
smallmouth buffalo
I. cpribellus (Valenciennes), O
bigmouth buffalo
I. niger (Rafinesque), black R
buffalo
Minytrema melanops (Rafinesque), C
spotted sucker
Moxostoma anisurum (Rafinesque), C
silver redhorse
M. carinatum (Cope), river O
redhorse
M. duquesnei (LeSueur), black C
redhorse
M. erythrurum (Rafinesque), golden A
redhorse
M. macrolepidotum (LeSueur), A
shorthead redhorse
M. valenciennesi Jordan, greater R
redhorse
Order Siluriformes (bullhead and
catfish)
Family Ictaluridae (bullhead and
catfish)
Ameriurus catus (Linnaeus), white O
catfish
A. melas (Rafinesque), black A
bullhead
A. natalis (LeSueur), yellow A
bullhead
A. nebulosus (LeSueur), brown C
bullhead
Ictalurus furcatus (LeSueur), O
blue catfish
I. punctatus (Rafinesque), C
channel catfish
Norturus eleutherus Jordan, O
mountain madtom
N. flavus Rafinesque, stonecat C
N. gyrinus (Mitchill), tadpole C
madtom
N. miurus Jordan, brindled madtom O
N. nocturnus Jordan & Gilbert, O
frecled madtom
N. stigmosus Taylor, northern R
madtom
Pylodictis olivaris (Rafinesque), C
flathead catfish
Order Salmoniformes (trout, slamon,
whitefish)
Family Esocidae (pikes)
Esox americanus Gmelin, grass pickerel C
E. lucius Linnaeus, northern pike O
E. masquinongy Mitchill, O
muskellunge
Family Umbridae (mudminnows)
Umbra limi (Kirtland), central A
mudminnow
Family Osmeridae (smelt)
Osmerus mordax (Mitchill), C
rainbow smelt
Family Salmonidate (salmon
and whitefish)
Coregonus artedi LeSueur,
cisco or lake herring R
C. clupeaformis (Mitchill),
lake whitefish C
C. hoyi (Milner), bloater R
C. kiyi (Koelz), kiyi R
C. zenithicus (Jordan & Evermann
shortjaw cisco R
Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum),
coho salmon C
O. mykiss (Walbaum), rainbow C
trout
O. Ishawytscha (Walbaum),
chinook salmon C
Salmo salar Linnaeus,
Atlantic salmon O
trout
(pirate perch)
Aphredoderus sayanus
(Gilliams), pirate perch C
Family Amblyopsidae
(cavefish)
Amblyopsis spelaea (DeKay),
northern cavefish R
Typhilchthys subterraneus
Girard, southern cavefish R
Order Percopsiformes
Family Percopsidae
(trout-perch)
Percopsis omiscomaycus
(Walbaum), trout-perch R
Order Gadiformes (cod)
Family Lotidae (freshwater
cod)
Lota lota (Linnaeus), burbot O
Order Cyprinodonitiformes
(topminnows, silversides)
Family Fundulidae (topminnows)
Fundulus catenatus (Storer),
northern studfish C
F. diaphanus (LeSuer),
banded killifish C
F. dispar (Agassiz), northern
starhead topminnow C
F. notatus (Rafinesque),
blackstripe topminnow A
F. olivaceus (Storer),
blackspotted topminnow R
Family Poeciliidae (live-bearing fishes)
Gambusia affinis
(Baird & Girard), mosquitofish O
Order Atheriniformes
Family Atherinidae (silversides)
Labidesthes sicculus (Cope), C
brook silverside
Menida beryllina (Cope), inland R
silverside
Order Mugiliformes
Family Mugilidae
Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, striped R
mullet
Order Gasterosteiformers R
(sticklebacks)
Family Gasterosteidae
(sticklebacks)
Culaea inconstans (Kirtland), C
brook stickleback
Gasterosteus aculeatus, O
Linnaeus, threespine stickleback
Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus), O
ninespine stickleback
Order Scorpaeniformes
Family Cottidae (sculpins)
Cottus bairdi (Girard, mottled C
sculpin
C. carolinae (Gill), banded O
sculpin
C. cognatus Richardson, slimy R
sculpin
Myoxocephalus thompsoni (Girard), R
deepwater sculpin
Order Perciformes (basses, sunfish,
perch, darters, gobies)
Family Moronidae (temperate
basses)
Morone americana (Gmelin), white R
perch
M. chrysops (Rafinesque), white C
bass
M. mississippiensis Jordan & O
Eigenmann, yellow bass
M. saxatilis (Walbaum), striped O
bass
Family Elassomatidae (pygmy
sunfish)
Elassoma zonatum Jordan, banded R
pygmy sunfish
Family Centrarchidae (black bass
and sunfish)
Ambloplites rupestris C
(Rafinesque), rock bass
Centrarchus macropterus O
(Lacepede) flier
Lepomis cyanellus Ralinesque, A
green sunfish
L. gibbosus (Linnacus), C
pumpkinseed
L. gulosus (Cuvier), warmouth C
L. humilis (Girard), O
orangespotted sunfish
L. macrochirus Rafinesque, A
bluegill
L. megalotis (Rafinesque), A
longear sunfish
L. microlphus (Gunther), C
redear sunfish
L. miniatus Jordan, redspotted R
sunfish
L. symmetricus Forbes, bantam R
sunfish
Micropterus dolomien Lacepede, A
smallmouth bass
M. punctulatus (Rafinesque), A
spotted bass
M. salmoides (Lacepede), A
largemouth bass
pomoxis annularis Rafinesque, C
white crappie
P. nigromaculatus (LeSueur), C
black crappie
Family Percidae
(perch and darters)
Ammocrypta clara Jordan & O
Meek, western sand darter
A. pellucida (Agassiz), O
eastern sand darter
Etheostoma asprigene (Forbes), C
mud darter
E. blennioides Rafinesque, C
greenside darter
E. caeruleum Storer, C
rainbow darter
E. camurum (Cope), R
bluebreast darter
E. chlorosoma (Hay), R
bluntnose darter
E. exile (Girard), lowa darter O
E. Flabellare Rafinesque, C
fantail darter
E. gracile (Girard), O
slough darter
E. histrio Jordan & Gilbert, R
harlequin darter
E. maculatum Kirtland, R
spotted darter
E. microperca Jordan & Gilbert, C
least darter
E. nigrum Rafinesque, A
johnny darter
E. proeliare (Hay), R
cypress darter
E. spectabile (Agassiz), A
orangethroat darter
E. squamiceps Jordan, R
spottail darter
E. tippecanoe Jordan & Evermann, R
Tippecanoe darter
E. variatum Kirtland, R
variegate darter
E. zonale (Cope), banded darter C
Perca flavescens (Mitcheill), C
yelow perch
Percina caprodes (Rafinesque), C
logperch
P. copelandi (Jordan), R
channel darter
P. evides (Jordan & Copeland), O
gilt darter
P. maculata (Girard), blackside darter C
P. phoxocephala (Nelson), slenderhead darter C
P. Sciera (Swain), dusky darter C
P. Shumardi (Girard), river darter O
P. vigil (Hay), saddleback darter R
Sander canadense (Griffith & Smith), sauger C
S. vitreus (Mitchill), walleye C
Family Sciaenidae (drum)
Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, freshwater drum C
Family Gobiidae
Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas), round goby A
Extirpated:
Atractosteus spatula (Lacepede), alligator gar 1976
Alosa alabamae Jordan & Evermann, Alabama shad 1902
Notropis anogenus Forbes, pugnose shiner 1945
N. ariommus (Cope), popeye shiner 1894
Coregonus nigripinnis (Gill), blackfin cisco ?
C. reighardi (Koelz), shortnose cisco 1972
Esox masquinongy Mitchill, Great Lakes muskellunge 1910
Esox masquinongy from the Great Lakes is extirpated,
but another Ohio River form of
questionable status exists.
Lagochila lacera Jordan & Brayton, harelip sucker 1893
Crystallaria asprella Jordan, crystal darter 1892-95
Percina uranidea (Jordan & Gilbert), stargazing 1920
darter
Despite past confusion between the two species
Percina uranidea and P. vigil, the two species did
occur in Indiana (but are now extirpated; C. Gilbert,
pers. comm.). Thompson & Cashner (1980) showed two
records for P. uranidea from Indiana and a
single record for P. vigil (as former name P.
ouachitae) in the 1980 Atlas of North
American Freshwater Fishes (Lee at al. 1980).
CLASS AMPHIBIA
Order Caudata (salamanders)
Family Cryptobranchidae (hellbenders)
Crytobranchus alleganiensis (Daudin) hellbender R
Family Proteidae (mudpuppies)
Necturus macidosus (Rafinesque), mudpuppy O
Family Ambystomatidae (mole salamanders)
Ambystoma barbouri Kraus & Petranka, streamside C
salamander
A. jeffersonianum (Green), Jefferson's salamander O
A. laterale Hallowell, blue-spotted salamander O
A. maculatum (Shaw), spotted salamander C
A. opacum (Gravenhorst), marbled salamander C
A. texanum (Matthes), smallmouth salamander A
A. tigrinum (Green), tiger salamander C
Family Salamandridae (newts)
Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque), eastern new O
Family Plethodontidae (lungless salamanders)
Aneides aeneus (Cope & Packard), green salamander R
Desmognathus fuscus (Green), northern O
dusky salamander
Eurycea cirrigera (Green), two-lined salamander A
E.longicauda (Green), longtail salamander C
E.lucifuga Rafinesque, cave salamander C
Hemidactylium scutatum (Schlegel), four-toed R
salamander
Plethodon cinereus (Green), redback salamander A
P. dorsails Cope, zigzag salamander C
P. glutinosus (Green), slimy salamander C
P. richmondi Netting & Mittleman, ravine O
salamander
Pseudotriton ruber (Sonnini), northern red R
salamander
Family Sirenidae (sirens)
Siren intermedia LeConte, lesser siren O
Order Anura (toads and frogs)
Family Pelobatidae (spadefoot toads)
Scaphiopus holbrookii (Harlan), eastern spadefoot O
Family Bufonidae (toads)
Bufo americanus Holbrook, American toad C
B. fowleri Hinkley, Fowler's toad C
Family Hylidae (tree frogs)
Acris crepitans Baird, cricket frog C
Hyla claysoscelis Cope, Cope's gray tree frog A
H. versicolor LeConte, eastern gray treefrog A
Pseudacris crucifer Wied, C
spring peeper
P. triseriata (Wied), western A
chorus frog
Family Ranidae (true frogs)
Rana areolata Baird & Girard, O
crawfish frog
R. blairi Mecham et al., plains R
leopard frog
R. clamitans Latreille, green C
frog
R. catesbeiana Shaw, bullfrog A
R. pipiens Schreber, northern C
leopard frog
R. palustris LeConte, pickerel O
frog
R. utricularia Harlan, southern C
leopard frog
R. sylvatica LeConte, wood frog O
Hypothetical
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus
(Green), spring salamander
Pseudacris brachyphona (Cope),
mountain chorus frog
Pseudotriton montanus Baird,
mud salamander
Gastrophryne carolinensis
(Holbrook), eastern
narrowmouth toad
Hyla cinerea (Schneider), green
treefrog
H. avivoca Viosca, bird-voiced
treefrog
CLASS REPTILIA
Order Testudines (turtles)
Family Chelydridae (snapping
turtles)
Chelydra serpentina Linnaeus, A
common snapping turtle
Macroclemys temminckii R
(Troost), alligator snapping
turtle
Family Kinosternidae (musk and
mud turtles)
Kinosternon subrubrum R
(Lacepede), eastern mud
turtle)
Sternotherus odoratus A
(Latreille), common musk
turtle
Family Emydidae (box and water
turtles)
Chrysemys picts (Schneider), A
painted turtle
Clemmsys guttata (Schneider), O
spotted turtle
Emydoidea blandingii O
(Holbrook), Blanding's turtle
Graptemys geographica C
(LeSueur), map turtle
G. pseudogeographica (Gray), O
false map turtle
G. ouachitensis Cagle,
Ouachita map turtle
Pseudemys concinna (LeConte), 1950
river cooter
Terrapene carolina (Linnaeus), C
eastern box turtle
T. ornata (Agassiz), ornate O
box turtle
Trachemys scripta (Schoepff), C
red-eared turtle
Family Trionychidae (softshell turtles)
Apalone mutica LeSueur, smooth softshell O
A. spinifera (LeSueur), spiny softshell C
Order Squamata (lizards and snakes)
Family Iguanidae (iguanids)
Sceloporus undulatus Latreille, eastern C
fence lizard
Family Anguidae (glass lizards)
Ophisaurus attenuatus Cope, R
slender glass lizard
Family Teiidae (whiptails)
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus O
(Linnaeus), six-lined racerunner
Family Scincidae (skinks)
Eumeces fasciatus (Linnaeus), C
five-lined skink
E. laticeps (Schneider), broad- O
headed skink
Scincella lateralis (Say), ground skink O
Family Colubridae (common snakes)
Carphophis amoenus (Say), worm snake O
Cemophora coccinea (Blumenbach), scarlet R
snake
Coluber constrictor Linnaeus, black racer C
Clonophis kirtlandii (Kennicott), O
Kirtland's snake
Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus), O
northern ringneck snake
Elaphe obsoleta (Say), black rat snake C
E. vulpina (Baird & Girard), C
western fox snake
Heterodon platirhinos Latreille, C
eastern hognose snake
Lampropeltis calligaster O
(Harlan), prairie kingsnake
L. getulus (Linnaeus), common kingsnake O
L. triangulum (Lacepede), eastern C
milksnake
Nerodia erythrogaster (Forster), O
northern copperbelly
N. rhombifer (Hallowell), O
diamondback water snake
N. sipedon (Linnaeus), banded water snake A
Opheodrys aestivas (Linnaeus), O
rough green snake
O. vernalis (Harlan), smooth green snake R
Pituophis catenifer (Blainville), O
bull snake
Regina septemvittata (Say), queen snake
Storeria dekayi (Holbrook), brown snake C
S. occipitomaculata (Storer), O
red-bellied snake
Tantilla coronata (Baird & Girard), R
crowned snake
Thamnophis butleri (Cope), Butler's R
garter snake
T. proximus (Say), western ribbon snake O
T. radix (Baird & Girard), plains O
garter snake
T. sauritus (Linnaeus), eastern O
ribbon snake
T. sirtalis (Linnaeus), common A
garter snake
Virginia valeriae Baird & Girard, O
western earth snake
Family Crotalidae (pit vipers)
Agkistrodon controtrix O
(Linnaeus), northern copperhead
A. piscivorus Lacepede, cottonmouth R
Crotalus horridus Linnaeus, timber R
rattlesnake
Sistrurus catenatus (Rafinesque), R
eastern massasauga
Hypothetical:
Eumeces anthracinus (Baird), coal skink
Regina grahami Baird & Girard,
Graham's water snake
Tropidoclonian lineatum
(Hallowell), lined snake
Extirpated:
Farancia abacura (Holbrook), mud snake 1984
CLASS MAMMALIA
Order Didelphimorphia (American opossums)
Family Didelphidae (opossums)
Didelphis virginiana Kerr, opossum A
Order Insectivora (shrews and moles)
Family Soricidae (shrews)
Blarina brevicauda (Say), short-tailed A
shrew
Cryptotis parva (Say), least shrew O
Sorex cinereus Kerr, masked shrew C
S. fumeus Miller, smoky shrew O
S. hoyi Baird, pygmy shrew O
S. longirostris Bachman, southeastern O
shrew
Family Talpidae (moles) O
Condylura cristata (Rafinesque) R
star-nosed mole
Scalopus aquaticus (Linnaeus), A
eastern mole
Order Chiroptera (bats)
Family Vespertilionidae
(vespertilionid bats)
Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois), big A
brown bat
Lasionycteris noctivagans O
(LeConte), silver-haired bat
Lasiurus borealis (Muller), red bat A
L. cinereus (Beauvois), hoary bat O
Myotis austroriparius (Rhoads), R
southeastern myotis
M. grisescens (Howell), gray myotis R
M. lucifugus (LeConte), little C
brown myotis
M. septentrionalis Trouessart, C
Northern myotis
M. sodalis Miller & Allen, O
Indiana myotis
Nycticeius humeralis O
(Rafinesque), evening bat
Pipistrellus subflavus (Cuvier), C
eastern pipistrelle
Corynorhinus rafinesquii R
(Lesson), Rafinesque's big-eared bat
Order Lagomorpha (rabbits, hares, and pikas)
Family Leporidae (rabbits and hares)
Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman), R
swamp rabbit
S. floridanus (Allen), cottontail rabbit A
Order Rodentia (rodents)
Family Sciuridae (squirrels)
Glaucomys volans (Linnaeus), C
southern flying squirrel
Marmota monax (Linnaeus), woodchuck C
Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin, gray C
squirrel
S. niger Linnaeus, for squirrel A
Spermophilus franklinii (Sabine), R
Franklin's ground squirrel
S. tridecemlineatus (Mitchill), C
thirteen-lined ground squirrel
Tamias striatus (Linneaus), A
eastern chipmunk
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus C
(Erxleben), red squirrel
Family Geomyidae (pocket gophers)
Geomys bursarius (Shaw), plains C
pocket gopher
Family Castoridae (beavers)
Castor canadensis Kuhl, beaver C
The beaver was extirpated by
1900 but was reintroduced.
Family Muridae (rats, voles, and mice)
Subfamily Sigmodontinae
Neotoma magister (Baird), R
Allegheny woodrat
Peromyscus leucopus A
(Rafinesque), white-footed mouse
P. maniculatus (Wagner), deer mouse C
Reithrodontomys megalotis C
(Baird), western harvestmouse
Subfamily Arvicolinae
Microtus ochroguster (Wagner), C
prairie vole
M. pennsylvanicus (Ord), meadow vole C
M. pinetorum (LeConte), woodland vole O
Ondatra ziethicus (Linnaeus), muskrat A
Synaptomys cooperi Baird, O
southern bog lemming
Subfamily Murinae
Mus musculus Linnaeus, house mouse A
Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout), A
Norway rat
The black rat, Rattus rattus,
was extirpated about 1845 but
is not included above because
it was not native.
Family Dipodidae (Zapodinae) (jumping mice)
Zapus hudsonius (Zimmermann), O
meadow jumping mouse
Order Carnivora (canids)
Family Canidae (canids)
Canis latrans Say, coyote C
Urocyon cinereoargenteus O
(Schreber), gray fox
Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus), red fox O
Family Procyonidae (raccoons and allies)
Procyon lotor (Linnaeus), raccoon A
Family Mustelidae (weasels, badger, otter)
Lutra canadensis (Schrebder), river otter R
The river otter became extirpated in
1942, but was reintroduced between
1995 and 1999.
Mustela frenata Lichtenstein, O
long-tailed weasel
M. nivalis (Linnaeus), least weasel R
M. vison Schreber, mink O
Taxidea taxus (Schreber), badger R
Family Mephitidae (skunks)
Mephitis mephitis (Schreber), C
striped skunk
Family Felidae (cat)
Lynx rufus (Schreber), bobcat R
Order Artiodactyla
Family Cervidae (deer)
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann), A
white-tailed deer
The white-tailed deer was extirpated
by 1900 but was reintroduced
Hypothetical
Myotis leibi (Audubon &
Bachman), Leib's bat
Reithrodontomys humulis
(Audubon & Bachman), eastern harvest
mouse
Extirpated
Bison bison (Linnaeus), bison
Canis lupus Linnacus, timber (gray) wolf
C. rufus (Audubon & Bachman), red wolf
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, elk (wapiti)
Erethizon dorsatwn (Linnaeus), porcupine
Felis concolor Linnacus, mountain lion
Galo galo (Linnacus), wolverine
Lynx lynx Kerr, lynx
Martes pennanti (Erxleben), fisher
Spilogale putorius (Linnaeus), eastern
spotted skunk
Ursus americanus Pallas, black bear
Status
CLASS OSTEICHTHYES
Order Petromyzontiformes
(lampreys)
Family Petromyzontidae (lamprey)
Ichthyomyzon bdellium (Jordon),
Ohio lamprey
I. castaneus Girard, chestnut
lamprey
I. fossor Reighard & Cummins,
northern brook lamprey
I. unicuspis Hubbs & Trautman,
silver lamprey
Lampetra aepyptera (Abbott),
least brook lamprey
L. appendix (DeKay), American
brook lamprey
Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, sea X
lamprey
Order Acipenseriformes
(paddlefish, strugeons)
Family Acipenseridae (sturgeon)
Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, SE
lake surgeon
Scaphirhynchus platorynchus
(Rafinesque), shovelnose
sturgeon
Family Polyodontidae (paddlefish)
Polyodon spathula (Walbaum),
paddlefish
Order Lepisosteiformes (gars)
Family Lepisosteidae (gars)
Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell,
spotted gar
L. osseus Linnaeus, longnose gar
L. platostomus Rafinesque,
shortnose gar
Order Amiiformes (bowfin)
Family Amiidae (bowfin)
Amia calva Linnaeus, bowfin
Order Osteoglossiformes (mooneye)
Family Hiodontidae (mooneye)
Hiodon alosoides (Rafinesque),
goldeye
H. tergisus LeSueur, mooneye
Order Anguilliformes (eels)
Family Anguillidae (eel)
Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur),
American eel
Order Clupeiformes (herring, shad)
Family Clupeidae (herring)
Alosa chrysochloris
(Rafinesque), skipjack herring
A. pseudoharengus (Wilson), X
alewife
Dorosoma cepedianum (LeSueur),
gizzard shad
D. petenense (Gunther), X
threadfin shad
Order Cypriniformes (carps and minnows)
Family Cyprinidae (carps and
(minnows)
Campostoma anomalum
(Rafinesque), stoneroller
C. oligolepis Hubbs & Greene,
largescale stoneroller
Carassius auratus (Linnaeus), X
goldfish
Clinostomus elongatus ST
(Kirtland), redside dace
Couesius plumbeus (Agassiz),
lake chub
Ctenopharyngodon idella X
(Valenciennes), grass carp
Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & X
Girard), red shiner
C. spiloptera (Cope), spotfin
shiner
C. whipplei Giard, steelcolor
shiner
Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, carp X
Ericymba buccata Cope,
silverjaw minnow
Erimystax dissimilis
(Kirtland), streamline chub
E. x-punctatus (Hubbs & Crow),
gravel chub
Hybognathus hayi Jordan,
cypress minnow
H. nuchalis Agassiz,
Mississippi silvery minnow
Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque),
bigeye chub
H. amnis (Hubbs & Greene), SE
pallid shiner
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix X
(Valenciennes), silver carp
H. nobilis (Richardson), X
bighead carp
Luxilus chrysocephalus
Rafinesque, striped shiner
L. cornutus (Mitchill), common
shiner
Lythrurus fasciolaris
(Gilbert), scarlet shiner
L. fumeus (Evermann), ribbon
shiner
L. umbratilis (Girard), redfin
shiner
Macrhybopsis hyostoma
(Gilbert), shoal chub
M. storeriana (Kirtland),
silver chub
Nocomis biguttatus (Kirtland),
hornyhead chub
N. micropogon (Cope), river
chub
Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill)
golden shiner
Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque,
emerald shiner
N. blennius (Girard), river shiner
N. boops Gilbert, bigeye shiner
N. buchanani Meek, ghost shiner
N. chalybaeus (Cope), ironcolor
shiner
N. dorsalis (Agassiz), bigmouth SE
shiner
N. heterodon (Cope), blackchin
shiner
N. heterolepis Eigenmann &
Eigenmann, blacknose shiner
N. hudsonius (Clinton), spottail
shiner
N. photogenis (Cope), silver
shiner
N. rubellus (Agassiz), rosyface
shiner
N. shumardi (Girard), silverband
shiner
N. straminens (Girard), sand
Shiner
N. texanus (Girard), weed shiner
N. valucellus (Cope), mimic shiner
N. wickliffi Trautman, channel
shiner
Opsopoeodus emiliae Hay, pugnose
minnow
Phenacobius mirabilis (Girard),
suckermouth minnow
Phoxinus erythrogaster
(Rafinesque), southern redbelly
dace
Pimephales notatus (Rafinesque),
bluntnose minnow
P. promelas Rafinesque, fathead
minnow
P. vigilax (Baird & Girard),
bullhead minow
Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann),
blacknose dace
R. cataractae (Valenciennes),
longnose dace
Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill)
creek chub
Scardinius erythrophthalmus X
(Linnaeus), rudd
Family Catostomidae (suckers and
buffallo)
Carpiodes carpio (Rafinesque),
river carpsucker
C. cyprinus (LeSueur), quillback
C. velifer (Rafinesque), highfin
carpsucker
Catostomus catostomus (Forster),
longnose sucker
C. commersoni (Lacepede), white
sucker
Cycleptus elongatus (LeSueur), FC
blue sucker
Erimyzon oblongus (Mitchill),
creek chubsucker
E. sucetta (Lacepede), lake
chubsucker
Hypentelium nigricans (LeSueur),
northern hogsucker
Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque),
smallmouth buffalo
I. cpribellus (Valenciennes),
bigmouth buffalo
I. niger (Rafinesque), black
buffalo
Minytrema melanops (Rafinesque),
spotted sucker
Moxostoma anisurum (Rafinesque),
silver redhorse
M. carinatum (Cope), river
redhorse
M. duquesnei (LeSueur), black
redhorse
M. erythrurum (Rafinesque), golden
redhorse
M. macrolepidotum (LeSueur),
shorthead redhorse
M. valenciennesi Jordan, greater SE
redhorse
Order Siluriformes (bullhead and
catfish)
Family Ictaluridae (bullhead and
catfish)
Ameriurus catus (Linnaeus), white X
catfish
A. melas (Rafinesque), black
bullhead
A. natalis (LeSueur), yellow
bullhead
A. nebulosus (LeSueur), brown
bullhead
Ictalurus furcatus (LeSueur),
blue catfish
I. punctatus (Rafinesque),
channel catfish
Norturus eleutherus Jordan,
mountain madtom
N. flavus Rafinesque, stonecat
N. gyrinus (Mitchill), tadpole
madtom
N. miurus Jordan, brindled madtom
N. nocturnus Jordan & Gilbert,
frecled madtom
N. stigmosus Taylor, northern
madtom
Pylodictis olivaris (Rafinesque),
flathead catfish
Order Salmoniformes (trout, slamon,
whitefish)
Family Esocidae (pikes)
Esox americanus Gmelin, grass pickerel
E. lucius Linnaeus, northern pike
E. masquinongy Mitchill,
muskellunge
Family Umbridae (mudminnows)
Umbra limi (Kirtland), central
mudminnow
Family Osmeridae (smelt)
Osmerus mordax (Mitchill), X
rainbow smelt
Family Salmonidate (salmon
and whitefish)
Coregonus artedi LeSueur,
cisco or lake herring SC
C. clupeaformis (Mitchill),
lake whitefish SE
C. hoyi (Milner), bloater
C. kiyi (Koelz), kiyi
C. zenithicus (Jordan & Evermann
shortjaw cisco
Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum),
coho salmon X
O. mykiss (Walbaum), rainbow X
trout
O. Ishawytscha (Walbaum),
chinook salmon X
Salmo salar Linnaeus,
Atlantic salmon X
trout
(pirate perch)
Aphredoderus sayanus
(Gilliams), pirate perch
Family Amblyopsidae
(cavefish)
Amblyopsis spelaea (DeKay),
northern cavefish
Typhilchthys subterraneus
Girard, southern cavefish
Order Percopsiformes
Family Percopsidae
(trout-perch)
Percopsis omiscomaycus
(Walbaum), trout-perch
Order Gadiformes (cod)
Family Lotidae (freshwater
cod)
Lota lota (Linnaeus), burbot
Order Cyprinodonitiformes
(topminnows, silversides)
Family Fundulidae (topminnows)
Fundulus catenatus (Storer),
northern studfish
F. diaphanus (LeSuer),
banded killifish
F. dispar (Agassiz), northern
starhead topminnow
F. notatus (Rafinesque),
blackstripe topminnow
F. olivaceus (Storer),
blackspotted topminnow
Family Poeciliidae (live-bearing fishes)
Gambusia affinis
(Baird & Girard), mosquitofish
Order Atheriniformes
Family Atherinidae (silversides)
Labidesthes sicculus (Cope),
brook silverside
Menida beryllina (Cope), inland X
silverside
Order Mugiliformes
Family Mugilidae
Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, striped X
mullet
Order Gasterosteiformers X
(sticklebacks)
Family Gasterosteidae
(sticklebacks)
Culaea inconstans (Kirtland), X
brook stickleback
Gasterosteus aculeatus, X
Linnaeus, threespine stickleback
Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus),
ninespine stickleback
Order Scorpaeniformes
Family Cottidae (sculpins)
Cottus bairdi (Girard, mottled
sculpin
C. carolinae (Gill), banded
sculpin
C. cognatus Richardson, slimy
sculpin
Myoxocephalus thompsoni (Girard),
deepwater sculpin
Order Perciformes (basses, sunfish,
perch, darters, gobies)
Family Moronidae (temperate
basses)
Morone americana (Gmelin), white X
perch
M. chrysops (Rafinesque), white
bass
M. mississippiensis Jordan &
Eigenmann, yellow bass
M. saxatilis (Walbaum), striped X
bass
Family Elassomatidae (pygmy
sunfish)
Elassoma zonatum Jordan, banded
pygmy sunfish
Family Centrarchidae (black bass
and sunfish)
Ambloplites rupestris
(Rafinesque), rock bass
Centrarchus macropterus
(Lacepede) flier
Lepomis cyanellus Ralinesque,
green sunfish
L. gibbosus (Linnacus),
pumpkinseed
L. gulosus (Cuvier), warmouth
L. humilis (Girard),
orangespotted sunfish
L. macrochirus Rafinesque,
bluegill
L. megalotis (Rafinesque),
longear sunfish
L. microlphus (Gunther),
redear sunfish
L. miniatus Jordan, redspotted
sunfish
L. symmetricus Forbes, bantam ST
sunfish
Micropterus dolomien Lacepede,
smallmouth bass
M. punctulatus (Rafinesque),
spotted bass
M. salmoides (Lacepede),
largemouth bass
pomoxis annularis Rafinesque,
white crappie
P. nigromaculatus (LeSueur),
black crappie
Family Percidae
(perch and darters)
Ammocrypta clara Jordan &
Meek, western sand darter
A. pellucida (Agassiz), SC, FC
eastern sand darter
Etheostoma asprigene (Forbes),
mud darter
E. blennioides Rafinesque,
greenside darter
E. caeruleum Storer,
rainbow darter
E. camurum (Cope),
bluebreast darter
E. chlorosoma (Hay),
bluntnose darter
E. exile (Girard), lowa darter
E. Flabellare Rafinesque,
fantail darter
E. gracile (Girard),
slough darter
E. histrio Jordan & Gilbert,
harlequin darter
E. maculatum Kirtland, SC
spotted darter
E. microperca Jordan & Gilbert,
least darter
E. nigrum Rafinesque,
johnny darter
E. proeliare (Hay),
cypress darter
E. spectabile (Agassiz),
orangethroat darter
E. squamiceps Jordan, SC
spottail darter
E. tippecanoe Jordan & Evermann, SC
Tippecanoe darter
E. variatum Kirtland, SC
variegate darter
E. zonale (Cope), banded darter
Perca flavescens (Mitcheill),
yelow perch
Percina caprodes (Rafinesque),
logperch
P. copelandi (Jordan), ST
channel darter
P. evides (Jordan & Copeland), SE
gilt darter
P. maculata (Girard), blackside darter
P. phoxocephala (Nelson), slenderhead darter
P. Sciera (Swain), dusky darter
P. Shumardi (Girard), river darter
P. vigil (Hay), saddleback darter
Sander canadense (Griffith & Smith), sauger
S. vitreus (Mitchill), walleye
Family Sciaenidae (drum)
Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, freshwater drum
Family Gobiidae
Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas), round goby X
Extirpated:
Atractosteus spatula (Lacepede), alligator gar Ex
Alosa alabamae Jordan & Evermann, Alabama shad Ex
Notropis anogenus Forbes, pugnose shiner Ex
N. ariommus (Cope), popeye shiner Ex
Coregonus nigripinnis (Gill), blackfin cisco Ex
C. reighardi (Koelz), shortnose cisco Ex
Esox masquinongy Mitchill, Great Lakes muskellunge Ex
Esox masquinongy from the Great Lakes is extirpated,
but another Ohio River form of
questionable status exists.
Lagochila lacera Jordan & Brayton, harelip sucker Ex
Crystallaria asprella Jordan, crystal darter Ex
Percina uranidea (Jordan & Gilbert), stargazing Ex
darter
Despite past confusion between the two species
Percina uranidea and P. vigil, the two species did
occur in Indiana (but are now extirpated; C. Gilbert,
pers. comm.). Thompson & Cashner (1980) showed two
records for P. uranidea from Indiana and a
single record for P. vigil (as former name P.
ouachitae) in the 1980 Atlas of North
American Freshwater Fishes (Lee at al. 1980).
CLASS AMPHIBIA
Order Caudata (salamanders)
Family Cryptobranchidae (hellbenders)
Crytobranchus alleganiensis (Daudin) hellbender SE, FC
Family Proteidae (mudpuppies)
Necturus macidosus (Rafinesque), mudpuppy SC
Family Ambystomatidae (mole salamanders)
Ambystoma barbouri Kraus & Petranka, streamside
salamander
A. jeffersonianum (Green), Jefferson's salamander
A. laterale Hallowell, blue-spotted salamander SC
A. maculatum (Shaw), spotted salamander
A. opacum (Gravenhorst), marbled salamander
A. texanum (Matthes), smallmouth salamander
A. tigrinum (Green), tiger salamander
Family Salamandridae (newts)
Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque), eastern new
Family Plethodontidae (lungless salamanders)
Aneides aeneus (Cope & Packard), green salamander SE
Desmognathus fuscus (Green), northern
dusky salamander
Eurycea cirrigera (Green), two-lined salamander
E.longicauda (Green), longtail salamander
E.lucifuga Rafinesque, cave salamander
Hemidactylium scutatum (Schlegel), four-toed ST
salamander
Plethodon cinereus (Green), redback salamander
P. dorsails Cope, zigzag salamander
P. glutinosus (Green), slimy salamander
P. richmondi Netting & Mittleman, ravine
salamander
Pseudotriton ruber (Sonnini), northern red SE
salamander
Family Sirenidae (sirens)
Siren intermedia LeConte, lesser siren
Order Anura (toads and frogs)
Family Pelobatidae (spadefoot toads)
Scaphiopus holbrookii (Harlan), eastern spadefoot
Family Bufonidae (toads)
Bufo americanus Holbrook, American toad
B. fowleri Hinkley, Fowler's toad
Family Hylidae (tree frogs)
Acris crepitans Baird, cricket frog
Hyla claysoscelis Cope, Cope's gray tree frog
H. versicolor LeConte, eastern gray treefrog
Pseudacris crucifer Wied,
spring peeper
P. triseriata (Wied), western
chorus frog
Family Ranidae (true frogs)
Rana areolata Baird & Girard, ST
crawfish frog
R. blairi Mecham et al., plains SC
leopard frog
R. clamitans Latreille, green
frog
R. catesbeiana Shaw, bullfrog
R. pipiens Schreber, northern SC
leopard frog
R. palustris LeConte, pickerel
frog
R. utricularia Harlan, southern
leopard frog
R. sylvatica LeConte, wood frog
Hypothetical
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus
(Green), spring salamander
Pseudacris brachyphona (Cope),
mountain chorus frog
Pseudotriton montanus Baird,
mud salamander
Gastrophryne carolinensis
(Holbrook), eastern
narrowmouth toad
Hyla cinerea (Schneider), green
treefrog
H. avivoca Viosca, bird-voiced
treefrog
CLASS REPTILIA
Order Testudines (turtles)
Family Chelydridae (snapping
turtles)
Chelydra serpentina Linnaeus,
common snapping turtle
Macroclemys temminckii SE
(Troost), alligator snapping
turtle
Family Kinosternidae (musk and
mud turtles)
Kinosternon subrubrum ST
(Lacepede), eastern mud
turtle)
Sternotherus odoratus
(Latreille), common musk
turtle
Family Emydidae (box and water
turtles)
Chrysemys picts (Schneider),
painted turtle
Clemmsys guttata (Schneider), ST
spotted turtle
Emydoidea blandingii SC
(Holbrook), Blanding's turtle
Graptemys geographica
(LeSueur), map turtle
G. pseudogeographica (Gray),
false map turtle
G. ouachitensis Cagle,
Ouachita map turtle
Pseudemys concinna (LeConte),
river cooter
Terrapene carolina (Linnaeus),
eastern box turtle
T. ornata (Agassiz), ornate SC
box turtle
Trachemys scripta (Schoepff),
red-eared turtle
Family Trionychidae (softshell turtles)
Apalone mutica LeSueur, smooth softshell
A. spinifera (LeSueur), spiny softshell
Order Squamata (lizards and snakes)
Family Iguanidae (iguanids)
Sceloporus undulatus Latreille, eastern
fence lizard
Family Anguidae (glass lizards)
Ophisaurus attenuatus Cope,
slender glass lizard
Family Teiidae (whiptails)
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus
(Linnaeus), six-lined racerunner
Family Scincidae (skinks)
Eumeces fasciatus (Linnaeus),
five-lined skink
E. laticeps (Schneider), broad-
headed skink
Scincella lateralis (Say), ground skink
Family Colubridae (common snakes)
Carphophis amoenus (Say), worm snake
Cemophora coccinea (Blumenbach), scarlet ST
snake
Coluber constrictor Linnaeus, black racer
Clonophis kirtlandii (Kennicott), ST, FC
Kirtland's snake
Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus),
northern ringneck snake
Elaphe obsoleta (Say), black rat snake
E. vulpina (Baird & Girard),
western fox snake
Heterodon platirhinos Latreille,
eastern hognose snake
Lampropeltis calligaster
(Harlan), prairie kingsnake
L. getulus (Linnaeus), common kingsnake
L. triangulum (Lacepede), eastern
milksnake
Nerodia erythrogaster (Forster), ST, FC
northern copperbelly
N. rhombifer (Hallowell),
diamondback water snake
N. sipedon (Linnaeus), banded water snake
Opheodrys aestivas (Linnaeus), SC
rough green snake
O. vernalis (Harlan), smooth green snake ST
Pituophis catenifer (Blainville),
bull snake
Regina septemvittata (Say), queen snake
Storeria dekayi (Holbrook), brown snake
S. occipitomaculata (Storer),
red-bellied snake
Tantilla coronata (Baird & Girard), ST
crowned snake
Thamnophis butleri (Cope), Butler's ST
garter snake
T. proximus (Say), western ribbon snake SC
T. radix (Baird & Girard), plains
garter snake
T. sauritus (Linnaeus), eastern
ribbon snake
T. sirtalis (Linnaeus), common
garter snake
Virginia valeriae Baird & Girard,
western earth snake
Family Crotalidae (pit vipers)
Agkistrodon controtrix
(Linnaeus), northern copperhead
A. piscivorus Lacepede, cottonmouth ST
Crotalus horridus Linnaeus, timber ST
rattlesnake
Sistrurus catenatus (Rafinesque), ST, FC
eastern massasauga
Hypothetical:
Eumeces anthracinus (Baird), coal skink
Regina grahami Baird & Girard,
Graham's water snake
Tropidoclonian lineatum
(Hallowell), lined snake
Extirpated:
Farancia abacura (Holbrook), mud snake EX
CLASS MAMMALIA
Order Didelphimorphia (American opossums)
Family Didelphidae (opossums)
Didelphis virginiana Kerr, opossum
Order Insectivora (shrews and moles)
Family Soricidae (shrews)
Blarina brevicauda (Say), short-tailed
shrew
Cryptotis parva (Say), least shrew
Sorex cinereus Kerr, masked shrew
S. fumeus Miller, smoky shrew
S. hoyi Baird, pygmy shrew
S. longirostris Bachman, southeastern
shrew
Family Talpidae (moles)
Condylura cristata (Rafinesque) SC
star-nosed mole
Scalopus aquaticus (Linnaeus),
eastern mole
Order Chiroptera (bats)
Family Vespertilionidae
(vespertilionid bats)
Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois), big
brown bat
Lasionycteris noctivagans
(LeConte), silver-haired bat
Lasiurus borealis (Muller), red bat
L. cinereus (Beauvois), hoary bat
Myotis austroriparius (Rhoads), SE
southeastern myotis
M. grisescens (Howell), gray myotis FE
M. lucifugus (LeConte), little
brown myotis
M. septentrionalis Trouessart,
Northern myotis
M. sodalis Miller & Allen, FE
Indiana myotis
Nycticeius humeralis FE
(Rafinesque), evening bat
Pipistrellus subflavus (Cuvier),
eastern pipistrelle
Corynorhinus rafinesquii SC
(Lesson), Rafinesque's big-eared bat
Order Lagomorpha (rabbits, hares, and pikas)
Family Leporidae (rabbits and hares)
Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman), SE
swamp rabbit
S. floridanus (Allen), cottontail rabbit
Order Rodentia (rodents)
Family Sciuridae (squirrels)
Glaucomys volans (Linnaeus),
southern flying squirrel
Marmota monax (Linnaeus), woodchuck
Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin, gray
squirrel
S. niger Linnaeus, for squirrel
Spermophilus franklinii (Sabine), SE
Franklin's ground squirrel
S. tridecemlineatus (Mitchill),
thirteen-lined ground squirrel
Tamias striatus (Linneaus),
eastern chipmunk
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
(Erxleben), red squirrel
Family Geomyidae (pocket gophers)
Geomys bursarius (Shaw), plains SC
pocket gopher
Family Castoridae (beavers)
Castor canadensis Kuhl, beaver reintroduced
The beaver was extirpated by
1900 but was reintroduced.
Family Muridae (rats, voles, and mice)
Subfamily Sigmodontinae
Neotoma magister (Baird), SE
Allegheny woodrat
Peromyscus leucopus
(Rafinesque), white-footed mouse
P. maniculatus (Wagner), deer mouse
Reithrodontomys megalotis
(Baird), western harvestmouse
Subfamily Arvicolinae
Microtus ochroguster (Wagner),
prairie vole
M. pennsylvanicus (Ord), meadow vole
M. pinetorum (LeConte), woodland vole
Ondatra ziethicus (Linnaeus), muskrat
Synaptomys cooperi Baird,
southern bog lemming
Subfamily Murinae
Mus musculus Linnaeus, house mouse X
Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout), X
Norway rat
The black rat, Rattus rattus,
was extirpated about 1845 but
is not included above because
it was not native.
Family Dipodidae (Zapodinae) (jumping mice)
Zapus hudsonius (Zimmermann),
meadow jumping mouse
Order Carnivora (canids)
Family Canidae (canids)
Canis latrans Say, coyote
Urocyon cinereoargenteus
(Schreber), gray fox
Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus), red fox
Family Procyonidae (raccoons and allies)
Procyon lotor (Linnaeus), raccoon
Family Mustelidae (weasels, badger, otter)
Lutra canadensis (Schrebder), river otter reintroduced
The river otter became extirpated in
1942, but was reintroduced between
1995 and 1999.
Mustela frenata Lichtenstein,
long-tailed weasel
M. nivalis (Linnaeus), least weasel SC
M. vison Schreber, mink
Taxidea taxus (Schreber), badger ST
Family Mephitidae (skunks)
Mephitis mephitis (Schreber),
striped skunk
Family Felidae (cat)
Lynx rufus (Schreber), bobcat SE
Order Artiodactyla
Family Cervidae (deer)
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann), reintroduced
white-tailed deer
The white-tailed deer was extirpated
by 1900 but was reintroduced
Hypothetical
Myotis leibi (Audubon &
Bachman), Leib's bat
Reithrodontomys humulis
(Audubon & Bachman), eastern harvest
mouse
Extirpated
Bison bison (Linnaeus), bison
Canis lupus Linnacus, timber (gray) wolf
C. rufus (Audubon & Bachman), red wolf
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, elk (wapiti)
Erethizon dorsatwn (Linnaeus), porcupine
Felis concolor Linnacus, mountain lion
Galo galo (Linnacus), wolverine
Lynx lynx Kerr, lynx
Martes pennanti (Erxleben), fisher
Spilogale putorius (Linnaeus), eastern
spotted skunk
Ursus americanus Pallas, black bear
Table 2
Checklist of the birds of Indiana. Range is indicated as statewide (I),
north (N), south (S), west (W), east (E), and central (C), and various
combinations. General abundance is listed roughly as abundant (A),
common (C), occasional (O), and rare (R). Seasonal occurrence is given
as summer resident (S), winter resident (W), migrant (M), accidental
(A), hypothetical (H), breeder (*), and former breeder [(*)]. Status is
listed as federally endangered (FE), federally threatened (FT), and
candidates for federal listing (FC). State designations are endangered
(SE), threatened (ST), and special concern (SC). Exotic or introduced
species are indicated by "X." Extripated species are listed with
approximate date of disappearnce.
Relative
Range abundance
CLASS AVES
Order Gaviiformes (loons)
Family Gaviidae (loons)
Gavia adamsii (Gray), yellow- I R
billed loon
G. immer (Brunnich), common loon I C
G. pacifica (Lawrence), pacific I R
loon
G. stellata (Pontoppidan), red- I O
throated loon
Order Podicipediformes (grebes)
Family Podicipedidae (grebes)
Aechmophorus occidentalis I R
(Lawrence), western grebe
Podiceps auritus (Linnaeus), I O
horned grebe
P. grisegena (Boddaert),red- I R
necked grebe
P. nigricollis Brehm, eared grebe I R
Podilymbus podiceps (Linnaeus), I C
pied-billed grebe
Order Procellariiformes (tube-nosed
swimmers)
Family Hydrobatidae (storm- I R
petrels)
Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt), I R
band-rumped storm-petrel
Order Pelecaniformes (totipalmate
swimmers)
Family Sulidae (boobies and
gannets)
Morus bassanus (Linnaeus), I R
northern gannet
Family Pelecanidae (pelicans)
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin, I R
American white pelican
P. occidentalis Linnaeus, brown I R
pelican
Family Phalacrocoracidae
(cormorants)
Phalacrocorax auritus (Lesson), I O
double-crested cormorant
Family Fregatidae (frigatebirds)
Fregata magnificens Mathews, I R
magnificent frigatebird
Order Ciconiiformes (herons,
ibises, storks, and allies)
Family Ardeidae (bitterns and
herons)
Ardea alba (Linnaeus), great I O
egret
Ardea herodias Linnaeus, great I C
blue heron
Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett), I R
American bittern
Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus), cattle I R
egret
Butorides virescens (Linnaeus), I C
Butorides virescens (Linnaeus), green heron
Egretta caerulea (Linnaeus), little blue heron I R
E. rufescens (Gmelin), reddish egret I R
E. thula (Molina), snowy egret I R
E. tricolor (Muller), tricolored heron I R
Ixobrychus exilis (Gmelin), least bittern I R
Nyctanassa violacea (Linnaeus), S R
yellow-crowned night-heron
Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus), I R
black-crowned night-heron
Family Threskiornithidae (ibises)
Eudocimus albus (Linnaeus), white ibis S R
Plegadis chihi (Vieillot), white-faced ibis I R
P. falcinellus (Linnaeus), glossy ibis I R
Family Ciconiidae (storks)
Mycteria americana Linnaeus, wood stork S R
Family Cathartidae (American vultures)
Cathartes aura (Linnaeus), turkey vulture I C
Coragyps atratus (Bechstein), black vulture S R
Order Anseriformes (swans, geese, and ducks)
Family Anatidae (swans, geese and ducks)
Aix sponsa (Linnaeus), wood duck I C
Anas acuta Linnaeus, northern pintail I O
A. americana Gmelin, American wigeon I O
A. clypeata Linnaeus, northern shoveler I O
A. crecca (Linnaeus), green-winged teal I O
A. cyanoptera Viellot, cinnamon teal I R
A. discors Linnaeus, blue-winged teal I O
A. penelope Linnaeus, Eurasian Wigeon I R
A. platyrhynchos Linnaeus, mallard I C
A. rubripes Brewster, American black duck I C
A strepera Linnaeus, gadwall I O
Anser albifrons (Scopoli), I R
greater white-fronted goose
Aythya affinis (Eyton), lesser I C
scaup
A. americana (Eyton), redhead I O
A. collaris (Donovan), ring- I O
necked duck
A. marila (Linnaeus), greater N O
scaup
A. valisineria (Wilson), I O
canvasback
Branta bernicla (Linnaeus), brant N R
B. canadensis (Linnaeus), Canada I A
goose
Bucephala albeola (Linnaeus), I O
bufftehead
B. clangula (Linnaeus), common I C
goldeneye
B. islandica (Gmelin), Barrow's N R
goldeneye
Chen caerulescens (Linnacus), I O
snow goose
C. rossii (Cassin), Ross's goose I R
Clangula hyemalis (Linnacus), N O
long-tailed duck
Cygnus buccinator Richardson, I R
trumpeter swan
C. colunbianus (Ord), tundra swan I O
C. olor (Gmelin), mute swan I O
Dendrocygna bicolor (Vieillot), I R
fulvous whistling-duck
Histrionicus histrionicus N R
(Linnaeus), harlequin duck
Lophodytes cucullatus (Linnacus), I O
hooded merganser
Melanitta fusca (Linnaeus), N R
white-winged scoter
M. nigra (Linnaeus), black scoter N R
M. perspicillata (Linnaeus), surf N R
scoter
Mergus Merganser Linnaeus, common I O
merganser
M. serrator Linnacus, red- I O
breasted merganser
Oxyura jamaicensis (Gmelin), I O
ruddy duck
Somateria spectabilis (Linnaeus), N R
king eider
Order Falconiformes (diurnal birds
of prey)
Family Accipitridae (kites,
eagles, hawks, and allies)
Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte), I O
Cooper's hawk
A. gentilis (Linnaeus), northern N R
goshawk
A. striatus Vieillot, sharp- I O
shinned hawk
Aquila chrysaetos (Linnaeus), I O
golden eagle
Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin), red- I A
tailed hawk
B. lagopus (Pontoppidan), rough- I O
legged hawk
B. lineatus (Gmelin), red- I O
shouldered hawk
B. playpterus (Vieillot), broad- I O
winged hawk
B. regalis (Gray), ferruginous W R
hawk
B. swainsoni Bonaparte, W R
Swainson's hawk
Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus), I O
northern harrier
Elanoides forficatus (Linnaeus), I R
swallow-tailed kite
Elanus leucurus (Vieillot), I R
white-tailed kite
Family Falconidae (falcons)
Falco columbarius Linnaeus, I R
merlin
F. mexicanus Schlegel, prairie W R
falcon
F. peregrinus Tunstall, I R
peregrine falcon
F. rusticolus Linnaeus, N R
gyrfalcon
F. sparverius Linnaeus, American I C
kestrel
Haliaeetus leucocephalus I R
(Linnaeus), bald eagle
Ictinia mississippiensis I R
(Wilson), Mississippi kite
Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus), I R
osprey
Order Galliformes (gallinaceous
birds)
Family Phasianidae (grouse,
turkey, and quail)
Bonasa umbellus (Linnaeus), S O
ruffed grouse
Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus, I O
wild turkey
Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, N O
ring-necked pheasant
Family Odontophoridae (quail)
Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus), I C
northern bobwhite
Order Gruiformes (cranes, rails,
and allies)
Family Rallidae (rails,
gallinules, and coots)
Coturnicops noveboracensis I R
(Gmelin), yellow rail
Fulica americana (Gmelin), I O
American coot
Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus), I R
common moorhen
Laterallus jamaicensis (Gmelin), I R
black rail
Porphyrio martinica (Linnaeus), I R
purple gallinule
Porzana carolina (Linnaeus), I O
sora
Rallus elegans Audubon, king I R
rail
R. limicola Vieillot, Virginia I R
rail
Family Gruidae (cranes)
Grus canadensis (Linnaeus), I O
sandhill crane
G. grus (Linnaeus), common crane I R
Order Charadriiformes (shorebirds,
gulls, auks, and allies)
Family Charadriidae (plovers)
Charadrius alexandrinus I R
Linnaeus, snowy plover
C. melodus Ord, piping plover I R
C. semipalmatus Bonaparte, I O
semipalmated plover
C. vociferus Linnaeus, killdeer I C
C. wilsonia Ord, Wilson's plover I R
Pluvialis dominica (Muller), I O
American golden-plover
P. squatarola (Linnaues), black- I O
bellied plover
Family Recurvirostridae (stilts
and avocets)
Himantopus mexicanus (Muller), I R
black-necked stilt
Recurvirostra americana Gmelin, I R
American avocet
Family Scolopacidae (sandpipers,
phalaropes, and allies)
Actitis macularia (Linnaeus), I O
spotted sandpiper
Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus), I R
ruddy turnstone
Bartramia longicauda I R
(Bechstein), upland sandpiper
Calidris acuminata (Horsfield), I R
sharp-tailed sandpiper
C. alba (Pallas), sanderling I R
C. alpina (Linnaeus), dunlin I O
C. bairdii (Coues), Baird's I R
sandpiper
C. canutus (Linnaeus), red knot I R
C. ferrugineu (Pontoppidan), I R
curlew sandpiper
C. fuscicollis (Vieillot), I R
white-rumped sandpiper
C. himantopus (Bonaparte), stilt I R
sandpiper
C. maritima (Brunnich), purple I R
sandpiper
C. mauri (Cabanis), western I O
sandpiper
C. melanotos (Vieillot), I O
pectoral sandpiper
C. minutilla (Vieillot), least I O
sandpiper
C. pusillo (Linnaeus), I O
semipalmated sandpiper
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus I R
(Gmelin), willet
Gallinago delicata (Ord), I O
Wilson's snipe
Limnodromus griseus (Gmelin), I O
short-billed dowitcher
L. scolopaceus (Say), long- I O
billed dowitcher
Limosa fedoa (Linnaeus), marbled I R
godwit
L. haemastica (Linnaeus), I R
Hudsonian godwit
Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus), I R
whimbrel
Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus), I R
red phalarope
P. lobatus (Linnaeus), red-necked I R
phalarope
P. tricolor (Vieillot), Wilson's I R
phalarope
Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus), I R
ruff
Scolopax minor Gmelin, American I O
woodcock
Tringa flavipes (Gmelin), lesser I O
yellowlegs
T. melanoleuca (Gmelin), greater I O
yellowlegs
T. solitaria Wilson, solitary I O
sandpiper
Tryngites subruficollis I R
(Vieillot), buff-breasted
sandpiper
Family Laridae (jaegers, gulls,
terns, and skimmers)
Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck), N R
white-winged tern
C. niger (Linnaeus), black tern I O
Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, I C
herring gull
L. atricilla Linnaeus, laughing I R
gull
L. californicus Lawrence, I R
California gull
L. canus Linnaeus, mew gull I R
L. delawarensis Ord, ring-billed I C
gull
L. fuscus Linnaeus, Iesser black- I R
backed gull
L. glaucoides Meyer, Iceland gull I R
L. hyperboreus Gunnerus, glaucous I R
gull
L. marinus Linnaeus, great black- I R
backed gull
L. minutus Pallas, little gull I R
L. philadelphia (Ord), Bonaparte's I O
gull
L. pipixcan Wagler, Franklin's I R
gull
L. ridibundus Linnaeus, black- I R
headed gull
L. schistisagus Stejneger, slaty- I R
backed gull
L. thayeri Brooks, Thayer's gull I R
Rhodostethia rosea (MacGillivray), I R
Ross's gull
Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus), I R
black-legged kittiwake
Rynchops niger Linnaeus, black I R
skimmer
Stercorarius logicaudus Vieillot, N R
long-tailed jaeger
S. parasiticus (Linnaeus), N R
parasitic jaeger
S. pomarinus (Temminck), pomarine N R
jaeger
Sterna antillarum (Lesson), least I R
tern
S. caspia Pallas, Caspian tern I O
S. dougallii Montagu, roseate I R
tern
S. forsteri Nuttall, Forster's I O
tern
S. fuscata Linnaeus, sooty tern I R
S. hirundo Linnaeus, common tern I O
S. maxima Boddaert, royal tern I R
S. nilotica Gmelin, gull-billed I R
tern
S. paradisaea Pontoppidan, arctic I R
tern
Xema sabini (Sabine), Sabine's I R
gull
Family Alcidae (auks, murres, and
puffins)
Brachyramphus perdix (Pallas), I R
long-billed murrelet
Synthliboramphus antiquus I R
(Gmelin), ancient murrelet
Uria lomvia (Linnaeus), I R
thick-billed murre
Order Columbiformes (pigeons and
doves)
Family Columbidae (pigeons and
doves)
Columba fasciata Say, I R
band-tailed pigeon
C. livia Gmelin, rock dove I A
Columbina passerina (Linnaeus), I R
common ground-dove
Streptopelia decaocto I R
(Frivaldsky), Eurasian
collared-dove
Zenaida asiatica (Linnacus), I R
white-winged dove
Z. macroura (Linnaeus), mourning I R
dove
Order Cuculiformes (cuckoos)
Family Cuculidae (cuckoos)
Coccyzus americanus (Linnaeus), I O
yellow-billed cuckoo
C. erythrophthalmus (Wilson), I O
black-billed cuckoo
Crotophaga sulcirostris Swainson, I R
groove-billed ani
Order Strigiformes (owls)
Family Tytonidae (barn owls)
Tyto alba (Scopoli), barn owl I R
Family Strigidae (typical owls)
Aegolius acadicus (Gmelin), I R
northern saw-whet owl
Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan), I R
short-eared owl
A. otus (Linnaeus), long-eared I R
owl
Athene cunicularia (Molina), W R
burrowing owl
Bubo virginianus (Gmelin), great I C
horned owl
Nyctea scandiaca (Linnaeus), snow N R
owl
Otus asio (Linnaeus), eastern I C
screech-owl
Strix varia Barton, barred owl I O
Order Caprimulgiformes
goatsuckers, oilbirds, and allies)
Family Caprimulgidae
(goatsuckers)
Caprimulgus carolinensis Gmelin, S R
chuck-will's-widow
C. vociferus Wilson, whip-poor- I C
will
Chordeiles minor (Forster), I O
common nighthawk
Order Apodiformes (swifts and
hummingbirds)
Family Apodidae (swifts)
Chaetura pelagica (Linnaeus), I A
chimney swift
Family Trochilidae (hummingbords)
Archilochus colubris (Linnaeus), I C
ruby-throated hummingbird
Selasphorus rufus (Gmelin), I R
rufous hummingbird
Order Coraciiformes (todies,
motmots, and kingfishers)
Family Alcedinidae (kingfishers)
Ceryle alcyon (Linnaeus), belted I O
kingfisher
Order Piciformes (woodpeckers and
allies)
Family Picidae (woodpeckers)
Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus), I C
northern flicker
Dryocopus pileatus (Linnaeus), I O
pileated woodpecker
Melanerpes carolinus (Linnaeus), I C
red-bellied woodspecker
M. erythrocephalus (Linnaeus), I O
red-headed woodpecker
Picoides arcticus (Swainson), N R
black-backed woodpecker
P. pubescens (Linnaeus), downy I C
woodpecker
P. villosus (Linnaeus), hairy I C
woodpecker
Sphyrapicus varius (Linnaeus), I R
yellow-bellied sapsucker
Order Passeriformes (passerine
birds)
Family Tyrannidae (flycatchers)
Contopus cooperi (Nuttall), I R
olive-sided flycatcher
C. sordidulus Sclater, western W R
wood-pewee
C. virens (Linnaeus), eastern I C
wood-pewee
Empidonax alnorum Brewster, alder N R
flycatcher
E. flaviventris (Baird and Baird), I R
yellow-bellied flycatcher
E. minimus (Baird and Baird), I R
least flycatcher
E. traillii (Audubon), willow I O
flycatcher
E. virescens (Vieillot), Acadian I O
flycatcher
Myiarchus crinitus (Linnaeus), I O
great crested flycatcher
Pyrocephalus rubinus (Boddaert), I R
vermilion flycatcher
Sayornis phoebe (Latham), eastern I O
phoebe
S. saya (Bonaparte), Say's phoebe I R
Tyrannus forficatus (Gmelin), S R
scissor-tailed flycatcher
T. tyrannus (Linnaeus), eastern I C
kingbird
T. verticalis Say, western I R
kingbird
Family Laniidae (shrikes)
Lanius excubitor Linnaeus, N R
northern shrike
L. ludovicianus Linnaeus, I R
loggerhead shrike
Family Vireonidae (vireos)
Vireo bellii Audubon, Bell's vireo W R
V. flavifrons (Vieillot), yellow- I O
throated vireo
V. gilvus (Vieillot), warbling I C
vireo
V. griseus (Boddaert), white-eyed I C
vireo
V. olivaceus (Linnaeus), red-eyed I C
vireo
V. philadelphicus (Cassin), I R
Philadelphia vireo
V. solitarius (Wilson), blue- I R
headed vireo
Family Corvidae (jays, magpies, and
crows)
Aphelocoma californica Vigors, I R
western scrub-jay
Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm, I A
American crow
C. corax Linnaeus, common raven I R
C. ossifragus Wilson, fish crow SW R
Cyanocitta cristata (Linnaeus), I A
blue jay
Pica hudsonia (Linnaeus), black- I R
billed magpie
Family Alaudidae (larks)
Eremophila alpestris (Linnaeus), I C
horned lark
Family Hirundinidae (swallows)
Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, barn I A
swallow
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota I R
Vieillot, cliff swallow
Progne subis (Linnaeus), purple I C
martin
Riparia riparia (Linnaeus), bank I O
swallow
Stelgidopteryx serripennis I O
(Audubon), northern rough-winged
swallow
Tachycineta bicolor (Vieillot), I O
tree swallow
Family Paridae (titmice)
Baeolophus bicolor Linnaeus, I C
tufted titmouse
Poecile atricapilla Linnaeus, N C
black-capped chickadee
P. carolinensis Audubon, Carolina S C
chickadee
P. hudsonia Forster, boreal I R
chickadee
Family Sittidae (nuthatches)
Sitta canadensis Linnaeus, red- I O
breasted nuthatch
S. carolinensis Latham, white- I C
breasted nuthatch
Family Certhiidae (creepers)
Certhia americana Bonaparte, I O
brown creeper
Family Troglodytidae (wrens)
Cistothorus palustris (Wilson), I R
marsh wren
C. platensis (Latham), sedge wren I R
Salpinctes obsoletus (Say), rock I R
wren
Thryomanes bewickii (Audubon), I R
Bewick's wren
Thryothorus ludovicianus (Latham) I C
Carolina wren
Troglodytes aedon Vieillot, house I C
wren
T. troglodytes (Linnaeus), winter I O
wren
Family Regulidae (Kinglets)
Regulus calendula (Linnaeus), I R
ruby-crowned kinglet
R. satrapa Lichtenstein, golden- I C
crowned kinglet
Family Sylviidae (old world
warblers)
Polioptila caerulea (Linnaeus), I C
blue-gray gnatcatcher
Family Turdidae (thrushes)
Catharus fuscescens (Stephens) I O
veery
C. guttatus (Pallas), hermit I O
thrust
C. minimus (Lafresnaye), gray- I O
cheeked thrush
C. ustulatus (Nuttall), Swainson's I O
thrush
Hylocichla mustelina (Gmelin), I C
wood thrush
Ixoreus naevius (Gmelin), varied I R
thrush
Myadestes townsendi (Audubon), I R
Townsend's solitaire
Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus), I R
northern wheatear
Sialia currucoides (Bechstein), I R
mountain bluebird
S. sialis (Linnaeus) eastern I C
bluebird
Turdus migratorius Linnaeus, I A
American robin
Family Mimidae (mimic thrushes)
Dumetella carolinensis (Linaeus), I C
gray catbird
Mimus polyglottos (Linnaeus), I C
northern mockingbird
Toxostoma rufum (Linnaeus), brown I C
thrasher
Family Sturnidae (starlings)
Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, I A
European starling
Family Motacillidae (wagtails and
pipits)
Anthus rubescens (Tunstall), I R
American pipit
Family Bombycillidae (waxwings)
Bombycilla cedrorum Vieillot, I O
cedar waxwing
B. garrulus (Linnaeus), Bohemian N R
waxwing
Family Parulidae (new world
warblers)
Dendroica caerulescens (Gmelin), I O
black-throated blue warbler
D. castanea (Wilson), bay-breasted I O
warbler
D. cerulea (Wilson), cerulean I O
warbler
D. coronata (Linnaeus), I C
yellow-rumped warbler
D. discolor (Vieillot), prairie I O
warbler
D. dominica (Linnaeus), I O
yellow-throated warbler
D. fusca (Muller), blackburnian I O
warbler
D. kirtlandii (Baird), Kirkland's I R
warbler
D. magnolia (Wilson), magnolia I O
warbler
D. nigrescens (Townsend), I R
black-throated gray warbler
D. palmarum (Gmelin), palm warbler I O
D. pensylvanica (Linnaeus), N O
chestnut-sided warbler
D. petechia (Linnaeus), yellow I C
warbler
D. pinus (Wilson), pine warbler S O
D. striata (Forster), blackpoll I O
warbler
D. tigrina (Gmelin), Cape May I O
wabler
D. townsendi (Townsend), I R
Townsend's warbler
D. virens (Gmelin), black-throated I O
green warbler
Geothlypis trichas (Linnaeus), I C
common yellowthroat
Helmitheros vermivorus (Gmelin), I R
worm-eating warbler
Iceteria virens (Linnaeus), I C
yellow-breasted chat
Limnothlypis swainsonii (Audubon), SW R
Swainson's warbler
Mniotilta varia (Linnaeus), black- I O
and-white warbler
Oporornis agilis (Wilson), I R
Connecticut warbler
O. formosus (Wilson), Kentucky I O
warbler
O. philadelphia (Wilson), mourning I R
warbler
Parula americana (Linnaeus), I O
northern parula
Protonotaria citrea (Boddaert), I O
prothonotary warbler
Seiurus aurocapillus (Linnaeus), I O
ovenbird
S. motacilla (Vieillot), Louisiana I O
waterthrush
S. noveboracensis (Gmelin), I R
northern waterthrush
Setophaga ruticilla (Linnaeus), I O
American redstart
Vermivora celata (Say), orange- I O
crowned warbler
V. chrysoptera (Linnaeus), golden- I R
winged warbler
V. peregrina (Wilson), Tennessee I C
warbler
V. pinus (Linnaeus), blue-winged I O
warbler
V. ruficapilla (Wilson), Nashville I O
warbler
Wilsonia canadensis (Linnaeus), N R
Canada warbler
W. citrina (Boddaert), hooded I R
warbler
W. pusilla (Wilson), Wilson's I O
warbler
Family Thraupidae (tanagers)
Piranga ludoviciana (Wilson), W R
western tanager
P. olivacea (Gmelin), scarlet I O
tanager
P. rubra (Linnaeus), summer S O
tanager
Family Emberizidae (new world
sparrows)
Aimophila aestivalis S R
(Lichtenstein), Bachman's sparrow
A. cassinii (Woodhouse), Cassin's I R
sparrow
Ammodramus henslowii (Audubon), I R
Henslow's sparrow
A. leconteii (Audubon), LeConte's I R
sparrow
A. nelsoni (Allen), Nelson's I R
sharp-tailed sparrow
A. savannarum (Gmelin), I O
grasshopper sparrow
Calamospiza melanocorys Stejneger, I R
lark bunting
Calcarius lapponicus (Linnaeus), I O
Lapland longspur
C. mccownii (Lawrence), McCown's I R
longspur
C. pictus (Swainson), Smith's I R
longspur
Chondestes grammacus (Say), lark I R
sparrow
Junco hyemalis (Linnaeus), dark- I A
eyed junco
Melospiza georgiana (Latham), swam I O
sparrow
M. lincolnii (Audubon), Lincoln's I R
sparrow
M. melodia (Wilson), song sparrow I A
Passerculus sandwichensis (Gmelin) I O
savannah sparrow
Passerella iliaca (Merrem), fox I O
sparrow
Pipilo chlorurus (Audubon), green- I R
tailed towhee
P. erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus), I O
eastern towhee
P. maculatus (Swainson), spotted I R
towhee
Plectrophenax nivalis (Linnaeus), I O
snow bunting
Pooecetes gramineus (Gmelin), I O
vesper sparrow
Spizella arborea (Wilson), I C
American tree sparrow
S. pallida (Swainson), I R
clay-colored sparrow
S. passerina (Bechstein), chipping I C
sparrow
S. pusilla (Wilson), field sparrow I C
Zonotrichia albicollis (Gmelin), I O
white-throated sparrow
Z. leucophrys (Forster), white- I O
crowned sparrow
Z. querula (Nuttall), Harris's I R
sparrow
Family Cardinalidae (grosbeaks)
Cardinalis cardinalis (Linnacus), I A
northern cardinal
Passerina caerulea (Linnaeus), S O
blue grosbeak
P. ciris (Linnaeus), painted I R
bunting
P. cyanea (Linnaeus), indigo I A
bunting
Pheucticus ludovicianus I C
(Linnaeus), rose-breasted
grosbeak
P. melanocephalus (Swainson), I R
black-headed grosbeak
Spiza americana (Gmelin), I O
dickcissel
Family Icteridae (icterines)
Agelaius phoeniceus (Linnaeus), I A
red-winged blackbird
Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linnaeus), I O
bobolink
Euphagus carolinus (Muller), rusty I R
blackbird
E. cyanocephalus (Wagler), W R
Brewer's blackbird
Icteris galbula (Linnaeus), I O
Baltimore oriole
I. spurius (Linnaeus), orchard I O
oriole
Molothrus ater (Boddaert), I A
brown-headed cowbird
Quiscalus mexicanus (Gmelin), I R
great-tailed grackle
Q. quiscula (Linnaeus), common I A
grackle
Sturnella magna (Linnaeus), I A
eastern meadowlark
S. neglecta (Audubon), western N R
meadowlark
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus W R
(Bonaparte), yellow-headed
blackbird
Family Fringillidae (finches)
Carduelis flammea (Linnaeus), N R
common redpoll
C. hornemanni (Holboll), hoary N R
redpoll
C. pinus (Wilson), pine siskin I O
C. tristis (Linnaeus), American I C
goldfinch
Carpodacus mexicanus (Muller), I C
house finch
C. purpureus (Gmelin), purple I O
finch
Coccothraustes vespertinus I R
(Cooper), evening grosbeak
Fringilla montifringilla Linnaeus, I R
brambling
Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus, red N R
crossbill
L. leuceoptera Gmelin, N R
white-winged crossbill
Pinicola enucleator (Linnaeus), N R
pine grosbeak
Family Passeridae (weaver finches)
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus), I A
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus), I A
house sparrow
P. montanus (Linnaeus), I R
Eurasian tree sparrow
Extirpated:
Campephilus principalis S
(Linnaeus), ivory-billed
woodpecker
Conuropsis carolinensis I
(Linnaeus), Carolina parakeet
Ectopistes migratorius I
(Linnaeus), passenger pigeon
Grus americana (Linnaeus), N
whooping crane
Numenius borealis (Forster), I
eskimo curlew
Perdix perdix (Linnaeus), gray N
partridge
Tympanuchus cupido (Linnaeus), NW
greater prairie-chicken
Vermivora bachmanii (Audubon), S
Bachman's warbler
Season
CLASS AVES
Order Gaviiformes (loons)
Family Gaviidae (loons)
Gavia adamsii (Gray), yellow- A
billed loon
G. immer (Brunnich), common loon M(*)
G. pacifica (Lawrence), pacific A
loon
G. stellata (Pontoppidan), red- M
throated loon
Order Podicipediformes (grebes)
Family Podicipedidae (grebes)
Aechmophorus occidentalis A
(Lawrence), western grebe
Podiceps auritus (Linnaeus), W(*)
horned grebe
P. grisegena (Boddaert),red- A
necked grebe
P. nigricollis Brehm, eared grebe A
Podilymbus podiceps (Linnaeus), R*
pied-billed grebe
Order Procellariiformes (tube-nosed
swimmers)
Family Hydrobatidae (storm-
petrels)
Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt), A
band-rumped storm-petrel
Order Pelecaniformes (totipalmate
swimmers)
Family Sulidae (boobies and
gannets)
Morus bassanus (Linnaeus), A
northern gannet
Family Pelecanidae (pelicans)
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin, A
American white pelican
P. occidentalis Linnaeus, brown A
pelican
Family Phalacrocoracidae
(cormorants)
Phalacrocorax auritus (Lesson), M*
double-crested cormorant
Family Fregatidae (frigatebirds)
Fregata magnificens Mathews, A
magnificent frigatebird
Order Ciconiiformes (herons,
ibises, storks, and allies)
Family Ardeidae (bitterns and
herons)
Ardea alba (Linnaeus), great S*
egret
Ardea herodias Linnaeus, great R*
blue heron
Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett), S*
American bittern
Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus), cattle M*
egret
Butorides virescens (Linnaeus), S *
Butorides virescens (Linnaeus), green heron
Egretta caerulea (Linnaeus), little blue heron S *
E. rufescens (Gmelin), reddish egret A
E. thula (Molina), snowy egret A *
E. tricolor (Muller), tricolored heron A
Ixobrychus exilis (Gmelin), least bittern S *
Nyctanassa violacea (Linnaeus), S *
yellow-crowned night-heron
Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus), S *
black-crowned night-heron
Family Threskiornithidae (ibises)
Eudocimus albus (Linnaeus), white ibis A
Plegadis chihi (Vieillot), white-faced ibis A
P. falcinellus (Linnaeus), glossy ibis A
Family Ciconiidae (storks)
Mycteria americana Linnaeus, wood stork A
Family Cathartidae (American vultures)
Cathartes aura (Linnaeus), turkey vulture R *
Coragyps atratus (Bechstein), black vulture R *
Order Anseriformes (swans, geese, and ducks)
Family Anatidae (swans, geese and ducks)
Aix sponsa (Linnaeus), wood duck R *
Anas acuta Linnaeus, northern pintail M *
A. americana Gmelin, American wigeon M (*)
A. clypeata Linnaeus, northern shoveler M *
A. crecca (Linnaeus), green-winged teal M *
A. cyanoptera Viellot, cinnamon teal A
A. discors Linnaeus, blue-winged teal S *
A. penelope Linnaeus, Eurasian Wigeon A
A. platyrhynchos Linnaeus, mallard R *
A. rubripes Brewster, American black duck R *
A strepera Linnaeus, gadwall M *
Anser albifrons (Scopoli), M
greater white-fronted goose
Aythya affinis (Eyton), lesser W (*)
scaup
A. americana (Eyton), redhead M *
A. collaris (Donovan), ring- M *
necked duck
A. marila (Linnaeus), greater W
scaup
A. valisineria (Wilson), M
canvasback
Branta bernicla (Linnaeus), brant A
B. canadensis (Linnaeus), Canada R *
goose
Bucephala albeola (Linnaeus), W
bufftehead
B. clangula (Linnaeus), common W
goldeneye
B. islandica (Gmelin), Barrow's A
goldeneye
Chen caerulescens (Linnacus), M
snow goose
C. rossii (Cassin), Ross's goose A
Clangula hyemalis (Linnacus), W
long-tailed duck
Cygnus buccinator Richardson, W (*)
trumpeter swan
C. colunbianus (Ord), tundra swan M
C. olor (Gmelin), mute swan R *
Dendrocygna bicolor (Vieillot), A
fulvous whistling-duck
Histrionicus histrionicus A
(Linnaeus), harlequin duck
Lophodytes cucullatus (Linnacus), R *
hooded merganser
Melanitta fusca (Linnaeus), M
white-winged scoter
M. nigra (Linnaeus), black scoter M
M. perspicillata (Linnaeus), surf M
scoter
Mergus Merganser Linnaeus, common W
merganser
M. serrator Linnacus, red- M *
breasted merganser
Oxyura jamaicensis (Gmelin), M *
ruddy duck
Somateria spectabilis (Linnaeus), A
king eider
Order Falconiformes (diurnal birds
of prey)
Family Accipitridae (kites,
eagles, hawks, and allies)
Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte), R *
Cooper's hawk
A. gentilis (Linnaeus), northern W
goshawk
A. striatus Vieillot, sharp- R *
shinned hawk
Aquila chrysaetos (Linnaeus), M
golden eagle
Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin), red- R *
tailed hawk
B. lagopus (Pontoppidan), rough- W
legged hawk
B. lineatus (Gmelin), red- R *
shouldered hawk
B. playpterus (Vieillot), broad- S *
winged hawk
B. regalis (Gray), ferruginous A
hawk
B. swainsoni Bonaparte, A
Swainson's hawk
Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus), R *
northern harrier
Elanoides forficatus (Linnaeus), A (*)
swallow-tailed kite
Elanus leucurus (Vieillot), A
white-tailed kite
Family Falconidae (falcons)
Falco columbarius Linnaeus, M
merlin
F. mexicanus Schlegel, prairie A
falcon
F. peregrinus Tunstall, R *
peregrine falcon
F. rusticolus Linnaeus, A
gyrfalcon
F. sparverius Linnaeus, American R *
kestrel
Haliaeetus leucocephalus R *
(Linnaeus), bald eagle
Ictinia mississippiensis A *
(Wilson), Mississippi kite
Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus), S *
osprey
Order Galliformes (gallinaceous
birds)
Family Phasianidae (grouse,
turkey, and quail)
Bonasa umbellus (Linnaeus), R *
ruffed grouse
Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus, R *
wild turkey
Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, R *
ring-necked pheasant
Family Odontophoridae (quail)
Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus), R *
northern bobwhite
Order Gruiformes (cranes, rails,
and allies)
Family Rallidae (rails,
gallinules, and coots)
Coturnicops noveboracensis M
(Gmelin), yellow rail
Fulica americana (Gmelin), R *
American coot
Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus), S *
common moorhen
Laterallus jamaicensis (Gmelin), A *
black rail
Porphyrio martinica (Linnaeus), A
purple gallinule
Porzana carolina (Linnaeus), S *
sora
Rallus elegans Audubon, king S *
rail
R. limicola Vieillot, Virginia R *
rail
Family Gruidae (cranes)
Grus canadensis (Linnaeus), M *
sandhill crane
G. grus (Linnaeus), common crane A
Order Charadriiformes (shorebirds,
gulls, auks, and allies)
Family Charadriidae (plovers)
Charadrius alexandrinus A
Linnaeus, snowy plover
C. melodus Ord, piping plover A (*)
C. semipalmatus Bonaparte, M
semipalmated plover
C. vociferus Linnaeus, killdeer R *
C. wilsonia Ord, Wilson's plover A
Pluvialis dominica (Muller), M
American golden-plover
P. squatarola (Linnaues), black- M
bellied plover
Family Recurvirostridae (stilts
and avocets)
Himantopus mexicanus (Muller), A
black-necked stilt
Recurvirostra americana Gmelin, M (*)
American avocet
Family Scolopacidae (sandpipers,
phalaropes, and allies)
Actitis macularia (Linnaeus), S *
spotted sandpiper
Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus), M
ruddy turnstone
Bartramia longicauda S *
(Bechstein), upland sandpiper
Calidris acuminata (Horsfield), A
sharp-tailed sandpiper
C. alba (Pallas), sanderling M
C. alpina (Linnaeus), dunlin M
C. bairdii (Coues), Baird's M
sandpiper
C. canutus (Linnaeus), red knot M
C. ferrugineu (Pontoppidan), A
curlew sandpiper
C. fuscicollis (Vieillot), M
white-rumped sandpiper
C. himantopus (Bonaparte), stilt M
sandpiper
C. maritima (Brunnich), purple W
sandpiper
C. mauri (Cabanis), western M
sandpiper
C. melanotos (Vieillot), M
pectoral sandpiper
C. minutilla (Vieillot), least M
sandpiper
C. pusillo (Linnaeus), M
semipalmated sandpiper
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus M
(Gmelin), willet
Gallinago delicata (Ord), R *
Wilson's snipe
Limnodromus griseus (Gmelin), M
short-billed dowitcher
L. scolopaceus (Say), long- M
billed dowitcher
Limosa fedoa (Linnaeus), marbled A
godwit
L. haemastica (Linnaeus), A
Hudsonian godwit
Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus), M
whimbrel
Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus), M
red phalarope
P. lobatus (Linnaeus), red-necked M
phalarope
P. tricolor (Vieillot), Wilson's M (*)
phalarope
Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus), A
ruff
Scolopax minor Gmelin, American S *
woodcock
Tringa flavipes (Gmelin), lesser M
yellowlegs
T. melanoleuca (Gmelin), greater M
yellowlegs
T. solitaria Wilson, solitary M
sandpiper
Tryngites subruficollis M
(Vieillot), buff-breasted
sandpiper
Family Laridae (jaegers, gulls,
terns, and skimmers)
Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck), A
white-winged tern
C. niger (Linnaeus), black tern S *
Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, R *
herring gull
L. atricilla Linnaeus, laughing M
gull
L. californicus Lawrence, A
California gull
L. canus Linnaeus, mew gull A
L. delawarensis Ord, ring-billed R *
gull
L. fuscus Linnaeus, Iesser black- A
backed gull
L. glaucoides Meyer, Iceland gull A
L. hyperboreus Gunnerus, glaucous W
gull
L. marinus Linnaeus, great black- M
backed gull
L. minutus Pallas, little gull A
L. philadelphia (Ord), Bonaparte's M
gull
L. pipixcan Wagler, Franklin's M
gull
L. ridibundus Linnaeus, black- A
headed gull
L. schistisagus Stejneger, slaty- A
backed gull
L. thayeri Brooks, Thayer's gull M
Rhodostethia rosea (MacGillivray), A
Ross's gull
Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus), A
black-legged kittiwake
Rynchops niger Linnaeus, black A
skimmer
Stercorarius logicaudus Vieillot, M
long-tailed jaeger
S. parasiticus (Linnaeus), M
parasitic jaeger
S. pomarinus (Temminck), pomarine M
jaeger
Sterna antillarum (Lesson), least S *
tern
S. caspia Pallas, Caspian tern M *
S. dougallii Montagu, roseate A
tern
S. forsteri Nuttall, Forster's M (*)
tern
S. fuscata Linnaeus, sooty tern A
S. hirundo Linnaeus, common tern M (*)
S. maxima Boddaert, royal tern A
S. nilotica Gmelin, gull-billed A
tern
S. paradisaea Pontoppidan, arctic A
tern
Xema sabini (Sabine), Sabine's A
gull
Family Alcidae (auks, murres, and
puffins)
Brachyramphus perdix (Pallas), A
long-billed murrelet
Synthliboramphus antiquus A
(Gmelin), ancient murrelet
Uria lomvia (Linnaeus), A
thick-billed murre
Order Columbiformes (pigeons and
doves)
Family Columbidae (pigeons and
doves)
Columba fasciata Say, A
band-tailed pigeon
C. livia Gmelin, rock dove R *
Columbina passerina (Linnaeus), A
common ground-dove
Streptopelia decaocto R *
(Frivaldsky), Eurasian
collared-dove
Zenaida asiatica (Linnacus), A
white-winged dove
Z. macroura (Linnaeus), mourning R *
dove
Order Cuculiformes (cuckoos)
Family Cuculidae (cuckoos)
Coccyzus americanus (Linnaeus), S *
yellow-billed cuckoo
C. erythrophthalmus (Wilson), S *
black-billed cuckoo
Crotophaga sulcirostris Swainson, A
groove-billed ani
Order Strigiformes (owls)
Family Tytonidae (barn owls)
Tyto alba (Scopoli), barn owl R *
Family Strigidae (typical owls)
Aegolius acadicus (Gmelin), W *
northern saw-whet owl
Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan), R *
short-eared owl
A. otus (Linnaeus), long-eared R *
owl
Athene cunicularia (Molina), A
burrowing owl
Bubo virginianus (Gmelin), great R *
horned owl
Nyctea scandiaca (Linnaeus), snow W
owl
Otus asio (Linnaeus), eastern R *
screech-owl
Strix varia Barton, barred owl R *
Order Caprimulgiformes
goatsuckers, oilbirds, and allies)
Family Caprimulgidae
(goatsuckers)
Caprimulgus carolinensis Gmelin, S *
chuck-will's-widow
C. vociferus Wilson, whip-poor- S *
will
Chordeiles minor (Forster), S *
common nighthawk
Order Apodiformes (swifts and
hummingbirds)
Family Apodidae (swifts)
Chaetura pelagica (Linnaeus), S *
chimney swift
Family Trochilidae (hummingbords)
Archilochus colubris (Linnaeus), S *
ruby-throated hummingbird
Selasphorus rufus (Gmelin), S *
rufous hummingbird
Order Coraciiformes (todies,
motmots, and kingfishers)
Family Alcedinidae (kingfishers)
Ceryle alcyon (Linnaeus), belted R *
kingfisher
Order Piciformes (woodpeckers and
allies)
Family Picidae (woodpeckers)
Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus), R *
northern flicker
Dryocopus pileatus (Linnaeus), R *
pileated woodpecker
Melanerpes carolinus (Linnaeus), R *
red-bellied woodspecker
M. erythrocephalus (Linnaeus), R *
red-headed woodpecker
Picoides arcticus (Swainson), A
black-backed woodpecker
P. pubescens (Linnaeus), downy R *
woodpecker
P. villosus (Linnaeus), hairy R *
woodpecker
Sphyrapicus varius (Linnaeus), M *
yellow-bellied sapsucker
Order Passeriformes (passerine
birds)
Family Tyrannidae (flycatchers)
Contopus cooperi (Nuttall), M
olive-sided flycatcher
C. sordidulus Sclater, western A
wood-pewee
C. virens (Linnaeus), eastern S *
wood-pewee
Empidonax alnorum Brewster, alder S *
flycatcher
E. flaviventris (Baird and Baird), M
yellow-bellied flycatcher
E. minimus (Baird and Baird), S *
least flycatcher
E. traillii (Audubon), willow S *
flycatcher
E. virescens (Vieillot), Acadian S *
flycatcher
Myiarchus crinitus (Linnaeus), S *
great crested flycatcher
Pyrocephalus rubinus (Boddaert), A
vermilion flycatcher
Sayornis phoebe (Latham), eastern R *
phoebe
S. saya (Bonaparte), Say's phoebe A
Tyrannus forficatus (Gmelin), A *
scissor-tailed flycatcher
T. tyrannus (Linnaeus), eastern S *
kingbird
T. verticalis Say, western A *
kingbird
Family Laniidae (shrikes)
Lanius excubitor Linnaeus, W
northern shrike
L. ludovicianus Linnaeus, R *
loggerhead shrike
Family Vireonidae (vireos)
Vireo bellii Audubon, Bell's vireo S *
V. flavifrons (Vieillot), yellow- S *
throated vireo
V. gilvus (Vieillot), warbling S *
vireo
V. griseus (Boddaert), white-eyed S *
vireo
V. olivaceus (Linnaeus), red-eyed S *
vireo
V. philadelphicus (Cassin), M
Philadelphia vireo
V. solitarius (Wilson), blue- M *
headed vireo
Family Corvidae (jays, magpies, and
crows)
Aphelocoma californica Vigors, A
western scrub-jay
Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm, R *
American crow
C. corax Linnaeus, common raven A (*)
C. ossifragus Wilson, fish crow S
Cyanocitta cristata (Linnaeus), R *
blue jay
Pica hudsonia (Linnaeus), black- A
billed magpie
Family Alaudidae (larks)
Eremophila alpestris (Linnaeus), R *
horned lark
Family Hirundinidae (swallows)
Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, barn S *
swallow
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota S *
Vieillot, cliff swallow
Progne subis (Linnaeus), purple S *
martin
Riparia riparia (Linnaeus), bank S *
swallow
Stelgidopteryx serripennis S *
(Audubon), northern rough-winged
swallow
Tachycineta bicolor (Vieillot), S *
tree swallow
Family Paridae (titmice)
Baeolophus bicolor Linnaeus, R *
tufted titmouse
Poecile atricapilla Linnaeus, R *
black-capped chickadee
P. carolinensis Audubon, Carolina R *
chickadee
P. hudsonia Forster, boreal A
chickadee
Family Sittidae (nuthatches)
Sitta canadensis Linnaeus, red- W *
breasted nuthatch
S. carolinensis Latham, white- R *
breasted nuthatch
Family Certhiidae (creepers)
Certhia americana Bonaparte, R *
brown creeper
Family Troglodytidae (wrens)
Cistothorus palustris (Wilson), S *
marsh wren
C. platensis (Latham), sedge wren S *
Salpinctes obsoletus (Say), rock A
wren
Thryomanes bewickii (Audubon), R *
Bewick's wren
Thryothorus ludovicianus (Latham) R *
Carolina wren
Troglodytes aedon Vieillot, house S *
wren
T. troglodytes (Linnaeus), winter W
wren
Family Regulidae (Kinglets)
Regulus calendula (Linnaeus), M
ruby-crowned kinglet
R. satrapa Lichtenstein, golden- W *
crowned kinglet
Family Sylviidae (old world
warblers)
Polioptila caerulea (Linnaeus), S *
blue-gray gnatcatcher
Family Turdidae (thrushes)
Catharus fuscescens (Stephens) S *
veery
C. guttatus (Pallas), hermit W
thrust
C. minimus (Lafresnaye), gray- M
cheeked thrush
C. ustulatus (Nuttall), Swainson's M
thrush
Hylocichla mustelina (Gmelin), S *
wood thrush
Ixoreus naevius (Gmelin), varied A
thrush
Myadestes townsendi (Audubon), A
Townsend's solitaire
Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus), A
northern wheatear
Sialia currucoides (Bechstein), A
mountain bluebird
S. sialis (Linnaeus) eastern R *
bluebird
Turdus migratorius Linnaeus, R *
American robin
Family Mimidae (mimic thrushes)
Dumetella carolinensis (Linaeus), S *
gray catbird
Mimus polyglottos (Linnaeus), R *
northern mockingbird
Toxostoma rufum (Linnaeus), brown R *
thrasher
Family Sturnidae (starlings)
Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, R *
European starling
Family Motacillidae (wagtails and
pipits)
Anthus rubescens (Tunstall), M
American pipit
Family Bombycillidae (waxwings)
Bombycilla cedrorum Vieillot, R *
cedar waxwing
B. garrulus (Linnaeus), Bohemian W
waxwing
Family Parulidae (new world
warblers)
Dendroica caerulescens (Gmelin), M
black-throated blue warbler
D. castanea (Wilson), bay-breasted M
warbler
D. cerulea (Wilson), cerulean S *
warbler
D. coronata (Linnaeus), W
yellow-rumped warbler
D. discolor (Vieillot), prairie S *
warbler
D. dominica (Linnaeus), S *
yellow-throated warbler
D. fusca (Muller), blackburnian M *
warbler
D. kirtlandii (Baird), Kirkland's M
warbler
D. magnolia (Wilson), magnolia M *
warbler
D. nigrescens (Townsend), A
black-throated gray warbler
D. palmarum (Gmelin), palm warbler M
D. pensylvanica (Linnaeus), M *
chestnut-sided warbler
D. petechia (Linnaeus), yellow S *
warbler
D. pinus (Wilson), pine warbler S *
D. striata (Forster), blackpoll M
warbler
D. tigrina (Gmelin), Cape May M
wabler
D. townsendi (Townsend), A
Townsend's warbler
D. virens (Gmelin), black-throated S *
green warbler
Geothlypis trichas (Linnaeus), S *
common yellowthroat
Helmitheros vermivorus (Gmelin), S *
worm-eating warbler
Iceteria virens (Linnaeus), S *
yellow-breasted chat
Limnothlypis swainsonii (Audubon), A
Swainson's warbler
Mniotilta varia (Linnaeus), black- S *
and-white warbler
Oporornis agilis (Wilson), M
Connecticut warbler
O. formosus (Wilson), Kentucky S *
warbler
O. philadelphia (Wilson), mourning M
warbler
Parula americana (Linnaeus), S *
northern parula
Protonotaria citrea (Boddaert), S *
prothonotary warbler
Seiurus aurocapillus (Linnaeus), S *
ovenbird
S. motacilla (Vieillot), Louisiana S *
waterthrush
S. noveboracensis (Gmelin), S *
northern waterthrush
Setophaga ruticilla (Linnaeus), S *
American redstart
Vermivora celata (Say), orange- M
crowned warbler
V. chrysoptera (Linnaeus), golden- S *
winged warbler
V. peregrina (Wilson), Tennessee M
warbler
V. pinus (Linnaeus), blue-winged S *
warbler
V. ruficapilla (Wilson), Nashville M
warbler
Wilsonia canadensis (Linnaeus), M *
Canada warbler
W. citrina (Boddaert), hooded S *
warbler
W. pusilla (Wilson), Wilson's M
warbler
Family Thraupidae (tanagers)
Piranga ludoviciana (Wilson), A
western tanager
P. olivacea (Gmelin), scarlet S *
tanager
P. rubra (Linnaeus), summer S *
tanager
Family Emberizidae (new world
sparrows)
Aimophila aestivalis S (*)
(Lichtenstein), Bachman's sparrow
A. cassinii (Woodhouse), Cassin's A
sparrow
Ammodramus henslowii (Audubon), S *
Henslow's sparrow
A. leconteii (Audubon), LeConte's W
sparrow
A. nelsoni (Allen), Nelson's M
sharp-tailed sparrow
A. savannarum (Gmelin), S *
grasshopper sparrow
Calamospiza melanocorys Stejneger, A
lark bunting
Calcarius lapponicus (Linnaeus), W
Lapland longspur
C. mccownii (Lawrence), McCown's A
longspur
C. pictus (Swainson), Smith's W
longspur
Chondestes grammacus (Say), lark S *
sparrow
Junco hyemalis (Linnaeus), dark- W
eyed junco
Melospiza georgiana (Latham), swam R *
sparrow
M. lincolnii (Audubon), Lincoln's M
sparrow
M. melodia (Wilson), song sparrow R *
Passerculus sandwichensis (Gmelin) S *
savannah sparrow
Passerella iliaca (Merrem), fox W
sparrow
Pipilo chlorurus (Audubon), green- A
tailed towhee
P. erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus), R *
eastern towhee
P. maculatus (Swainson), spotted A
towhee
Plectrophenax nivalis (Linnaeus), W
snow bunting
Pooecetes gramineus (Gmelin), S *
vesper sparrow
Spizella arborea (Wilson), W
American tree sparrow
S. pallida (Swainson), A
clay-colored sparrow
S. passerina (Bechstein), chipping S *
sparrow
S. pusilla (Wilson), field sparrow R *
Zonotrichia albicollis (Gmelin), W
white-throated sparrow
Z. leucophrys (Forster), white- W
crowned sparrow
Z. querula (Nuttall), Harris's W
sparrow
Family Cardinalidae (grosbeaks)
Cardinalis cardinalis (Linnacus), R *
northern cardinal
Passerina caerulea (Linnaeus), S *
blue grosbeak
P. ciris (Linnaeus), painted A
bunting
P. cyanea (Linnaeus), indigo S *
bunting
Pheucticus ludovicianus S *
(Linnaeus), rose-breasted
grosbeak
P. melanocephalus (Swainson), A
black-headed grosbeak
Spiza americana (Gmelin), S *
dickcissel
Family Icteridae (icterines)
Agelaius phoeniceus (Linnaeus), R *
red-winged blackbird
Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linnaeus), S *
bobolink
Euphagus carolinus (Muller), rusty W
blackbird
E. cyanocephalus (Wagler), M *
Brewer's blackbird
Icteris galbula (Linnaeus), S *
Baltimore oriole
I. spurius (Linnaeus), orchard S *
oriole
Molothrus ater (Boddaert), R *
brown-headed cowbird
Quiscalus mexicanus (Gmelin), A
great-tailed grackle
Q. quiscula (Linnaeus), common R *
grackle
Sturnella magna (Linnaeus), R *
eastern meadowlark
S. neglecta (Audubon), western R *
meadowlark
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus S *
(Bonaparte), yellow-headed
blackbird
Family Fringillidae (finches)
Carduelis flammea (Linnaeus), W
common redpoll
C. hornemanni (Holboll), hoary A
redpoll
C. pinus (Wilson), pine siskin W *
C. tristis (Linnaeus), American R *
goldfinch
Carpodacus mexicanus (Muller), R *
house finch
C. purpureus (Gmelin), purple W
finch
Coccothraustes vespertinus W
(Cooper), evening grosbeak
Fringilla montifringilla Linnaeus, A
brambling
Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus, red W *
crossbill
L. leuceoptera Gmelin, W
white-winged crossbill
Pinicola enucleator (Linnaeus), W
pine grosbeak
Family Passeridae (weaver finches)
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus), R *
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus), R *
house sparrow
P. montanus (Linnaeus), A
Eurasian tree sparrow
Extirpated:
Campephilus principalis H (*)
(Linnaeus), ivory-billed
woodpecker
Conuropsis carolinensis R (*)
(Linnaeus), Carolina parakeet
Ectopistes migratorius R (*)
(Linnaeus), passenger pigeon
Grus americana (Linnaeus), M
whooping crane
Numenius borealis (Forster), M
eskimo curlew
Perdix perdix (Linnaeus), gray R (*)
partridge
Tympanuchus cupido (Linnaeus), R (*)
greater prairie-chicken
Vermivora bachmanii (Audubon), H
Bachman's warbler
Status
CLASS AVES
Order Gaviiformes (loons)
Family Gaviidae (loons)
Gavia adamsii (Gray), yellow-
billed loon
G. immer (Brunnich), common loon
G. pacifica (Lawrence), pacific
loon
G. stellata (Pontoppidan), red-
throated loon
Order Podicipediformes (grebes)
Family Podicipedidae (grebes)
Aechmophorus occidentalis
(Lawrence), western grebe
Podiceps auritus (Linnaeus),
horned grebe
P. grisegena (Boddaert),red-
necked grebe
P. nigricollis Brehm, eared grebe
Podilymbus podiceps (Linnaeus),
pied-billed grebe
Order Procellariiformes (tube-nosed
swimmers)
Family Hydrobatidae (storm-
petrels)
Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt),
band-rumped storm-petrel
Order Pelecaniformes (totipalmate
swimmers)
Family Sulidae (boobies and
gannets)
Morus bassanus (Linnaeus),
northern gannet
Family Pelecanidae (pelicans)
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin,
American white pelican
P. occidentalis Linnaeus, brown
pelican
Family Phalacrocoracidae
(cormorants)
Phalacrocorax auritus (Lesson),
double-crested cormorant
Family Fregatidae (frigatebirds)
Fregata magnificens Mathews,
magnificent frigatebird
Order Ciconiiformes (herons,
ibises, storks, and allies)
Family Ardeidae (bitterns and
herons)
Ardea alba (Linnaeus), great SC
egret
Ardea herodias Linnaeus, great
blue heron
Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett), SE
American bittern
Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus), cattle
egret
Butorides virescens (Linnaeus),
Butorides virescens (Linnaeus), green heron
Egretta caerulea (Linnaeus), little blue heron
E. rufescens (Gmelin), reddish egret
E. thula (Molina), snowy egret
E. tricolor (Muller), tricolored heron
Ixobrychus exilis (Gmelin), least bittern SE
Nyctanassa violacea (Linnaeus), SE
yellow-crowned night-heron
Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus), SE
black-crowned night-heron
Family Threskiornithidae (ibises)
Eudocimus albus (Linnaeus), white ibis
Plegadis chihi (Vieillot), white-faced ibis
P. falcinellus (Linnaeus), glossy ibis
Family Ciconiidae (storks)
Mycteria americana Linnaeus, wood stork FE
Family Cathartidae (American vultures)
Cathartes aura (Linnaeus), turkey vulture
Coragyps atratus (Bechstein), black vulture
Order Anseriformes (swans, geese, and ducks)
Family Anatidae (swans, geese and ducks)
Aix sponsa (Linnaeus), wood duck
Anas acuta Linnaeus, northern pintail
A. americana Gmelin, American wigeon
A. clypeata Linnaeus, northern shoveler
A. crecca (Linnaeus), green-winged teal
A. cyanoptera Viellot, cinnamon teal
A. discors Linnaeus, blue-winged teal
A. penelope Linnaeus, Eurasian Wigeon
A. platyrhynchos Linnaeus, mallard
A. rubripes Brewster, American black duck
A strepera Linnaeus, gadwall
Anser albifrons (Scopoli),
greater white-fronted goose
Aythya affinis (Eyton), lesser
scaup
A. americana (Eyton), redhead
A. collaris (Donovan), ring-
necked duck
A. marila (Linnaeus), greater
scaup
A. valisineria (Wilson),
canvasback
Branta bernicla (Linnaeus), brant
B. canadensis (Linnaeus), Canada
goose
Bucephala albeola (Linnaeus),
bufftehead
B. clangula (Linnaeus), common
goldeneye
B. islandica (Gmelin), Barrow's
goldeneye
Chen caerulescens (Linnacus),
snow goose
C. rossii (Cassin), Ross's goose
Clangula hyemalis (Linnacus),
long-tailed duck
Cygnus buccinator Richardson, SE
trumpeter swan
C. colunbianus (Ord), tundra swan
C. olor (Gmelin), mute swan X
Dendrocygna bicolor (Vieillot),
fulvous whistling-duck
Histrionicus histrionicus
(Linnaeus), harlequin duck
Lophodytes cucullatus (Linnacus),
hooded merganser
Melanitta fusca (Linnaeus),
white-winged scoter
M. nigra (Linnaeus), black scoter
M. perspicillata (Linnaeus), surf
scoter
Mergus Merganser Linnaeus, common
merganser
M. serrator Linnacus, red-
breasted merganser
Oxyura jamaicensis (Gmelin),
ruddy duck
Somateria spectabilis (Linnaeus),
king eider
Order Falconiformes (diurnal birds
of prey)
Family Accipitridae (kites,
eagles, hawks, and allies)
Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte),
Cooper's hawk
A. gentilis (Linnaeus), northern
goshawk
A. striatus Vieillot, sharp- SC
shinned hawk
Aquila chrysaetos (Linnaeus),
golden eagle
Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin), red-
tailed hawk
B. lagopus (Pontoppidan), rough-
legged hawk
B. lineatus (Gmelin), red- SC
shouldered hawk
B. playpterus (Vieillot), broad- SC
winged hawk
B. regalis (Gray), ferruginous
hawk
B. swainsoni Bonaparte,
Swainson's hawk
Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus), SE
northern harrier
Elanoides forficatus (Linnaeus), SE
swallow-tailed kite
Elanus leucurus (Vieillot),
white-tailed kite
Family Falconidae (falcons)
Falco columbarius Linnaeus,
merlin
F. mexicanus Schlegel, prairie
falcon
F. peregrinus Tunstall, SE
peregrine falcon
F. rusticolus Linnaeus,
gyrfalcon
F. sparverius Linnaeus, American
kestrel
Haliaeetus leucocephalus SE, FT
(Linnaeus), bald eagle
Ictinia mississippiensis SC
(Wilson), Mississippi kite
Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus), SE
osprey
Order Galliformes (gallinaceous
birds)
Family Phasianidae (grouse,
turkey, and quail)
Bonasa umbellus (Linnaeus),
ruffed grouse
Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus,
wild turkey
Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, X
ring-necked pheasant
Family Odontophoridae (quail)
Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus),
northern bobwhite
Order Gruiformes (cranes, rails,
and allies)
Family Rallidae (rails,
gallinules, and coots)
Coturnicops noveboracensis
(Gmelin), yellow rail
Fulica americana (Gmelin),
American coot
Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus),
common moorhen
Laterallus jamaicensis (Gmelin), SE
black rail
Porphyrio martinica (Linnaeus),
purple gallinule
Porzana carolina (Linnaeus),
sora
Rallus elegans Audubon, king SE
rail
R. limicola Vieillot, Virginia SE
rail
Family Gruidae (cranes)
Grus canadensis (Linnaeus), SC
sandhill crane
G. grus (Linnaeus), common crane
Order Charadriiformes (shorebirds,
gulls, auks, and allies)
Family Charadriidae (plovers)
Charadrius alexandrinus
Linnaeus, snowy plover
C. melodus Ord, piping plover SE, FE
C. semipalmatus Bonaparte,
semipalmated plover
C. vociferus Linnaeus, killdeer
C. wilsonia Ord, Wilson's plover
Pluvialis dominica (Muller),
American golden-plover
P. squatarola (Linnaues), black-
bellied plover
Family Recurvirostridae (stilts
and avocets)
Himantopus mexicanus (Muller),
black-necked stilt
Recurvirostra americana Gmelin,
American avocet
Family Scolopacidae (sandpipers,
phalaropes, and allies)
Actitis macularia (Linnaeus),
spotted sandpiper
Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus),
ruddy turnstone
Bartramia longicauda SE
(Bechstein), upland sandpiper
Calidris acuminata (Horsfield),
sharp-tailed sandpiper
C. alba (Pallas), sanderling
C. alpina (Linnaeus), dunlin
C. bairdii (Coues), Baird's
sandpiper
C. canutus (Linnaeus), red knot
C. ferrugineu (Pontoppidan),
curlew sandpiper
C. fuscicollis (Vieillot),
white-rumped sandpiper
C. himantopus (Bonaparte), stilt
sandpiper
C. maritima (Brunnich), purple
sandpiper
C. mauri (Cabanis), western
sandpiper
C. melanotos (Vieillot),
pectoral sandpiper
C. minutilla (Vieillot), least
sandpiper
C. pusillo (Linnaeus),
semipalmated sandpiper
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
(Gmelin), willet
Gallinago delicata (Ord),
Wilson's snipe
Limnodromus griseus (Gmelin),
short-billed dowitcher
L. scolopaceus (Say), long-
billed dowitcher
Limosa fedoa (Linnaeus), marbled
godwit
L. haemastica (Linnaeus),
Hudsonian godwit
Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus),
whimbrel
Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus),
red phalarope
P. lobatus (Linnaeus), red-necked
phalarope
P. tricolor (Vieillot), Wilson's
phalarope
Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus),
ruff
Scolopax minor Gmelin, American
woodcock
Tringa flavipes (Gmelin), lesser
yellowlegs
T. melanoleuca (Gmelin), greater
yellowlegs
T. solitaria Wilson, solitary
sandpiper
Tryngites subruficollis
(Vieillot), buff-breasted
sandpiper
Family Laridae (jaegers, gulls,
terns, and skimmers)
Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck),
white-winged tern
C. niger (Linnaeus), black tern SE
Larus argentatus Pontoppidan,
herring gull
L. atricilla Linnaeus, laughing
gull
L. californicus Lawrence,
California gull
L. canus Linnaeus, mew gull
L. delawarensis Ord, ring-billed
gull
L. fuscus Linnaeus, Iesser black-
backed gull
L. glaucoides Meyer, Iceland gull
L. hyperboreus Gunnerus, glaucous
gull
L. marinus Linnaeus, great black-
backed gull
L. minutus Pallas, little gull
L. philadelphia (Ord), Bonaparte's
gull
L. pipixcan Wagler, Franklin's
gull
L. ridibundus Linnaeus, black-
headed gull
L. schistisagus Stejneger, slaty-
backed gull
L. thayeri Brooks, Thayer's gull
Rhodostethia rosea (MacGillivray),
Ross's gull
Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus),
black-legged kittiwake
Rynchops niger Linnaeus, black
skimmer
Stercorarius logicaudus Vieillot,
long-tailed jaeger
S. parasiticus (Linnaeus),
parasitic jaeger
S. pomarinus (Temminck), pomarine
jaeger
Sterna antillarum (Lesson), least SE, FE
tern
S. caspia Pallas, Caspian tern
S. dougallii Montagu, roseate FE
tern
S. forsteri Nuttall, Forster's
tern
S. fuscata Linnaeus, sooty tern
S. hirundo Linnaeus, common tern
S. maxima Boddaert, royal tern
S. nilotica Gmelin, gull-billed
tern
S. paradisaea Pontoppidan, arctic
tern
Xema sabini (Sabine), Sabine's
gull
Family Alcidae (auks, murres, and
puffins)
Brachyramphus perdix (Pallas),
long-billed murrelet
Synthliboramphus antiquus
(Gmelin), ancient murrelet
Uria lomvia (Linnaeus),
thick-billed murre
Order Columbiformes (pigeons and
doves)
Family Columbidae (pigeons and
doves)
Columba fasciata Say,
band-tailed pigeon
C. livia Gmelin, rock dove X
Columbina passerina (Linnaeus),
common ground-dove
Streptopelia decaocto X
(Frivaldsky), Eurasian
collared-dove
Zenaida asiatica (Linnacus),
white-winged dove
Z. macroura (Linnaeus), mourning
dove
Order Cuculiformes (cuckoos)
Family Cuculidae (cuckoos)
Coccyzus americanus (Linnaeus),
yellow-billed cuckoo
C. erythrophthalmus (Wilson),
black-billed cuckoo
Crotophaga sulcirostris Swainson,
groove-billed ani
Order Strigiformes (owls)
Family Tytonidae (barn owls)
Tyto alba (Scopoli), barn owl SE
Family Strigidae (typical owls)
Aegolius acadicus (Gmelin),
northern saw-whet owl
Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan), SE
short-eared owl
A. otus (Linnaeus), long-eared
owl
Athene cunicularia (Molina),
burrowing owl
Bubo virginianus (Gmelin), great
horned owl
Nyctea scandiaca (Linnaeus), snow
owl
Otus asio (Linnaeus), eastern
screech-owl
Strix varia Barton, barred owl
Order Caprimulgiformes
goatsuckers, oilbirds, and allies)
Family Caprimulgidae
(goatsuckers)
Caprimulgus carolinensis Gmelin,
chuck-will's-widow
C. vociferus Wilson, whip-poor-
will
Chordeiles minor (Forster),
common nighthawk
Order Apodiformes (swifts and
hummingbirds)
Family Apodidae (swifts)
Chaetura pelagica (Linnaeus),
chimney swift
Family Trochilidae (hummingbords)
Archilochus colubris (Linnaeus),
ruby-throated hummingbird
Selasphorus rufus (Gmelin),
rufous hummingbird
Order Coraciiformes (todies,
motmots, and kingfishers)
Family Alcedinidae (kingfishers)
Ceryle alcyon (Linnaeus), belted
kingfisher
Order Piciformes (woodpeckers and
allies)
Family Picidae (woodpeckers)
Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus),
northern flicker
Dryocopus pileatus (Linnaeus),
pileated woodpecker
Melanerpes carolinus (Linnaeus),
red-bellied woodspecker
M. erythrocephalus (Linnaeus),
red-headed woodpecker
Picoides arcticus (Swainson),
black-backed woodpecker
P. pubescens (Linnaeus), downy
woodpecker
P. villosus (Linnaeus), hairy
woodpecker
Sphyrapicus varius (Linnaeus),
yellow-bellied sapsucker
Order Passeriformes (passerine
birds)
Family Tyrannidae (flycatchers)
Contopus cooperi (Nuttall),
olive-sided flycatcher
C. sordidulus Sclater, western
wood-pewee
C. virens (Linnaeus), eastern
wood-pewee
Empidonax alnorum Brewster, alder
flycatcher
E. flaviventris (Baird and Baird),
yellow-bellied flycatcher
E. minimus (Baird and Baird),
least flycatcher
E. traillii (Audubon), willow
flycatcher
E. virescens (Vieillot), Acadian
flycatcher
Myiarchus crinitus (Linnaeus),
great crested flycatcher
Pyrocephalus rubinus (Boddaert),
vermilion flycatcher
Sayornis phoebe (Latham), eastern
phoebe
S. saya (Bonaparte), Say's phoebe
Tyrannus forficatus (Gmelin),
scissor-tailed flycatcher
T. tyrannus (Linnaeus), eastern
kingbird
T. verticalis Say, western
kingbird
Family Laniidae (shrikes)
Lanius excubitor Linnaeus,
northern shrike
L. ludovicianus Linnaeus, SE, FC
loggerhead shrike
Family Vireonidae (vireos)
Vireo bellii Audubon, Bell's vireo
V. flavifrons (Vieillot), yellow-
throated vireo
V. gilvus (Vieillot), warbling
vireo
V. griseus (Boddaert), white-eyed
vireo
V. olivaceus (Linnaeus), red-eyed
vireo
V. philadelphicus (Cassin),
Philadelphia vireo
V. solitarius (Wilson), blue-
headed vireo
Family Corvidae (jays, magpies, and
crows)
Aphelocoma californica Vigors,
western scrub-jay
Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm,
American crow
C. corax Linnaeus, common raven
C. ossifragus Wilson, fish crow
Cyanocitta cristata (Linnaeus),
blue jay
Pica hudsonia (Linnaeus), black-
billed magpie
Family Alaudidae (larks)
Eremophila alpestris (Linnaeus),
horned lark
Family Hirundinidae (swallows)
Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, barn
swallow
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
Vieillot, cliff swallow
Progne subis (Linnaeus), purple
martin
Riparia riparia (Linnaeus), bank
swallow
Stelgidopteryx serripennis
(Audubon), northern rough-winged
swallow
Tachycineta bicolor (Vieillot),
tree swallow
Family Paridae (titmice)
Baeolophus bicolor Linnaeus,
tufted titmouse
Poecile atricapilla Linnaeus,
black-capped chickadee
P. carolinensis Audubon, Carolina
chickadee
P. hudsonia Forster, boreal
chickadee
Family Sittidae (nuthatches)
Sitta canadensis Linnaeus, red-
breasted nuthatch
S. carolinensis Latham, white-
breasted nuthatch
Family Certhiidae (creepers)
Certhia americana Bonaparte,
brown creeper
Family Troglodytidae (wrens)
Cistothorus palustris (Wilson), SE
marsh wren
C. platensis (Latham), sedge wren SE
Salpinctes obsoletus (Say), rock
wren
Thryomanes bewickii (Audubon), SE
Bewick's wren
Thryothorus ludovicianus (Latham)
Carolina wren
Troglodytes aedon Vieillot, house
wren
T. troglodytes (Linnaeus), winter
wren
Family Regulidae (Kinglets)
Regulus calendula (Linnaeus),
ruby-crowned kinglet
R. satrapa Lichtenstein, golden-
crowned kinglet
Family Sylviidae (old world
warblers)
Polioptila caerulea (Linnaeus),
blue-gray gnatcatcher
Family Turdidae (thrushes)
Catharus fuscescens (Stephens)
veery
C. guttatus (Pallas), hermit
thrust
C. minimus (Lafresnaye), gray-
cheeked thrush
C. ustulatus (Nuttall), Swainson's
thrush
Hylocichla mustelina (Gmelin),
wood thrush
Ixoreus naevius (Gmelin), varied
thrush
Myadestes townsendi (Audubon),
Townsend's solitaire
Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus),
northern wheatear
Sialia currucoides (Bechstein),
mountain bluebird
S. sialis (Linnaeus) eastern
bluebird
Turdus migratorius Linnaeus, X
American robin
Family Mimidae (mimic thrushes)
Dumetella carolinensis (Linaeus),
gray catbird
Mimus polyglottos (Linnaeus),
northern mockingbird
Toxostoma rufum (Linnaeus), brown
thrasher
Family Sturnidae (starlings)
Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus,
European starling
Family Motacillidae (wagtails and
pipits)
Anthus rubescens (Tunstall),
American pipit
Family Bombycillidae (waxwings)
Bombycilla cedrorum Vieillot,
cedar waxwing
B. garrulus (Linnaeus), Bohemian
waxwing
Family Parulidae (new world
warblers)
Dendroica caerulescens (Gmelin),
black-throated blue warbler
D. castanea (Wilson), bay-breasted
warbler
D. cerulea (Wilson), cerulean SC
warbler
D. coronata (Linnaeus),
yellow-rumped warbler
D. discolor (Vieillot), prairie
warbler
D. dominica (Linnaeus),
yellow-throated warbler
D. fusca (Muller), blackburnian
warbler
D. kirtlandii (Baird), Kirkland's SE, FE
warbler
D. magnolia (Wilson), magnolia
warbler
D. nigrescens (Townsend),
black-throated gray warbler
D. palmarum (Gmelin), palm warbler
D. pensylvanica (Linnaeus),
chestnut-sided warbler
D. petechia (Linnaeus), yellow
warbler
D. pinus (Wilson), pine warbler
D. striata (Forster), blackpoll
warbler
D. tigrina (Gmelin), Cape May
wabler
D. townsendi (Townsend),
Townsend's warbler
D. virens (Gmelin), black-throated
green warbler
Geothlypis trichas (Linnaeus), SC
common yellowthroat
Helmitheros vermivorus (Gmelin),
worm-eating warbler
Iceteria virens (Linnaeus),
yellow-breasted chat
Limnothlypis swainsonii (Audubon),
Swainson's warbler
Mniotilta varia (Linnaeus), black-
and-white warbler
Oporornis agilis (Wilson),
Connecticut warbler
O. formosus (Wilson), Kentucky
warbler
O. philadelphia (Wilson), mourning
warbler
Parula americana (Linnaeus),
northern parula
Protonotaria citrea (Boddaert),
prothonotary warbler
Seiurus aurocapillus (Linnaeus),
ovenbird
S. motacilla (Vieillot), Louisiana
waterthrush
S. noveboracensis (Gmelin),
northern waterthrush
Setophaga ruticilla (Linnaeus),
American redstart
Vermivora celata (Say), orange-
crowned warbler
V. chrysoptera (Linnaeus), golden- SE
winged warbler
V. peregrina (Wilson), Tennessee
warbler
V. pinus (Linnaeus), blue-winged
warbler
V. ruficapilla (Wilson), Nashville
warbler
Wilsonia canadensis (Linnaeus),
Canada warbler
W. citrina (Boddaert), hooded SC
warbler
W. pusilla (Wilson), Wilson's
warbler
Family Thraupidae (tanagers)
Piranga ludoviciana (Wilson),
western tanager
P. olivacea (Gmelin), scarlet
tanager
P. rubra (Linnaeus), summer
tanager
Family Emberizidae (new world
sparrows)
Aimophila aestivalis SE
(Lichtenstein), Bachman's sparrow
A. cassinii (Woodhouse), Cassin's
sparrow
Ammodramus henslowii (Audubon), SE
Henslow's sparrow
A. leconteii (Audubon), LeConte's
sparrow
A. nelsoni (Allen), Nelson's
sharp-tailed sparrow
A. savannarum (Gmelin),
grasshopper sparrow
Calamospiza melanocorys Stejneger,
lark bunting
Calcarius lapponicus (Linnaeus),
Lapland longspur
C. mccownii (Lawrence), McCown's
longspur
C. pictus (Swainson), Smith's
longspur
Chondestes grammacus (Say), lark
sparrow
Junco hyemalis (Linnaeus), dark-
eyed junco
Melospiza georgiana (Latham), swam
sparrow
M. lincolnii (Audubon), Lincoln's
sparrow
M. melodia (Wilson), song sparrow
Passerculus sandwichensis (Gmelin)
savannah sparrow
Passerella iliaca (Merrem), fox
sparrow
Pipilo chlorurus (Audubon), green-
tailed towhee
P. erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus),
eastern towhee
P. maculatus (Swainson), spotted
towhee
Plectrophenax nivalis (Linnaeus),
snow bunting
Pooecetes gramineus (Gmelin),
vesper sparrow
Spizella arborea (Wilson),
American tree sparrow
S. pallida (Swainson),
clay-colored sparrow
S. passerina (Bechstein), chipping
sparrow
S. pusilla (Wilson), field sparrow
Zonotrichia albicollis (Gmelin),
white-throated sparrow
Z. leucophrys (Forster), white-
crowned sparrow
Z. querula (Nuttall), Harris's
sparrow
Family Cardinalidae (grosbeaks)
Cardinalis cardinalis (Linnacus),
northern cardinal
Passerina caerulea (Linnaeus),
blue grosbeak
P. ciris (Linnaeus), painted
bunting
P. cyanea (Linnaeus), indigo
bunting
Pheucticus ludovicianus
(Linnaeus), rose-breasted
grosbeak
P. melanocephalus (Swainson),
black-headed grosbeak
Spiza americana (Gmelin),
dickcissel
Family Icteridae (icterines)
Agelaius phoeniceus (Linnaeus),
red-winged blackbird
Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linnaeus),
bobolink
Euphagus carolinus (Muller), rusty
blackbird
E. cyanocephalus (Wagler),
Brewer's blackbird
Icteris galbula (Linnaeus),
Baltimore oriole
I. spurius (Linnaeus), orchard
oriole
Molothrus ater (Boddaert),
brown-headed cowbird
Quiscalus mexicanus (Gmelin),
great-tailed grackle
Q. quiscula (Linnaeus), common
grackle
Sturnella magna (Linnaeus),
eastern meadowlark
S. neglecta (Audubon), western SC
meadowlark
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus SE
(Bonaparte), yellow-headed
blackbird
Family Fringillidae (finches)
Carduelis flammea (Linnaeus),
common redpoll
C. hornemanni (Holboll), hoary
redpoll
C. pinus (Wilson), pine siskin
C. tristis (Linnaeus), American
goldfinch
Carpodacus mexicanus (Muller), X
house finch
C. purpureus (Gmelin), purple
finch
Coccothraustes vespertinus
(Cooper), evening grosbeak
Fringilla montifringilla Linnaeus,
brambling
Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus, red
crossbill
L. leuceoptera Gmelin,
white-winged crossbill
Pinicola enucleator (Linnaeus),
pine grosbeak
Family Passeridae (weaver finches)
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus), X
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus), X
house sparrow
P. montanus (Linnaeus), X
Eurasian tree sparrow
Extirpated:
Campephilus principalis FE, Ex (1814)
(Linnaeus), ivory-billed
woodpecker
Conuropsis carolinensis Ex (1859)
(Linnaeus), Carolina parakeet
Ectopistes migratorius Ex (1902)
(Linnaeus), passenger pigeon
Grus americana (Linnaeus), SE, FE, Ex (1907)
whooping crane
Numenius borealis (Forster), FE, Ex (1890)
eskimo curlew
Perdix perdix (Linnaeus), gray X, Ex (1977)
partridge
Tympanuchus cupido (Linnaeus), Ex (1972)
greater prairie-chicken
Vermivora bachmanii (Audubon), FE, Ex (1899)
Bachman's warbler
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS See About this product. The authors wish to thank the Biological Survey Committee of the Indiana Academy of Science for the charge of assembling this list of taxa. Additional thanks is specifically extended to Alan A`lan´ n. 1. A wolfhound. Bruner Bruner could refer to: People:
Born in Elrose, Saskatchewan, he served as Minister of Agriculture , Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development , Minister of National Defence , Minister of Energy, Mines and , Charles Charles, archduke of Austria Charles, 1771–1847, archduke of Austria; brother of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II. Despite his epilepsy, he was the ablest Austrian commander in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars; however, he was handicapped by Keller, Kenneth Brock brock n. Chiefly British A badger. [Middle English brok, from Old English broc, of Celtic origin.] , Dan Webster Webster, town (1990 pop. 16,196), Worcester co., S Mass., near the Conn. line; settled c.1713, set off from Dudley and Oxford and inc. 1832. The chief manufactures are footwear, fabrics, and textiles. , and to several anonymous Nameless. See anonymous post and anonymous Web surfing. reviewers for comments on previous drafts of the manuscript manuscript, a handwritten work as distinguished from printing. The oldest manuscripts, those found in Egyptian tombs, were written on papyrus; the earliest dates from c.3500 B.C. . Sherman Sherman, city (1990 pop. 31,601), seat of Grayson co., N Tex., near the Red River; inc. 1858. Originally on a stagecoach route, it is a highway and railroad junction. Manufactures include electronic equipment, processed foods, military equipment, and metal products. A. Minton (1) (1.) Deceased deceased 1) adj. dead. 2) n. the person who has died, as used in the handling of his/her estate, probate of will and other proceedings after death, or in reference to the victim of a homicide (as: "The deceased had been shot three times. . LITERATURE CITED CITED Copyright in Transmitted Electronic Documents CITEd Center for Implementing Technology in Education American Fisheries Society. 1991. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area. and Canada Canada (kăn`ədə), independent nation (2001 pop. 30,007,094), 3,851,787 sq mi (9,976,128 sq km), N North America. Canada occupies all of North America N of the United States (and E of Alaska) except for Greenland and the French islands of . American Fisheries Society Special Publication 20. 183 pp. American Ornithologists' Union. 1998. Check-list of North American Birds <onlyinclude> This list of North American birds is a comprehensive listing of all the bird species known from the North American continent north of Mexico. </onlyinclude> . 7th ed. American Ornithologists' Union. 829 pp. Burr, B.M. & M.L. Warren, Jr. 1986. A Distributional Atlas Atlas, in Greek mythology Atlas (ăt`ləs), in Greek mythology, a Titan; son of Iapetus and Clymene and the brother of Prometheus. of Kentucky Kentucky, state, United States Kentucky (kəntŭk`ē, kĭn–), one of the so-called border states of the S central United States. It is bordered by West Virginia and Virginia (E); Tennessee (S); the Mississippi R. Fishes. Kentucky Nature Preserves Scientific and Technical Series 4. 398 pp. Castrale, J.S., E.M. Hopkins Hopkins, city (1990 pop. 16,534), Hennepin co., SE Minn., a suburb of Minneapolis; inc. as West Minneapolis 1893, name changed 1928. The city manufactures machinery, computer and electronic parts, steel products, air pollution equipment, ophthalmic lenses, tools, & C.E. Keller. 1998. Atlas of Breeding Birds of Indiana. Indiana Department of Natural Resources. Indianapolis Indianapolis (ĭn'dēənă`pəlĭs), city (1990 pop. 731,327), state capital and seat of Marion co., central Ind., on the White River; selected 1820 as the site of the state capital (which was moved there in 1825), inc. 1847. . 388 pp. Collins, J.T. 1990. Standard common and current scientific names for North American North American named after North America. North American blastomycosis see North American blastomycosis. North American cattle tick see boophilusannulatus. amphibians and reptiles, 3rd ed. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Herpetological Circular Circular may refer to:
Conant, J. & J.T. Collins. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians: Eastern and Central North America North America, third largest continent (1990 est. pop. 365,000,000), c.9,400,000 sq mi (24,346,000 sq km), the northern of the two continents of the Western Hemisphere. . Houghton Mifflin Houghton Mifflin Company is a leading educational publisher in the United States. The company's headquarters is located in Boston's Back Bay. It publishes textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, reference works, and fiction and non-fiction for both young readers , Boston Boston, town, England Boston, town (1991 pop. 26,495), E central England, on the Witham River. Boston's fame as a port dates from the 13th cent., when it was a Hanseatic port trading wool and wine. Having recovered from a decline in the 18th and 19th cent. . 608 pp. Etnier, D.A. & W.C. Starnes. 1993. The Fishes of Tennessee Tennessee, state, United States Tennessee (tĕn`əsē', tĕn'əsē`), state in the south-central United States. . University of Tennessee Press The University of Tennessee Press (or UT Press), founded in 1940, is a university press that is part of the University of Tennessee. External link
Gerking, S.D. 1945. The Distribution of the Fishes of Indiana. Investigations of Indiana Lakes and Streams 3:1-137. Indiana Department of Natural Resources (IDNR IDNR Illinois Department of Natural Resources IDNR Iowa Department of Natural Resources IDNR Indiana Department of Natural Resources ). 1999. Rare animals of Indiana. Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Indianapolis. 8 pp. Lee, D.S D.S Drainage Structure (flood protection) ., C.R. Gilbert Gil·bert , Walter Born 1932. American biologist. He shared a 1980 Nobel Prize for developing methods of mapping the structure and function of DNA. , C.H. Hocutt, R.E. Jenkins Jen´kins n. 1. A name of contempt for a flatterer of persons high in social or official life; as, the Jenkins employed by a newspaper s>. , D.E. McAllister People surnamed McAllister
adj. 1. Of, relating to, living in, or consisting of water that is not salty: freshwater fish; freshwater lakes. 2. Situated away from the sea; inland. 3. Fishes. North Carolina North Carolina, state in the SE United States. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean (E), South Carolina and Georgia (S), Tennessee (W), and Virginia (N). Facts and Figures Area, 52,586 sq mi (136,198 sq km). Pop. State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh Raleigh (rôl`ē, räl`ē), city (1990 pop. 207,951), state capital, and seat of Wake co., central N.C.; the site was selected for the capital in 1788, and the city was laid out and inc. 1792. , i-x + 854 pp. Mayden, R.L. 1989. Phylogenetic phy·lo·ge·net·ic adj. 1. Of or relating to phylogeny or phylogenetics. 2. Relating to or based on evolutionary development or history. Studies of North American Minnows, with Emphasis on the Genus genus, in taxonomy: see classification. genus Biological classification. It ranks below family and above species, consisting of structurally or phylogenetically (see Cyprinella Cyprinella is a genus of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family. It contains the following species:
Noun 1. ). Miscellaneous Publications University Kansas Kansas, state, United States Kansas (kăn`zəs), midwestern state occupying the center of the coterminous United States. It is bordered by Missouri (E), Oklahoma (S), Colorado (W), and Nebraska (N). Museum Natural History 80. 189 pp. Minton, S.A., Jr. 1972. Amphibians and Reptiles of Indiana. Indiana Academy of Science Monograph 3. 346 pp. Minton, S.A., Jr. 2001. Amphibians and Reptiles of Indiana. Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis. 404 pp. Mumford, R.E. & C.E. Keller. 1984. Birds of Indiana. Indiana University Press Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is a publishing house at Indiana University that engages in academic publishing, specializing in the humanities and social sciences. It was founded in 1950. Its headquarters are located in Bloomington, Indiana. . Bloomington Bloomington. 1 City (1990 pop. 51,972), seat of McLean co., central Ill.; inc. 1839. The economy is based on farming; electrical equipment is also manufactured. . 376 pp. Mumford, R.E. & J.O. Whitaker, Jr. 1982. Mammals of Indiana. Indiana University Press. Bloomington. 537 pp. Simon, T.P., J.O. Whitaker, Jr., J.S. Castrale & S.A. Minton. 1993. Checklist of the Vertebrates of Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 101:95-126. U.S. Office of the Federal Register The Office of the Federal Register is an agency of the United States Government within the National Archives and Records Administration. The Office publishes the Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, and United States Statutes at Large, among others. . 1996. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants. Code of Federal Regulations The New Deal program of legislation enacted during the administration of President franklin roosevelt established a large number of new federal agencies, which generated a shapeless and confusing mass of new regulations. , Title 50, Parts 17.11 and 17.12. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington Washington, town, England Washington, town (1991 pop. 48,856), Sunderland metropolitan district, NE England. Washington was designated one of the new towns in 1964 to alleviate overpopulation in the Tyneside-Wearside area. , D.C. Whitaker, J.O., Jr. & J.R. Gammon. 1988. Endangered and Threatened Vertebrate Animals of Indiana, Their Distribution and Abundance. Indiana Academy of Science Monograph 5. 122 pp. Wilson, D.E. & D.M. Reeder. 1993. Mammal Species of the World Mammal Species of the World, now in its 3rd edition, is a standard reference work in zoology giving descriptions and bibliographic data for the known species of mammals, An updated Third Edition of Mammal Species of the World was published late in 2005: Wilson, D. E. : A Taxonomic and Geographic geographic /geo·graph·ic/ (je?o-graf´ik) in pathology, of or referring to a pattern that is well demarcated, resembling outlines on a map. geographic pertaining to geography. Reference. Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Institution, research and education center, at Washington, D.C.; founded 1846 under terms of the will of James Smithson of London, who in 1829 bequeathed his fortune to the United States to create an establishment for the "increase and diffusion of Press (Washington), in association with American Society of Mammalogists The American Society of Mammalogists (ASM) was founded in 1919. Its primary purpose is to encourage the study of mammals and professions studying mammals. There are over 4,500 members of this society, and they are primarily professional scientists who emphasize the importance of . 1206 pp. Manuscript received 15 April 2002, revised 16 September September: see month. 2002. |
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