Qatar Liquefied Gas Co.QatarGas has three trains at Ras Laffan. The first one came on stream in November 1996. The second came on stream in January 1997. The third came on stream in mid-April 1998. Each train had a nominal capacity of 2m t/y but could produce 2.5m t/y. They were de-bottlenecked later so they now can produce 11m t/y. The three trains were built by Chiyoda Corp, based on the APCI APCI Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization APCI Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. APCI Association of Professional Color Imagers APCI Advisory Panel on Country Information (UK) APCI Applied Personal Computing, Inc. process. Formed in November 1984, QatarGas, had cut costs by almost 25%. It consists of two JVs, one upstream From the consumer to the provider. See downstream. (networking) upstream - Fewer network hops away from a backbone or hub. For example, a small ISP that connects to the Internet through a larger ISP that has their own connection to the backbone is downstream from the larger and the other downstream From the provider to the customer. Downloading files and Web pages from the Internet is the downstream side. The upstream is from the customer to the provider (requesting a Web page, sending e-mail, etc.). : QP holding 65% in both the upstream and downstream ventures. Total holding 20% in the upstream JV, of which it is the operator under a PSA (Professional Services Automation) An information system designed to organize, track and manage all opportunities, work, resources, costs, revenues and invoices to improve the productivity and efficiency of the workforce. , and 10% of the downstream venture. ExxonMobil holding 10% in the upstream venture and another 10% of the downstream element. ExxonMobil leads the downstream, with Mobil having replaced BP which left the venture in early 1992. Mitsui & Co. holding 2.5% in the upstream and 7.5% in the downstream. Marubeni Corp. holding 2.5% in the upstream and 7.5% in the downstream. Chubu Electric is the main client, having signed a 25-year contract to take 4m t/y. The LNG LNG (liquefied natural gas): see under natural gas. is used for its power plants at Nagoya. Its option of buying another 2m t/y was ceded temporarily in late 1994 to seven Japanese utilities which signed a 25-year purchase deal on Jan. 29, 1995: Tohoku Electric (520,000 t/y); Osaka Gas Osaka Gas Co.,Ltd. (大阪瓦斯株式会社 (350,000 t/y); Tokyo Gas Tokyo Gas Company (東京瓦斯株式会社 Tōkyō Gasu Kabushiki-gaisha TYO: 9531 ), founded in 1885, is the primary provider of natural gas to the main cities of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, Chiba, Ibaraki, Tochigi, Gunma, (350,000 t/y); Kansai Electric (290,000 t/y); Tokyo Electric (200,000 t/y); Toho Gas (120,000 t/y); and Chugoku Electric (120,000 t/y). They began receiving QatarGas LNG from mid-1999. The third train and a de-bottlenecking of all three units enabled QatarGas to meet its commitments to Chubu, the above clients as well as have a surplus of LNG sold on spot basis. To make QatarGas viable in view of low oil prices in 1997/98, the partners resolved to reduce costs, secure good financing terms and get the buyers (see a detailed background in Vol. 61, Gas Market Trends No. 11). |
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