QUIZ 1.Use with INTERNATIONAL, pages 8-11 SHORT ANSWER: Write the correct answer on the line provided. 1. What is the name of the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) A viral disease of humans caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which attacks and compromises the body's immune system. )? -- 2. About how many Africans have died of AIDS? -- 3. Health authorities believe AIDS originated in Africa in the 1950s, when it was transferred from an animal to a human. What animal is believed to have passed the disease to humans? -- 4. Why did many political authorities Political authorities hold positions of power or influence within a system of government. Although some are exclusive to one or another form of government, many exist within several types. in Africa deny that AIDS was a problem in their countries? -- 5. Which age group is most likely to contract AIDS in the U.S.? -- Which in Africa? -- 6. How did the U.S. respond after South Africa South Africa, Afrikaans Suid-Afrika, officially Republic of South Africa, republic (2005 est. pop. 44,344,000), 471,442 sq mi (1,221,037 sq km), S Africa. passed a law allowing the import of genetic AIDS drugs that violated U.S. companies' patents on similar drugs? -- 7. Explain the argument the drug companies made for protecting their patents on AIDS drugs. -- 8. What event involving AIDS drugs immediately preceded the decision by big U.S. drug companies to slash the price of their AIDS drugs sold in Africa? -- 9. What do experts think will be the effect of the recent dramatic cut in the price of AIDS drugs in Africa? -- 10. What do officials at the World Trade Organization believe is needed to mount a serious continentwide attack on AIDS in Africa? -- 11. Why do such a large percentage of people who live in Botswana have the virus that precedes the onset of AIDS? -- 12. Which of the world regions identified in this article has the smallest number of AIDS cases? -- CRITICAL THINKING: Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 13. Taking the triple-therapy AIDS drug cocktail Noun 1. drug cocktail - a combination of protease inhibitors taken with reverse transcriptase inhibitors; used in treating AIDS and HIV HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy is a complex procedure: patients must take the drugs at different times, some on an empty stomach, others with food. With too little medicine for all those who need it, would doctors be justified in refusing it to patients they believe will be unable to adhere to adhere to verb 1. follow, keep, maintain, respect, observe, be true, fulfil, obey, heed, keep to, abide by, be loyal, mind, be constant, be faithful 2. this strict regimen? 14. Why do you think the drug companies decided to drop the lawsuit they had filed to protect their drug patents in South Africa? 15. Should government, whether in Africa or the U.S., control the prices of drugs? Explain why or why not. ANSWERS 1. HIV HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), either of two closely related retroviruses that invade T-helper lymphocytes and are responsible for AIDS. There are two types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is responsible for the vast majority of AIDS in the United States. (human immunodeficiency virus human immunodeficiency virus n. HIV. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) A transmissible retrovirus that causes AIDS in humans. ). 2. 17 million. 3. the chimpanzee chimpanzee, an ape, genus Pan, of the equatorial forests of central and W Africa. The common chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes, lives N of the Congo River. Full-grown animals of this species are up to 5 ft (1. . 4. Sexually transmitted disease sexually transmitted disease (STD) or venereal disease, term for infections acquired mainly through sexual contact. Five diseases were traditionally known as venereal diseases: gonorrhea, syphilis, and the less common granuloma inguinale, carries a social stigma Social stigma is severe social disapproval of personal characteristics or beliefs that are against cultural norms. Social stigma often leads to marginalization. Examples of existing or historic social stigmas can be physical or mental disabilities and disorders, as well as . 5. adults/children. 6. It threatened to impose trade sanctions on South Africa. 7. They defended the drug patents as their intellectual property, and argued that profits earned under patents helped to finance new drug research. 8. An Indian company offered to sell AIDS drugs at a deep discount. 9. There's hope for a few, but prices are still too high to help the majority. 10. Prices must go even lower, and rich nations need to help pay the bill. 11. Because the country is centrally located and has good roads, it draws many truck drivers, who help spread the disease. 12. Western Europe. The following answers will vary, but here are some points to consider. 13. Yes: Scarce medicine should go where it will do the most good. No: Doctors shouldn't play God. 14. No doubt they recognized both the gravity of Africa's suffering and the extent of the public pressure they themselves faced. 15. Yes: Medicine is vital to health, and government has an obligation to help citizens who cannot afford to help themselves. No: If drug prices are controlled (reduced), drug companies will be less able to spend the huge amounts of money needed to research new drugs. |
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