Plasticizers.

ADVANCE COATINGS CO.

Manufactures N-butyl benzenesulfamide for nylon resins.

AKZO NOBEL INC.

Offers nonhalogenated phosphate esters known as Phosflex flame-retardant plasticizers. Included are isopropylated triaryl phosphates, alkyl diphenyl phosphates, t-butyl triaryl phosphates, natural triaryl phosphates, and specialty products.

ALBRIGHT & WILSON AMERICAS

Offers phosphate ester plasticizers compatible a wide variety of resins and polymers. Triaryl and trialkyl phosphates (2-ethylhexyl, octyl, and butyl and 2-butoxyethyl derivatives) available.

AMERICAN CHEMICAL SERVICE

Epoxidized vegetable oil plasticizers include Epoxol 9-5, epoxidized linseed oil; Epoxol 7-4, epoxidized soybean oil; and Epoxol 8-2B, epoxidized butyl ester of linseed. FDA-sanctioned.

ANDERSON DEVELOPMENT CO.

TGD plasticizer for urethanes is stable in polyether and polyester urethane elastomers at levels up to 20%. It lowers hardness of polyurethanes, and at low levels reduces the viscosity of prepolymers.

ARISTECH CHEMICAL CO.

Offers phthalate, adipate, trimellitate, and maleate plasticizers:

* PX 139 di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) for g-p PVC.

* PX 138 di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP) for g-p PVC.

* PX 104 dibutyl phthalate for specialty applications where quick solvency is desired.

* PX 914 butyl octyl phthalate for g-p PVC.

* PX 120 di-isodecyl phthalate (DIDP) for higher temperature applications, such as electrical wire insulation.

* PX 126 di-tridecyl phthalate for extremely high-temperature PVC processing.

* PX 239 di-isononyl adipate for low-temperature vinyl food wrap.

* PX 238 di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DOA) for g-p low-temperature processing of vinyl film for food applications.

* PX 316 mixed n-alkyl 6-10 phthalate for superior performance in low-temperature processing of vinyl.

* PX 336 and PX 338 trimellitates for extremely high-temperature vinyl applications such as wire and cable.

* PX 504 and PX 538 maleates for coatings.

BASF CORP.

Adipate, trimellitate, and phthalate plasticizers include octyl, nonyl and decyl phthalates, octyl and nonyl adipates, TOTM, several proprietary products (Palatinol 91P), and fast-fusing dialkyl phthalates (Palatinol FF21 and FF31). DBP and DOM also produced.

A linear C9 phthalate plasticizer, Palatinol 711, provides lower volatility and fogging in automotive vinyls and could be useful in roofing membranes, pond liners, and wire and cable jacketing.

CAMBRIDGE INDUSTRIES CO. OF AMERICA

Resoflex R-296, R-446, R-460, R-766, R-804 and R-446 are resinous plasticizers for use with film-forming resins that are generally incompatible with other plasticizers. Also said to be compatible with nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, nylon, certain grades of polyvinyl alcohol and other natural and synthetic film-forming materials. Polyvinyl acetate is a primary application.

CASCHEM, INC.

Flexricin ricinoleate-based plasticizers include a low-temperature plasticizer for PVC plastisols and a grade for polyvinyl butyral.

A series of acetoxy stearates includes Paricin 8 for PVC plastisols, which boasts nonexudation, easy deaeration, and maintenance of low viscosity, and can partially replace polyester types in UL 105 C compounds.

Castor oil products are offered for use in epoxy, phenolic and urethane systems.

CROWLEY CHEMICAL CO. INC.

Viplex plasticizers, low-cost aromatic hydrocarbons derived from petroleum and used primarily in vinyl plastisols and organosols where color is not a factor. Designed to meet a variety of volatility standards. Colors range from tan to green to black.

Viplex 895, the most widely used of the series, provides high solvency and excellent gel. Viscosity of a plastisol using Viplex 895 is higher than with DOP alone, and much higher than one with dodecylbenzene. Replacement levels for phthalate plasticizer are 70% or more.

Viplex 885, a low-viscosity plasticizer/extender for epoxies, can be added at levels around 20% to resin or catalyst prior to combining. Improves sprayability.

For urethanes, Viplex 525 and Viplex 885 are low-viscosity flexibilizer/extenders added to resins or polyols before combining to yield viscosity reductions, good wetting of pigment, fillers and glass, less pinholing, reduced exotherm, and improved moisture resistance.

Viplex 885 for polyester improves tensile strength and impact resistance; reduces mold shrinkage and markedly reduces water absorption.

DOVER CHEMICAL CORP.

Offers an extensive line of liquid chlorinated paraffins designed as secondary plasticizers for flexible PVC.

DUPONT CO.

Offers Elvaloy resinous "permanent plasticizers" for PVC, including grades suitable for impact modification. Products are distinguished by an extremely high molecular weight (250,000), which is said to make PVC compounds more durable. They reportedly have near zero extraction and essentially zero volatility, migration, and exudation, and provide heat and oil resistance. They have been used commercially for calendered, extruded and injection molded products. Applications include footwear, office chair mats, pond liners, single-ply roofing, automotive interior applications, upholstery, wire and cable insulation, floor tile, hose and tubing. Available as free-flowing pellets and in powder form.

EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO.

Kodaflex line of plasticizers for PVC includes many of the more common phthalates, as well as adipate and trimellitate types. Unique in the line is Kodaflex DOTP, dioctyl terephthalate, offered as a replacement for DOP and similar plasticizers in applications requiting improved durability, good electrical properties and improved automotive fogging resistance. In addition,. DOTP allows use of PVC in contact with furniture finishes, since it has little tendency to migrate and soften nitrocellulose lacquers.

Other Kodaflex grades include TXIB for applications requiring low plastisol viscosity and PA-5, which promotes adhesion to metal.

ELF ATOCHEM NORTH AMERICA INC. VIKING PRODUCTS DIV.

Vikoflex 7170 epoxidized soybean oil and Vikoflex 7190 epoxidized linseed oil are high-oxirane, FDA-sanctioned products that reportedly combine optimum heat and light-stabilizing action with true polymeric plasticizer performance. Low odor, low migration, and resistance to extraction reportedly make them suitable for all flexible, semi-rigid and rigid PVC compounds. Vikoflex 7190 is recommended for food-contact and medical applications where very little or no metallic stabilizer is used.

Also offers Vikoflex 4050 low-temperature epoxy ester plasticizer and low-viscosity esters of epoxidized soybean and linseed acids.

EXXON CHEMICAL AMERICAS

Jayflex plasticizers, used alone and in combination as custom blends, include: linear and branched phthalates such as dihexyl (DHP), diisoheptyl (77), diisononyl (DINP), diisodecyl (DIDP), ditridecyl (DTDP), diundecyl (DUP), diheptyl nonyl undecyl (7911), dinonyl undecyl (911) and diundecyl (DUP); trimellitates such as triisononyi (TINTM); and adipates, extenders and specialty plasticizers.

Linear C9 phthalate plasticizer, Jayflex L9P, provides lower volatility and fogging in automotive vinyls and could be useful in roofing membranes, pond liners, and wire and cable jacketing.

FERRO CORP. BEDFORD CHEMICAL DIV.

Plas-Chek 775 epoxidized soybean oil is for use as a secondary plasticizer and secondary heat stabilizer in flexible PVC. Plas-Chek 775 is sanctioned for use in FDA applications such as food-wrap film.

FOCUS CHEMICAL CORP.

Offers ortho/para toluene sulfonamide and dioctyl sebacate plasticizers.

C.P. HALL CO.

Offers monomeric and polymeric plasticizers suited for many polymer applications. Company can provide a wide range of desired properties by utilizing a range of acids (such as adipic, azelaic, glutaric, phthalic, and sebacic) in combination with a variety of alcohols or glycols.

Polymeric plasticizers have molecular weights of 800 to 8000 and viscosities from 1200 to 160,000 cps. Products can impart low-temperature flexibility and resistance to extraction by water, oil and solvents. Monomeric products range from standard phthalates to proprietary special-purpose materials.

Epoxidized soybean oil, Paraplex G-25, G-60 and Plasthall ESO, as well as epoxidized tallates and dioleate, are available as stabilizers/plasticizers for PVC and other halogenated polymers. These materials offer resistance to light and heat, and impart minimal odor and taste.

HARWICK CHEMICAL CORP.

Plasticizers include phthalates, adipates, sebacates, chlorinated paraffins and proprietary diesters for PVC or acrylonitrile-based resins.

HATCO CORP.

Plasticizers for PVC meet requirements for high purity, high ester content, low color, odor and taste, superior stability, and high uniformity. Product line includes numerous phthalates, adipates, trimellitates and sebacates.

HENKEL CORP.

Distributes Edenol epoxy plasticizers and specialty plasticizers manufactured by Henkel in Germany. Edenol is useful as a flexibilizing agent and heat stabilizer in flexible PVC.

Emery Group offers Plastolein low-temperature plasticizers to solve cold-weather flexibility problems, polymeric plasticizers to impart permanence and durability, and epoxy plasticizers for stability against light and heat.

HERCULES INC.

Hercoflex 707 proprietary monomeric-type plasticizer is recommended for flexible vinyl applications requiring high-temperature performance and good processability. Hercoflex 600 is a pale, high-boiling liquid with extremely low volatility and excellent resistance to heat, light, and moisture. Product reportedly exhibits good electrical characteristics and is recommended for use wherever high performance after extended aging is required.

HOECHST CELANESE CORP.

Offers Uresin B, a carbamate resin for plasticizing PVC and other plastic films.

HULS AMERICA, INC.

Plasticizers for PVC include:

* General-purpose (DOP, DIDP, DTDP) phthalates and proprietary blends.

* Specialty low-temperature types (DOA, DIDA and a proprietary type, Nuoplaz 6934) and trimellitates (TOTM).

* Nonstaining products for flooring, dip coating, low shrinkage, and metal adhesion.

ICC CHEMICALS CORP.

Markets Oxypar SA's diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) plasticizers.

INOLEX CHEMICAL CO.

Manufactures a variety of mono, di, tri, and tetra esters, as well as polymeric plasticizers. Lexolube line is used in vinyl, polyurethanes, thermoplastic elastomers, and other plastics. High-performance products on a proprietary basis are offered.

KENRICH PETROCHEMICALS INC.

Offers low-cost, proprietary plasticizers, which include aromatic hydrocarbons compatible with PVC, rubber, acrylonitrile, and SAN.

Kenplast G, a low-viscosity mixture of alkylated naphthalenes and phenanthrenes, is an extender for epoxies, a secondary plasticizer for PVC, and an excellent compatibilizer for PVC/vinyl acetate combinations. When used in place of DOP, Kenplast G reportedly is more solvating than ester-type plasticizers, thus contributing to build in plastisols, as well as enhancing elongation.

Kenflex resins are derived from formaldehyde condensation of aromatic hydrocarbons. These nonvolatile, very high-flash-point solids reportedly impart in-process flexibility at elevated temperatures without detracting from the finished product's properties once it has been cooled. Kenflex resins are available in a variety of solvent and compounded forms for specific uses such as compatibilization of rubbers and plastics, and enhancing of mold release of hard-to-handle materials.

Another line of plasticizers offered is derived from cumyl phenol and available as either glycidylether or acetate for use as a reactive diluent and flexibilizer for epoxies, PVC, and urethanes. Higher temperature forms, such as the benzoate (Kenplast ESB), have been found useful in extrusion of PVC, urethane RIM, and in processing nylons. Cumyl phenyl benzyl ether is said to be an effective processing aid for extrusion of styrenics, SAN, polysulfones and phenylene oxide-based resins, as well as a compatibilizer for elastomers in PS, nylon, polyester and ABS.

MILES INC.

Mesamoll plasticizer based on an alkyl sulfonic ester of a phenol is said to have excellent compatibility with PVC, resulting in flexible vinyls with good mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. According to the company, a five-year weathering study showed that Mesamoll had better property and appearance retention than a similar vinyl containing DOP. Mesamoll and Mesa-moll II lower-volatility versions are also used in polyurethane caulk/sealant compounds where the properties of low viscosity, hydrolysis resistance, extraction resistance, and good solvency are desired.

Baymod L EVA copolymers can be used as permanent plasticizers for PVC requiring improved extraction resistance and aging properties. Baymod L trial product, KL3-2418 is a high-vinyl-acetate content resin that acts as a highly permanent flexibilizer for PVC in such applications as automotive crash pads.

Unimoll 66M is a micronized powder version of dicyclohexyl phthalate, which can be useful in improving the storage stability and fusing characteristics of low-temperature-fusing vinyl plastisols. Disflamoll phosphate esters are used to impart flame retardance and flexibility to plasticized vinyls. Products include a range of aryl, alkylaryl and alkyl esters.

MONSANTO CO.

Specialty plasticizers are produced for use in PVC and other resins. Among the benzyl phthalate types are Santicizer 160 (butyl benzyl), Santicizer 261 (C 7-9 alkyl benzyl), and Santicizer 278 (C 12 alkyl benzyl). All benzyl phthalates reportedly offer outstanding compatibility with a variety of resins.

Also available are adipates (DOA and linear types) and a variety of phosphate ester plasticizers.

MORFLEX INC.

Provides citric acid ester plasticizer with a low order of toxicity and excellent processing properties. Replaces Di-(2-ethylshepherdhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in PVC for medical device applications. Products exhibit a low order of toxicity and provide good processing properties with PVC and other polymers.

MORTON INTERNATIONAL, INC.

TP-95 is a highly compatible plasticizing agent designed to impart maximum low-temperature flexibility to elastomers, including urethane. TP-680 is a medium-viscosity, nonreactive polymeric plasticizer compatible with epoxy, PU, PS and ester-type vinyl plasticizers. TP-759 is a mixed ether/ester-type plasticizing agent exhibiting low volatility and retaining plasticizing action after heat aging. TP-90B is a highly compatible plasticizer designed to give maximum low-temperature flexibility to various elastomers.

OXYPAR SA

See ICC Chemicals Corp.

PENRECO DIV. PENNZOIL PRODUCTS CO.

Offers white mineral oil in a range of viscosities as a plasticizer for PS. Products are high-distillation, low-volatility Drakeol 34, White Mineral Oil, USP and Drakeol Supreme. All USP and NF grades of white oil meet FDA regulations on food contact. Products also can be used as internal lubricants, dispersing agents, catalyst carriers, and mold-release agents.

PERMUTHANE COATINGS MEMBER OF THE ICI GROUP

Offers a high-molecular-weight polyrneric plasticizer, KPL-10-308, which has a moderately high viscosity, and is said to have excellent resistance to extraction by detergent, oil, gasoline, soapy water, and also good electrical properties.

RHONE-POULENC INC.

NP-10, NP-25, CB-4-34, X-743 and aromatic oil 745 plasticizers are all aromatic, chemically inert, and nonsaponifiable. They reportedly exhibit low reactivity and resistance to alkalis, acids and moisture. NP-10, NP-25, CB4-34 and LX-1235 plasticizers are viscous materials with Ring and Ball softening points of 50 F, 77 F, 82 F, and 91 F, respectively. X-743 and aromatic oil 745 are dark-colored, medium-viscosity plasticizing oils.

SEEGOTT INC.

Offers several castor oil products for use in epoxy, phenolic and urethane systems.

STANCHEM A BUSINESS UNIT OF MCI, INC.

Offers Staniciser plasticizers for use in PVC, as well as DOP, DOA and epoxidized soy bean oils as secondary plasticizers.

STEPAN CO.

Kessco fatty acid derivatives usable as plasticizers include n-butylstearate, but-oxyethyl stearate, and glycerol mono-oleate, all of which are compatible with PS; diethylene glycol distearate, isopropyl myristate, and isopropyl palmitate, which are generally compatible with cellulose nitrate and ethyl cellulose; oleic and lauric acid esters, compatible with PVC; and PEG400 dilaurate, which may be used with PVC and PVC/vinyl acetate copolymers.

UNION CAMP CORP.

Line includes polymeric plasticizers with a wide range of molecular weights, dioctyl adipate (DOA), dioctyl and dibutyl sebacates, trimellitates, and dicapryl phthalate, a product said to be similar to DOP but offering improved viscosity stability in plastisols.

UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CO.

Solvents and Coatings Materials Div. supplies Flexol epoxy plasticizers: EPO (epoxidized soybean oil), EP-8 (octyl epoxy ester), and LOE (epoxidized linseed oil).

Specialty Chemicals Div. offers Flexol 4GO, which is a secondary PVC plasticizer (glycol ester type) that imparts low-temperature flexibility and viscosity stability to plastisols.

UNITEX CHEMICAL CORP.

Offers benzoate, adipate, phthalate, citrate, maleate, fumarate, trimellitate and sebacate esters; benzene and toluene sulfonamides; and other specialty plasticizers.

VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORP.

Benzoflex benzoic acid esters for PVC include Benzoflex 9-88 (dipropylene glycol dibenzoate), Benzoflex 2-45, diethylene glycol dibenzoate, Benzoflex 50 (a blend of 9-88 and Benzoflex 2-45), and Benzoflex 284 (propylene glycol dibenzoate). These high-solvating platicizers provide low fusion temperatures, improved stain resistance, good stability, relatively low volatility, good oil and solvent extraction resistance.

Benzoflex 9-88 SG, a special grade of Benzofiex 9-88, is for low durometer polyurethane rolls used in graphic arts.

Benzoflex P-200, low in volatility, is used in vinyl and phenol-formaldehyde resins.

Benzoflex 400 polypropylene glycol dibenzoate is used in flexible PVC, acrylics, nitrite rubber, polysulphides and polyvinyl acetate.

Benzoflex 131, isodecyl benzoate, a low viscosity, moderate volatility plasticizer is used in plastisols for good solvating and low, high-shear viscostities.

Benzoflex 354 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-petanediol dibenzoate, a low stain type plasticizer used in plastisol silk screen inks for exceptional dye migration.

Benzoflex S-312, S-404, S-552 and 352 solid benzoate esters are useful as process aids for engineering plastics.

VISTA CHEMICAL CO.

Offers a 108-type linear phthalate plasticizer.

WITCO CORP. GOLDEN BEAR DIV.

Offers aromatic and naphthenic types of petroleum hydrocarbon oils as secondary plasticizers for vinyl compounds.

WITCO CORP. PETROLEUM SPECIALITIES GROUP

Offers Sonneborn line of fully refined white mineral oils, petrolatums, and microcrystalline waxes. White mineral oils available in a wide range of viscosities, including customer-tailored high-viscosity, low-volatility plastic oils designed to meet manufacturing requirements of PS, PP and PE resin producers. Low volatility and low vapor pressure enable them to "stay put" in plastic. Aids in passing HACKE FOG test.

Also used as external and internal lubricants, catalyst carriers, pigment dispersing agents, and mold-release agents in PVC, PP, PE, vinyl acetate and PVC foam.

WITCO CORP. POLYMER ADDITIVES GROUP

Drapex plasticizers include epoxidized types and polymerics. Epoxidized oils and esters are Drapex 4.4 (octyl epoxy tallate), Drapex 6.8 (epoxidized soybean oil), and Drapex 10.4 (epoxidized linseed oil). Drapex 4.4 imparts excellent low-temperature flexibility to PVC. Used in plastisols and organosols, it offers low viscosity and solvating action. Drapex 6.8 and 10.4 epoxies, resistant to extraction and migration, are FDA-regulated for food-packaging use.

Drapex P-7 polymeric plasticizer has good migration resistance, high-humidity compatibility, and excellent dielectric strength and nonfogging characteristics. Provides flexibility, permanence and heat stability. Suited for electrical tape and refrigerator gaskets, wall coverings and automotive interiors.