Plasticizers.

ADVANCE COATINGS CO.

Offers N-butyl benzenesuffamide for nylon resins.

AKZO NOBEL INC.

Phosflex nonhalogenated phosphate ester flame-retardant plasticizers include isopropylated triaryl phosphates, alkyl diphenyl phosphates, t-butyl triaryl phosphates, natural triaryl phosphates, and specialty products.

ALBRIGHT & WILSON AMERICAS

Phosphate ester plasticizers compatible with a wide variety of resins and polymers include triaryl and trialkyl phosphates (2-ethylhexyl, octyl, and butyl and 2-butoxyethyl derivatives).

ANDERSON DEVELOPMENT CO.

TGD plasticizer for urethanes is stable in polyether and polyester urethane elastomers at levels up to 20%. Lowers hardness of PUR and at low levels reduces the viscosity of prepolymers.

ARISTECH CHEMICAL CORP.

Phthalate, adipate, trimellitate, and maleate plasticizers include:

* PX 139 di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) for g-p PVC.

* PX 138 di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP) for g-p PVC.

* PX 120 di-isodecyl phthalate (DIDP) for higher temperature applications such as electrical wire insulation.

* PX 239 di-isononyl adSpate for low-temperature vinyl food wrap.

* PX 238 di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DOA) for general-purpose low-temperature processing of vinyl film for food applications.

* PX 316 mixed n-alkyl 6-10 phthalate for superior performance in low-temperature processing of vinyl.

* PX 336 and PX 338 trimellitates for extremely high-temperature vinyl applications such as wire and cable.

* PX 538 maleate for coatings.

BASF CORP. CHEMICALS DIV.

Linear phthalate plasticizers including PalatinoIs 7P, 79P, 711P, 9P, 11-9PI, and 11PE. Trimellitate plasticizers including TOTM and a linear trimellitate Palatinol 79TM-I. (See ad p. 388-Tab.)

BAYER CORP.

Mesamoll plasticizer based on an alkyl sulfonic ester of a phenol is said to have excellent compatibility with PVC, resulting in flexible vinyls with good mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Mesamoll and Mesamoll II lower-volatility versions also used in PUR caulk/sealant compounds where properties of low viscosity, hydrolysis resistance, extraction resistance, and good solvency are needed.

Baymod L EVA copolymers can be used as permanent plasticizers for PVC requiring improved extraction resistance and aging properties. Baymod L trial product KL3-2418 is a high-vinyl-acetate content resin that acts as a highly permanent flexibilizer for PVC in such applications as automotive crash pads.

Unimoll 66M micronized powder version of dicyclohexyl phthalate can be useful in improving the storage stability and fusing characteristics of low-temperature-fusing vinyl plastisols. Disflamoll phosphate esters are used to impart flame retardance and flexibility to plasticized vinyls. Products include a range of aryl, alkylaryl and alkyl esters. (See Insert pp. 485-516.)

CAMBRIDGE INDUSTRIES CO. OF AMERICA

Resoflex R-296, R-446, R-460, R-766, R-804 and R-446 resinous plasticizers for use with film-forming resins that are generally incompatible with other plasticizers. Also said to be compatible with nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, nylon, certain grades of polyvinyl alcohol, and other natural and synthetic film-forming materials. Polyvinyl acetate is a primary application.

CASCHEM, INC.

Flexricin ricinoleate-based plasticizers include a low-temperature plasticizer for PVC plastisols and a grade for polyvinyl butyral.

Series of acetoxy stearates includes Paricin 8 for PVC plastisols, which boasts nonexudation, easy deaeration, and maintenance of low viscosity. Can partially place polyester types in UL 105 C compounds.

Castor oil products for use in epoxy, phenolic and urethane.

CLARIANT CORP.

Uresin B carbamate resin for plasticizing PVC and other plastic films.

CROWLEY CHEMICAL CO. INC.

Viplex and Vycel low-cost aromatic hydrocarbon plasticizers derived from petroleum. Viplex grades, used primarily in vinyl plastisols, meet various volatility standards with colors ranging from water white to black.

Viplex 888 and Vycel P, Vycel U, and Vycel E are noncarcinogenic with low odor and light color.

Viplex 888 and Viplex 895, most widely used of the series, provide high solvency and superior gel. Viscosity of a plastisol using Viplex 895 is higher than with DOP alone, and much higher than one with dodecylbenzene. Replacement levels for phthalate plasticizers are 70% or more.

Viplex 885 and Vycel E, low-viscosity plasticizer/extenders for epoxies, can be added at levels around 20% to resin or catalyst prior to combining. Sprayability is improved.

Viplex 525, Viplex 885, and Vycel U are low-viscosity flexibilizer/extenders added to resins or polyols before combining yield viscosity reduction. They exhibit good wetting of pigments, fillers, and glass; less pinholing; reduced exotherm; and improved moisture resistance.

Viplex 885 and Vycel P for polyesters improve tensile strength and impact resistance and reduce mold shrinkage and water absorption. (See ad p. 376.)

DOVER CHEMICAL CORP.

Line of liquid chlorinated paraffins as secondary plasticizers for flexible PVC.

DUPONT CO.

Elvaloy resin modifiers for PVC include grades suitable for impact modification. Products have an extremely high molecular weight (250,000), which makes PVC compounds more durable. Reportedly, they have near zero extraction and essentially zero volatility, migration, and exudation, and provide heat, oil and uv resistance. Have been used commercially for calendered, extruded and injection molded products. Applications include office chair mats, pond liners, single-ply roofing, automotive interior applications, upholstery, wire and cable insulation, floor tile, hose and tubing, and footwear. Available as free-flowing pellets and in powders.

EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO.

Eastman plasticizers for PVC include phthalates as well as adipates and trimellitates. Eastman DOTP, dioctyl terephthalate, offered as a replacement for DOP and similar plasticizers in applications requiring improved durability, good electrical properties, and improved automotive fogging resistance. Allows use of PVC in contact with furniture finishes because it has little tendency to migrate and soften nitrocellulose lacquers.

Other Eastman grades include TXIB for applications requiring low plastisol viscosity and PA-5, which promotes adhesion to metal. (See ads pp. 328, 481.)

ELF ATOCHEM NORTH AMERICA INC. VIKING PRODUCTS DIV.

Vikoflex 7170 epoxidized soybean oil and Vikoflex 7190 epoxidized linseed oil are high-oxirane, FDA-sanctioned products that reportedly combine optimum heat and light-stabilizing action with true polymeric plasticizer performance. Low odor, low migration, and resistance to extraction reportedly make them suitable for all flexible, semi-rigid and rigid PVC compounds. Vikoflex 7190 recommended for food-contact and medical applications where very little or no metallic stabilizer is used.

Also Vikoflex 4050 low-temperature epoxy ester plasticizer and low-viscosity esters of epoxidized soybean and linseed acids.

EXXON CHEMICAL CO.

Jayflex plasticizers, used alone and in combination as custom blends, include: branched and linear phthalates such as dihexyl (DHP), diisoheptyl (77), diisononyl (DINP), diisodecyl (DIDP), ditridecyl (DTDP), undecyl dodecyl (UDP), di-L-nonyl (L9P), di-L-nonyl, undecyl (L911P), and di-L-undecyl (L11P); trimellitates such as tiiooctyl (TIOTM) and triisononyl (TINTM); adipates diisononyl (DINA), diisodecyl (DIDA), and ditridecyl (DTDA); and extenders and specialty plasticizers.

Linear C9 phthalate plasticizer, Jayflex L9P, provides lower volatility and fogging in automotive vinyls and is useful in roofing membranes and pond liners where superior stability is required.

FERRO CORP. POLYMER ADDITIVES DIV.

Plas-Chek 775 epoxidized soybean oil for use as a secondary plasticizer and secondary heat stabilizer in flexible PVC. Sanctioned for use in FDA applications such as food-wrap film and also kosher. (See ads pp. 346, Cover IV.)

C.P. HALL CO.

Monomeric and polymeric plasticizers suited for many polymer applications can provide a range of desired properties by utilizing acids such as adipic, azelaic, maleic, fumaric, glutaric, phthalic, and sebacic in combination with a variety of alcohols or glycols.

Polymeric plasticizers with molecular weights of 800 to 8000 and viscosities from 1200 to 160,000 cps can impart low-temperature flexibility and resistance to extraction by water, oil and solvents. Monomeric products range from standard phthalates to proprietary special-purpose materials.

Epoxidized soybean oil, Paraplex G-62, G-60 and Plasthall ESO, as well as epoxidized tallates and dioleate, available as stabilizers/plasticizers for PVC and other halogenated polymers. Materials offer resistance to light and heat, and impart minimal odor and taste.

HARWlCK CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING

Vulcanized oils for use as nonextractable plasticizers.

HATCO CORP.

Plasticizers for PVC meet requirements for high purity, high ester content, low color, odor and taste, superior stability, and high uniformity. Products include numerous phthalates, adipates, trimellitates, sebacates.

HENKEL CORP.

Distributes Edenol epoxy plasticizers and specialty plasticizers from Henkel in Germany. Edenol is useful as a flexibilizer and heat stabilizer in flexible PVC.

Emery Group offers Plastolein low-temperature plasticizers to solve old-weather flexibility problems, polymeric plasticizers to impart permanence and durability, and epoxy plasticizers for stability against light and heat.

HERCULES INC.

Hercoflex 707 proprietary monomeric-type plasticizer recommended for flexible vinyl applications requiring high-temperature performance and good processability. Hercoflex 600 is a pale, high-boiling liquid with extremely low volatility and reportedly excellent resistance to heat, light, and moisture. Product exhibits good electrical characteristics and recommended for use wherever high performance after extended aging is required.

HOECHST CELANESE CORP.

See Clariant Corp.

ICC CHEMICAL CORP.

Markets Oxypar SA's plasticizers and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP).

INOLEX CHEMICAL CO.

Mono, di, tri, and tetra esters as well as polymeric plasticizers. Lexolube line used in vinyl, PUR, thermoplastic elastomers, and other plastics. Also high-performance products on a proprietary basis. ISO 9001 certified.

KENRICH PETROCHEMICALS INC.

Low-cost, proprietary plasticizers include aromatic hydrocarbons compatible with PVC, rubber, acrylonitrile, and SAN.

Kenplast G low-viscosity mixture of alkylated naphthalenes and phenanthrenes is an extender for epoxies, a secondary plasticizer for PVC, and a reportedly excellent compatibilizer for PVC/vinyl acetate combinations. When used in place of DOP, Kenplast G reportedly is more solvating than ester-type plasticizers, thus contributing to build in plastisols and enhance elongation.

Kenflex resins are derived from formaldehyde condensation of aromatic hydrocarbons. These nonvolatile, very high-flash-point solids reportedly impart in-process flexibility at elevated temperatures without detracting from the finished product's properties once it has been cooled. Available in various solvent and compounded forms for specific uses such as compatibilization of rubbers and plastics, and enhancing of mold release of hard-to-handle materials.

Plasticizers derived from cumyl phenol available as either glycidylether or acetate for use as a reactive diluent and flexibilizer for epoxies, PVC, and urethanes. Higher temperature forms such as benzoate Kenplast ESB are useful in extrusion of PVC, urethane RIM, and in processing nylons. Cumyl phenyl benzyl ether is said to be an effective processing aid for extrusion of styrenics, SAN, polysulfones and phenylene oxide-based resins, as well as a compatibilizer for elastomers in PS, nylon, polyester and ABS.

MONSANTO CO.

See Solutia Inc.

MORFLEX INC.

ISO 9001 registered manufacturer of esters used for medical devices, pharmaceutical intermediates and coatings, textiles, plastics, and aerospace.

Citric acid ester plasticizers are used as a replacement for di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (I)EHP) in PVC for medical device applications and exhibit a low order of toxicity and reportedly provide superior processing properties with PVC and other polymers. Citroflex A-6, Citroflex B-6, and ATBC/PG have Drug Master Files and are manufactured under Current Good Manufacturing Practice (CGMP) guidelines. Citroflex B-6 does not induce hepatic peroxisome proliferation. All three can be formulated to provide gamma stable compounds.

MORTON INTERNATIONAL, INC.

TP-95 highly compatible plasticizing agent designed to impart maximum low-temperature flexibility to elastomers, including urethane. TP-759 mixed ether/ester-type plasticizing agent exhibits low volatility and retains plasticizing action after heat aging. TP-90B highly compatible plasticizer designed to give maximum low-temperature flexibility to various elastomers.

OXYPAR SA

See ICC Chemicals Corp.

PENRECO

White mineral oil in a range of viscosities as a plasticizer for PS. Products are high-distillation, low-volatility Drakeol 34, White Mineral Oil, USP and Drakeol Supreme. All USP and NF grades of white oil meet FDA regulations on food contact. Also can be used as internal lubricants, dispersing agents, catalyst carriers, and mold releases.

PLASTICS & CHEMICALS, INC.

Plastiflex aromatic and aliphatic secondary plasticizers for PVC are light-colored with good light stability and compatible with various vinyl resins. Applications include plastisols, calendering, molding, extrusion, wire coatings, and foams.

RHONE-POULENC INC.

See Rhodia Inc.

RHODIA INC.

Igepal CO-430 nonylphenol aromatic ethoxylate used as a plasticizer and antistat for PVAc. TBEF tributoxyethyl phosphate plasticizer lowers viscosity of PVC plastisols; also used for acrylonitrile. TOF trioctyl phosphate used as a plasticizer for vinyls and synthetic rubbers. Product reduces tackiness at high temperatures, provides uniform plasticizing action over a broad temperature range, and has superior compatibility with PVC.

SEEGOTT INC.

Several castor oil products for use in epoxy, phenolic and urethane systems.

SOLUTIA INC.

Specialty plasticizers for use in PVC and other resins. Benzyl phthalate types include Santicizer 160 Coutyl benzyl), Santicizer 261 (C 7-9 alkyl benzyl), and Santicizer 278 (C 12 alkyl benzyl). All benzyl phthalates reportedly offer outstanding compatibility with various resins.

Also adipates (DOA and linear types) and various phosphate esters. (See also Flame Retardants.)

STANCHEM, UNIT OF HCI, INC.

Staniciser plasticizers for use in PVC, as well as DOP, DOA and epoxidized soy bean oils as secondary plasticizers.

STEPAN CO.

Kessco fatty acid derivatives usable as plasticizers include n-butylstearate, butoxyethyl stearate, and glycerol monooleate, all compatible with PS. Diethylene glycol distearate, isopropyl myristate, and isopropyl palmitate are generally compatible with cellulose nitrate and ethyl cellulose. Oleic and lauric acid esters are compatible with PVC and PEG 400 dilaurate, which may be used with PVC and PVC/vinyl acetate copolymers.

UNION CAMP CORP.

Line includes polymeric plasticizers with a range of molecular weights, dioctyl adipate (DOA), dioctyl and dibutyl sebacates, trimellitates, and dicapryl phthalate, a product said to be similar to DOP but offering improved viscosity stability in plastisols.

UNION CARBIDE CORP.

Flexol epoxy plasticizers EPO (epoxidized soybean oil), EP-8 (octyl epoxy ester), and LOE (epoxidized linseed oil).

UNITEX CHEMICAL CORP.

Ester-based plasticizers include benzoates, isophthalates, adipates, phthalates, citrates, trimellitates and various glycol esters of aliphatic acids. Phthalate esters include dimethyl, dibutyl, diisobutyl, dicyclohexyl, as well as mixed esters of cyclohexyl, dibutyl, and cyclohexyl/isooctyl alcohols. Dimethyl isophthalate and diethyl isophthalate are representatives of the isophthalic acid esters. Adipate esters offered are di(2-ethyl hexyl) adipate and diisobutyl adipate.

Citrate esters include triethylcitrate, acetylated triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, and acetylated tributyl citrate. Glyceryl tribenzoate and pentaerythrityl tetrabenzoate, and neopentyl glycol dibenzoate are typical of the benzoic acid esters. Tris (2-ethyl hexyl) trimelliate is for specialty applications, including PVC wire and cable compounds. Di (2-ethyl hexyl) tetrabromophthalate offered as a flame retardant/plasticizer for PVC, particularly for wire and cable.

Specialty plasticizers for polyamides are based on n-alkyl benzene sulfonamides and toluene sulfonamides. Nucleating agents include sulfonamide and ester based product.s, which function also as impact modifiers and lubricants/processing aids.

VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORP.

Benzoflex benzoic acid esters for PVC include Benzoflex 9-88 dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, Benzoflex 2-45 diethylene glycol dibenzoate, Benzoflex 50 (a blend of 9-88 and Benzoflex 2-45), Benzoflex 2088, Benzoflex 2160 (blends of benzoate plasticizers), and Benzoflex 284 propylene glycol dibenzoate. These high-solvating plasticizers provide low fusion temperatures, improved stain resistance, good stability, relatively low volatility, good oil and solvent extraction resistance.

Benzoflex 9-88 SG grade is for low-durometer PUR rolls for graphic arts. Benzoflex P-200, low in volatility, used in vinyl and phenol-formaldehyde resins. Benzoflex 400 PP glycol dibenzoate used in flexible PVC, acrylics, nitrite rubber, polysulfides and polyvinyl acetate. Benzoflex 131, isodecyl benzoate, low-viscosity, moderate-volatility plasticizer used in plastisols for good solvating and low high-shear viscosities. Benzoflex 354 2,2,4trimethyl-1,3-petanediol dibenzoate low-stain type plasticizer used in plastisol silkscreen inks for exceptional dye migration. Benzoflex S-312, S404, S-552 and 352 solid benzoate esters useful as process aids for engineering plastics.

WITCO CORP. PETROLEUM SPECIALTIES GROUP

Line of fully refined USP and NF grade white mineral oils, petrolatums, microcrystalline waxes, and Hydrobrite Plastics Oils low-volatility white oils. Products have a high degree of purity, which imparts superior thermal and uv stability, and used in PS, PP, PE, and elastomer resins. Low-volatility and low vapor pressure enable them to "stay put" in the polymer. Also help to significantly reduce fogging.

WITCO CORP. POLYMER ADDITIVES GROUP

Drapex epoxidized oil and ester plasticizers for PVC include Drapex 4.4 (octyl epoxy tallate), Drapex 6.8 (epoxidized soybean oil), and Drapex 10.4 (epoxidized linseed oil). Drapex 4.4 said to impart excellent low-temperature flexibility to PVC. Used in plastisols and organosols, it offers low viscosity and solvating action. Drapex 6.8 and 10.4 epoxies, resistant to extraction and migration, are FDA-regulated for food-packaging use.