Pathway provided to scalable quantum architectures with non-local quantum gates.One of the basic requirements for building a scalable quantum computer (computer) quantum computer - A type of computer which uses the ability of quantum systems, such as a collection of atoms, to be in many different states at once. In theory, such superpositions allow the computer to perform many different computations simultaneously. is the need to interact arbitrary pairs of qubits (quantum bits) within the computer. However, most quantum interactions have only a short range, limiting interactions between qubits to those that are nearest neighbors. A chain of interactions between neighboring qubits would be required to connect distant qubits, which would be a burdensome communication cost. In a recently submitted paper, three NIST (National Institute of Standards & Technology, Washington, DC, www.nist.gov) The standards-defining agency of the U.S. government, formerly the National Bureau of Standards. It is one of three agencies that fall under the Technology Administration (www.technology. scientists have shown how one can efficiently solve this quantum communication problem by using a set of ancillary quantum bits to create a distant pair of entangled en·tan·gle tr.v. en·tan·gled, en·tan·gling, en·tan·gles 1. To twist together or entwine into a confusing mass; snarl. 2. To complicate; confuse. 3. To involve in or as if in a tangle. qubits. This entangled pair of atoms, or quantum resource, then can be used to efficiently perform or teleport a non-local quantum gate between any two distant qubits. The paper shows that this concept is robust even in the presence of quantum noise Quantum noise is uncertainty of some physical quantity due to its quantum origin. In the case of number of photons, the quantum noise is called also shot noise. Most optical communications use amplitude modulation. In this case, the quantum noise appears as shot noise only. and decoherence. This new concept effectively provides a means of building a quantum bus A quantum bus is a device which can be used to store or transfer information between independent qubits in a quantum computer, or combine two qubits into a superposition. The concept was first demonstrated by researchers at the Schoelkopf lab at Yale in papers published in , a concept very similar to the classical bus connecting the basic architectural elements of the von Neumann computer. Together with the key building blocks of a quantum computer, the quantum bus provides a pathway to a scalable quantum architecture using non-local interactions. CONTACT: Carl Williams, (301) 975-3531; carl.williams@nist.gov. |
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