Part II: examples and extracts from the mass of captured documents (Appendix II - Appendix V).

APPENDIX II

[Identification of Archbishop Makarios [in the later documents] and the code names of some of the leading terrorists.]

It is obviously important to establish the identity of Genikos, Gen or G, who is Grivas' superior. It is clear from the following that these code names refer to Archbishop Makarios.

In the earlier diaries Grivas refers to the Archbishop as "The Archbishop" or "Makarios". Other members of the organization are also referred to by name. After the capture of the caique Ayios Georghios (St. George), which incidentally coincides chronologically with the beginning of the third Grivas diary, Grivas decided to tighten his security and a whole series of code names emerges. Thereafter the Archbishop is referred to as "Genikos", "Gen" or "G". This is evident from the following examples:

(a) In the third and all subsequent diaries, and in the correspondence dated after the 28th January, 1955 (the date of the caique incident), Grivas refers to "Genikos", "Gen" or "G" in the same contexts and in connection with the same subjects as he referred to the "Archbishop" or "Makarios" in the first two.

(b) In an entry dated 11th January in the second diary Grivas records that he asked the "Archbishop" to fix a date for the start of active operations by EOKA. He also records that the date decided by the Archbishop was 25th March, 1955. Grivas wrote a letter which he entered in his fourth diary as having been sent to "Gen" in which he repeated that he was ready and in which he asked for a final confirmation of the date on which EOKA operations were to be started.

(c) Before 28th Jan., 1955, Grivas clearly referred all his supplies of arms to the "Archbishop". Under 11th Jan., 1955, for instance, there is an entry in the diary which states that the "Archbishop" paid 65,000,000 on 5th Jan., 1955, to Gazouleas and Efstathopoullos for the purchase of arms. After 28th Jan., 1955, and in a letter on 13th Feb., 1955, Grivas applies for the purchase of 50 pistols to "Gen" and no longer to the "Archbishop". Grivas could hardly have found both a new Chief and a new Arms Supplier between the two dates in question (viz. 11th Jan., 1955, and 13th Feb., 1955), particularly since Grivas continues after 28th Jan., 1955, to report to "Gen" the movements of group leaders under his command and general information as regards EOKA, exactly in the same manner as he reported this to the "Archbishop" prior to 28th January, 1955.

(d) In his diary for 22nd May, 1955, Grivas states that "Gen" is expected to arrive on Tuesday 24th May. On Sunday 22nd May, 1955, the Archbishop was in Cairo and on that date a report appeared in the local Cyprus Press originating from Cairo that the Archbishop was expected to return to Cyprus during the following week-probably on Tuesday 24th May. In the event the Archbishop returned to Cyprus, without notice, on Friday, 27th May. Grivas noted this in his diary on that day.

(e) There are references in Grivas' diary for the 3rd June, 4th June and 6th June to his meeting with the "Gen": at the Kykko Annexe just outside Nicosia on the 7th June--and an account of that meeting (held on the 7th) appears in Grivas' diary entry for the 7th June, which ends with the words

"We parted with his blessing: good success."

The Archbishop, who served his novitiate at Kykko, frequently visited the Annexe, and is known to have been in Nicosia on the 7th June, 1955.

(f) In his diary for 23rd June Grivas records:

"I have sent a letter to the Gen: advising him to take measures for the protection of his life, following information that the Turks are organizing his assassination." A translation of this letter is reproduced on pages 52-3 and the items numbered 2, 3 and 4 all indicate that it was addressed to the Archbishop.

(g) In a letter dated 23rd May from Grivas to "Gen" he refers to "Gen" as "the real leader of the National Liberation struggle". It is inconceivable that any Enosist should attribute this appellation to anyone other than Archbishop Makarios.

(h) The same letter (g) contains further reference to the rumoured assassination of "Yourself" and of "You and Mr. Dervis" and quotes the rumour in the following terms:

"Instead of shouting you had better murder the Archbishop because then the Greeks will be occupied with the election of a new Archbishop and refrain from the Enosis movement...."

   Note the use of the capital letter Y in "Yourself" and "You"; this
   is a feature of such references throughout most of the documents-
   such would only be reserved for someone who was a high
   dignitary of the Church.

The identification of Grivas with Dighenis has not been seriously challenged, but the documents, in Grivas' own handwriting and the photographic evidence put this beyond all doubt. Furthermore, two further important points emerge from the text of the captured diaries:--

(a) In his diary for 13th February, 1955, Dighenis says that Trikomo was his place of birth. That village is also where Grivas was born.

(b) The entry in the Grivas diaries dated 3rd January, 1955, could have been written by no one but Grivas, as the writer states that he has been given a bulletin of information from which it is quite clear that the authorities are aware of "my" arrival. Then there follows a copy of the bulletin referred to. This relates to police information that Colonel Grivas had returned to Cyprus. It is inconceivable therefore that the writer could be other than Grivas himself. The full text of the diary for this date is as follows, the language of the English portion being as in the original: "He then gave me a bulletin of information from the local authorities from which it is quite clear that they are aware of my arrival." The bulletin reads as follows:--

"The fact that organization in Greece might take an active part in Cyprus over the Enosis question was brought to the fore when information was received on November 24th from a previously untested informant that Colonel Grivas a Cypriot-born naturalized Greek subject who had been refused entry visa in June this year had succeeded in landing secretly in Cyprus earlier in the month. The report added that Grivas was likely to be in the Paphos district that same night."

The following are some of the code names used in the diaries identified with members of the terrorist organization:

Genikos, Gen or G                        Archbishop Makarios
Dighenis, the Leader or Uncle            George Grivas
Cicero                                   Polykarpos Georghiades
Lykourgos                                Markos Drakos
Romanos                                  Renos Kyriakides
Botsaris                                 Poliviou
Tselingas                                Constantinos Lefkosiotis
Zidros                                   Gregorios Afxentiou
X (Diagonal cross and bishop's
crook)                                   Papastavros
Averof                                   Yannakis Drousiotis

APPENDIX III

BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES

ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS III (GENIKOS, GEN OR G)

The Archbishop was born at Pano Panayia, Paphos, on 13th August, 1913. He was entered as a novice at Kykko Monastery in 1926 and finished his theological education in 1942 in Athens. He was ordained in 1946 and in the same year he went to America to study sociology and religion at Boston University.

He was elected Bishop of Kitium in 1948 and Archbishop of Cyprus in October, 1949.

He was arrested and deported to the Seychelles on 9th March, 1956, because of his part in the terrorist campaign.

BISHOP OF KYRENIA

The Bishop of Kyrenia was born at Kakopetria in 1908 and commenced his theological training at Kykko Monastery in 1920. He was elected Bishop of Kyrenia in April, 1948.

He was deported to the Seychelles on 9th March, 1956, because of his association with the terrorist movement.

BISHOP OF KITIUM

The Bishop of Kitium was born at Lazania in 1905, and received his early theological training at Kykko Monastery. He was elected Bishop of Kitium in January, 1951.

In August, 1956, he was placed under restriction because of the part he has played in the terror campaign which was disclosed in the captured diaries.

PAPA AGATHANGELOU (PAPASTAVROS)

Born at Ayios Varvara (Nicosia) in 1910. He became a priest in 1939.

He was deported to the Seychelles in March, 1956, because of the leading part he had taken in the terrorist campaign.

GEORGE GRIVAS (DIGHENIS)

Grivas, a naturalized Greek, was born at Trikomo in Cyprus on 23rd May, 1898. He served as an Artillery Officer in the Greek Army during 1940-41. After the German invasion, Grivas returned to Athens where he remained throughout the occupation. He never joined the resistance and it was in Athens that he first met Makarios who was then deacon of the Irini church. Later he controlled and organized the underground movement "KHI" in Greece, a fanatically anti-Communist and Royalist movement. During 1946-47 a number of murders and other acts of brutality in Greece were attributed to "KHI" and it earned a very bad name with the Greek people. It did not operate against the Germans, nor was its leader, Grivas, trained or assisted by the British. He came to Cyprus to lead the terror campaign at the invitation of the Archbishop in 1954.

GREGORIOS AFXENTIOU (ZIDROS)

Afxentiou was born at Lysi in Cyprus in 1928. In 1948 he went to Greece and served with the Greek Army until 1952. He then returned to Cyprus and worked as a motor bus driver. He joined EOKA early in 1955 and soon became a group leader.

RENOS KYRIAKIDES (ROMANOS)

He is the younger brother of the Bishop of Kyrenia. In 1955 he was acting as a Staff Officer to Grivas in the Troodos area. He took part in many raids but was wounded and captured by the security forces on 12th December, 1955.

MARKOS DRAKOS (LYKOURGOS)

Drakos was born at Kalopanayiotis in 1930. He was employed as a clerk at Xeros in 1952 and subsequently joined the Hellenic Mining Company until May, 1955, when he was dismissed. He had been a member of the Organizing Committee of PEON, and, as did all the other members, became one of the first EOKA group leaders.

He was arrested on 16th July, 1955, and detained in Kyrenia Castle, whence he escaped on 23rd September, 1955.

POLYKARPOS GEORGHIADES (CICERO)

He was born at Palekhori in 1931. From 1950 until his arrest on 20th October, 1955, he worked at the Nicosia Chamber of Commerce. He was one of the original members of EOKA. On 19th January, 1956, he escaped from detention and joined Afxentiou in the hills. He later moved to Nicosia where he was recaptured on 1st June, 1956.

On 31st August, he escaped during a gun battle at Nicosia General Hospital, where he had been taken for X-ray treatment.

APPENDIX IV

DETAILS OF TERRORIST ATROCITIES

Deaths and Injuries caused by Terrorists up to 3rd Sept., 1956

     POLICE KILLED                     CIVILIANS KILLED
UK   GREEK       TURKISH    UK   GREEK     TURKISH   OTHERS
     CYPRIOT     CYPRIOT         CYPRIOT   CYPRIOT
4      9            7       6      68        3      1 AMERICAN
                                                    2 ARMENIANS
                                                    1 MARONITE
                                                    1 MALTESE
      TOTAL 20                          TOTAL 82

       POLICE WOUNDED                  CIVILIANS WOUNDED
UK   GREEK     TURKISH    UK     GREEK      TURKISH   OTHERS
     CYPRIOT   CYPRIOT           CYPRIOT    CYPRIOT

6     21         28       34      102        27        14

     TOTAL 55                              TOTAL 177

                         MILITARY

          KILLED                          WOUNDED
            42                              181

Let us now bring reality to these figures by giving the details of ten terrorist murders or attempted murders--the victims are of various nationalities and include women and children.

1. MURDER ATTEMPTED IN HOSPITAL

Mrs. Ariadne Constantinou, a Greek Cypriot midwife who had worked for many years in the villages of Larnaca and Famagusta Districts, was denounced by Athens Radio on 26th November, 1955. Her alleged crime was the appropriation of funds collected for EOKA. Two days later, on 28th November, a masked gunman entered her house at Famagusta and shot her. She was hit by three bullets, but survived. Five weeks later, she was recovering in Nicosia General Hospital, though her mental condition was such that a transfer to the Mental Hospital was under consideration. On the night of 4th January, 1956, a masked man sneaked into the dimly lit ward where Ariadne and some thirty other patients were sleeping. He fired three shots at her, then ran off. Ariadne miraculously survived this second attack, though one of the bullets lodged over her left eye under the scalp, but without penetrating the skull.

2. ABBOT MURDERED IN HIS MONASTERY

On the night of 11th February, 1956, Epiphanios Georgiades, Abbot of Chrysoroyiatissa Monastery since 1950, was sitting in his room, listening to the radio news with two other members of the community. Two masked men, wearing black robes, entered and motioned the monks away from the Abbot. One of the gunmen covered the monks with a revolver, as they stood facing the wall and with their hands above their heads. The other then fired two rounds with a double-barrelled shotgun at the Abbot, who collapsed as he made for the door.

3. MOTHER INJURED WHILE SHIELDING HER CHILDREN

On the evening of 12th January, 1956, a home-made bomb was thrown through a bedroom window of a house in Larnaca, occupied by Sgt. Smith of the British Army. In the room, Mrs. Smith was putting their two children to bed, a boy aged 7 and a girl aged 6. Before the bomb exploded, Mrs. Smith jumped to shield the children from the blast. They were unhurt, although one was thrown from the bed by it. Mrs. Smith received severe injuries in the leg, as a result of which her right foot had to be amputated.

4. MURDER IN CHURCH

On 18th March, 1956, the usual Sunday morning service was in progress in Ayios Georghias Church, Kythrea. Singing in the choir was Manoli Pierides; in the congregation were two of his four children. Four masked men burst into the church, forced the congregation to face the wall while they singled out Manoli and shot him dead in the choir stall.

5. MURDER IN A MATERNITY HOME 

On the evening of Sunday, 15th April, 1956, a young Greek Cypriot police officer, Assistant Superintendent Kyriakos Aristotelous, went to a private maternity home in Nicosia to pay his daily visit to his wife and first-born son, born only five days before. Three gunmen, masked and armed with two pistols and a Sten gun, shot him dead in the doctor's office within calling distance of his wife, wounding the doctor also. Aristotelous was well known and liked among all communities in Nicosia.

6. EIGHTEEN-YEAR-OLD BOY BOUND AND SHOT

In the early evening of 3rd June, 1956, two members of the Security Forces went for a bathe with the 18-year-old son of a third. As they were returning on foot to their camp at Dhekelia, they were ambushed by two gunmen. One of the soldiers was killed outright, but the other managed to escape. The boy, Roy Garrett, was captured and taken some distance away by the terrorists, who tied his hands behind him and then shot him in the back. He pretended to be dead and they left him. His cries for help were ignored by a shepherd and three youths who passed by and, though wounded and bound, he managed to crawl to a nearby church, where he was later found still alive.

7. AMERICAN CONSULAR OFFICIAL MURDERED

On the evening of 16th June, 1956, the Hungarian-owned "Little Soho" restaurant was, as usual, largely patronized by Americans. Shortly after 9.30, two youths appeared in the doorway and threw two water-pipe bombs at a table where four Americans were dining, then disappeared. The missiles exploded at once, killing William P. Boteler, 26-year-old Vice-Consul, and injuring his three companions.

8. DOUBLE MURDER ON PICNIC OUTING

On Sunday morning, 8th July, 1956, five months after their arrival in Cyprus, George Kaberry (a Customs official) and his young wife set off to picnic on the Kyrenia coast. As they drove through the hills, their car was stopped by an obstruction on a sharp bend. Gunmen lying in ambush opened fire with automatic weapons and shotguns, and three grenades were thrown at the car. When the car came to a standstill the attackers, who fired from close range, could not have failed to recognize the passenger as a woman. Mrs. Kaberry, who was expecting her first child, was killed instantaneously by Sten gun fire. Her husband managed to reverse some 30 yards back from the point of initial attack, where he was found lying in the road beside the car. His body down to his knees was one mass of shotgun wounds and bruises. It seems that the Cypriot "patriots" (to whom Athens Radio next day attributed the attack) beat him up before ending his life with a shotgun, fired at point-blank range into his stomach.

9. SHOP MANAGER MURDERED

A young Maltese shop manager, Edward Bonici Mompalda, was on his way to meet his Greek Cypriot fiancee, 22-year-old Drosoulla Demetriades, at lunchtime on 25th July, 1956, in Nicosia. When only fifty yards away from their meeting place, Bonici was shot in the back five times and killed outright. His only "crime" was supposedly that of being a special constable.

10. MOTHER OF THREE KILLED

Mrs. Melani Omirou Neofytou, mother of three young children, was alone in her grocery shop in central Nicosia, sleeping in a deckchair during the afternoon of 26th July, 1956. Two men entered her shop and one of them shot Melani five times in the head, neck and chest, killing her instantaneously.

APPENDIX V

WHY ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS WAS DEPORTED (An Announcement issued in Cyprus on 9th March, 1956)

The Governor reached his decision to order the Archbishop's deportation in the light, not only of his overt seditious activities, but also of a large volume of evidence indicating that the Archbishop has himself been deeply implicated in the campaign of terrorism launched by the organization known as EOKA. In recent months, as the Security Forces have penetrated further into the terrorist organization, evidence of the Archbishop's complicity has accumulated from many different sources. The Governor has scrutinized the information thus collected with the greatest possible care, and has reluctantly reached the conclusion that it establishes beyond all reasonable doubt that the Archbishop has not merely countenanced but has actively fostered terrorism in order to promote his political aims. While overtly and in apparent good faith conducting negotiations for a political settlement of the Island's future, the Archbishop has surreptitiously encouraged and abetted the terrorists in order to improve his own bargaining position in the negotiations.

2. The Archbishop's association with the elements out of which EOKA has emerged dates back to 1951, when, soon after his election as Archbishop, he personally undertook the formation of the extreme Nationalist youth organization known as PEON.

3. When establishing branches of that organization, the Archbishop said that it would be modelled on the lines of the National Youth Organization established under the Metaxas regime in Greece. He spoke of the need for secrecy and for sacrifices, for the boycott of British goods and the British way of life, for the destruction of shops displaying English signs, for the production of a clandestine newspaper, and for establishment of contributory funds for the national struggle. In July, 1951, Colonel Grivas (now reported to be the leader of EOKA) arrived in Cyprus at the Archbishop's invitation to advise on the organization of PEON which was to follow that of Grivas' extremist "KHI" organization in Greece.

4. During the period 1951-1953 evidence accumulated that this organization, to which the Archbishop continued to give his personal patronage, was being used for subversive purposes and was preparing for a resort to violence. It developed contacts with irredentist agencies in Greece. Its members were involved in the dissemination of subversive propaganda and in illegal demonstrations resulting in damage to property. In June, 1953, the organization was rendered illegal by withdrawal by Government of its registration under the Clubs Law.

5. It continued to function underground, and it provided the organizational basis and staff on which EOKA was later built. Its ex-General Secretary (Stavros Poskotis) and several persons who had been leading members were among a group of terrorists who perpetrated the first EOKA outrages at Larnaca on 1st April, 1955. They were later sentenced to terms of imprisonment ranging from three to nine years. Another person (Evghenios Cotsapas) who, as District Secretary, had taken a leading part in establishing the branch at Limassol was caught red-handed on 18th November, 1955, carrying bombs in his car, and was later sentenced to three years' imprisonment. He is the son of an Ethnarchy councillor who is himself now in detention. No fewer than three out of the five members of the former Nicosia district committee of the organization (Christor, Eleftherion, Evengelos, Evangelakis, and Markos Drakos) are now members of the terrorist gangs at large in the Island and one of these was a personal protege of the Archbishop. Such were the men to whom Archbishop Makarios entrusted the formation of a Youth Organization under his personal patronage.

6. In August, 1954, a certain Zaphirios Valvis visited Cyprus at the Archbishop's request. This man is a Greek national and by profession a lawyer practising at Athens. He is now known to have been one of the principal lieutenants of Colonel Grivas and a member of an organization in Greece which has been responsible for arranging shipments of arms and explosives to the terrorists in Cyprus. He had a number of meetings with the Archbishop and attended a meeting of the Holy Synod and of other leading Enosists, held at Mesapotames Monastery and presided over by the Archbishop. There is reason to believe that at that meeting the plans were laid which later bore fruit in the organized violence and terrorism of EOKA.

7. Over the past two years information has been received from a number of different sources indicating that the Archbishop has personally supplied funds to Agents in Greece for the purchase and supply of arms and explosives for use in terrorist operations in Cyprus. In particular, it is reported that a large sum from the moneys which the Archbishop collected from Greek communities in the United States during his visit there in 1954 was handed over by him in Athens to Valvis for the purchase and delivery of the explosives which were later seized while being smuggled into Cyprus in the Greek schooner "Ayios Georghios". The Governor has carefully examined these various reports and is satisfied that they establish beyond doubt that the Archbishop has provided large sums of money to irredentist agencies in Greece, and in so doing was aware that they would be used for the shipment of arms and explosives to Cyprus.

8. Funds under the Archbishop's control are known to have been used to pay fines imposed by the Courts on persons who had taken part in illegal political activities in Cyprus. Members of the Greek-Orthodox community requiring the services of the Archbishopric have been required to contribute to a fund for the "National struggle" and the various fees and dues charged for such services have been increased with the same object.

9. The Archbishopric has been used for the production of EOKA leaflets on a scale which would have been impossible without the Archbishop's connivance.

10. The Archbishopric has also been used for the temporary storage of arms and grenades.

11. There is strong circumstantial evidence to show that the timing and intensity of terrorist activities have been adjusted to strengthen the bargaining position of the Archbishop during the course of his negotiations with the Governor. It is also noticeable that during his absences from the Island in April-May and October-November of last year a marked lull occurred in terrorist activity.

12. Besides his contacts with Grivas and his lieutenant Valvis, the Archbishop's personal relations with known members of the EOKA organization are such as to provide strong corroboration of his complicity in the activities of the terrorists. The organizer of the "Ayios Georghios" gun-running venture was Sokratis Loizides, brother of the Ethnarchy Councillor Savvas Loizides who frequently has acted as the Archbishop's spokesman in Athens. Certain of the detailed arrangements for this shipment were made by Andreas Azinas, a personal protege of the Archbishop, who had previously been elected as Secretary-General of the Pancyprian Farmers Union, with support from the Archbishop. This man is now wanted by the police for his part in the "Ayios Georghios" case. The convicted terrorist Stavros Poskotis, whom the Archbishop selected as Secretary-General of the Youth Organization PEON, was employed in the printing works belonging to the Archbishopric. It was there too that the Archbishop's close kinsman Charalambos Mouskos was employed, before he absconded and embarked on the career of murder and violence which terminated in his being shot dead in a gun battle with a member of the Security Forces. It was on the Archbishop's orders that this man was given shelter and medical treatment in Kykko Monastery (where Archbishop Makarios had served his novitiate). When Karaolis, the convicted murderer of a police constable, was arrested it was another employee of the Archbishopric printing works who was taking him in his car to join the terrorist gang then operating in the Kyrenia hills; the driver of the car absconded and is still wanted by the police.

13. Finally, one of the most significant and surely one of the most culpable aspects of the Archbishop's conduct is his persistent failure, despite his position as the religious leader of the Greek Cypriot Orthodox Christian community, to condemn the wickedness and brutality of EOKA's methods. At once, on the outbreak of terrorism last April, he was urged by the then Governor to denounce violence. He failed to do so. He failed even to comment on the patently irreligious oath which the terrorists were urging schoolchildren to take. Further attempts to induce him to give his community a lead against terrorism were also fruitless. He has remained silent while policemen and soldiers have been murdered in cold blood, while women and children have been killed and maimed by bombs, while a Cypriot woman was shot and wounded for the second time as she lay in hospital recovering from a previous terrorist attack, and even while he stood by the coffin of an Abbot of his own Church who was brutally murdered by terrorists in his own monastery. His silence has understandably been accepted among his community as not merely condoning, but even approving, assassination and bomb-throwing. He has confirmed that interpretation by referring in sermons to convicted terrorists as patriots and by urging his fellow-countrymen to take the law into their own hands. And now in the last few weeks he has sought positively to exploit his power to influence the members of his Church against violence by seeking to bargain this against concessions from Her Majesty's Government on the form of a constitution and on the grant of an amnesty to terrorists convicted of crimes of violence.

14. On this evidence the Governor has decided that the example and influence of Archbishop Makarios is so detrimental to public safety and public order that his continued presence in the Island can no longer be tolerated. He has taken this step only after the most careful and deliberate consideration. He is well aware of the pain and dismay that this measure will cause not only among the Greek-Orthodox community in Cyprus but in the world at large.

15. So long as there were grounds to hope that the Archbishop might be induced to use the influence which he possesses among his community to lead them away from violence, disorder and fear and back to the path of peace and democratic rule the Governor was of the opinion that the good of the people of Cyprus as a whole compelled him to overlook the shameful record of the Archbishop's complicity in bloodshed, intimidation and the tyrannous suppression of free opinion. The Archbishop has chosen to reject the offer of a new and constructive approach to the Island's political problems and to continue to seek to gain his ends by force. With that he has finally removed any compunction that the Governor may have felt against dealing with him, not as a responsible political leader, and still less as the head of a Christian Church, but in that character which he has himself chosen to prefer, the leader of a political campaign which relies on the use of ruthless violence and terrorism.

Guidelines for the Submission of Manuscripts

1. The Journal of Cyprus Studies publishes articles in English and Turkish, and in accordance with the principles expressed in its Editorial Policy. It is understood that manuscripts submitted to the JCS for consideration have not been published previously, in part or in whole, and are not simultaneously under consideration for publication elsewhere. The ideas and opinions expressed in articles published in the Journal are the sole responsibility of the author(s), and do not reflect the views and policies of the Centre for Cyprus Studies or Eastern Mediterranean University. Responsibility for copyright permissions rests with the author(s).

2. A manuscript will be accepted for publication only if the editors and/or the editorial board, as well as the referee(s) agree that it should be.

3. Manuscripts should be sent to the editor either i) on a disk as a Microsoft Word (or a Word compatible) document or ii) as an e-mail attachment.

4. The following should be included in the body of the e-mail: title of the paper, your name and postal address, your institutional affiliation, daytime telephone and fax numbers (if available). An abstract (maximum 200 words) should be included as a separate document. Please provide, under the abstract, between 3 and 8 keywords for your manuscript.

5. There is no strict word limit for articles, but we prefer to publish articles that are between 6,000 and 10,000 words (including notes).

6. The manuscript should be prepared for blind review: The author's name and institutional affiliation are not to appear, so described, in the manuscript. Such information should appear only on the cover letter, which must be on a separate page. References to the author's own work must be cast in such a way that they do not reveal the author's identity. We recommend simply replacing the entire reference, including title and facts of publication, with an expression such as Author's article, Author's book, Author's book 2, etc. Acknowledgements that could allow a reader to deduce the author's identity must be removed for the initial review.

7. The Manuscript should be properly formatted. The entire manuscript (including notes, quotes, and formulae) should be double-spaced. The entire manuscript should be in 'Times New Roman' font, 12pt. All pages must be numbered. Notes should be placed at the end of the manuscript. Manuscripts should conform to The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed. See our style sheet below.

8. Style Sheet

1. Use endnotes, not footnotes.

2. Use italics, not underlining, for book and journal titles.

3. For well-known cities, omit state/country name from facts of publication.

4. Omit the abbreviations 'p.' and 'pp.' for page numbers.

5. See the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, for detailed information; examples of reference types are shown below.

Journal article

Stephen Yablo, "Mental Causation," Philosophical Review 101 (1992): 245-80.

Book

Samuel Scheffler, Human Morality (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 25-30.

Article in a book

John W. Houck, "Stories and Culture in Business Life," in A Virtuous Life in Business: Stories of Courage and Integrity in the Corporate World, ed. Oliver F. Williams and John W. Houck (Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 1992), 129-38.

Note:

For repeated references, do not use 'op. cit.'--use a short title instead (e.g., Yablo, "Mental Causation").

You may use 'ibid.' (not italicized) where appropriate.

If you make many references to a single work, you may (and are encouraged to) give bibliographic information in a note at the first such reference, and then, for subsequent references, give page numbers only, in parentheses, run into the main text.

The subsequent references are run into the text, enclosed in parentheses, like so: (Yablo 1992, 248-52). The author's name may be omitted if it is clearly implied by context.

Note the distinction between 'Yablo 1992', which refers to a work, and 'Yablo (1992)', which is a reference to Yablo the person, followed by a parenthetical reference to one of Yablo's works.

Abbreviations. Most abbreviations should be spelled out and rendered in English.

Emphasis. Use italics, not underlining.

Quotation marks. Use double quotation marks for quoted material run into the text, and for irony and other literary purposes. Use single quotation marks for quoted material within a quotation and to mention linguistic expressions.

Spelling. Use American spelling.

For further information see: http://jcs.emu.edu.tr

Yazi Gondermek Isteyen Yazarlarm Dikkatine

1. Kibris Arastirmalari Dergisi, Derginin Amaci bolumunde belirtilen ilkeler dogrultusunda Turkce ve Ingilizce makaleler yayinlar. Dergide basilacak yazi ve makalelerin iceriginin ozgun olmasi, daha once hicbir yerde yayimlanmamis, hali hazirda baska bir dergide degerlendirme asamasinda olmamasi ve yayin haklarinin verilmemis olmasi gerekmektedir. Dergide yayinlanan makalelerde ifade edilen inanc, gorus ve fikirler tamamen yazar veya yazarlara ait olup, Kibris Arastirmalari Merkezi veya Dogu Akdeniz Universitesi'nin goruslerini ve genel politikasini yansitmaz. Yazinin icindeki malzemelerle ilgili telif haklarinin elde edilmesi yazar veya yazarlarin sorumlulugundadir.

2. Bir yazi ancak editor, yayin kurulu ve hakemler tarafindan uygun goruldugu takdirde yayinlanacak.

3. Yazilar editore ya Microsoft Word, ya da Microsoft Word uyumlu bir programda yazilmis olarak i) cd uzerinde, ya da ii) e-posta baglantili gonderilmelidir.

4. Yazarlar adlarini, yazinin basligini, hangi kurumda calistiklarini, posta adresi, telefon ve faks numaralarini ve e-posta adreslerini yazidan bagimsiz olarak ayri bir sayfada gondermeliler. Bununla birlikte 200 kelimeyi asmayacak sekilde Ingilizce ve Turkce (mumkunse) ozetler ve altina 3-8 kelimeden olusan anahtar kelimeler yaziya eklenmelidir.

5. Kesin bir kelime kisitlamasi olmasa da metin ve notlar birlikte 6000-10000 kelime arasi olmasi tercih edilmektedir.

6. Degerlendirmeye alinan makalelerin yazarlari ve hakemlerin karsilikli olarak isimleri gizli tutulur. Degerlendirmedeki gizlilik esasi icin makalede yazarin adi ve calitigi kurum gecmemelidir. Bu bilgiler sadece gonderilen elektronik posta mektubunda yer almalidir. Degerlendirmeye gidecek makalede yazarin kendisine yaptigi referanslar yazarin kimligini aciga cikartmayacak sekilde verilmelidir. Butun referanslari ayni sekilde verip yazarin adi yerine sadece Yazarin makalesi, yazarin kitabi ve yazarin kitabi 2 gibi verilmesi yeterli olacaktir. Yazarin kimligini aciga cikartacak tesekkur notlari makalenin ilk gonderiminde yer almamalidir.

7. Degerlendirmeye goderilen yazilar asagidaki belirtilen format olcutlerine uygun olmalidir: Ana metin: 12 punto, "Times New Roman" karakterde, iki (2) aralikla yazilmalidir. Kaynaklara gondermeler dipnot olarak makalenin sonunda velilmelidir. Yayin icin goderilen makaleler Chicago Manuel of Style, 15inci Basim, uygun olmalidir. Butun sayfalar numaralandirilmalidir.

8. Kaynaklara referans

1. Dipnotlari makalenin sonunda verilmelidir.

2. Kitap ve dergi isimleri icin italik kullanilmalidir.

3. Basim bilgilerinde bilindik sehirler icin eyalet ve devlet isimleri yazilmamalidir.

4. Bibliyografik notlar icin asagida verilen bazi orneklerde oldugu gibi Chicago Manuel of Style (15. basim) kullanilmalidir. Sureli yayinlar:

Stephen Yablo, "Mental Causation," Philosophical Review 101 (1992): 245-80.

Kitaplar:

Samuel Scheffler, Human Morality (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 25-30.

Kitap icinde makale: John W. Houck, "Stories and Culture in Business Life," A Virtuous Life in Business: Stories of Courage and Integrity in the Corporate World, der. Oliver F. Williams ve John W. Houck (Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 1992), 129-38.

Not:

Tekrarlayan referanslar icin 'op. cit.' kullanilmamali, bunun yerine kisa isim kullanilmali (ornegin, Yablo, "Mental Causation"). Eger ayni kaynaga bircok kez atifta bulunuyorsaniz bibliyografik bilgileri ilk sefer bir notta verdikten sonra ayrac icinde sayfa numaralarini ana metnin icinde vermeniz tavsiye edilir. Ayrac icindeki sira soyle olmalidir: yazar(lar)in soyadi, kaynagin yili, sayfa numaralari. Kasilasilabilecek farkli durumlar soyle orneklenebilir: (Yablo 1992, 248-52). Eger yazarin ismi acik bir sekilde geciyorsa metnin icinde yazarin ismi yazilmayabilir. Burada dikkat edilmesi gereken nokta 'Yablo 1992' (bir esere referans verir) ve 'Yablo (1992)' (bir yazara ve parantez icinde onun bir eserine referans verir) arasindaki farktir.

Kisaltmalar. Kisaltmalar ilk acik halleriyle yazilmalidir.

Vurgu. Italik kullanilmali.

Tirnak Isarareti. Alinti ironi ve diger edebi amaclar icin cift tirnak isareti kullanilmali. Tek tirnak isareti alintinin icinde alinti varsa ve dilbilimsel terminoloji icin gerekliyse kullanilmali.

Detaili bilgi icin bkz.: http://jcs.emu.edu.tr

Correction for Issue 31

On the Contents page the names of the authors of the article "Avrupa Birligi Cevre Hukuku ve KKTC" should read, as on page 93, Birol Ertan/Kivilcim Akkoyunlu Ertan. We regred this error and apologize to the authors.

Sayi 31 icin Duzeltme

"Avrupa Birligi Cevre Hukuku ve KKTC" makalesinin yazarlari Icindekiler bolumunde, 93uncu sayfada belirtildigi gibi, Birol Ertan/Kivilcim Akkoyunlu Ertan olmasi gerekmektedir. Bu onemli yanlistan dolayi yazarlardan ozur dileriz.

* The Greek work "Makariotate" is a form of address reserved for the Archbishop.

** From the context of this document, taken with the context of other captured documents and the Grivas diaries, the addressee cannot be any other than Archbishop Makarios.

*** Papastavros. See page 91. Receipt of this letter was mentioned in the diary for the 29th April, 1955.

**** These words are deleted in the original.

***** Deported to the Seychelles in March, 1956.

****** Believed to mean "Shotgun Assault Groups".

******* Poliviou.

([dagger]) EOKA supplies.