Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL). (Medication Update).MODE OF ACTION Muscarinic muscarinic /mus·ca·rin·ic/ (mus?kah-rin´ik) denoting the cholinergic effects of muscarine on postganglionic parasympathetic neural impulses. receptor antagonist. Direct smooth muscle antispasmodic antispasmodic /an·ti·spas·mod·ic/ (-spaz-mod´ik) 1. preventing or relieving spasms. 2. an agent that so acts. an·ti·spas·mod·ic adj. effects. EFFECTS ON OVERACTIVE BLADDER Decreases the occurrence of uninhibited contractions of the detrusor muscle Detrusor muscle Bladder muscle. Mentioned in: Urine Flow Test , relaxes the smooth muscle of the bladder, and delays the initial urge to void the bladder. CONTRAINDICATIONS Known hypersensitivity to oxybutynin or other formulation components. Intestinal atony atony /at·o·ny/ (at´ah-ne) lack of normal tone or strength; flaccidity.aton´ic at·o·ny or a·to·ni·a n. Lack of normal tone or tension; flaccidity. atony see atonia. in elderly or debilitated patients, megacolon, myasthenia gravis paralytic ileus, gastroesophageal reflux esophagitis, ulcerative colitis, uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma, unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage, urinary or gastric retention or obstruction. Pregnancy Category B Pregnancy category B Animal studies indicate no fetal risk, but no human studies; or adverse effects in animals, but not in well-controlled human studies. Mentioned in: Antianxiety Drugs . ADVERSE EFFECTS Constipation (13.1%), blurred vision (7.7%), diarrhea (9.1%), dizziness (6.3%), drowsiness (11.9%), dry eyes (6.1%), dry mouth (60.8%), dyspepsia (6.8%), headache (9.8%), and nausea (8.9%). DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS Oxybutynin may increase levels of beta blockers and digoxin. Oxybutynin may decrease therapeutic effectiveness of clomipramine clomipramine /clo·mip·ra·mine/ (klo-mip´rah-men) a tricyclic antidepressant with anxiolytic activity, also used in obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, bulimia nervosa, cataplexy associated with narcolepsy, and chronic, severe and phenothiazines. Amantadine amantadine /aman·ta·dine/ (ah-man´tah-den) an antiviral compound used as the hydrochloride salt to treat influenza A; also used as an antidyskinetic in the treatment of parkinsonism and drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions. may increase anticholinergic adverse effects when combined with oxybutynin. DRUG-FOOD INTERACTIONS Food has no clinically significant effects on oxybutynin. RECOMMENDED DOSE Immediate-release: 5 mg BID to TID, up to maximum of 5 mg QID. Extended-release: 5 mg QD, up to 30 mg QD. DOSAGE FORMS AVAILABLE Immediate-release: 5 mg tablets and 5 mg/mL syrup. Extended-release: 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg tablets. MANUFACTURER ALZA. Various generic companies also manufacture the immediate-release dosage form. OTHER POINTS OF INTEREST In hot temperatures, the possibility of heat stroke is increased with oxybutynin. References (1.) Hutchison TA, Shahan DR (eds): DRUGDEX System. MICROMEDEX, Inc., Greenwood Village, Colo (Edition expires 3/2002) (2.) Hebel SK, Katstrup EK (eds): Drug Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, Mo, 2001 |
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