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Northward bound: the United States represents an enormous export opportunity for small- to medium-sized Mexican companies. A few success stories light the way for others./Mirando al Norte: Estados Unidos representa una enorme oportunidad de exportacion para las PYMEs mexicanas. Algunos casos de exito muestran que hay un camino posible.


Over the course of two generations, they made shoes in Leon, Guanajuato. Today the Vera family, with Jose Luis at its head as general director, owns Botas Pistolero, a small- to medium-sized company (PYME PYME Pequeña Y Mediana Empresa  for its initials in Spanish) that makes US$5 million a year. Lucrative earnings are the direct result of the Vera family's far-reaching vision. Rather than focusing on the internal market, they set their sights farther north: 94 percent of their retails sell to the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area. , a market that they conquered in only eight years. "Mexican PYMEs have enormous possibilities," assures the businessman. "But you have to face the challenge knowing the rules of the game."

Botas Pistolero was created as a business with a small, flexible administrative structure, which has been one of the keys to its success. What's more, nearly all of its 90 employees are shoemaking experts who give an artisan value to its boots made of exotic leathers. They make 1,500 pairs per week. And thanks to the fact that 100 percent of the company's income is in dollars, the Veras aren't pressed for the import costs of their primary materials: ostrich ostrich, common name for a large flightless bird (Struthio camelus) of Africa and parts of SW Asia, allied to the rhea, the emu and the extinct moa. It is the largest of living birds; some males reach a height of 8 ft (244 cm) and weigh from 200 to 300 lb , manta ray manta ray
 or devil ray or devilfish

Any of several genera of warm-water marine rays, constituting the family Mobulidae, that are wider than they are long.
, caiman caiman: see alligator.
caiman

Any member of several species of Central and South American reptiles of the alligator family. Like the rest of the crocodile order, caimans are amphibious, lizardlike carnivores.
 and python Python, in Greek mythology
Python, in Greek mythology, a huge serpent. In some myths the infant Apollo slew Python at the oracle of Gaea in Delphi; in others Apollo killed the serpent in order to claim the oracle for himself.
 skins that they purchase in Thailand, Korea and South Africa South Africa, Afrikaans Suid-Afrika, officially Republic of South Africa, republic (2005 est. pop. 44,344,000), 471,442 sq mi (1,221,037 sq km), S Africa. .

"We learned that to sell in the United States you have to deliver quality, permanent innovation, competitive prices, respect the price quotes and not try to make the big deal the first time out," affirms Vera.

The notion of PYMEs as the lagging Lagging

Strategy used by a firm to stall payments, normally in response to exchange rate projections.
 victims of big commerce seems to be changing. Botas Pistolero's case is not an isolated example. Testimonies to the contrary are such companies as Aloe Jaumave, from the state of Tamaulipas, which exports leaves of aloe and its derivitaves; Ernesto Ibarra and Company, which sells chile and chimichurri chim·i·chur·ri  
n.
A sauce made of chopped fresh parsley seasoned with garlic, pepper, and herbs and bound with oil and vinegar.



[American Spanish.]
 sauces, among other processed foods; Colonial Mexicano, which makes colonial and hacienda-style furniture; and even the ejidatarios--large, communally owned parcels of land--in Mexquitic county, in San Luis Potosi San Lu·is Po·to·sí  

A city of central Mexico northeast of León. It was founded in the late 1500s and is a mining, transportation, and industrial center. Population: 659,000.

Noun 1.
, which are planning to create micro-industries to export mole and enchiladas, belts and cowboy boots to the U.S.

In Mexico there are more than 35,000 PYMEs already exporting. It's true that they represent only two percent of total business interests in the sector, and the value of their sales averages only about US$200,000. Still, it's worth it to note the glass as half-full. Since the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), accord establishing a free-trade zone in North America; it was signed in 1992 by Canada, Mexico, and the United States and took effect on Jan. 1, 1994.  (NAFTA NAFTA
 in full North American Free Trade Agreement

Trade pact signed by Canada, the U.S., and Mexico in 1992, which took effect in 1994. Inspired by the success of the European Community in reducing trade barriers among its members, NAFTA created the world's
) in 1993, the number of PYMEs that export to the region has grown over 50 percent. Those exporting less than US$1 million grew 44 percent, and exporters of over US$1 million rose 105.3 percent in the same period.

"We have a long way to go," says Jose Luis Rangel, national director of the Integrated Support Program for Small and Medium Businesses (PIAPYME). Nevertheless, the official emphasizes a critical point: "Facing globalization globalization

Process by which the experience of everyday life, marked by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, is becoming standardized around the world. Factors that have contributed to globalization include increasingly sophisticated communications and transportation
 is a challenge that PYMEs can't avoid anymore. If they don't prepare themselves to compete outside of the country, external competition will come sooner or later to them."

When Jose Luis Vera Luis Vera is Venezuelan football player.  proposed to sell his boots in the U.S., the first door he knocked on was BANCOMEXT's (the National Bank of International Commerce of Mexico). With only US$400 in his pocket and the support of the institution behind him, he went to the first international fair in Las Vegas Las Vegas (läs vā`gəs), city (1990 pop. 258,295), seat of Clark co., S Nev.; inc. 1911. It is the largest city in Nevada and the center of one of the fastest-growing urban areas in the United States. . Since then, he hasn't stopped selling.

Next, the bank lent help with a revolving credit Revolving Credit

A line of credit where the customer pays a commitment fee and is then allowed to use the funds when they are needed. It is usually used for operating purposes, fluctuating each month depending on the customers current cash flow needs.
 of US$500,000. This official aid allowed him to study the market he hoped to tackle, generate and then enlarge his list of clients and finance raw materials and even North American North American

named after North America.


North American blastomycosis
see North American blastomycosis.

North American cattle tick
see boophilusannulatus.
 clients.

"First is the definition of a niche in the market and getting to know exactly how to respond to that demand," suggests Vera. "Next, through the Secretary of the Economy and BANCOMEXT BANCOMEXT Banco Nacional de Comercio Exterior, SNC (Mexico) , you find the paths."

[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED]

According to according to
prep.
1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians.

2. In keeping with: according to instructions.

3.
 the secretary of the Economy, Sergio Garcia de Alba, "the lack of knowledge of the federal government's support" is one of the reasons why PYMEs don't have a bigger exporting culture. The market is served. The hard part is constructing the strategies necessary to leave the bullring and conquer the bull.

But exporting isn't just about being willing to do it. Basically, it demands an intelligent proposal. "It means that the PYME business person must have tight control over the product," affirms Carlos Bello Roch, member of the unit of Foreign Investment at BANCOMEXT, backed by his broad experience as a consultant in Atlanta and Dallas.

According to Bello Roch, to achieve this control one must pay attention on two distinct planes to the export strategy: the procedures and regulations (see "10 Steps to Begin the Adventure" on pages 22 and 23) and the intrinsic characteristics of the target market. That is to say, its specific geographic, ethnic and sector profiles. The exact alignment of the product with the demand depends on it.

[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED]

"When we decided to enter the United States, we defined three ports of entry," says Vera. "Chicago, for the Midwest market; Los Angeles Los Angeles (lôs ăn`jələs, lŏs, ăn`jəlēz'), city (1990 pop. 3,485,398), seat of Los Angeles co., S Calif.; inc. 1850. , for the Southeast; and Dallas, in the South." But that wasn't all.

At the same time, the Leon company intently studied how the Anglo-Saxon and Hispanic markets that provided the demand acted. "Even though they are in the same country, they don't buy the same way, not even at the same time of the year," details Botas Pistolero's general director The company follows the tendencies of the sector, participating in fairs all over the world. As a result, Vera arrived at the conclusion that he should open up to the feminine market, and now 25 percent of his production is directed towards women.

SELLING GEOGRAPHICALLY

According to a BANCOMEXT study, to enter the U.S. market one must take the country's geographic diversity into account. The U.S. is divided into six geographic business areas, and in each one, there are one or more cities that serve as the starting point Noun 1. starting point - earliest limiting point
terminus a quo

commencement, get-go, offset, outset, showtime, starting time, beginning, start, kickoff, first - the time at which something is supposed to begin; "they got an early start"; "she knew from the
 and distribution center for the entire zone. Atlanta is the city that heads up the Southeast market; Seattle in the Northwest; Chicago in the Midwest; Los Angeles in the Southwest; Dallas, Houston and San Antonio San Antonio (săn ăntō`nēō, əntōn`), city (1990 pop. 935,933), seat of Bexar co., S central Tex., at the source of the San Antonio River; inc. 1837.  in the Central South; and on the East Coast, New York New York, state, United States
New York, Middle Atlantic state of the United States. It is bordered by Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and the Atlantic Ocean (E), New Jersey and Pennsylvania (S), Lakes Erie and Ontario and the Canadian province of
 is the reference point for the North and Miami for the South.

Understanding this socio-geographic breakdown is fundamental to establishing the best channels of distribution. "That's when the PYME should identify specialized distributors, who know the region and make the product arrive at precisely the chosen market," says Bello Roch. "Professionalization pro·fes·sion·al·ize  
tr.v. pro·fes·sion·al·ized, pro·fes·sion·al·iz·ing, pro·fes·sion·al·iz·es
To make professional.



pro·fes
 is key. It doesn't work to appeal to the cousin, the brother or the compadre com·pa·dre  
n. Chiefly Southwestern U.S.
A close friend or associate; a companion.



[Spanish, joint father, godfather, friend, from Medieval Latin compater,
 who lives in the U.S."

"Tell me where you were born and I'll tell you what to sell you." This is a central axiom that serves to refine a proposal for export to the U.S. "There is a Mexican market; another, more global Latino market; an Asian market and obviously an Anglo-Saxon market," says BANCOMEXT's Bello Roch.

Doubtless, the market most easily open to Mexican PYMEs is the Hispanic: Among 40 million individuals (70 percent Mexican and Mexican-American), the collective income totals US$631 billion. According to a The Conference Board report, Hispanics spend more money than other ethnicities on food, alcoholic beverages

Main article: Alcoholic beverage
Fermented beverages
  • Beer
  • Ale
  • Barleywine
  • Bitter ale
, clothes, footwear and personal hygiene personal hygiene person nKörperhygiene f  products.

"In particular, the so-called nostalgic market augments the chances of exporters of foods and gifts," says Bello Roch. According to statistics from the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce in Los Angeles, tlalpeno soup, pozoles, typical candies, guacamoles, boots, shawls, pestles, necklaces and general craftmanship have sales potential in the United States of at least US$300 billion. Such markets are ripe for exploitation by PYMEs.

The experiences of businesses Sagui International and Los Dieciocho show that history is headingthat way. The first sells 99 percent of its production of pinatas on the other side of the border, and the chain HEB HEB Hebrew
HEB Hurst-Euless-Bedford (Texas)
HEB Hot Electron Bolometer
HEB Hindu Endowments Board (Singapore)
HEB Here Everything's Better
HEB High-Energy Beam
HEB High Energy Biscuit
 is one of its principal distributors. The other business, dedicated to making apple liquor and regional sweets, is beginning the process of penetrating the San Antonio market.

Among the processed foods in high demand, according to BANCOMEXT, are salsas Salsas is a Portuguese parish in the district of Bragança. The population in 2001 is 424, its density is 16.5/km² and the area is 25.76 km². , sweets, snacks and organic foods. This particular segment has an enormous and diverse distribution scheme through supermarket chains, stores and restaurants, many of which are the property of Mexicans.

The Asian market, too, is beginning to establish an attractive demand for agriculture and livestock PYMEs. Currently, businesses producing exotic fruits and vegetables like lychee, pitahaya, rambutan and okra okra: see mallow.
okra

Herbaceous, hairy, annual plant (Hibiscus esculentus or Abelmoschus esculentus), of the mallow family, grown for its edible fruit. Okra leaves are deeply notched; flowers are yellow with a crimson centre.
 export 100 percent of such varieties to the United States because they are not generally consumed in Mexico.

Ethnicity aside, an important sector for medium-sized Mexican exporters is the production of rustic-style furniture, reproductions of antique furniture Antique furniture is the term for collectible interior furnishings of considerable age; often its age, rarity, condition, utility, or other unique features makes the furniture desirable.  and furniture-accessories. In 2004, the entire furniture industry exported US$5.2 billion in goods, according to the Secretary of Economy's figures, of which 96 percent went to the United States.

Similarly, there is opportunity for gifts, particularly pewter in modern styles, glass, ceramics, decorative candles, clay pots, tableware, fine table linens and silver jewelry jewelry, personal adornments worn for ornament or utility, to show rank or wealth, or to follow superstitious custom or fashion.

The most universal forms of jewelry are the necklace, bracelet, ring, pin, and earring.
. Each year US$65 million of such products are exported to the immediate markets of Texas and New Mexico New Mexico, state in the SW United States. At its northwestern corner are the so-called Four Corners, where Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah meet at right angles; New Mexico is also bordered by Oklahoma (NE), Texas (E, S), and Mexico (S).  alone.

Without a doubt, the road isn't easy. "It's not about getting rich with the first sale," affirms Bello Roch. "There should be conviction, a vocation to resolve problems and not create them; one must choose to be providers of some distribution chain before creating one's own distribution and hiring people who know the market." According to the BANCOMEXT specialist, "he who does things well, enters."

As for the Mexican government, important steps have been taken to support the sector. From 1999 to 2005, the budged aimed to support PYMEs increased 1,341 percent to reach US$163 million.

Nevertheless, there are pending issues. Garcia de Alba admits that it would be possible to reduce the export costs of PYMEs through better logistics (routes, transportation) up to 40 percent.

The private sector, too, should do its homework. Among Mexican PYMEs, the culture of company associations in clusters, which has had grand results in countries like Italy, doesn't exist. "Important economies of scale could be generated by making common purchases of supplies, marketing actions and distribution centers, even joint investments in technology and training," says Rangel, of PIAPYME. After all, in the middle of a ferociously competitive global economy, tactical alliances can make all the difference.

RELATED ARTICLE: 10 Steps to Begin the Adventure

A GUIDE FOR NOVICE EXPORTERS

1) Reasons to export. Before all else, ask yourself why you want to sell internationally. The reasons could be: A) because your internal market is saturated; B) because of accumulated inventory; C) because you have excess installed capacity; D) because you receive buying offers from outside the country; E) to conquer new markets; F) because you want to achieve a larger volume of sales; G) because you are looking for Looking for

In the context of general equities, this describing a buy interest in which a dealer is asked to offer stock, often involving a capital commitment. Antithesis of in touch with.
 better prices for your product. Objectives A through D are temporary situations, which means that you should be careful when you want to export with them as your basis. Oppositely, objectives E, F and G are clear goals that indicate stronger chances for success.

2) Product and business. You should then define whether your product is competitive. That is to say, if it has attributes in quality, price, design, uniqueness or exclusivity that will make it more attractive than those it competes with. At the same time, you should determine whether your company is competitive. That is, if it has the human and financial resources, and the technical and production capacity to be able to face the competition.

3) Exportable offer. The third step is analyzing the capacity and rhythm of production of the business, to know if it can complete the potential client's demanded volume without diminishing the quality of the product. If not, you will run the risk of not staying on the market and losing credibility internationally. Take note: It may be convenient to join with other businesses in the same market or with complementary products.

4) Personnel. Determine whether the export plan can unfold within the business or if you should contract out specific functions. The key areas are design and production, research and promotion in the sought-after market, search for markets and counterparts, negotiation, packaging and crating, shipping the goods, transport and customs services. Training is indispensable within the company and also to know how to demand good services related to exportation, and thus to avoid problems and unnecessary costs.

5) Financing resources. You should have sufficient resources to begin the process of exportation and to sustain it in the long term. If the process is not begun with funds behind it, you run the risk of beginning and being unable to carry out commitments. Keep in mind that in order to have access to a development bank's credit, it is necessary to present a viable export project and be subject to credit.

6) Definition of the market. First, get to know the country, state or city to which you will export. It is necessary to have information about the political, economic and social stability. In the second place, you should know the specific client (likes, preferences and purchasing power Purchasing Power

1. The value of a currency expressed in terms of the amount of goods or services that one unit of money can buy. Purchasing power is important because, all else being equal, inflation decreases the amount of goods or services you'd be able to purchase.

2.
). When entering the market for the first time--especially if you don't have an assured demand for your product--market research is fundamental.

7) Channels of trading and distribution. Occasionally, the strategy of introduction and consolidation in a new market for small and medium sized companies is indirect exportation through trading companies. Once the export business is understood, you can do it directly.

8) Publicity and promotion. For exportation to consolidate in the long term, you must investigate the most prudent forms of promotion: catalogues, pricing lists, sending samples, personal visits, participation in expositions and fairs, publicity through specialized magazines or the Internet. Publicity, promotion of sales and public relations public relations, activities and policies used to create public interest in a person, idea, product, institution, or business establishment. By its nature, public relations is devoted to serving particular interests by presenting them to the public in the most  are elements of the promotional mix There are four main aspects of the Promotional Mix. These consist of:

Advertising- Any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor.
 that complement one another.

9) Packaging and crating. It is necessary for packaging to protect the product during its transport. But it also must comply with the labeling and non-tariff regulations of the destination country, and should function as promotion and give information about the product.

10) Tariff classification and tariff preferences. Tariff classifications serve as the universal forms of identifying the product. They establish the tax that will be charged on an import when it arrives from abroad, as well as the non-tariff regulations that Mexico and the importing country impose on the product. To have access to tariff preferences or advantages. you must comply with the origin rules or regulations (content of region's supplies), agreed upon Adj. 1. agreed upon - constituted or contracted by stipulation or agreement; "stipulatory obligations"
stipulatory

noncontroversial, uncontroversial - not likely to arouse controversy
 in agreements and commercial treaties signed by the country.

Source: BANCOMEXT.</p> <pre> THE 10 MOST IMPORTANT HISPANIC MARKETS IN THE UNITED STATES LOS 10 MERCADOS HISPANOS MAS IMPORTANTES EN ESTADOS UNIDOS BY POPULATION / POR POR problem-oriented record.

POR
abbr.
problem-oriented record



POR

Problem-Oriented Record.
 POBLACION 1 LOS ANGELES, CA 6.9 2 NEW YORK, NY 3.8 3 MIAMI, FL 1.5 4 SAN FRANCISCO San Francisco (săn frănsĭs`kō), city (1990 pop. 723,959), coextensive with San Francisco co., W Calif., on the tip of a peninsula between the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay, which are connected by the strait known as the Golden , CA 1.4 5 CHICAGO, IL 1.4 6 HOUSTON, TX 1.3 7 SAN ANTONIO, TX 1.2 8 DALLAS, TX 0.9 9 MCALLEN, TX

0.9 10 SAN DIEGO San Diego (săn dēā`gō), city (1990 pop. 1,110,549), seat of San Diego co., S Calif., on San Diego Bay; inc. 1850. San Diego includes the unincorporated communities of La Jolla and Spring Valley. Coronado is across the bay. , CA 0.8 in millions of people / en millones de personas </pre> <p>Fueron zapateros de oficio durante dos generaciones en Leon, Guanajuato. Hoy Hoy, island, 13 mi (21 km) long and 6 mi (9.7 km) wide, off N Scotland, second largest of the Orkney Islands. It is located at the southwestern side of the Scapa Flow anchorage.  la familia This article is about the Polish political party. For other uses, see Familia (disambiguation).
Familia ("The Family," from the Romain familia
 Vera, con Jose Luis a la cabeza como director general, es propietaria de Botas Pistolero, una pequena y mediana empresa (PYME) que factura US$5 millones al ano. Lejos de enfocarse al mercado For the hispanic surname "Mercado", please see de Mercado.

Mercado first originated in Spain. In English it means 'market'.

Is the last name of the 'Great' Fifa Soccer player Eswold.
 interno, los Vera se atrevieron a mirar mas alla, y hoy pueden decir que lo lograron. Un 94% de sus ventas las realizan en Estados Unidos, mercado que conquistaron en apenas ocho anos. "Las PYMEs mexicanas tienen enormes posibilidades", asegura el empresario. "Eso si: hay que encarar el desafio conociendo las reglas del juego".

Botas Pistolero se conformo como una empresa de estructura administrativa flexible y muy reducida. Ahi esta una de las claves Claves(pronounces Clar-vays) is a percussion instrument (idiophone), consisting of a pair of short (about 20-30 cm), thick dowels. Traditionally they were made of wood, but nowadays they are also made of fibreglass or plastics due to the longer durability of these materials.  de su exito. Ademas, la casi totalidad de sus 90 empleados son expertos zapateros que dan valor valor

a rodenticide no longer marketed because of toxicity in horses causing dehydration, abdominal pain, hindlimb weakness, inappetence, fishy smell in urine. Called also N-3-pyridyl methyl N1-p-nitrophenyl urea.
 artesanal a sus botas de cueros exoticos. Fabrican 1,500 pares PARES. A man's equals; his peers. (q.v.) 3 Bl. Com. 349.  por semana. Gracias a que el 100% de sus ingresos esta dolarizado, enfrentan sin apuros los costos de importacion de sus materias primas: cueros de avestruz, mantarrayas, caimanes y vibora piton pi·ton  
n.
A metal spike fitted at one end with an eye for securing a rope and driven into rock or ice as a support in mountain climbing.



[French, from Old French, nail.
 que compran en Tailandia, Corea y Sudafrica.

"Aprendimos que para vender en Estados Unidos hay que entregar calidad, innovacion permanente, precio competitivo, respetar las cotizaciones y no pretender hacer el gran negocio en la primera vez", afirma Vera.

Aquello de que las PYMEs son las victimas rezagadas del comercio exterior parece estar cambiando. De hecho, el de Botas Pistolero no es un caso aislado. De ello pueden dar cuenta la firma tamaulipeca Aloe Jaumave, que exporta hojas de sabila y derivados; Ernesto Ibarra y Compania, que vende salsa de chile de arbol, chimichurri y salsa habanera Habanera

Carmen’s “love is a wild bird” provokes hearers. [Fr. Opera: Bizet, Carmen, Westerman, 189–190]

See : Flirtatiousness
, entre otros alimentos procesados; Colonial Mexicano, que fabrica muebles estilo colonial o hacienda hacienda
 also called estancia (Argentina and Uruguay) or fazenda (Brazil)

In Latin America, a large landed estate. The hacienda originated in the colonial period and survived into the 20th century.
; y hasta los ejidatarios del municipio de Mexquitic, en San Luis Potosi, que planean crear micro industrias para exportar a Estados Unidos mole y enchiladas, asi como cinturones y botas vaqueras.

En Mexico hay mas de 35,000 PYMEs en el camino de la exportacion. Es cierto que representan solo el 2% del total de empresas del sector, y el valor de sus ventas promedio apenas supera los US$200,000. Sin embargo, bien vale apuntar a la parte del vaso medio lleno. Desde la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio de America del Norte Del Norte can refer to multiple things:
  • Del Norte County, California
  • Del Norte, Colorado
 (TLCAN TLCAN Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (North American Free Trade Agreement) ) en 1993, el numero de PYMEs que exporta a la region aumento un 50.3%. Las que exportan menos de un millon de dolares aumentaron un 44% y las de mas de un millon crecieron un 105.3% en el mismo periodo.

"Nos falta mucho", reconoce Jose Luis Rangel, director nacional del Programa Integral de Apoyo a Pequenas y Medianas Empresas (PIAPYME). Sin embargo, el funcionario destaca un punto critico: "Enfrentar la internacionalizacion es un reto que las PYMEs ya no podran evitar. Si no se preparan para competir afuera, la competencia externa tarde o temprano les llega al pais".

Cuando Jose Luis Vera se propuso vender sus botas en Estados Unidos, la primera puerta que golpeo fue la de BANCOMEXT (Banco Nacional Banco Nacional was a bank from Brazil. It was taken over by Unibanco in 1995.

The Nacional brand is better known as main sponsor of Ayrton Senna during most of his racing career in Formula 1 (1985-1994).
 de Comercio Exterior de Mexico). Con solo US$400 en el bolsillo y el apoyo de la institucion, asistio a su primera feria fe·ri·a  
n. pl. fe·ri·as or fe·ri·ae
A weekday on a church calendar on which no feast is observed.



[Medieval Latin f
 internacional en Las Vegas. Desde entonces, no dejo de vender.

Luego, el banco El Banco (literally meaning River bank in Spanish) is a Colombian Municipality and town located in the southern most part of the Department of Magdalena by the Magdalena River. References
 lo auxilio con un credito revolvente de 500,000 dolares. Esta asistencia oficial le permitio estudiar el mercado que pretendia abordar, generar y luego ampliar su cartera de clientes, financiar materia prima y hasta a sus clientes norteamericanos.

"Lo primero es pri·me·ro  
n.
A gambling card game, popular in Elizabethan England.



[Alteration of Spanish primera, feminine of primero, first, from Latin
 definir un nicho de mercado De Mercado is a Spanish surname. Although its exact moment of appearance is not known, it is believed to have first appeared around the Spanish provinces of Segovia and Valladolid. Its roots are most likely in Old Castile or Andalusia.  y conocer exactamente como responder a esa demanda", sugiere Vera. "Luego, a traves de la Secretaria de Economia y BANCOMEXT, se van encontrando los caminos".

Segun el secretario de Economia, Sergio Garcia de Alba, "el desconocimiento de los apoyos por parte del gobierno federal" es una de las razones por la cual las PYMEs no tienen una mayor cultura exportadora. El mercado esta servido. El punto es construir las estrategias necesarias para salir al ruedo y conquistar al toro Toro may refer to:
  • Denominación de Origen Toro, the Spanish wine region
  • Toró, the nickname of Rafael Ferreira Francisco, Brazilian football (soccer) player
.

Pero exportar no es solo un tema de voluntad. Basicamente, demanda un planteo inteligente. "Se trata de que el empresario PYME tenga un ajustado control de su producto", afirma Carlos Bello Roch, miembro de la Unidad de Inversion Extranjera de BANCOMEXT y con amplia experiencia como consejero en Atlanta y en Dallas.

Segun Bello Roch, para lograr ese control hay que poner atencion en dos planos diferentes de la estrategia exportadora: el de los procedimientos y reglamentaciones (Ver "10 pasos para iniciar la aventura", en pags. 22 y 23) y el de las caracteristicas intrinsecas del mercado al que se quiere llegar, es decir, aquellas que permiten conocer sus perfiles geografico, sectorial y etnico. De la precision con que se cuente al respecto dependera que se pueda alinear el producto exactamente a la demanda.

"Cuando nosotros decidimos entrar a Estados Unidos, definimos tres puertas de entrada", cuenta Vera. "Chicago, para el mercado del medio oeste; Los Angeles, para el del suroeste; y Dallas, para el centro El Centro (ĕl sĕn`trō), city (1990 pop. 31,384), seat of Imperial co., SE Calif., near the Mexican border; inc. 1908. It is a processing and shipping center for a heavily irrigated agricultural region (vegetables, grain, cotton,  sur". Pero no fue todo.

Por otro lado, la empresa de Leon identifico claramente como se comporta el mercado anglosajon y el hispano que demanda su producto. "Aunque estan en el mismo pais, no compran igual, ni siquiera en las mismas epocas del ano", detalla el director general de Botas Pistolero. Asimismo, la compania sigue el paso El Paso (ĕl pă`sō), city (1990 pop. 515,342), seat of El Paso co., extreme W Tex., on the Rio Grande opposite Juárez, Mex.; inc. 1873.  de la moda y las tendencias de su sector participando en ferias de todo el mundo El Mundo can refer to:
  • El Mundo (Spain), Spanish newspaper
  • El Mundo (Colombia), Colombian newspaper based in Cartagena
  • El Mundo (Venezuela), Venezuelan newspaper
  • El Mundo (Puerto Rico), Puerto Rican newspaper
  • El Mundo (Argentina), Argentine newspaper
. Con ello llego a la conclusion de que debia abrirse al mercado femenino, y hoy el 25% de su produccion es para damas.

VENDIENDO POR REGIONES

Segun un estudio de BANCOMEXT, para entrar al mercado estadounidense hay que tener en cuenta que el pais esta dividido en seis areas geograficas de negocios y en cada una existe una o mas ciudades que sirven de punto de entrada y centro de distribucion hacia toda su zona de influencia. Atlanta es la que introduce al mercado del sureste; Seattle, al noroeste; Chicago, al medio oeste; Los Angeles, al suroeste; Dallas, Houston y San Antonio, al centro sur; y en el este, Nueva York es York, former name of Toronto, Canada
York, Ont.: see Toronto, Ont., Canada.
York, city, England
York, city (1991 pop. 123,126) and district, North Yorkshire, N England, at the confluence of the Ouse and Foss rivers.
 la referencia en la porcion norte y Miami en el sur El Sur is a Chilean newspaper published in Concepción and it circulates in almost all the Bío Bío Region. '' El Sur is owned by El Sur S.A., which possesses a network of 2 dailies in Concepción: El Sur and Crónica. .

Comprender esta radiografia es fundamental para luego establecer los mejores canales de distribucion. "Es cuando el empresario PYME debe identificar a distribuidores especializados y hagan llegar su producto precisamente al mercado elegido", dice Bello Roch. "La profesionalizacion es clave--acota--. No sirve eso de apelar al primo Albert T. (Al) Primo (b. 1938-) is a television news executive who was credited with creating the Eyewitness News format.

He began in the business in 1953 as a copy boy at WDTV in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, moving up the ranks over 12 years as the station switched
, al hermano o compadre que ya viven en Estados Unidos".

"Dime donde naciste y re dire que venderte". Esta es otra de las coordenadas que sirven para afinar la propuesta exportadora hacia EE.UU. "Hay un mercado mexicano, uno latino mas global, uno asiatico y, obviamente, el anglosajon", dice Bello Roch, de BANCOMEXT.

Sin duda, el mercado que se abre como la gran oportunidad para las PYMEs mexicanas es el hispano. Son 40 millones de individuos (70% mexicanos y mexico-estadounidenses), con ingresos por US$631,000 millones. De acuerdo a The Conference Board, los hispanos gastan mas que otros grupos etnicos en comida, bebidas alcoholicas, ropa, calzado y productos de higiene personal.

"En particular, el llamado mercado de la nostalgia es el que alimenta las chances de los exportadores de alimentos y regaleria", senala Bello. Segun datos de la Camara de Comercio Hispana en Los Angeles, caldos tlalpenos, pozoles, dulces tipicos, guacamoles, botas, sarapes, molcajetes, collares y artesanias en general tienen un potencial de venta en Estados Unidos de por lo menos US$300,000 millones. que podria ser explotado por las PYMEs.

La experiencia de Sagui Internacional y Los Dieciocho muestra que por alli va la historia. La primera vende el 99% de su produccion de pinatas del otro lado de la frontera. y la cadena HEB es una de sus principales distribuidoras. En tanto Tanto may refer to several things. Please see:
  • Tantō - A Japanese weapon
  • Tanto, Stockholm - A district of Stockholm, Sweden.
See also: Tonto.
, la otra La Otra (English: "The Other [Woman]") is a Televisa telenovela that aired in the summer of 2002 on the Canal de las Estrellas or XEW channel in Mexico and in the fall of 2002-winter of 2003 on Univision in the United States.  empresa, fabricante de licor de manzana y dulces regionales, esta iniciando un proceso de penetracion en el mercado de San Antonio. Texas.

Entre los alimentos procesados mas demandados, segun BANCOMEXT, figuran salsas, dulces, productos deshidratados, chiles Chiles is a surname, and may refer to:
  • Adrian Chiles, British TV and radio presenter
  • Eddie Chiles, American businessman
  • Jackie Chiles, fictional attorney in Seinfeld
  • Lawton Chiles, American politician
  • Lois Chiles, American actress and model
 jalapenos, sopas, especias y condimentos, y todo tipo de producto etiquetado como "organico" o "naturista". Este segmento en particular tiene un enorme y muy diversificado esquema de distribucion a traves de cadenas de supermercados, tiendas y restaurantes, muchos de los cuales son propiedad de mexicanos.

El mercado asiatico tambien esta comenzando a plantear una demanda atractiva para PYMEs del sector agropecuario. Puntualmente, para las que se dedican a la produccion de frutas y vegetales exoticos que son la base de la alimentacion de esa etnia, como el litchi litchi (lē`chē), Chinese tree (Litchi chinensis) of the family Sapindaceae (soapberry family), having a small, aromatic, pulpy fruit in a thin, rough shell. , la pitahaya, el rambutan y la okra, variedades que se exportan en un 100% a EE.UU. porque no se consumen en Mexico.

Al margen de las etnias, un sector importante para los medianos exportadores mexicanos es el de los muebles de estilo rustico, reproducciones de muebles antiguos y muebles-accesorio. En 2004, en este rubro se exportaron US$5,200 millones, de los cuales el 96% se fue a EE.UU. De igual modo, hay oportunidad para los articulos de regalo, en particular los de pewter, vidrio, ceramica, velas Velas (pron. IPA: ['vɛlɐʃ]) is a municipality in the São Jorge Island, in the Portuguese autonomous region of Azores.  decorativas, macetas de barro, vajillas, manteleria fina y joyeria de plata. Solo a los mercados inmediatos de Texas y Nuevo Mexico, cada ano se exportan productos de este tipo por valor de US$65 millones aproximadamente.

Sin duda, el camino no es facil. "No se trata de hacerse rico con la primera venta", afirma Bello Roch. "Debe haber conviccion, vocacion para resolver problemas y no crearlos; hay que elegir ser proveedores de alguna cadena de distribucion antes de crear la distribucion propia y contratar a gente que conozca el mercado". Segun el especialista de BANCOMEXT, "el que hace las cosas bien, entra".

Desde el Gohierno Federal, se han dado pasos importantes para apoyar al sector. De 1999 a 2005, el presupuesto destinado al apoyo de PYMEs se incremento en un 1,341%, hasta llegar a US$163 millones.

Sin embargo, quedan materias pendientes. Garcia de Alba admite que aun es posible reducir los costos de exportacion de las PYMEs hasta en un 40% mejorando la logistica (ruta, transportistas, etc.)

Tambien el sector privado debe hacer su tarea. Entre las PYMEs mexicanas no existe la cultura de la asociacion en clusters, que en paises como Italia ha dado grandes resultados. "Se podrian generar importantes economias de escala haciendo compras comunes de insumos, acciones de mercadeo y centros de distribucion, hasta inversiones comunes en tecnologia y capacitacion", senala Rangel, de PIAPYME. Despues de todo, en medio de una economia global ferozmente competitiva, las alianzas lacticas pueden hacer toda la diferencia.

RELATED ARTICLE: 10 pasos para iniciar la aventura

UNA GUIA PARA EXPORTADORES NOVATOS

1) Razones para exportar. Ante todo, preguntese por que quiere vender al exterior. Las razones pueden ser: A) porque su mercado interno esta saturado; B) por acumulacion de inventarios; C) por tener capacidad instalada ociosa; D) por recibir ofertas de compra del exterior; E) por querer conquistar nuevos mercados; F) por querer alcanzar un mayor volumen de ventas; G) por buscar una mejor cotizacion de su producto. Los objectivos A al D obedecen a situaciones eventuales, por lo que se debe tener cuidado de querer exportar en base a ellos. En cambio, los objetivos E, F y G significan metas claras que aseguran el exito en mayor medida.

2) Producto y empresa. Luego debe definir si su producto es competitivo. Es decir, si goza de atributos en calidad, precio, diseno, unicidad o exclusividad que lo hagan mas atractivo que los de la competencia. A su vez, debe determinar si su empresa es competitiva. Esto es, si cuenta con los recursos humanos, financieros y con la capacidad tecnica y productiva para poder hacer frente a los competidores.

3) Oferta exportable. El tercer paso es analizar la capacidad y ritmo de produccion de la empresa, para saber si puede cumplir con los volumenes solicitados por el cliente potencial sin disminuir la calidad de su producto. De lo contrario, se corre el riesgo de no permanecer en el mercado y perder credibilidad en el exterior. Tome nota no·ta  
n.
Plural of notum.
: es conveniente analizar la posibilidad de integracion con empresas del mismo ramo o de productos complementarios.

4) Personal. Es preciso diagnosticar si el plan de exportacion se puede desarrollar dentro de la empresa o se deben subcontratar funciones. Las areas clave clave 1  
v. Archaic
A past tense of cleave1.



clave 2  
v. Archaic
A past tense of cleave2.
 son diseno y produccion, investigacion y promocion en el mercado meta, busqueda de mercados y contrapartes, negociacion, envase y embalaje, envio de la mercancia, transporte y servicios aduanales. La capacitacion es imprescindible hacia adentro de la empresa y tambien para saber exigir un buen servicio relacionado con la exportacion, y asi evitar problemas o gastos innecesarios.

5) Recursos financieros. Se debe disponer de recursos suficientes para iniciar el proceso de exportacion y sostenerlo a largo Largo, town (1990 pop. 65,674), Pinellas co., W Fla., on the Pinellas peninsula and the Gulf Coast, across the bay from Tampa; settled 1853, inc. 1905. It is a packing, canning, and shipping center in a citrus fruit and fishing area.  plazo. De no ser asi, se corre el riesgo de comenzar y no poder cumplir con los compromisos asumidos. Tenga en cuenta que para tener acceso a los creditos de la banca de fomento, es necesario presentar un proyecto de exportacion viable y ser sujeto de credito.

6) Definicion de mercado. Lo primero es conocer el pais, estado o ciudad al que se va a exportar. Es preciso tener informacionacerca de su estabilidad economica, politica Politica is the undergraduate journal of the Department of Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Politica solicits original student essays on topics broadly political.  y social. En segundo lugar se debe conocer al cliente en particular (sus gustos, preferencias y poder adquisitivo). En caso de incursionar por primera vez, y mas aun si no se cuenta con una demanda asegurada para su producto, es fundamental llevar a cabo una investigacion de mercado.

7) Canales de comercializacion y distribucion. En ocasiones, la estrategia de introduccion y consolidacion en un nuevo mercado para las PYMEs es la exportacion indirecta a traves de comercializadoras. Una vez aprendido todo lo referente a exportaciones, puede hacerlo de manera directa.

8) Publicidad y promocion. Para que la exportacion se consolide a largo plazo, se requiere investigar sobre las formas de promocion mas adecuadas: catalogos, listas de precios, envio de muestras, visitas personales, participacion en ferias y exposiciones, publicidad a traves de revistas especializadas o Internet. La publicidad, la promocion de ventas y las relaciones publicas son elementos de la mezcla promocional que se complementan entre si.

9) Envase y embalaje. Es preciso que el packaging proteja al producto durante el transporte. Pero que tambien cumpla con las reglas de etiquetado y regulaciones no arancelarias del pais de destino, y con las funciones de promocion e informacion sobre el producto.

10) Fraccion arancelaria y preferencias arancelarias. La fraccion arancelaria es la forma universal de identificar el producto. Con ella se establece el impuesto que debe pagar su producto al ingresar al extranjero, asi como las regulaciones no arancelarias que impone Mexico y el pais importador al producto. Para tener acceso a las preferencias o ventajas arancelarias, se requiere cumplir con los requisitos o reglas de origen (contenido de insumos de la region), pactados en los acuerdos y tratados comerciales firmados por el pais.

Fuente: BANCOMEXT.</p> <pre> BY PURCHASING POWER / POR PODER ADQUISITIVO 1 LOS ANGELES, CA 66.8 2 NEW YORK, NY 39.1 3 MIAMI, FLORIDA “Miami” redirects here. For the Native American tribe, see Miami tribe.

Miami is a major city in southeastern Florida, in the United States. It is the county seat of Miami-Dade County. Miami is a gamma world city with an estimated population of 404,048.
  17.6 4 SAN FRANCISCO, CA 14.8 5 CHICAGO, IL 12.7 6 HOUSTON, TX 12.2 7 SAN ANTONIO, TX 11.2 8 DALLAS, TX 8.7 9 MCALLEN, TX 7.9 10 SAN DIEGO, CA 7.7 in US$ billions / en miles de miliones de US$ </pre> <p>RELATED ARTICLE: THE PYME UNIVERSE / UNIVERSO PYME

* In Mexico, small- to medium-sized companies (known as PYMEs in Spanish) contribute more than 40 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP GDP (guanosine diphosphate): see guanine. ) and generate 6 of every 10 jobs. / En Mexico, las PYMEs contribuyen con mas del 40% del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB See NIST binary. ) y generan 6 de cada 10 empleos.

* In 2004, Mexican PYMEs exported a total of US$11.3 billion. / En 2004, las PYMEs mexicanas exportaron por un total de US$11,300 millones.

* This volume composes only 6 percent of total exports in the country. In the United States, in contrast, PYMEs compose 83 percent of international sales, and in Spain it is 40 percent. / Ese volumen significa apenas el 6% de las exportaciones totales del pais. En Estados Unidos, en cambio, las PYMEs aportan el 83% de las ventas Las Ventas is a famous bullring in Madrid.

Situated in the barrio of Guindalera in the district of Salamanca, it was inaugurated on June 17, 1931. It has a seating capacity of 25,000 and is regarded as the home of bullfighting in Spain and arguably in the world.
 al exterior, y en Espana, el 40 por ciento.

* Of the total exports driven by PYMEs, 80 percent (US$9.1 billion) were headed towards the U.S. / Del total exportado por las PYMEs el ultimo ul·ti·mo  
adv. Abbr. ult.
In or of the month before the present one.



[Latin ultim (m
 ano, el 80% (US$9,100 millones) tuvo como destino los Estados Unidos.

Source / Fuente: BANCOMEXT.

RELATED ARTICLE

Northwest / Noroeste

* Port of entry: Seattle. / Puerto de entrada: Seattle.

* This city is home to the central offices of Nordstroms, Eddie Bauer Eddie Bauer (NASDAQ: EBHI) is a clothing store chain. Headquartered in Bellevue, Washington, and a subsidiary of Eddie Bauer Holdings (formerly Spiegel, Inc.), the company was founded in Seattle in 1920 as "Eddie Bauer's Sport Shop" by its namesake, Eddie Bauer (1899 – , REI, Costco and Starbucks, excellent niche markets A niche market also known as a target market is a focused, targetable portion (subset) of a market sector.

By definition, then, a business that focuses on a niche market is addressing a need for a product or service that is not being addressed by mainstream providers.
 for Mexican businesses looking to participate in their provider programs. / En esta ciudad se encuentran las oficinas centrales de Nordstroms, Eddie Bauer, REI, Costco y Starbucks, excelentes nichos para empresas mexicanas que buscan participar en sus programas de proveedores.

* Communication in English is important to negotiation in this area. / Para negociar en esta zona es importante poder comunicarse en ingles This article is about an American supermarket chain. For a town in Gran Canaria, see Playa del Inglés.

Ingles (NYSE: IMKTA) is a regional supermarket chain based in Asheville, North Carolina, where Robert "Bob" Ingle opened the first store in Asheville, NC in
.

* Products with potential: specialized footwear (especially for soccer), electric-electronic materials, fresh foods (mango mango (măng`gō), evergreen tree of the Anacardiaceae (sumac family), native to tropical E Asia and now grown in both hemispheres. The chief species, Mangifera indica, is believed to have been cultivated for about 6,000 years. , avocado avocado (ä`vəkä`do, ăv`–), tropical American broad-leaved evergreen tree of the genus Persea of the family Lauraceae (laurel family). , grapefruit grapefruit, pomelo (pŏm`əlō), or pummelo (pum`məlō), citrus fruit (Citrus paradisi) of the family Rutaceae (orange family).  and banana), typical Mexican processed foods, confections and fishing products. / Productos con oportunidades: calzado especializado (principalmente para futbol), materiales electrico-electronicos, alimentos frescos (mango, aguacate, toronja y platano), alimentos procesados tipicos mexicanos, confeccion y productos pesqueros.

[GRAPHIC OMITTED]

Southwest / Suroeste

* Port of entry: Los Angeles. / Puerto de entrada: Los Angeles.

* One third of the U.S. Hispanic population lives in L.A. / Alli reside un tercio de la comunidad hispana del pais.

* There is large competition from Asia; therefore, opportunities are in products with high design content and aggregate value. / Hay una gran competencia asiatica; por ello, las oportunidades estan en productos con aito contenido de diseno y valor agregado.

* Products with potential: shirts, televisions, computers, radio-satellite transmission products, electric transformers, electric devices for the protection and connection of electric circuits, auto parts Auto parts are components of automobiles. They mainly are, in alphabetic order (only car specific articles or articles with car section):
  • Air filter
  • Automobile self starter
  • Bell housing
  • Brakes
  • Bucket seat
  • Bumper
  • Buzzer
  • Battery
 and auto accessories. / Productos con oportunidades: playeras, televisores, computadoras, aparatos de transmision radio-satelital, transformadores electricos, dispositivos electricos para proteccion y conexion de circuitos electricos, autopartes y accesorios automotrices.

Midwest / Medio Oeste

* Port of entry: Chicago. / Puerto de entrada: Chicago.

* More than 75 percent of Latinos living in Chicago are of Mexican origin. / Mas del 75% de los latinos que vive en esa ciudad es de origen mexicano.

* Work lunches are quick and concise. Businessmen of the region are morning people and less formal than Mexicans. / Los almuerzos de trabajo son rapidos y concisos. Los hombres de negocios de la region son madrugadores y menos formales que los mexicanos.

* Products with potential: fresh and processed foods, drinks, musical recordings, machinery, construction materials, metalworks, furniture, plastics, gifts and footwear. / Productos con oportunidades: alimentos frescos y procesados, bebidas, grabaciones musicales, maquinaria, materiales para construccion, piezas metalmecanicas, muebles, plasticos, regalos y calzado.

Central South / Centro Sur

* Ports of entry: Dallas, Houston and San Antonio. / Puertos de entrada: Dallas, Houston y San Antonio.

* In Texas, Hispanics compose 32 percent of the population, and in New Mexico 42 percent. / En Texas los hispanos son el 32% de la poblacion. y en Nuevo Mexico, el 42 por ciento.

* "Time is money" is the main motto of businesspeople in the area. To negotiate successfully with them, evade haggling over prices. / "Time is Money" es el principal lema del empresario de la zona. Para negociar con exito con ellos, hay que evitar el regateo de precios.

* Opportune op·por·tune  
adj.
1. Suited or right for a particular purpose: an opportune place to make camp.

2. Occurring at a fitting or advantageous time: an opportune arrival.
 products: fruits and vegetables, foods and drinks (Mexican sauces, frozen Mexican foods, natural fruit juices, sweets, spices and condiments), construction materials and auto parts. / Productos con potencial: frutas y verduras, alimentos y bebidas (salsas mexicanas, comidas congeladas tipo mexicano jugos de frutas naturales, dulces, especias y condimentos), materiales de construccion y autopartes.

East / Este

* Ports of entry: New York in the north and Miami in the south. / Puertos de entrada: Nueva York al norte y Miami al sur.

* In Miami, the business environment is eminently Latin, so it is more appropriate to negotiate in Spanish. / En Miami, el ambiente de negocios es eminentemente latino; por ello es mas adecuado realizar las negociaciones en espanol.

* In New York, English is imposed, as are competitive prices, punctuality Punctuality
Fogg, Phileas

completes world circuit at exact minute he wagered he would. [Fr. Lit.: Around the World in Eighty Days]

Gilbreths

disciplined family brought up to abide by strict, punctual standards. [Am. Lit.
, good service and earnestness in the completion of treaties. / En Nueva York se imponen el ingles, los precios competitivos, la puntualidad, el buen servicio y la seriedad en el cumplimiento de los tratos.

* Products with potential: in New York, textiles, confections and typical Mexican foods. In Miami, casual clothing, construction materials, flowers, furniture, gifts, food and drinks. / Productos con oportunidades: en Nueva York, los productos textiles y de confeccion, y alimentos elaborados tipicos mexicanos. En Miami, las prendas casuales, materiales para construccion, flores Flores, town, Guatemala
Flores (flōrəs), town (1990 est. pop. 2,200), capital of Petén department, N Guatemala. Flores was built on an island in the southern part of Lake Petén Itzá and on the site of the
, muebles, regalos, alimentos y bebidas.

Southeast / Sureste

* Port of entry: Atlanta. / Puerto de entrada: Atlanta.

* The consumer from the southeastern United States is extremely traditional. He/she likes to do long-term deals. His/her idiosyncrasy idiosyncrasy /id·io·syn·cra·sy/ (-sing´krah-se)
1. a habit peculiar to an individual.

2. an abnormal susceptibility to an agent (e.g., a drug) peculiar to an individual.
 does not allow the mixing of friendship or personal matters with business. / El comprador com·pra·dor also com·pra·dore  
n.
1. An intermediary; a go-between.

2. A native-born agent in China and certain other Asian countries formerly employed by a foreign business to serve as a collaborator or intermediary in
 del sureste norteamericano es sumamente tradicionalista. Le gusta realizar negocios a largo plazo. Su idiosincrasia no le permite mezclar la amistad This article is about the ship. For other meanings, see Amistad.
La Amistad (Spanish: "Friendship") was a 19th-century two-masted schooner of about 120 tons displacement.
 o cuestiones personales con los negocios.

* Products with potential: food and drinks, furniture and accessories, gift and decorative items, products oriented towards the Hispanic market, construction materials, metalworks, textiles and confections. / Productos con oportunidades: alimentos y bebidas, muebles y accesorios, articulos de regalo y decoracion, productos orientados al mercado hispano, materiales para construccion, metalmecanica, textil y confeccion.

RELATED ARTICLE: The Backbone of the U.S. Economy

La columna vertebral ver·te·bral
adj.
1. Of, relating to, or of the nature of a vertebra.

2. Having or consisting of vertebrae.

3. Having a spinal column.
 de la economia de Estados Unidos

The success of American small businesses stems from an infrastructure that supports entrepreneurs

To speak of the United States as a great power implies a certain degree of strength in the global economy. U.S. companies continue to make inroads inroads
Noun, pl

make inroads into to start affecting or reducing: my gambling has made great inroads into my savings

inroads npl to make inroads into [+
 into every open market in the world and thrive based on dynamic strategies and innovative technologies. The building blocks for a strong economy, however, start with ordinary citizens who have entrepreneurial vision and the courage to put their ideas into practice. Small businesses, defined as any business with less than 500 employees, generate over 75 percent of all new net jobs in the U.S. and account for over 50 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), according to the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA SBA
abbr.
Small Business Administration

Noun 1. SBA - an independent agency of the United States government that protects the interests of small businesses and ensures that they receive a fair share of government
). As stated by SBA Administrator Hector Barreto Hector V. Barreto was the 21st Administrator of the U.S. Small Business Administration, confirmed on July 25, 2001. George W. Bush nominated him to the post. He resigned on April 25, 2006 following a controversial tenure as SBA chief. , "There is nothing small about small businesses" (See interview on pages 26 to 29).

A large part of the success of small businesses in the U.S. stems from an infrastructure that supports entrepreneurs. From the public sector, to NGOs, to financial institutions, Americans with the dream of owning their business have resources and advocates to help them navigate the private sector.

Giovanni Coratolo, director of Small Business Policy at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the world's largest not-for-profit federation of businesses, representing more than 3 million businesses and organizations in the United States. As of 2003, the chamber was comprised of 3000 state and local chambers and 830 business associations.  in Washington, D.C., attested at·test  
v. at·test·ed, at·test·ing, at·tests

v.tr.
1. To affirm to be correct, true, or genuine: The date of the painting was attested by the appraiser.

2.
 that one of the key obstacles facing small businesses is government regulation. Coratolo stated that although chambers of commerce can challenge regulations one at a time, the government ultimately issues far more regulations than laws, which can hurt small business development. Therefore, it is critical that regulatory agencies regulatory agency

Independent government commission charged by the legislature with setting and enforcing standards for specific industries in the private sector. The concept was invented by the U.S.
 understand the obstacles that small businesses face.

THE VOICE OF SMALL BUSINESS

In the United States, the SBA serves as the voice of small business within the government. As Coratolo said, the SBA is "our fox in the hen-house." By possessing a federal agency that directly reports to the President, small businesses gain an advocate within the government that can speak on their behalf.

Additionally, the SBA provides financial assistance and advice to potential small business owners. "The SBA created the venture capital market," said Administrator Barreto, by underwriting loans for small businesses.

Barreto told BUSINESS MEXICO that the SBA works with over 6,000 banks nationwide to guarantee a large percentage of small business loans, accounting for US$40 to 50 billion per year in venture capital. Therefore, the loan risk is shared between the bank and the U.S. government, allowing banks to feel more comfortable in providing funds to small businesses. Although many of these banks provide venture capital independent of the SBA, the government agency is the "largest underwriter of small business loans," according to Barreto.

Coratolo concurred, stressing the importance of small businesses and SBA assistance in expanding the high tech sector. "If you consider everything that was invented in the last 100 years, there will be even more in the next 25 years," he said, because of the rapid growth rate of technology and the willingness of entrepreneurs to invest in technological development. Among the many examples of companies that began with an idea and an SBA-backed loan are Intel, Hewlett Packard and Apple Computers.

The U.S. model--particularly after the passage of NAFTA and the bilateral Partnership-4-Prosperity (P-4-P) between U.S. President George W. Bush and Mexican President Vicente Fox--is increasingly seen as a viable example for Mexico in spurring small business development.

Since the inception of the P-4-P in 2000, there are now 42 small business development centers in Mexico including a new high tech center in Jalisco. With resources and advocacy at their disposal, Mexican small businesses can possess the tools to become the foundation of a more competitive economy.

[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED]

El exito de las pequenas empresas estadounidenses radica en una infraestructura de apoyo al emprendedor

Hablar de Estados Unidos como una gran potencia implica cierto grado de fortaleza en la economia global. Las companias estadounidenses continuan incursionando en cada mercado abierto en el mundo y prosperando en base a estrategias dinamicas y tecnologias innovadoras.

Sin embargo, los cimientos de una economia fuerte empiezan con ciudadanos comunes con vision emprendedora y coraje para poner sus ideas en practica. Las pequenas empresas, definidas como cualquier negocio con menos de 500 empleaclos, generan mas del 75% de los nuevos empleos netos en EE.UU. y aportan mas del 50% del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), segun la Administracion de la Pequena Empresa de Estados Unidos (SBA, por sus siglas en ingles). Como senala Hector Barreto, administrador del organismo, "No hay nada pequeno acerca de la pequena empresa" (Ver entrevista en paginas 26 a 29).

Gran parte del exito de la pequena empresa en EE.UU. radica en una infraestructura de apoyo al emprendedor. Desde el sector publico a las ONGs y las instituciones financieras, los estadounidenses que suenan con tener su propio negocio cuentan con recursos y aliados para ayudarlos a navegar en el sector privado.

Giovanni Coratolo, director de Politica de la Pequena Empresa en la Camara de Comercio Americana en Washington, aseguro que uno de los obstaculos clave que enfrenta la pequena empresa es la regulacion gubernamental. Coratolo dijo que a pesar de que las camaras de comercio pueden desafiar las regulaciones una a una, finalmente el gobierno emite muchas mas regulaciones que leyes, que pueden perjudicar a la pequena empresa. Por eso, es critico que las agencias regulacloras entiendan los obstaculos que enfrenta el sector.

LA VOZ Many media outlets use the name La Voz (Spanish: "The Voice"), including:

;Argentina
*La Voz del Interior (newspaper, Córdoba)


;Dominican Republic
*La Voz Dominicana (radio station)
 DE LAS PYMES

En EE.UU., la SBA es la voz de la pequena empresa dentro del gobierno. Como dijo Coratolo, la SBA es "nuestro zorro zorro: see fox.

Zorro

masked swordsman, defender of weak and oppressed. [Am. Lit.: comic strip (1919); Am. Cinema: Halliwell, 794; TV: Terrace, II, 461–462]

See : Disguise
 en el gallinero". Al tener una agencia federal que reporta directamente al Presidente, las pequenas empresas ganan un defensor en el gobierno que puede hablar en su nombre.

Ademas, la SBA proporciona asistencia financiera y asesoramiento a propietarios potenciales de pequenas empresas. Al subvencionar creditos para el sector. "la SBA creo el mercado de capital de riesgo", dijo Barreto.

El funcionario explico a BUSINESS MEXICO que la SBA trabaja con mas de 6,000 bancos a escala nacional para garantizar un gran porcentaje de creditos para la pequena empresa, que significan de US$40,000 a 50,000 millones en capital de riesgo al ano. El riesgo es compartido entre el banco y el gobierno estadounidense, permitiendo a los bancos sentirse mas comodos al proporcionar fondos a la pequena empresa. Si bien muchos de estos bancos otorgan capital independientemente de la SBA, la agencia gubernamental es el "mayor garante de creditos para la pequena empresa", segun Barreto.

Coratolo subrayo la importancia de la pequena empresa y la ayuda de la SBA para expandir el sector de alta tecnologia. "Si se considera todo lo que fue inventado en los ultimos 100 anos, en los proximos 25 anos habra incluso mas", dijo, debido al rapido crecimiento de la tecnologia y la buena voluntad de los emprendedores para invertir en desarrollo tecnologico. Entre muchos ejemplos de companias que empezaron con una idea y un credito apoyado por la SBA, estan Intel, Hewlett Packard y Apple Computers.

El modelo estadounidense es visto cada vez mas como un ejemplo viable para Mexico en el impulso a la pequena empresa, particularmente despues de la aprobacion del TLCAN y la Sociedad para la Prosperidad (P-4-P), firmada por el Presidente de Estados Unidos George W. Bush y el Presidente de Mexico Vicente Fox.

Desde el surgimiento de la P-4-P en 2000, ahora hay 42 centros de desarrollo de pequenas empresas en Mexico, incluyendo un nuevo centro de alta tecnologia en Guadalajara. Con recursos y apoyo a su disposicion, la pequena empresa mexicana puede poseer las herramientas para convertirse en la base de una economia mas competitiva.

By > Por Michael T. Parker
COPYRIGHT 2005 American Chamber of Commerce of Mexico A.C.
No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder.
Copyright 2005, Gale Group. All rights reserved. Gale Group is a Thomson Corporation Company.

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Author:Lezcano, Norma
Publication:Business Mexico
Geographic Code:1MEX
Date:Nov 1, 2005
Words:7404
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