Negotiations in Lusaka begin: further sanctions postponed.The mandate of the UN Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM UNAVEM United Nations Angola Verification Mission II) was extended on 15 December for three more months, until 16 March 1994, against a backdrop of new talks between the Government of Angola and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA UNITA União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola (National Union for the Total Independence of Angola) ) in Lusaka, Zambia. By unanimously adopting resolution 890 (1993), the Security Council decided not to add new measures to the existing oil and arms embargo An arms embargo is an embargo that applies to weaponry. It may also include "dual use" items. An arms embargo may serve one or more purposes:
That text had suggested the imposition of trade and travel restrictions against UNITA personnel, unless a cease-fire was established by 1 November and an agreement reached on full implementation of the May 1991 Peace Accords, signed in Bicesse, Portugal. The proposed added sanctions were postponed in view of the Lusaka talks, the Council stated on 15 December. By resolution 890, the Council also urged an end to all military action immediately, agreement on the establishment of an effective and sustainable cease-fire, and conclusion of a peaceful settlement as soon as possible. It reaffirmed its willingness to review the UNAVEM II mandate, taking into account any progress made by the Government of Angola and UNITA towards establishing peace. On 1 November, the Council had decided on an interim postponement of further sanctions against UNITA until 1 December. Full cooperation with the Secretary-general and his Special Representative, Alioune Blondin Beye, was asked to resolve the conflict, ensuring delivery of humanitarian assistance and protection of UN and other personnel. UNITA accepts election results Exploratory contacts between Angola and UNITA were held in Lusaka, Zambia, from 25 to 31 October, a month after the sanctions against UNITA took effect. They were followed by substantive talks, beginning on 15 November. On 27 October, the Secretary-General reported (S/26644) that the Lusaka talks had been made possible because both sides had taken positive steps, including UNITA's proclamation of a unilateral cease-fire. On 3 December, the Secretary-General reported (S/26872) progress in the negotiations. UNITA had accepted the validity of the Peace Accords, the outcome of the September 1992 election results, and the Council's demand for immediate troop withdrawal from locations occupied since hostilities resumed after the elections of September 1992. On 11 December, the parties adopted the general and specific principles, as well as the modalities Modalities The factors and circumstances that cause a patient's symptoms to improve or worsen, including weather, time of day, effects of food, and similar factors. , including the timetable, relating to relating to relate prep → concernant relating to relate prep → bezüglich +gen, mit Bezug auf +acc all military issues on the agenda at the Lusaka talks. On 27 December, in a joint statement (S/1994/18), Portugal, the Russian Federation Russian Federation: see Russia. and the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area. - official observers for the implementation of the 1991 Peace Accords - citing "significant progress" in the Lusaka talks, forecast that remaining issues could be successfully resolved. However, offensive military actions were continuing in several regions, jeopardizing the peace process and humanitarian aid Humanitarian aid is material or logistical assistance provided for humanitarian purposes, typically in response to humanitarian crises. The primary objective of humanitarian aid is to save lives, alleviate suffering, and maintain human dignity. programmes. On the military front, the Secretary-General reported on 3 December that troop movement and build-up build·up also build-up n. 1. The act or process of amassing or increasing: a military buildup; a buildup of tension during the strike. 2. by both sides continued, although fighting was much less intense" since 21 September. UNAVEM II military and police observers continued patrols, maintaining extensive contacts with local authorities, supporting humanitarian operations and conducting investigations. The Mission, though its ability to evaluate the military situation was limited, noted that the Government had steadily enlarged the area of the country under its control. Humanitarian aid In his 3 December report, the Secretary-General said humanitarian activities had continued to make appreciable progress. Although the non-intensive conflict areas were being supplied by road and air by the UN and non-governmental organizations, Mr. Boutros-Ghali said, human suffering remained extreme, and the infant mortality rate infant mortality rate n. The ratio of the number of deaths in the first year of life to the number of live births occurring in the same population during the same period of time. was the highest in the world. The World Food Programme said on 9 December that more than 2 million Angolans would need food aid for the first six months of 1994. The Assembly on 21 December asked (resolution 48/202) for full implementation of the Peace Accords "to bring peace and stability to Angola, thus creating conditions conducive to its economic rehabilitation rehabilitation: see physical therapy. ". |
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