NDT equipt. market to pass $800 million.The nondestructive testing Nondestructive testing (NDT), also called nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and nondestructive inspection (NDI), is testing that does not destroy the test object. NDE is vital for constructing and maintaining all types of components and structures. industry is expected to grow at an annual rate of 4.5% through the year 2002, according to according to prep. 1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians. 2. In keeping with: according to instructions. 3. a new study by Business Communications Co. BCC (Blind Carbon Copy) The field in an e-mail header that names additional recipients for the message. It is similar to carbon copy (cc), but the names do not appear in the recipient's message. Not all e-mail systems support the bcc feature. See fcc. says the market was $674.9 million in 1997 and should reach $839.7 million by 2002. BCC says the NDT NDT Newfoundland Daylight Time industry is undergoing rapid changes. Many of the industries that have traditionally used NDT techniques are stagnant or declining, while industries that rarely used NDT techniques are increasingly employing nondestructive testing. The NDT techniques expected to experience the fastest growth over the next five years include infrared and thermal testing, acoustic emission and eddy current Eddy current An electric current induced within the body of a conductor when that conductor either moves through a nonuniform magnetic field or is in a region where there is a change in magnetic flux. It is sometimes called Foucault current. . The techniques experiencing the slowest growth are expected to be radiographic testing Radiographic Testing (RT), or industrial radiography, is a nondestructive testing (NDT) method of inspecting materials for hidden flaws by using the ability of short wavelength electromagnetic radiation (high energy photons) to penetrate various materials. , liquid penetrant pen·e·trant adj. Penetrating; piercing: a penetrant wind from the north. n. Something that penetrates or is capable of penetrating. and magnetic particle testing, as they do not easily lend themselves to automation or computerization com·put·er·ize tr.v. com·put·er·ized, com·put·er·iz·ing, com·put·er·iz·es 1. To furnish with a computer or computer system. 2. To enter, process, or store (information) in a computer or system of computers. , causing many end users to abandon the techniques in favor of others such as ultrasonics ultrasonics, study and application of the energy of sound waves vibrating at frequencies greater than 20,000 cycles per second, i.e., beyond the range of human hearing. or thermography thermography (thûr'mŏg`rəfē), contact photocopying process that produces a direct positive image and in which infrared rays are used to expose the copy paper. . The U.S. accounts for over 40% of the total sales, followed by Europe and Asia. Worldwide sales are also expected to grow 4.5% yearly to $2 billion in 2002. Sales in 1997 are estimated to be $1.5 billion, according to BCC. Asian countries are expected to experience the highest average annual growth rates Growth Rates The compounded annualized rate of growth of a company's revenues, earnings, dividends, or other figures. Notes: Remember, historically high growth rates don't always mean a high rate of growth looking into the future. in NDT sales at 6.3% per year. Of all the end-user industries, chemical and petrochemical plants, are expected to show the greatest increase in demand for NDT equipment. These plants are using NDT as a key component in maintenance programs de-signed to reduce plant operating costs operating costs npl → gastos mpl operacionales . Electronics manufacturing This article presents a typical manufacturing process of an electronic assembly. Component manufacturing Components such as resistors, capacitors and integrated circuits are generally made by specialized contractors. will also increase non destructive testing In destructive testing, tests are carried out to the specimen’s failure. These tests are generally much easier to carry out, yield more information, and are easier to interpret than nondestructive testing. usage, BCC says.
World rubber consumption
Estimates for 1998 and forecasts for 1999 (000 tons)
1997 1998 1999
Canada 390 398 406
U.S.A. 3,354 3,423 3,435
Brazil 470 478 478
Mexico 255 261 271
Other L. America 337 335 348
Belgium/Luxem. 151 154 155
France 608 637 658
Germany 715 755 770
Italy 407 427 427
Spain 369 392 400
U.K. 356 365 372
Other E.U. 414 424 438
Belarus 48 50 57
Czech Rep. 92 94 102
Poland 130 135 145
Romania 60 56 72
Russian Fed. 534 512 462
Turkey 191 190 196
Ukraine 83 86 86
Other Europe 173 196 213
South Africa 111 111 115
Other Africa 149 153 165
Australia 101 101 107
China 1,895 1,952 1,990
India 730 774 818
Indonesia 254 189 197
Japan 1,876 1,827 1,802
Rep. of Korea 708 643 675
Malaysia 376 410 411
Taiwan 380 375 385
Thailand 275 300 320
Other Asia 425 430 440
Grand Total(a) 16,470 16,630 16,920
(a) Including statistical discrepancies
Synthetic rubber production
Estimates for 1998 and forecasts for 1999 (000 tons)
1997 1998 1999
Canada 217 220 224
U.S.A. 2,589 2,668 2,634
Argentina 56 57 60
Brazil 295 300 300
Mexico 154 157 160
Austria 5 5 5
Belgium 143 145 147
Finland 38 39 40
France 598 615 630
Germany 554 585 590
Italy 295 311 311
Netherlands 217 220 225
Spain 100 105 115
Sweden 48 50 51
U.K. 294 295 300
Bulgaria 30 30 35
Czech Rep. 80 82 86
Poland 100 105 113
Romania 29 25 35
Russian Federation 725 720 600
Turkey 48 49 50
F.R. of Yugoslavia 28 28 28
Other Europe 6 8 10
(former CIS states)
South Africa 62 63 65
Australia 38 38 40
China 600 630 680
India 75 75 80
Indonesia -- 36 50
Iran 60 62 67
Japan 1,592 1,504 1,451
Rep. of Korea 540 567 560
Taiwan 420 470 450
Thailand 10 100 120
Total world 10,050 10,360 10,310
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