Media Crack-Downs Follow Resources Nationalism In Venezuela & Co.

This phenomenon is seen elsewhere in the petroleum producing world, particularly in countries like Venezuela where resource nationalism has been on a steady rise in recent years. More than two-thirds of the Venezuelan population approve of President Hugo Chavez as a visionary leader for Latin America's poor. But on Radio Caracas Television (RCTV), a different portrait emerges. In the daily morning show "The Interview", the Venezuelan leader is ridiculed as "that guy" who should be "thrown out" before he becomes a dictator. Now, after more than 50 years on the air, Chavez is pulling the plug on RCTV. The government won't renew its broadcast licence, which expires on May 27.

To Chavez supporters, closing the station rids the nation of a source of lies and political manipulation. But the move is also generating massive street protests and worldwide claims of censorship. For Chavez critics, it represents a move towards authoritarianism they say is playing out across the globe. Democratically elected leaders - particularly "petroleum populists" in Venezuela, Russia, and Iran - attack dissent by targeting independent media and civil society groups.

The crack-downs are spurred by fears of Western governments or outside groups meddling in domestic politics or undermining security. They span countries rich and poor. But several years of high oil prices are particularly emboldening the leaders in some countries. Thomas Carothers, VP of international politics and governance at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, says: "Venezuela, Iran, and Russia are part of a syndrome in which oil-rich countries that already have a tendency towards authoritarianism are suddenly enjoying a new kind of political self-confidence. They are suddenly sitting pretty, able to buy off opponents - gain the popularity of the public by giving out money. The concentration of oil wealth is increasing their concentration of political power...and whatever repressive instincts they have are magnified as they strike against independent voices".

RCTV has been Venezuela's oldest privately run TV station, founded in 1953. Today it is not the only opposition voice, but it is one of the most widely broadcast. Chavez accuses RCTV of supporting a failed 2002 coup d'etat against him. The station ran cartoons instead of airing images of supporters marching for his return. A 1987 decree, the Chavez government maintains, gives the government the right to let the licence lapse.

Luis Britto Garcia, a pro-government political analyst in Caracas, says: "The radio-electric spectrum is property of the nation; it is not an unlimited entity. [The station] broke the laws of the concession; they cut the signal during a speech by the president during the coup, they broadcast programming 24 hours a day calling on the people to overthrow the government..."