Map of South America.South America South America, fourth largest continent (1991 est. pop. 299,150,000), c.6,880,000 sq mi (17,819,000 sq km), the southern of the two continents of the Western Hemisphere. is the fourth-largest continent, with a land area of almost 7 million square miles. Earth's longest mountain chain hugs the western edge of the continent and includes the Western Hemisphere's highest peak, Argentina's Mount Aconcagua (22,834 ft). South America's longest river begins in the mountains of Peru and flows eastward across northern Brazil for 4,000 miles on its course to the Atlantic. The area drained by this river and its tributaries receives enough rainfall to create the world's largest tropical rain forest. However, scientists are concerned about deforestation deforestation Process of clearing forests. Rates of deforestation are particularly high in the tropics, where the poor quality of the soil has led to the practice of routine clear-cutting to make new soil available for agricultural use. of this rain forest and the melting of mountain glaciers due to global warming global warming, the gradual increase of the temperature of the earth's lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution. . Much of the southeastern part of the continent consists of plains and grasslands. The population of South America is more than 365 million. 1. Locate and name the geographical features of South America that match these descriptions: (A) The two bodies of water linked by the narrow and stormy Strait of Magellan Noun 1. Strait of Magellan - the strait separating South America from Tierra del Fuego and other islands to the south of the continent; discovered by Ferdinand Magellan in 1520; an important route around South America before the Panama Canal was built : -- (B) The huge mountain "backbone" along the western length of the continent: -- (C) The three major rivers that flow to the Atlantic: -- (D) South America's southernmost point of land: -- (E) The islands at 0[degrees], 90[degrees]W, belonging to Ecuador, famous for their iguanas and giant turtles: -- 2. Locate and identify the countries that fit these descriptions: (A) The continent's two southernmost countries: -- the two northernmost: -- (B) The countries with both a Pacific coastline and an Andean "backbone": -- (C) The countries that share a border with Brazil: -- (D) The only two countries that do not share a border with Brazil: -- (E) The South American country that forms a land connection to North America North America, third largest continent (1990 est. pop. 365,000,000), c.9,400,000 sq mi (24,346,000 sq km), the northern of the two continents of the Western Hemisphere. : -- 3. Name the countries you would pass through if you traveled the continent: (A) From east to west along the Equator: -- (B) From north to south along the 60[degrees]W meridian of longitude meridian of longitude: see longitude. : -- 4. Calculate the distance (to the nearest 100 miles) if you flew from: (A) Belem, Brazil, to La Paz La Paz, city, Bolivia La Paz (lä päs), city (1992 pop. 713,378), W Bolivia, administrative capital (since 1898) and largest city of Bolivia. The legal capital is Sucre. , Bolivia: -- (B) Quito, Ecuador, to Georgetown, Guyana Georgetown, estimated population 213,705 (2002 Guyana census), is the capital and largest city of Guyana, located in the Demerara-Mahaica region. It is situated on the Atlantic Ocean coast at the mouth of the Demerara River and it was nicknamed 'Garden City of the Caribbean. : -- 5. Locate and identify each of these cities and name the country. Underline the city if it is the capital. (A) 4[degrees]N, 74[degrees]W: -- (B) 35[degrees]S, 58[degrees]W: -- (C) 23[degrees]S, 46[degrees]W: -- (D) 33[degrees]S, 71[degrees]W: -- 6. Which of these U.S. cities is at the same longitude as Guayaquil, Ecuador: Raleigh, North Carolina For other uses of this name, see Raleigh. Raleigh (IPA: /ˈrɑli/, ral-ee) is the capital of the State of North Carolina and the county seat of Wake County. ; Jacksonville, Florida; or Charleston, South Carolina South Carolina, state of the SE United States. It is bordered by North Carolina (N), the Atlantic Ocean (SE), and Georgia (SW). Facts and Figures Area, 31,055 sq mi (80,432 sq km). Pop. (2000) 4,012,012, a 15. ? -- 7. On the outline map of South America, write the names of as many countries as you can. Use the Atlas map to check your answers. Map of South America 1. (A) Atlantic and Pacific oceans (B) Andes Mountains (C) Amazon, Parana, and Orinoco rivers (D) Cape Horn (E) Galapagos Islands 2. (A) Chile, Argentina; Colombia, Venezuela (B) Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile (C) Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay, French Guiana (optional, not an independent country). (D) Ecuador, Chile (E) Colombia 3. (A) Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador (B) Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Falk land Islands (optional since they are not independent). 4. (A) 1,800 miles (B) 1,600 miles 5. (A) Bogota, Colombia (B) Buenos Aires, Argentina (C) Sao Paulo, Brazil (D) Valparaiso, Chile 6. Charleston, South Carolina |
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