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Making a Dent In Auto Insurance Fraud.


Computer technology drives auto insurers' efforts to stall stall, small division of a larger space, sometimes partly partitioned. The term is used for a booth for display and selling at an exhibition, for a compartment in a stable or kennel, or, in England, for the forward seats in a theater orchestra.  fraud rings.

Auto insurance fraud has thrived because its street-smart street-smart
adj.
Having or displaying street smarts.
 practitioners knew investigators had little chance of detecting their schemes. Sure, insurance companies had all the information they needed to break the rings. But the problem was that investigators could never hope to sift through it all.

But times have changed. What human brain power and cooperation could not accomplish alone, computer power and memory can. And today, in a special room inside a huge office building in Jersey City, N.J., a mainframe mainframe

Digital computer designed for high-speed data processing with heavy use of input/output units such as large-capacity disks and printers. They have been used for such applications as payroll computations, accounting, business transactions, information retrieval,
 computer does what humans could not: It cross-references millions of claims every second to discover the commonalities. Its ability may prove to be a criminal's worst nightmare nightmare /night·mare/ (nit´mar?) a terrifying dream, usually awakening the dreamer.

night·mare
n.
1. A dream arousing feelings of intense fear, horror, and distress.

2.
.

"I'm I'm  

Contraction of I am.

Our Living Language Speakers of some scattered varieties of American English sometimes use I'm instead of I've or I have in present perfect constructions, as in
 prejudiced prej·u·dice  
n.
1.
a. An adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge or examination of the facts.

b. A preconceived preference or idea.

2.
, but yes, this is the leading tool in fighting auto insurance fraud today," said Richard Ri·chard   , Joseph Henri Maurice Known as "Rocket." 1921-2000.

Canadian hockey player. A right wing for the Montreal Canadiens (1942-1960), he led his team to eight Stanley Cup championships and was the first player to score 50 goals in a
 P. Boehning, president of American American, river, 30 mi (48 km) long, rising in N central Calif. in the Sierra Nevada and flowing SW into the Sacramento River at Sacramento. The discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill (see Sutter, John Augustus) along the river in 1848 led to the California gold rush of  Insurance Services Group, a business unit of Insurance Services Office Insurance Services Office, Inc. (ISO) is a provider of data, underwriting, risk management and legal/regulatory services to property-casualty insurers and other clients. Headquartered in Jersey City, New Jersey, the organization serves clients with offices throughout the United  Inc., which runs the system. "You read in the news about all these cases breaking, and I will guarantee that where they got started was with a match in this database, probably 95% of the time."

Massive Computers

The system, ISO (1) See ISO speed.

(2) (International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland, www.iso.ch) An organization that sets international standards, founded in 1946. The U.S. member body is ANSI.
 ClaimSearch, occupies an entire floor of the Jersey City skyscraper skyscraper, modern building of great height, constructed on a steel skeleton. The form originated in the United States. Development of the Form


Many mechanical and structural developments in the last quarter of the 19th cent.
. Built and maintained by ISO with the backing and advice of insurers, it is a bewildering be·wil·der  
tr.v. be·wil·dered, be·wil·der·ing, be·wil·ders
1. To confuse or befuddle, especially with numerous conflicting situations, objects, or statements. See Synonyms at puzzle.

2.
 array of high-tech high-tech also hi-tech
adj. Informal
Of, relating to, or resembling high technology.


high-tech
Adjective

same as hi-tech

Adj. 1.
 equipment housed in about a dozen rooms and manned by 60 to 70 staff members working in shifts. Every day, the system receives some 250,000 claims in all property/casualty lines into the ClaimSearch database, the world's largest compilation Compiling a program. See compiler.  of insurance claims with some 230 million claims and third-party information stored. Some 92% of the property/casualty insurance industry, by premium, uses the system.

The system cost $10 million to $12 million over the past few years to build and more than twice that amount each year to maintain and operate. "It's it's  

1. Contraction of it is.

2. Contraction of it has. See Usage Note at its.


it's it is or it has
it's be ~have
 a substantial operation, but when you figure in 1,000 insurance companies, it's pretty inexpensive," Boehning said. Most companies using the system can save what it costs to subscribe To sign up for a service. Contrast with unsubscribe. See opt-in and syndication format.

(messaging) subscribe - To request to receive messages posted to a mailing list or newsgroup. In contrast to the mundane use of the word this is often free of charge.
 with one to three "major saves," which Boehning said is easy to accomplish. "If you recover a $40,000 Mercedes Mercedes (mĕrsā`thēs), city (1996 pop. 39,139), capital of Soriano dept., SW Uruguay, a port on the Río Negro. An agricultural and livestock center, the city has a shipyard and several fine beaches and resorts.  or you don't don't  

1. Contraction of do not.

2. Nonstandard Contraction of does not.

n.
A statement of what should not be done: a list of the dos and don'ts.
 pay on a $100,000 house fire because it's fraud, you've you've  

Contraction of you have.


you've you have
you've have
 just saved a lot of money," he said.

Nearly all of the incoming Incoming is a 3-D shooter developed by Rage Software and published by Interplay. The PC version was released in late 1998, and the Dreamcast version, a launch title for the console, was released in 1998 in Japan and in 1999 in the rest of the world.  claims--about 97%-are processed electronically and automatically; the rest still arrive by paper, and ISO outsources the data entry. The claims come from 2,000 insurers, 400 third-party administrators, 1,000 self-insureds and 23 of 29 state workers' compensation workers' compensation, payment by employers for some part of the cost of injuries, or in some cases of occupational diseases, received by employees in the course of their work.  funds. The system also has a mirror image of the FBI's stolen-car file, export data from customs agents, impounded-car information from police and appraisals of damaged vehicles from three suppliers.

Pinpointing the Perps

When the system receives a claim, it automatically searches the database for both public and insurance information about the claimant--including vehicle identification number, Social Security number, phone number, address and date of birth--and it sends search results to the sender. It also compares the current claim to others filed by the individual. "If you had a car accident yesterday and fell down your stairs three years ago, there isn't is·n't  

Contraction of is not.


isn't is not
isn't be
 any problem there:' Boehning said. "But if you had a car accident on Monday Monday: see week. , a workers' comp comp

See comparison.
 claim on Tuesday Tuesday: see week.  and a slip-and-fall on Wednesday Wednesday: see week. , we need to come out and talk to you, maybe get a statement under oath Under oath could refer to:
  • Offering testimony while under oath and subject to charges of perjury
  • Underoath, a Christian hardcore band
?"

The system allows special investigative units to perform in- in- word element [L.], in, within, or into.
in- word element [L.], not.

in- 1 or il- or im- or ir-
pref.
 depth system searches using its Investigative Query To interrogate a collection of data such as records in a database. The term may also be used to search a single file or collection of files such as HTML files on the Web. However, in addition to obtaining lists of records that match the search criteria, queries to a database allow for  capability. These searches, averaging about 35,000 a day, look for links between the claimant CLAIMANT. In the courts of admiralty, when the suit is in rem, the cause is entitled in the Dame of the libellant against the thing libelled, as A B v. Ten cases of calico and it preserves that title through the whole progress of the suit.  and other claimants, health practitioners or lawyers.

When claims personnel compile To translate a program written in a high-level programming language into machine language. See compiler.  convincing information, they take it to law-enforcement authorities for prosecution prosecution n. 1) in criminal law, the government attorney charging and trying the case against a person accused of a crime. 2) a common term for the government's side in a criminal case, as in "the prosecution will present five witnesses" or "the prosecution rests" . In July July: see month. , the prosecutor prosecutor

Government attorney who presents the state's case against the defendant in a criminal prosecution. In some countries (France, Japan), public prosecution is carried out by a single office. In the U.S., states and counties have their own prosecutors.
 in Hudson Hudson, towns, United States
Hudson.

1 Industrial town (1990 pop. 17,233), Middlesex co., E central Mass., on the Assabet River, in an apple-growing region; settled c.1699, inc. 1866.
 County, N.J., indicted INDICTED, practice. When a man is accused by a bill of indictment preferred by a grand jury, he is said to be indicted.  172 people, including a doctor, a lawyer and two chiropractors, in connection with the alleged staging of 19 auto accidents and false medical claims totaling more than $5 million. Later in July, the state's Office of Insurance Fraud Prosecutor and a municipal police department indicted 29 in an alleged fraud scheme involving staged accidents. That alleged fraud ring sent claims to five insurers.

Similar cases are on the upswing Upswing

An upward turn in a security's price after a period of falling prices.
 nationwide. In Utah, for example, the insurance department completed a record 153 insurance fraud investigations in its most recent fiscal year, more than three times the number of cases handled the previous year. Both its arrests and convictions were up significantly.

Also in July, the Washington Washington, town, England
Washington, town (1991 pop. 48,856), Sunderland metropolitan district, NE England. Washington was designated one of the new towns in 1964 to alleviate overpopulation in the Tyneside-Wearside area.
, D.C.-based Coalition Against Insurance Fraud reported that state insurance fraud bureaus have doubled their criminal convictions for scams in all lines of insurance by organized crime rings since 1995. The coalition reported that insurance fraud, including health insurance, costs Americans $80 billion a year, or nearly $1,000 per family. The National Association of Independent Insurers, Des Plaines Des Plaines, city, United States
Des Plaines (dĕs plānz), city (1990 pop. 53,223), Cook co., NE Ill., a suburb of Chicago on the Des Plaines River; inc. 1925. Among its manufactures are chemicals and electronic equipment.
, Ill., reported in August that "an epidemic epidemic, outbreak of disease that affects a much greater number of people than is usual for the locality or that spreads to regions where it is ordinarily not present.  of insurance fraud" from New Jersey to Maine Maine, ship
Maine, U.S. battleship destroyed (Feb. 15, 1898) in Havana harbor by an explosion that killed 260 men. The incident helped precipitate the Spanish-American War (Apr., 1898). Commanded by Capt. Charles Sigsbee, the ship had been sent (Jan.
 is causing consumers there to pay higher prices for auto coverage. It said the problem is most severe in Massachusetts Massachusetts (măsəch`sĭts), most populous of the New England states of the NE United States. , which averaged 9% to 12% rate hikes from 1996 to 1999, and New York New York, state, United States
New York, Middle Atlantic state of the United States. It is bordered by Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and the Atlantic Ocean (E), New Jersey and Pennsylvania (S), Lakes Erie and Ontario and the Canadian province of
, which may be on the verge On the Verge (or The Geography of Yearning) is a play written by Eric Overmyer. It makes extensive use of esoteric language and pop culture references from the late nineteenth century to 1955.  of supplanting sup·plant  
tr.v. sup·plant·ed, sup·plant·ing, sup·plants
1. To usurp the place of, especially through intrigue or underhanded tactics.

2.
 New Jersey as the state with the highest auto premiums.

ISO estimates that 7% to 10% of all auto claims in the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area.  are fraudulent The description of a willful act commenced with the Specific Intent to deceive or cheat, in order to cause some financial detriment to another and to engender personal financial gain. . Last year, losses and loss-adjustment expenses for personal and commercial auto lines in the United States amounted to more than $116.36 billion. But in Europe Europe (yr`əp), 6th largest continent, c.4,000,000 sq mi (10,360,000 sq km) including adjacent islands (1992 est. pop. 512,000,000). , where ISO has recently been meeting with authorities, ISO estimates the rate to be between 15% and 20%, a disparity dis·par·i·ty  
n. pl. dis·par·i·ties
1. The condition or fact of being unequal, as in age, rank, or degree; difference: "narrow the economic disparities among regions and industries" 
 at least in part attributable attributable

emanating from or pertaining to attribute.


attributable proportion
see attributable risk (below).

attributable risk
 to the fraud-fighting tools in the United States. "They don't have the deterrents," said Boehning of European European

emanating from or pertaining to Europe.


European bat lyssavirus
see lyssavirus.

European beech tree
fagussylvaticus.

European blastomycosis
see cryptococcosis.
 countries.

Follow Through

While upbeat about ISO's Claim-Search as an effective tool, Robert Robert, Henry Martyn 1837-1923.

American army engineer and parliamentary authority. He designed the defenses for Washington, D.C., during the Civil War and later wrote Robert's Rules of Order (1876).

Noun 1.
 Hartwig, chief economist The Chief Economist is a single position job class having primary responsibility for the development, coordination, and production of economic and financial analysis. It is distinguished from the other economist positions by the broader scope of responsibility encompassing the  at the Insurance Information Institute, New York, pointed out that to actually fight fraud rings, investigators must follow through. "Insurers need the backing of insurance departments, law enforcement and state legislatures A state legislature may refer to a legislative branch or body of a political subdivision in a federal system.

The following legislatures exist in the following political subdivisions:
," he said. "If you're you're  

Contraction of you are.


you're you are
you're be
 not given the legal authority and the backing you need, it doesn't does·n't  

Contraction of does not.
 do much good."

Hartwig said the software programs that help access the ISO database also need to be put into the hands of law-enforcement personnel, but these investigators often lack funding. Law-enforcement units operate within stringent fiscal budgets imposed by city managers and bureaucrats, and software has to compete with other demands, such as violent crime prevention, for funding, he said. "So far, law enforcement has been successful in getting money for some, but we feel that the magnitude magnitude, in astronomy, measure of the brightness of a star or other celestial object. The stars cataloged by Ptolemy (2d cent. A.D.), all visible with the unaided eye, were ranked on a brightness scale such that the brightest stars were of 1st magnitude and the  of fraud requires more access to this type of software," he said. Doing so could improve the efficiency of investigators in their fraud-fighting efforts without detracting from time for homicides or other serious crime.

Boehning said law enforcement can access the ISO database at two levels. One is for auto, for which about 5,000 passwords have been issued as of August. The other is for white-collar insurance crime, for which about 1,000 passwords have been issued and which provide access to the total database. "We're we're  

Contraction of we are.


we're we are
 working closely with the National Insurance Crime Bureau "NICB" redirects here. NICB may also refer to the National Industrial Conference Board; see The Conference Board.
The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) is a North American non-profit membership organization located in Des Plaines, Illinois.
 and law enforcement, so if they start to run into things, they can look into it, too," he said.

Even if prosecutors show little interest in a case because an insurer An individual or company who, through a contractual agreement, undertakes to compensate specified losses, liability, or damages incurred by another individual.

An insurer is frequently an insurance company and is also known as an underwriter.
 never paid a claim, insurers are still free to pursue claimants they believe have committed fraud, said ISO spokesman Christopher Guidette. They have the option of civil suits for damages. But to encourage law enforcement, the insurance industry has learned to "package up their cases better, to work together, three or four companies, to put the package together and go to law enforcement and say, here it is, this is prosecutable pros·e·cute  
v. pros·e·cut·ed, pros·e·cut·ing, pros·e·cutes

v.tr.
1. Law
a. To initiate civil or criminal court action against.

b.
 right here, or this is so overwhelming that you've got to do some investigation," Boehning said. "Giving that package of information has been very helpful to involve law enforcement to investigate further, or to give it to a prosecutor willing to prosecute To follow through; to commence and continue an action or judicial proceeding to its ultimate conclusion. To proceed against a defendant by charging that person with a crime and bringing him or her to trial.  the case." (See "Making a Case," page 45.)

The industry also reaps benefits from the investigative software, even if a case is not prosecuted. On the positive side, it helps pay meritorious mer·i·to·ri·ous  
adj.
Deserving reward or praise; having merit.



[Middle English, from Latin merit
 claims quicker, Boehning said. "If 10% of claims are fraudulent, 90% of claims are legitimate, and companies want to pay their claims; that's the contract they have with the insured The person who obtains or is otherwise covered by insurance on his or her health, life, or property. The insured in a policy is not limited to the insured named in the policy but applies to anyone who is insured under the policy.


insured n.
," he said. If it finds no matches or meaningless matches the system allows those insurers to pay the claim faster and with a higher confidence level.

Some insurers have taken steps to make the claims process faster and more convenient for customers--such as drive-in claims centers manned by examiners that can cut a check within minutes. To facilitate faster claims-payment processes for auto physical damage, ISO recently introduced a service called APD APD atrial premature depolarization (see atrial premature complex, under complex ); pamidronate.  FastCheck, which quickly searches across all lines of insurance to create a match report and score that summarizes the claimant's and vehicle's full loss history.

Finding the Payoff

Using the type of software that can search the ISO database, insurers have become bolder in trying to break up the fraud rings, Hartwig said. Computers present investigators with "visually very appealing" representations of links among ring members, so they "start to see things a human could never see with 500 file folders on the desk," he said. Insurers need to make the case for law enforcement, which typically will not undertake a major investigation of a fraud ring on its own, he added.

The cases are sometimes so well researched that insurers can use the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act, which allows prosecution of every party in the ring under a theory of conspiracy conspiracy, in law, agreement of two or more persons to commit a criminal or otherwise unlawful act. At common law, the crime of conspiracy was committed with the making of the agreement, but present-day statutes require an overt step by a conspirator to further the  and which provides for treble damages A recovery of three times the amount of actual financial losses suffered which is provided by statute for certain kinds of cases.

The statute authorizing treble damages directs the judge to multiply by three the amount of monetary damages awarded by the jury in those cases
. "It's a club--a legal club--insurers can wield wield  
tr.v. wield·ed, wield·ing, wields
1. To handle (a weapon or tool, for example) with skill and ease.

2. To exercise (authority or influence, for example) effectively. See Synonyms at handle.
," Hartwig said. "It allows them to prosecute the principals involved in these corrupt activities and to go right to the top, to those with the most to lose." Law enforcement has successfully used RICO RICO n. .  to put gangsters and the Mafia Mafia (mä`fēä), name given to a number of organized groups of Sicilian brigands in the 19th and 20th cent. Unlike the Camorra in Naples, the Mafia had no hierarchic organization; each group operated on its own.  Out of business, put them in jail for decades and strip them of their assets, Hartwig said.

Investment in anti-fraud efforts, including special investigative units, has proven to be financially worthwhile. In the mid- mid-
pref.
Middle: midbrain. 
1990s, insurers said that for every dollar they invested, they were getting up to $27 back, according to according to
prep.
1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians.

2. In keeping with: according to instructions.

3.
 a February February: see month.  2001 report by the Insurance Information Institute. But the institute said these returns have become harder to achieve "as the more apparent fraud schemes have been uncovered Uncovered may refer to:
  • something "not covered"
  • Uncovered (Sirsy)
 and more effort is necessary to ferret out Verb 1. ferret out - search and discover through persistent investigation; "She ferreted out the truth"
ferret

discover, find - make a discovery; "She found that he had lied to her"; "The story is false, so far as I can discover"
 the sophisticated fraud that remains." A more recent survey showed returns on running special investigative units ranged from 3-to-1 to a high of 27-to-1, depending on the year and the line of insurance.

Software provider NetMap Analytics entered a strategic alliance two years ago with ISO that makes use of the NetMap for Claims software to search the ClaimSearch database. ISO also offers ViewLink Manager, software for desktop computers, for less sophisticated database queries. NetMap for Claims processes much more information, and it allows an insurer to tie it into its own database, said Diana Diana, in Roman religion
Diana (dīăn`ə), in Roman religion, goddess of the moon, forests, animals, and women in childbirth. She was probably originally a forest goddess and a special patroness of women.
 Scranton Scranton, city (1990 pop. 81,805), seat of Lackawanna co., NE Pa., in a mountain region, on the Lackawanna River; settled in the 1700s, inc. 1866. Named for George W. , director of corporate communications Corporate communications is the process of facilitating information and knowledge exchanges with internal and key external groups and individuals that have a direct relationship with an enterprise.  for NetMap Analytics. Insurers also can use other brands of software to access the ISO ClaimSearch database.

NetMap's client base of insurers has grown to 26 from five two years ago, said Rob Doone, chief operating officer Chief Operating Officer (COO)

The officer of a firm responsible for day-to-day management, usually the president or an executive vice-president.
 and president of the Americas A·mer·i·cas   , the

See America.
 Operation at the Westerville Westerville, city (1990 pop. 30,269), Delaware and Franklin counties, central Ohio; inc. 1858. Seed and grain cleaners, fabricated steel, and dairy products are made. Otterbein College is there. Hoover reservoir is to the east. , Ohio-based company. But the industry in general is still loathe to use the software to attack the problem, he said. Rather than attacking fraud, many senior executives still assign a higher priority to attacking the "historical metrics metrics Managed care A popular term for standards by which the quality of a product, service, or outcome of a particular form of Pt management is evaluated. See TQM. ," such as driving down internal costs. "But they're they're  

Contraction of they are.

they're be
 running Out of room with those metrics," he said. "The overall P/C combined ratio increased to more than 110 last year, tip from 108, despite higher premiums and lower catastrophe Catastrophe, from the Greek Καταστροφή (katastrephein), literally means "to turn" (strephein) "downwards" (kata-).  losses." Historically, executives have believed that fraud is something they couldn't could·n't  

Contraction of could not.


couldn't could not
 control, he added.

Fraudulent claim payments, however, are about equal to what should be earnings-per-share money at the typical company, or money that can be returned to mutual policyholders in lower premiums or dividends, Doone said, assuming that claims at a typical company are about 70% of premiums, and about 10% are fraudulent. "I don't know Don't know (DK, DKed)

"Don't know the trade." A Street expression used whenever one party lacks knowledge of a trade or receives conflicting instructions from the other party.
 of any other 10% item going right out the door," he said. "It's a large, gaping gap·ing  
adj.
Deep and wide open: a gaping wound; a gaping hole.



gaping·ly adv.

Adj.
 hole hitting their bottom line. It's a hurricane hurricane, tropical cyclone in which winds attain speeds greater than 74 mi (119 km) per hr. Wind speeds reach over 190 mi (289 km) per hr in some hurricanes.  that hits every day."

An offshoot of the software search programs is that they are helping to discover the magnitude of the fraud problem, and that discovery has even attracted the attention of the FBI. "These fraud rings are multimillion-dollar organizations," Doone said. "Historically, the FBI didn't did·n't  

Contraction of did not.


didn't did not
didn't do
 get involved unless there was interstate in·ter·state  
adj.
Involving, existing between, or connecting two or more states.

n.
One of a system of highways extending between the major cities of the 48 contiguous United States.

Noun 1.
 crime, but now there are dollar thresholds." What's more, the software programs represent public assistance for which the public does not have to pay as organizations like ISO and the National Insurance Crime Bureau help track fraud and help authorities to go after it, he added.

The No-Fault no-fault
adj.
1. Of, indicating, or being a system of motor vehicle insurance in which accident victims are compensated by their insurance companies without assignment of blame.

2.
 Effect

Doone and others said fraud rings tend to operate in states with no-fault laws and in big cities. Since no-fault insurance no-fault insurance, type of indemnity plan, usually applied to automobile coverage, in which those injured in an accident receive direct payment from the company with which they themselves are insured.  is designed to minimize In a graphical environment, to hide an application that is currently displayed on screen. For example, in Windows and Mac, the application's window is removed from the screen and represented by an icon on the Windows Taskbar. In the Mac, the icon is placed in the Dock. See Win Minimize windows.  involvement by lawyers and courts, insurers are less concerned about determining who is at fault in an accident, thereby making fraud more likely.

Hartwig said no-fault laws have created a "perfect environment" for criminals, and this environment has evolved over time. New York's no-fault law, for example, still retained features as of early August that were little changed from the law's enactment in the early 1970s. While managed care has taken hold elsewhere, with fixed amounts per procedure or per capita [Latin, By the heads or polls.] A term used in the Descent and Distribution of the estate of one who dies without a will. It means to share and share alike according to the number of individuals.  and standards for reasonable and proper treatment, it doesn't exist under no-fault laws in New York. What's more, the law allows for up to $50,000 in medical coverage for each insured in each accident, and claimants can delay submitting claims for up to six months after medical treatment is rendered, "So you can rack up rack 1  
n.
1.
a. A framework or stand in or on which to hold, hang, or display various articles: a trophy rack; a rack for baseball bats in the dugout; a drying rack for laundry.
 a considerable amount of medical claims during that period," he said.

No-fault laws are easy enough to fix but can be held hostage hostage, person held by another as a guarantee that certain actions or promises will or will not be carried out. During periods of internal turmoil, insurgents often seize hostages; recent examples include seizures of Americans and other foreigners by militants in  to political interests. In New York, the Assembly, the Senate and the insurance department each offered proposals, but all were being held up by what Hartwig called "political gamesmanship games·man·ship  
n.
1. The art or practice of using tactical maneuvers to further one's aims or better one's position:
" in the state capital. Meanwhile, the NAIL nail, in carpentry
nail, metal pin driven by force applied at one end into pieces of material, usually wood, to join them together. The strength of a nailed joint depends on the properties of the wood, the type and number of nails used, and the type of
, alleging too many loopholes, opposed op·pose  
v. op·posed, op·pos·ing, op·pos·es

v.tr.
1. To be in contention or conflict with: oppose the enemy force.

2.
 the Assembly bill to reduce the six-month reporting period to 60 days.

But Hartwig said tough anti-fraud laws passed in New Jersey two years ago "drove scamsters across the Lincoln Tunnel The Lincoln Tunnel is a 1.5 mile (2.4 km) long tunnel under the Hudson River, connecting Weehawken, New Jersey and the borough of Manhattan in New York City. History
The tunnel was designed by Ole Singstad.
." Such reforms pressure neighboring neigh·bor  
n.
1. One who lives near or next to another.

2. A person, place, or thing adjacent to or located near another.

3. A fellow human.

4. Used as a form of familiar address.

v.
 states to adopt similar laws.

"No-fault laws can work if insurers are vigilant," agreed Doone. "Use a software product...to analyze an·a·lyze
v.
1. To examine methodically by separating into parts and studying their interrelations.

2. To separate a chemical substance into its constituent elements to determine their nature or proportions.

3.
 the total pool of claims, and the fraud jumps right out at you."
Auto Loss and Loss-Adjustment Expenses--2000

In 2000, losses and loss-adjustment expenses for personal and
commercial auto lines in the United States amounted to more
than $116.36 billion.

($ Thousands)


Liability                   Personal   Commercial         Total

   Earned Premium        $69,560,947  $13,055,602   $82,616,549
   Loss Ratio                   88.1         89.9          88.4
   Loss and Loss-
   Adjustment Expenses   $61,283,194  $11,736,986   $73,020,181

Physical Damage

   Earned Premium        $49,919,307   $5,779,471   $55,698,778
   Loss Ratio                   78.0         76.1          77.8
   Loss and Loss-
   Adjustment Expenses   $38,937,059   $4,398,177   $43,335,237

Total

   Earned Premium       $119,480,254  $18,835,073  $138,315,327
   Loss Ratio                   83.9         85.7          84.1
   Loss and Loss-
   Adjustment Expenses  $100,220,254  $16,135,164  $116,355,417



Source: Insurance Services Office Inc.
Total Auto, Top Writers--2000


                                2000 Direct        %
                                   Premiums  Premium  Market Share (%)
Rank  Company/Group           ($ Thousands)   Change              2000

 1    State Farm Group          $22,306,942    -3.5%              15.8
 2    Allstate Ins Group         14,700,073     -1.5              10.4
 3    Zurich/Farmers Group        8,342,307     -1.0               5.9
 4    Progressive Group           6,272,497      1.7               4.4
 5    Nationwide Group            6,119,879      7.6               4.3

 6    Berkshire Hathaway          5,730,422     16.6               4.1
 7    USAA Group                  4,072,754      8.9               2.9
 8    Travelers/Citigrp Co        3,677,204      5.1               2.6
 9    Liberty Mut Ins Cos         3,650,398      4.9               2.6
 10   Amer Intern Group Inc       2,831,498     11.8               2.0

 11   Amer Family Ins Group       2,515,289      3.4               1.8
 12   Hartford Ins Group          2,443,596      5.6               1.7
 13   CNA Ins Cos                 2,267,238     -4.3               1.6
 14   Safeco Ins Cos              2,148,439     -0.3               1.5
 15   CGU Group                   1.920,114      1.5               1.4

 16   MetLife Auto&Home Gr        1,615,187      9.9               1.1
 17   Great Amer P&C Group        1,531,071     11.2               1.1
 18   Calif State Auto Group      1,462,095      2.0               1.0
 19   Erie Ins Group              1,428,082      4.1               1.0
 20   Prudential of Am Group      1,301,698      0.5               0.9

 21   GMAC Ins Group              1,262,372      4.7               0.9
 22   Allmerica P & C Cos         1,261,284      8.0               0.9
 23   Auto Club So Cal Group      1,204,084      5.4               0.9
 24   Auto-Owners Group           1,192,043     11.7               0.8
 25   Mercury General Group       1,182,760     -1.9               0.8

      Total U.S. Companies     $141,243,754      2.3             100.0




                                                             % of
                    Adjusted Loss Ratio [1]               Company
Rank   1999   1998                     2000  1999  1998  Premiums

 1     16.7   17.6                     80.2  69.6  70.0      67.6
 2     10.8   11.0                     65.4  58.7  54.8      74.6
 3      6.1    6.3                     72.6  67.8  67.2      45.3
 4      4.5    3.9                     69.9  62.9  56.0      98.0
 5      4.1    4.0                     72.7  66.8  64.5      62.0

 6      3.6    3.1                     78.2  71.8  65.6      85.5
 7      2.7    2.6                     76.3  75.0  93.4      71.9
 8      2.5    2.5                     72.4  66.6  63.6      33.9
 9      2.5    2.6                     77.9  70.7  73.2      39.5
 10     1.8    1.6                     78.3  71.4  68.2      21.7

 11     1.8    1.7                     70.3  68.1  65.3      66.5
 12     1.7    1.5                     67.7  66.0  66.0      35.8
 13     1.7    1.7                     76.3  73.2  56.7      22.2
 14     1.6    1.6                     74.3  70.5  64.1      45.8
 15     1.4    1.4                     84.2  69.3  70.8      41.2

 16     1.1    1.1                     67.1  63.9  60.9      77.0
 17     1.0    1.2                     68.7  62.9  62.5      45.8
 18     1.0    1.1                     73.3  82.0  70.5      87.2
 19     1.0    1.0                     67.8  62.2  60.6      64.7
 20     0.9    1.1                     57.2  55.7  53.8      72.3

 21     0.9    0.9                     64.3  65.5  69.4      64.4
 22     0.8    0.7                     71.4  73.1  75.0      52.6
 23     0.8    0.8                     71.9  63.1  63.6      90.0
 24     0.8    0.7                     69.9  71.7  72.4      52.1
 25     0.9    0.9                     59.3  55.5  50.2      93.8

      100.0  100.0                     73.1  67.7  66.1      44.9



(1)Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by the
difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid to
policyholders.

Source: A.M. Best Statement and Competitive Analysis Report Products
Private-Passenger Auto, Top Writers--2000


                                  2000 Direct        %
                             Premiums Written  Premium
Company/Group                   ($ Thousands)   Change

State Farm Group                  $21,617,472     -3.6
Allstate Insurance Group           14,265,670     -1.8
Zurich/Farmers Group                7,000,554     -4.8
Progressive Group                   5,690,345     -0.3
Berkshire Hathaway                  5,627,730     16.7

Nationwide Group                    5,592,728      7.4
USAA Group                          4,072,706      8.9
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos           2,796,902      5.5
Amer Family Insurance Group         2,479,649      3.5
Travelers/Citigrp Co                2,426,795      1.5

Amer Intern Group Inc               2,308,419     17.8
Hartford Insurance Group            2,005,735      7.4
Safeco Insurance Cos                1,726,435     -0.1
MetLife Auto&Home Group             1,615,187      9.9
Calif State Auto Group              1,462,095      2.0

CNA Ins Cos                         1,310,268     -2.5
Great Amer P&C Group                1,302,544     11.5
Prudential of Am Group              1,292,671      0.9
Erie Insurance Group                1,254,772      2.7
Auto Club So Cal Group              1,204,084      5.4

CGU Group                           1,180,486     -9.1
Mercury General Group               1,136,227     -2.2
GMAC Insurance Group                1,076,390      2.8
Allmerica P & C Cos                   988,217      7.0
Auto Club Group                       962,680     -1.3

Total U.S. Companies             $120,528,341      1.4




                             Market Share (%)
Company/Group                            2000   1999   1998

State Farm Group                         17.9   18.9   19.7
Allstate Insurance Group                 11.8   12.2   12.4
Zurich/Farmers Group                      5.8    6.2    6.4
Progressive Group                         4.7    4.8    4.2
Berkshire Hathaway                        4.7    4.1    3.5

Nationwide Group                          4.6    4.4    4.3
USAA Group                                3.4    3.1    3.0
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos                 2.3    2.2    2.3
Amer Family Insurance Group               2.1    2.0    1.9
Travelers/Citigrp Co                      2.0    2.0    2.0

Amer Intern Group Inc                     1.9    1.6    1.5
Hartford Insurance Group                  1.7    1.6    1.4
Safeco Insurance Cos                      1.4    1.5    1.5
MetLife Auto&Home Group                   1.3    1.2    1.2
Calif State Auto Group                    1.2    1.2    1.2

CNA Ins Cos                               1.1    1.1    1.1
Great Amer P&C Group                      1.1    1.0    1.2
Prudential of Am Group                    1.1    1.1    1.2
Erie Insurance Group                      1.0    1.0    1.1
Auto Club So Cal Group                    1.0    1.0    0.9

CGU Group                                 1.0    1.1    1.1
Mercury General Group                     0.9    1.0    1.0
GMAC Insurance Group                      0.9    0.9    1.0
Allmerica P & C Cos                       0.8    0.8    0.7
Auto Club Group                           0.8    0.8    0.9

Total U.S. Companies                    100.0  100.0  100.0




                             Adjusted Loss Ratio [1]
Company/Group                                   2000  1999  1998

State Farm Group                                80.5  69.8  70.2
Allstate Insurance Group                        65.4  58.5  54.7
Zurich/Farmers Group                            72.0  65.9  64.4
Progressive Group                               70.7  63.0  56.1
Berkshire Hathaway                              78.8  72.0  65.7

Nationwide Group                                72.4  65.7  64.2
USAA Group                                      76.3  75.0  93.4
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos                       69.5  62.3  64.3
Amer Family Insurance Group                     70.4  68.4  65.3
Travelers/Citigrp Co                            71.8  65.1  59.3

Amer Intern Group Inc                           74.1  62.6  60.0
Hartford Insurance Group                        66.8  65.9  66.4
Safeco Insurance Cos                            73.8  70.6  64.3
MetLife Auto&Home Group                         67.2  63.9  60.8
Calif State Auto Group                          73.3  82.0  70.5

CNA Ins Cos                                     70.2  65.8  52.5
Great Amer P&C Group                            69.1  62.6  62.0
Prudential of Am Group                          57.2  55.3  53.8
Erie Insurance Group                            66.8  62.4  61.2
Auto Club So Cal Group                          71.9  63.1  63.6

CGU Group                                       82.8  69.1  69.4
Mercury General Group                           60.1  55.6  50.4
GMAC Insurance Group                            63.9  66.7  68.6
Allmerica P & C Cos                             67.6  72.3  73.7
Auto Club Group                                 88.0  77.7  70.9

Total U.S. Companies                            72.3  66.3  64.7



                                 % of
                              Company
Company/Group                Premiums

State Farm Group                 65.5
Allstate Insurance Group         72.4
Zurich/Farmers Group             38.0
Progressive Group                88.9
Berkshire Hathaway               84.0

Nationwide Group                 56.6
USAA Group                       71.9
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos        30.3
Amer Family Insurance Group      65.6
Travelers/Citigrp Co             22.4

Amer Intern Group Inc            17.7
Hartford Insurance Group         29.4
Safeco Insurance Cos             36.8
MetLife Auto&Home Group          77.0
Calif State Auto Group           87.2

CNA Ins Cos                      12.8
Great Amer P&C Group             39.0
Prudential of Am Group           71.8
Erie Insurance Group             56.9
Auto Club So Cal Group           90.0

CGU Group                        25.4
Mercury General Group            90.1
GMAC Insurance Group             54.9
Allmerica P & C Cos              41.2
Auto Club Group                  86.6

Total U.S. Companies             38.3
Commercial Auto, Top Writers--2000


                               2000 Direct        %
                          Premiums Written  Premium  Market Share (%)
Company/Group                ($ Thousands)   Change              2000

Zurich/Farmers Group            $1,341,753     25.3               6.5
Travelers/Citigrp Co             1,250,409     12.8               6.0
CNA Insurance Cos                  956,970     -6.7               4.6
Liberty Mut Ins Cos                853,496      3.2               4.1
St Paul Co                         780,139     17.9               3.8

CGU Group                          739,628     24.9               3.6
State Farm Group                   689,469     -0.9               3.3
Progressive Group                  582,152     27.1               2.8
Nationwide Group                   527,150      9.7               2.5
Amer Intern Group Inc              523,079     -8.8               2.5

Old Republic Gen Group             445,892     -8.5               2.2
Hartford Insurance Group           437,861     -2.0               2.1
Allstate Insurance Group           434,403      7.2               2.1
Auto-Owners Group                  424,666     19.0               2.1
Safeco Insurance Cos               422,003     -1.1               2.0

Royal & SunAlliance                357,392     -1.4               1.7
Winterthur Swiss Group             286,861     17.6               1.4
Cincinnati Insurance Cos           275,019     16.5               1.3
Allmerica P & C Cos                273,067     11.9               1.3
Kemper Ins Cos                     267,457     47.9               1.3

Fairfax Fin (US) Group             264,072    -14.9               1.3
Allianz of America                 243,521     -0.4               1.2
Great Amer P&C Group               228,527      9.8               1.1
W R Berkley Group                  220,799    -12.4               1.1
Harleysville Insurance             201,128      0.4               1.0

Total U.S. Companies           $20,715,413      8.2             100.0





                                        Adjusted Loss Ratio [1]
Company/Group              1999   1998                     2000   1999

Zurich/Farmers Group        5.6    5.5                     76.0   80.9
Travelers/Citigrp Co        5.8    5.9                     73.6   69.7
CNA Insurance Cos           5.4    5.6                     83.6   82.6
Liberty Mut Ins Cos         4.3    4.7                    105.2   96.5
St Paul Co                  3.5    3.7                     65.6   71.5

CGU Group                   3.1    3.1                     86.5   69.7
State Farm Group            3.6    3.7                     70.2   61.5
Progressive Group           2.4    2.3                     60.6   60.9
Nationwide Group            2.5    2.4                     75.8   78.8
Amer Intern Group Inc       3.0    2.6                     97.9  103.1

Old Republic Gen Group      2.5    2.7                     80.1   95.9
Hartford Insurance Group    2.3    2.3                     71.5   66.1
Allstate Insurance Group    2.1    2.0                     68.2   65.4
Auto-Owners Group           1.9    1.7                     72.0   71.6
Safeco Insurance Cos        2.2    2.0                     76.5   70.0

Royal & SunAlliance         1.9    2.0                     77.6   79.0
Winterthur Swiss Group      1.3    1.2                     70.1   68.9
Cincinnati Insurance Cos    1.2    1.2                    109.5   77.3
Allmerica P & C Cos         1.3    1.1                     85.0   76.4
Kemper Ins Cos              0.9    1.2                     74.3   66.4

Fairfax Fin (US) Group      1.6    2.0                     98.2   82.8
Allianz of America          1.3    1.3                     94.2   72.2
Great Amer P&C Group        1.1    1.0                     66.3   64.5
W R Berkley Group           1.3    1.3                     76.9   88.7
Harleysville Insurance      1.0    1.0                     64.0   72.3

Total U.S. Companies      100.0  100.0                     78.2   76.3




                                    % of
                                 Company
Company/Group             1998  Premiums

Zurich/Farmers Group      88.2       7.3
Travelers/Citigrp Co      72.0      11.5
CNA Insurance Cos         61.8       9.4
Liberty Mut Ins Cos       98.2       9.2
St Paul Co                87.5      14.2

CGU Group                 74.1      15.9
State Farm Group          63.1       2.1
Progressive Group         55.4       9.1
Nationwide Group          67.9       5.3
Amer Intern Group Inc     94.1       4.0

Old Republic Gen Group    77.6      31.6
Hartford Insurance Group  64.3       6.4
Allstate Insurance Group  56.0       2.2
Auto-Owners Group         69.7      18.6
Safeco Insurance Cos      63.2       9.0

Royal & SunAlliance       80.2       8.5
Winterthur Swiss Group    70.4      16.8
Cincinnati Insurance Cos  71.4      14.1
Allmerica P & C Cos       80.8      11.4
Kemper Ins Cos            81.8       7.4

Fairfax Fin (US) Group    77.7      11.9
Allianz of America        66.7       5.1
Great Amer P&C Group      65.5       6.8
W R Berkley Group         75.8      17.1
Harleysville Insurance    65.8      18.2

Total U.S. Companies      74.8       6.6



(1)Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by the
difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid to
policyholders.

Source: A.M. Best Statement and Competitive Analysis Report Products

To access these statistical studies online, visit www.bestreview.com
and click on this story. The full statistical report and the data in
spreadsheet format can be downloaded. Call Customer Service for more
information, (908) 439-2200, ext. 5742.
Auto Liability, Top Writers--2000


                                  2000 Direct        %
                             Premiums Written  Premium
Company/Group                   ($ Thousands)   Change

State Farm Group                  $12,620,224     -5.0
Allstate Insurance Group            8,261,359     -4.1
Zurich/Farmers Group                4,955,758      2.2
Nationwide Group                    3,839,519      7.1
Progressive Group                   3,794,118     -0.2

Berkshire Hathaway                  3,491,453     15.8
Travelers/Citigrp Co                2,370,335      4.2
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos           2,351,531      3.8
USAA Group                          2,171,048      6.5
Amer Intern Group Inc               1,885,114      8.4

Hartford Insurance Group            1,551,584      3.1
CNA Insurance Co                    1,533,190     -5.4
Amer Family Insurance Group         1,351,372     -0.2
Safeco Insurance Cos                1,271,487     -2.0
CGU Group                           1,228,582      0.8

Great Amer P&C Group                  981,870      7.2
MetLife Auto&Home Group               934,306      8.0
St Paul Cos                           846,483      8.8
Erie Insurance Group                  838,703      1.3
Prudential of Am Group                816,948     -1.6

Calif State Auto Group                807,824     -1.3
Royal & SunAlliance                   769,880     -6.3
Allmerica P & C Cos                   714,450      8.5
Mercury General Group                 696,636     -3.7
GMAC Ins Group                        682,556      1.8

Total U.S. Companies              $84,424,508      1.1




                             Market Share (%)
Company/Group                            2000   1999   1998

State Farm Group                         14.9   15.9   16.7
Allstate Insurance Group                  9.8   10.3   10.6
Zurich/Farmers Group                      5.9    5.8    6.0
Nationwide Group                          4.5    4.3    4.2
Progressive Group                         4.5    4.6    4.0

Berkshire Hathaway                        4.1    3.6    3.1
Travelers/Citigrp Co                      2.8    2.7    2.7
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos                 2.8    2.7    2.8
USAA Group                                2.6    2.4    2.4
Amer Intern Group Inc                     2.2    2.1    1.8

Hartford Insurance Group                  1.8    1.8    1.7
CNA Insurance Co                          1.8    1.9    1.9
Amer Family Insurance Group               1.6    1.6    1.6
Safeco Insurance Cos                      1.5    1.6    1.6
CGU Group                                 1.5    1.5    1.5

Great Amer P&C Group                      1.2    1.1    1.3
MetLife Auto&Home Group                   1.1    1.0    1.1
St Paul Cos                               1.0    0.9    1.0
Erie Insurance Group                      1.0    1.0    1.0
Prudential of Am Group                    1.0    1.0    1.1

Calif State Auto Group                    1.0    1.0    1.0
Royal & SunAlliance                       0.9    1.0    1.0
Allmerica P & C Cos                       0.8    0.8    0.6
Mercury General Group                     0.8    0.9    0.9
GMAC Ins Group                            0.8    0.8    0.9

Total U.S. Companies                    100.0  100.0  100.0




                             Adjusted Loss Ratio [1]
Company/Group                                   2000  1999  1998

State Farm Group                                81.3  69.1  69.1
Allstate Insurance Group                        71.4  61.1  53.7
Zurich/Farmers Group                            74.3  70.6  68.5
Nationwide Group                                72.1  68.2  65.9
Progressive Group                               74.1  64.6  55.1

Berkshire Hathaway                              83.4  74.5  66.3
Travelers/Citigrp Co                            77.1  68.1  63.5
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos                       84.4  73.5  75.8
USAA Group                                      85.2  78.4  94.5
Amer Intern Group Inc                           81.6  71.5  68.1

Hartford Insurance Group                        68.3  66.6  65.8
CNA Insurance Co                                75.3  80.7  54.2
Amer Family Insurance Group                     68.3  70.4  57.2
Safeco Insurance Cos                            79.1  74.6  63.5
CGU Group                                       94.3  72.0  73.5

Great Amer P&C Group                            70.1  64.1  63.8
MetLife Auto&Home Group                         67.9  65.9  59.4
St Paul Cos                                     70.8  57.8  87.2
Erie Insurance Group                            71.5  63.6  62.8
Prudential of Am Group                          56.6  57.6  54.9

Calif State Auto Group                          70.2  79.8  61.2
Royal & SunAlliance                             73.3  68.6  68.2
Allmerica P & C Cos                             76.3  79.0  82.2
Mercury General Group                           59.4  56.2  45.3
GMAC Ins Group                                  66.4  72.5  75.5

Total U.S. Companies                            76.3  69.8  66.4



                                 % of
                              Company
Company/Group                Premiums

State Farm Group                 38.3
Allstate Insurance Group         42.0
Zurich/Farmers Group             26.9
Nationwide Group                 38.9
Progressive Group                59.3

Berkshire Hathaway               52.1
Travelers/Citigrp Co             21.9
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos        25.5
USAA Group                       38.3
Amer Intern Group Inc            14.5

Hartford Insurance Group         22.7
CNA Insurance Co                 15.0
Amer Family Insurance Group      35.7
Safeco Insurance Cos             27.1
CGU Group                        26.4

Great Amer P&C Group             29.4
MetLife Auto&Home Group          44.6
St Paul Cos                      15.4
Erie Insurance Group             38.0
Prudential of Am Group           45.4

Calif State Auto Group           48.2
Royal & SunAlliance              18.4
Allmerica P & C Cos              29.8
Mercury General Group            55.2
GMAC Ins Group                   34.8

Total U.S. Companies             26.8
Auto Physical Damage, Top Writers--2000


                                2000 Direct        %
                           Premiums Written  Premium  Market Share (%)
Company/Group                 ($ Thousands)   Change              2000

State Farm Group                 $9,686,718     -1.4              17.0
Allstate Insurance Group          6,438,714      2.0              11.3
Zurich/Farmers Group              3,386,548     -5.3               6.0
Progressive Group                 2,478,378      4.7               4.4
Nationwide Group                  2,280,360      8.6               4.0

Berkshire Hathaway                2,238,970     18.0               3.9
USAA Group                        1,901,706     11.8               3.3
Travelers/Citigrp Co              1,306,869      6.8               2.3
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos         1,298,866      7.2               2.3
Amer Family Ins Group             1,163,917      8.0               2.0

Amer Intern Group Inc               946,355     19.3               1.7
Hartford Insurance Group            892,012     10.2               1.6
Safeco Insurance Cos                876,951      2.3               1.5
CNA Ins Co                          734,049     -1.9               1.3
CGU Group                           691,532      2.8               1.2

MetLife Auto&Home Group             680,882     12.5               1.2
Calif State Auto Group              654,271      6.4               1.2
Erie Insurance Group                589,379      8.4               1.0
GMAC Insurance Group                579,816      8.3               1.0
Auto Club Group                     575,679     -2.6               1.0

Great Amer P&C Group                549,201     19.2               1.0
Allmerica P & C Cos                 546,834      7.3               1.0
Auto-Owners Group                   529,965     15.1               0.9
Auto Club So Cal Group              529,491      8.3               0.9
Mercury General Group               486,124      0.6               0.9

Total U.S. Companies            $56,819,247      4.2             100.0





                                         Adjusted Loss Ratio [1]
Company/Group               1999   1998                     2000  1999

State Farm Group            18.0   18.9                     78.8  70.3
Allstate Insurance Group    11.6   11.7                     57.7  55.3
Zurich/Farmers Group         6.6    6.7                     70.0  63.9
Progressive Group            4.3    3.8                     63.4  60.0
Nationwide Group             3.9    3.8                     73.7  64.4

Berkshire Hathaway           3.5    3.0                     70.2  67.5
USAA Group                   3.1    2.9                     66.0  70.9
Travelers/Citigrp Co         2.2    2.1                     63.8  63.7
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos    2.2    2.3                     65.9  65.2
Amer Family Ins Group        2.0    1.9                     72.6  65.3

Amer Intern Group Inc        1.5    1.3                     71.8  71.1
Hartford Insurance Group     1.5    1.3                     66.6  64.8
Safeco Insurance Cos         1.6    1.6                     67.2  64.3
CNA Ins Co                   1.4    1.3                     78.7  56.5
CGU Group                    1.2    1.3                     66.0  64.2

MetLife Auto&Home Group      1.1    1.1                     65.9  61.1
Calif State Auto Group       1.1    1.2                     77.4  85.0
Erie Insurance Group         1.0    1.0                     62.3  59.9
GMAC Insurance Group         1.0    1.1                     61.8  56.6
Auto Club Group              1.1    1.2                     69.5  59.7

Great Amer P&C Group         0.8    1.0                     66.2  60.4
Allmerica P & C Cos          0.9    1.0                     65.1  65.5
Auto-Owners Group            0.8    0.8                     73.1  70.0
Auto Club So Cal Group       0.9    0.8                     69.7  65.7
Mercury General Group        0.9    0.8                     59.1  54.4

Total U.S. Companies       100.0  100.0                     68.4  64.4




                                     % of
                                  Company
Company/Group              1998  Premiums

State Farm Group           71.5      29.4
Allstate Insurance Group   56.4      32.7
Zurich/Farmers Group       65.2      18.4
Progressive Group          57.7      38.7
Nationwide Group           61.9      23.1

Berkshire Hathaway         64.3      33.4
USAA Group                 91.9      33.6
Travelers/Citigrp Co       63.7      12.1
Liberty Mut Insurance Cos  67.7      14.1
Amer Family Ins Group      76.5      30.8

Amer Intern Group Inc      68.3       7.3
Hartford Insurance Group   66.3      13.1
Safeco Insurance Cos       65.0      18.7
CNA Ins Co                 62.7       7.2
CGU Group                  65.5      14.9

MetLife Auto&Home Group    63.4      32.5
Calif State Auto Group     84.4      39.0
Erie Insurance Group       57.0      26.7
GMAC Insurance Group       61.5      29.6
Auto Club Group            60.2      51.8

Great Amer P&C Group       59.6      16.4
Allmerica P & C Cos        67.3      22.8
Auto-Owners Group          76.5      23.2
Auto Club So Cal Group     71.1      39.6
Mercury General Group      59.1      38.5

Total U.S. Companies       65.5      18.1



(1)Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by the
difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid to
policyholders.

Source: A.M. Best Statement and Competitive Analysis Report Products
Total Auto, Top Writers By State--2000

($ Thousands)


                                         % of      %
                  No. of        Direct   U.S.  Prem.
State       Rank    Cos.      Premiums  Total   Chg.  ALR [1]

Ala.          25     495    $2,101,029    1.5    9.0     67.9
Alaska        48     297       299,901    0.2    3.8     71.5
Ariz.         19     542     2,630,414    1.9    3.2     70.9
Ark.          32     480     1,267,110    0.9    0.1     75.2
Calif          1     559    15,532,247   11.0    2.3     70.2

Colo.         20     492     2,598,353    1.8    5.0     70.7
Conn.         24     418     2,197,063    1.6    1.4     65.8
Del.          44     391       514,988    0.4    4.6     73.8
D.C.          51     329       222,899    0.2    1.3     63.2
Fla.           4     614     8,764,830    6.2    2.7     79.7

Ga.           10     597     4,357,786    3.1    3.4     66.3
Hawaii        43     238       531,252    0.4   -3.5     50.5
Idaho         41     424       571,779    0.4    4.0     70.6
Ill.           7     640     5,541,203    3.9    2.2     73.0
Ind.          16     619     2,831,531    2.0    1.8     72.7

Iowa          31     510     1,287,960    0.9    3.0     69.1
Kan.          30     483     1,327,085    0.9    3.5     68.1
Ky.           27     520     1,929,088    1.4    1.8     74.6
La.           22     505     2,390,951    1.7   -0.2     85.3
Maine         42     311       570,235    0.4    2.5     65.5

Md.           15     500     2,991,116    2.1    3.7     71.8
Mass.         11     327     4,290,002    3.0   11.9     66.5
Mich.          8     470     5,263,270    3.7    0.6     82.6
Minn.         17     489     2,715,525    1.9    3.6     70.8
Miss.         33     502     1,190,629    0.8    3.0     73.3

Mo.           18     560     2,678,318    1.9    2.1     68.9
Mont.         45     397       437,115    0.3    5.7     76.7
Neb.          38     464       836,795    0.6    1.5     70.1
Nev.          34     439     1,157,913    0.8    1.9     69.7
N.H.          39     314       642,850    0.5    3.1     66.0

N.J.           6     424     5,766,406    4.1    0.6     72.7
N.M.          37     420       848,412    0.6   -0.8     63.0
N.Y.           3     509     9,682,593    6.9    0.8     80.4
N.C.          12     466     3,866,591    2.7   -0.3     68.7
N.D.          47     402       304,699    0.2    1.6     79.1

Ohio           9     628     5,106,041    3.6    1.6     73.1
Okla.         29     497     1,615,479    1.1    3.0     71.2
Ore.          28     482     1,716,789    1.2    0.5     68.7
Pa.            5     589     6,260,730    4.4   -0.1     73.2
R.I.          40     362       599,545    0.4    2.9     67.8

S.C.          26     473     1,976,924    1.4    5.1     79.7
S.D.          46     423       349,063    0.2    2.3     66.1
Tenn.         21     581     2,527,566    1.8    2.1     70.5
Texas          2     607     9,791,129    6.9    1.6     77.7
Utah          35     457       979,919    0.7    1.7     70.0

Vt.           49     313       289,680    0.2    3.6     66.3
Va.           13     531     3,371,949    2.4    6.0     68.0
Wash.         14     488     3,044,475    2.2    2.1     71.6
W. Va.        36     404       939,089    0.7    1.2     73.3
Wis.          23     562     2,289,983    1.6    1.3     76.4
Wyo.          50     349       245,459    0.2    1.8     71.2

U.S. Total         1,550  $141,243,754  100.0    2.3     73.1




                       Market Share
                             Agency      Direct
State       DDCCE [2]    Writer [3]  Writer [4]

Ala.              3.0          35.2        64.8
Alaska            3.5          25.1        74.9
Ariz.             2.6          29.6        70.4
Ark.              2.0          29.8        70.2
Calif             4.3          37.4        62.6

Colo.             2.5          28.7        71.3
Conn.             3.5          49.1        50.9
Del.              3.1          33.3        66.7
D.C.              2.8          26.7        73.3
Fla.              4.2          35.8        64.2

Ga.               2.2          39.6        60.4
Hawaii            2.6          50.4        49.6
Idaho             3.2          36.1        63.9
Ill.              3.7          33.8        66.2
Ind.              3.0          43.2        56.8

Iowa              2.4          46.8        53.2
Kan.              1.7          28.4        71.6
Ky.               2.6          41.3        58.7
La.               7.0          34.7        65.3
Maine             2.0          57.0        43.0

Md.               2.3          29.6        70.4
Mass.             2.6          78.7        21.3
Mich.             2.3          37.1        62.9
Minn.             3.0          37.8        62.2
Miss.             3.1          37.4        62.6

Mo.               2.1          29.8        70.2
Mont.             3.2          40.3        59.7
Neb.              2.0          37.8        62.2
Nev.              4.3          29.7        70.3
N.H.              1.5          46.4        53.6

N.J.              6.5          39.8        60.2
N.M.              2.9          30.0        70.0
N.Y.              6.1          45.4        54.6
N.C.              1.5          30.2        69.8
N.D.              2.2          50.0        50.0

Ohio              2.5          52.9        47.1
Okla.             2.7          32.3        67.7
Ore.              2.7          37.4        62.6
Pa.               3.3          48.3        51.7
R.I.              2.7          42.7        57.3

S.C.              2.4          29.6        70.4
S.D.              2.0          52.1        47.9
Tenn.             3.0          34.2        65.8
Texas             3.3          32.3        67.7
Utah              2.2          30.3        69.7

Vt.               2.6          52.8        47.2
Va.               2.3          29.4        70.6
Wash.             3.3          37.5        62.5
W. Va.            3.7          30.9        69.1
Wis.              3.1          45.0        55.0
Wyo.              2.1          34.9        65.1

U.S. Total        3.5          39.0        61.0




                                           %
                                      Market
State       Leading Writer             Share

Ala.        State Farm Group            20.2
Alaska      Allstate Ins Group          24.3
Ariz.       Zurich/Farmers Group        15.2
Ark.        State Farm Group            20.1
Calif       Zurich/Farmers Group        12.1

Colo.       State Farm Group            20.0
Conn.       Allstate Insurance Group    12.4
Del.        Nationwide Group            21.4
D.C.        Berkshire Hathaway          26.8
Fla.        State Farm Group            18.9

Ga.         State Farm Group            21.6
Hawaii      State Farm Group            16.7
Idaho       State Farm Group            13.9
Ill.        State Farm Group            25.5
Ind.        State Farm Group            18.8

Iowa        State Farm Group            15.8
Kan.        State Farm Group            17.9
Ky.         Kentucky F B Group          16.9
La.         State Farm Group            29.3
Maine       CGU Group                   14.1

Md.         State Farm Group            16.3
Mass.       Commerce Group Inc          20.3
Mich.       Auto Club Group             17.7
Minn.       State Farm Group            19.3
Miss.       State Farm Group            22.5

Mo.         State Farm Group            19.2
Mont.       State Farm Group            19.1
Neb.        State Farm Group            19.7
Nev.        Zurich/Farmers Group        15.1
N.H.        Liberty Mut Ins Cos         11.4

N.J.        State Farm Group            14.7
N.M.        State Farm Group            19.2
N.Y.        Allstate Insurance Group    16.0
N.C.        Nationwide Group            17.2
N.D.        State Farm Group            12.3

Ohio        State Farm Group            16.0
Okla.       Zurich/Farmers Group        19.0
Ore.        State Farm Group            17.6
Pa.         State Farm Group            15.5
R.I.        MetLife Auto&Home Group     10.0

S.C.        State Farm Group            25.4
S.D.        State Farm Group            14.1
Tenn.       State Farm Group            19.2
Texas       State Farm Group            19.6
Utah        State Farm Group            16.7

Vt.         Allstate Insurance Group    11.6
Va.         State Farm Group            15.2
Wash.       Zurich/Farmers Group        14.4
W. Va.      State Farm Group            27.5
Wis.        Amer Family Ins Grp         22.0
Wyo.        State Farm Group            20.8

U.S. Total  State Farm Group            15.8




                                              %
                                         Market
State       Second Leader                 Share

Ala.        Alfa Insurance Group           15.6
Alaska      State Farm Group               22.3
Ariz.       State Farm Group               14.9
Ark.        Southern F B Group             14.7
Calif       State Farm Group               11.4

Colo.       Zurich/Farmers Group           15.1
Conn.       Travelers/CitigrpCo             7.8
Del.        State Farm Group               18.9
D.C.        State Farm Group               18.2
Fla.        Allstate Insurance Group       15.3

Ga.         Allstate Insurance Group       11.1
Hawaii      Amer Intern Group Inc          15.1
Idaho       Zurich/Farmers Group           13.8
Ill.        Allstate Insurance Group       10.0
Ind.        United F B of Ind Group         8.0

Iowa        Nationwide Group                9.7
Kan.        Zurich/Farmers Group           13.0
Ky.         State Farm Group               15.4
La.         Allstate Insurance Group       14.1
Maine       State Farm Group                9.9

Md.         Allstate Insurance Group       15.1
Mass.       Arbella Insurance Group        12.7
Mich.       State Farm Group               14.8
Minn.       Zurich/Farmers Group           11.5
Miss.       Southern F B Group             12.6

Mo.         Amer Family Insurance Group    15.1
Mont.       Zurich/Farmers Group           13.8
Neb.        Amer Family Insurance Group     8.7
Nev.        State Farm Group               14.5
N.H.        State Farm Group               10.2

N.J.        New Jersey Mfrs Group          10.6
N.M.        Zurich/Farmers Group           15.5
N.Y.        Berkshire Hathaway             10.1
N.C.        State Farm Group               11.4
N.D.        Amer Family Insurance Group    10.6

Ohio        Nationwide Group               10.9
Okla.       State Farm Group               17.5
Ore.        Zurich/Farmers Group           16.9
Pa.         Erie Insurance Group           12.8
R.I.        Allstate Insurance Group        9.5

S.C.        Allstate Insurance Group       14.8
S.D.        Amer Family Ins Group          11.5
Tenn.       Tennessee Frmrs Cos            15.0
Texas       Allstate Insurance Group       14.7
Utah        Zurich/Farmers Group           16.3

Vt.         State Farm Group                7.9
Va.         Allstate Ins Group             12.0
Wash.       State Farm Group               12.8
W. Va.      Nationwide Group               19.1
Wis.        State Farm Group               10.3
Wyo.        Zurich/Farmers Group           13.1

U.S. Total  Allstate Insurance Group       10.4



(1)ALR: Adjusted loss ratio is direct lossess incurred divided by
the differences between direct premiums earned and dividends paid
to policyholders.

(2)DDCCE: Direct defense and cost-containment expense ratio is the
former allocated loss adjustment expense (ALAE) ratio.

(3)Insurers that distribute primarily through independent agents.

(4)Insurers that distribute primarily through a direct-selling system
or an exclusive agency system.

For more information about custom data, call (908) 439-2200, ext. 5383.

Source: A.M. Best Statement and Competitive Analysis Report Products
Private-Passenger Auto, Top Writers By State-2000

($ Thousands)


                                         % Of      %
                  No. Of        Direct   U.S.  Prem.
State       Rank    Cos.      Premiums  Total   Chg.  ALR [1]

Ala.          25     292    $1,763,677    1.5    9.4     64.8
Alaska        47     136       255,512    0.2    2.7     75.3
Ariz.         17     340     2,323,813    1.9    2.7     69.7
Ark.          31     281     1,060,097    0.9   -0.9     72.2
Calif          1     391    13,525,525   11.2    1.4     70.8

Colo.         20     310     2,254,689    1.9    3.3     71.0
Conn.         23     259     1,909,753    1.6    0.9     64.4
Del.          44     217       435,223    0.4    3.1     74.8
D.C.          51     184       195,157    0.2    2.6     64.9
Fla.           4     408     7,547,450    6.3    2.2     79.3

Ga.           10     379     3,744,191    3.1    2.7     64.1
Hawaii        43     121       455,401    0.4   -2.8     52.7
Idaho         42     233       455,831    0.4    2.0     70.1
Ill.           7     436     4,615,872    3.8    0.3     72.2
Ind.          16     404     2,350,777    2.0    0.7     71.6

Iowa          32     305     1,031,656    0.9    1.3     67.8
Kan.          30     293     1,113,343    0.9    2.6     67.8
Ky.           27     323     1,638,529    1.4    0.5     73.4
La.           22     312     2,017,611    1.7   -1.2     84.4
Maine         41     193       474,161    0.4    1.1     63.8

Md.           15     289     2,622,204    2.2    2.7     72.0
Mass.         11     165     3,720,920    3.1   13.3     65.3
Mich.          8     268     4,590,144    3.8   -0.5     84.0
Minn.         18     315     2,312,882    1.9    2.4     70.4
Miss.         34     284       967,971    0.8    2.1     70.1

Mo.           19     364     2,264,582    1.9    0.6     67.3
Mont.         45     213       337,452    0.3    3.6     77.3
Neb.          38     273       669,305    0.6   -0.2     68.6
Nev.          33     241     1,020,459    0.8    0.2     67.4
N.H.          39     203       547,605    0.5    1.7     65.8

N.J.           6     251     4,864,368    4.0   -0.6     72.4
N.M.          37     235       725,795    0.6   -2.6     63.0
N.Y.           3     360     8,175,222    6.8    0.1     78.7
N.C.          12     270     3,247,494    2.7   -2.1     69.2
N.D.          49     221       241,487    0.2    0.2     78.7

Ohio           9     407     4,337,941    3.6    0.5     67.0
Okla.         29     291     1,361,994    1.1    2.1     69.4
Ore.          28     283     1,464,223    1.2   -1.5     68.3
Pa.            5     378     5,341,078    4.4   -1.1     71.7
R.I.          40     217       527,235    0.4    2.1     68.4

S.C.          26     258     1,689,227    1.4    4.4     78.8
S.D.          46     231       270,033    0.2   -0.8     68.2
Tenn.         21     365     2,076,894    1.7    1.0     69.3
Texas          2     405     8,413,277    7.0    0.9     76.6
Utah          35     263       825,719    0.7    0.0     69.7

Vt.           48     199       244,474    0.2    3.0     66.9
Va.           13     341     2,935,575    2.4    5.3     66.7
Wash.         14     298     2,674,107    2.2    0.9     71.2
W.Va.         36     225       809,356    0.7    0.2     73.1
Wis.          24     364     1,885,513    1.6    0.4     76.6
Wyo.          50     180       195,540    0.2   -1.5     69.6

U.S. Total         1,305  $120,528,341  100.0    1.4     72.3




                       Market Share
                             Agency      Direct
State       DDCCE [2]    Writer [3]  Writer [4]

Ala.              2.2          28.6        71.4
Alaska            3.2          19.8        80.2
Ariz.             2.2          24.5        75.5
Ark.              1.6          22.6        77.4
Calif             3.9          32.8        67.2

Colo.             2.4          22.8        77.2
Conn.             3.4          45.4        54.6
Del.              3.0          26.1        73.9
D.C.              3.2          18.9        81.1
Fla.              3.9          31.0        69.0

Ga.               1.8          34.8        65.2
Hawaii            2.5          43.4        56.6
Idaho             2.8          25.7        74.3
Ill.              3.2          25.1        74.9
Ind.              2.8          37.0        63.0

Iowa              2.0          39.4        60.6
Kan.              1.5          21.0        79.0
Ky.               2.2          35.5        64.5
La.               6.1          27.8        72.2
Maine             1.7          53.1        46.9

Md.               2.1          23.9        76.1
Mass.             2.4          76.8        23.2
Mich.             2.2          31.8        68.2
Minn.             2.9          31.6        68.4
Miss.             2.3          29.6        70.4

Mo.               1.7          23.4        76.6
Mont.             3.0          29.4        70.6
Neb.              1.5          28.6        71.4
Nev.              3.7          24.2        75.8
N.H.              1.5          42.1        57.9

N.J.              6.6          33.2        66.8
N.M.              2.5          23.5        76.5
N.Y.              5.6          39.4        60.6
N.C.              1.2          22.9        77.1
N.D.              1.9          42.0        58.0

Ohio              2.0          48.4        51.6
Okla.             2.1          24.8        75.2
Ore.              2.4          31.4        68.6
Pa.               3.0          43.5        56.5
R.I.              2.3          37.8        62.2

S.C.              2.1          23.2        76.8
S.D.              2.0          44.9        55.1
Tenn.             2.3          26.1        73.9
Texas             2.5          25.8        74.2
Utah              2.2          23.0        77.0

Vt.               2.2          50.0        50.0
Va.               2.0          23.5        76.5
Wash.             3.2          32.4        67.6
W.Va.             3.7          24.4        75.6
Wis.              2.6          39.3        60.7
Wyo.              1.9          24.7        75.3

U.S. Total        3.1          33.1        66.9




                                           %
                                      Market
State       Leading Writer             Share

Ala.        State Farm Group            23.2
Alaska      Allstate Insurance Group    27.4
Ariz.       State Farm Group            16.3
Ark.        State Farm Group            23.1
Calif       State Farm Group            12.6

Colo.       State Farm Group            22.3
Conn.       Allstate Insurance Group    13.9
Del.        Nationwide Group            24.2
D.C.        Berkshire Hathaway          30.5
Fla.        State Farm Group            21.4

Ga.         State Farm Group            24.5
Hawaii      State Farm Group            19.2
Idaho       State Farm Group            16.4
Ill.        State Farm Group            29.8
Ind.        State Farm Group            22.0

Iowa        State Farm Group            18.9
Kan.        State Farm Group            20.4
Ky.         Kentucky F B Group          19.5
La.         State Farm Group            33.8
Maine       CGU Group                   12.3

Md.         State Farm Group            18.2
Mass.       Commerce Group Inc          22.2
Mich.       Auto Club Group             20.3
Minn.       State Farm Group            21.6
Miss.       State Farm Group            26.9

Mo.         State Farm Group            21.8
Mont.       State Farm Group            23.4
Neb.        State Farm Group            23.8
Nev.        State Farm Group            15.9
N.H.        State Farm Group            11.5

N.J.        State Farm Group            17.2
N.M.        State Farm Group            21.7
N.Y.        Allstate Insurance Group    18.2
N.C.        Nationwide Group            19.6
N.D.        State Farm Group            14.6

Ohio        State Farm Group            18.3
Okla.       Zurich/Farmers Group        21.1
Ore.        State Farm Group            19.7
Pa.         State Farm Group            17.7
R.I.        MetLife Auto&Home Group     11.3

S.C.        State Farm Group            28.9
S.D.        State Farm Group            17.1
Tenn.       State Farm Group            22.7
Texas       State Farm Group            22.2
Utah        State Farm Group            19.0

Vt.         Allstate Insurance Group    13.4
Va.         State Farm Group            17.0
Wash.       Zurich/Farmers Group        14.9
W.Va.       State Farm Group            31.0
Wis.        Amer Family Ins Group       26.4
Wyo.        State Farm Group            24.4

U.S. Total  State Farm Group            17.9




                                              %
                                         Market
State       Second Leader                 Share

Ala.        Alfa Insurance Group           18.6
Alaska      State Farm Group               24.4
Ariz.       Zurich/Farmers Group           15.6
Ark.        Southern F B Group             16.8
Calif       Zurich/Farmers Group           12.5

Colo.       Zurich/Farmers Group           15.9
Conn.       Berkshire Hathaway              8.2
Del.        State Farm Group               21.9
D.C.        State Farm Group               20.6
Fla.        Allstate Insurance Group       16.8

Ga.         Allstate Insurance Group       12.5
Hawaii      Amer Intern Group Inc          16.4
Idaho       Zurich/Farmers Group           15.9
Ill.        Allstate Insurance Group       11.8
Ind.        United F B of Ind Group         9.2

Iowa        Nationwide Group               10.9
Kan.        Amer Family Insurance Group    14.5
Ky.         State Farm Group               17.7
La.         Allstate Insurance Group       16.2
Maine       State Farm Group               11.5

Md.         Allstate Insurance Group       16.9
Mass.       Arbella Insurance Group        12.0
Mich.       State Farm Group               16.4
Minn.       Amer Family Ins Group          13.4
Miss.       Southern F B Group             15.2

Mo.         Amer Family Insurance Group    17.6
Mont.       Zurich/Farmers Group           16.7
Neb.        Amer Family Insurance Group    10.7
Nev.        Allstate Insurance Group       15.7
N.H.        Liberty Mut Insurance Cos      11.1

N.J.        New Jersey Mfrs Group          11.6
N.M.        Zurich/Farmers Group           16.9
N.Y.        Berkshire Hathaway             11.9
N.C.        State Farm Group               13.0
N.D.        Amer Family Ins Group          13.2

Ohio        Nationwide Group               12.2
Okla.       State Farm Group               20.0
Ore.        Zurich/Farmers Group           17.9
Pa.         Allstate Insurance Group       14.7
R.I.        Allstate Insurance Group       10.6

S.C.        Allstate Insurance Group       17.1
S.D.        Amer Family Ins Group          14.5
Tenn.       Tennessee Farmers Cos          17.9
Texas       Allstate Insurance Group       16.6
Utah        Allstate Insurance Group       18.7

Vt.         State Farm Group                9.0
Va.         Allstate Insurance Group       13.5
Wash.       State Farm Group               14.1
W.Va.       Nationwide Group               20.5
Wis.        State Farm Group               12.0
Wyo.        Zurich/Farmers Group           15.1

U.S. Total  Allstate Insurance Group       11.8



(1)ALR: Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by
the difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid
to policyholders.

(2)DDCCE: Direct defense and cost containment expense ratio is the
former allocated loss adjustment expense (ALAE) ratio.

(3)Insurers that distribute primarily through independent agents.
(4)Insurers that distribute primarily through a direct-selling
system or an exclusive agency system.

For more information about custom data, call (908) 439-2200, ext.
5383.

Source: A.M. Best Statement and Competitive Analysis Report Products
Total Commercial Auto, Top Writers By State--2000


                                        % of      %
                  No. of       Direct   U.S.  Prem.
State       Rank    Cos.     Premiums  Total   Chq.  ALR [1]

Ala.          23     389     $337,353    1.6    7.2     83.8
Alaska        50     249       44,389    0.2   10.3     48.8
Ariz.         24     402      306,601    1.5    7.5     80.4
Ark.          33     383      207,013    1.0    5.4     91.0
Calif.         1     436    2,006,721    9.7    9.0     66.0

Colo.         22     382      343,664    1.7   18.0     68.4
Conn.         27     344      287,310    1.4    4.6     74.8
Del.          43     315       79,765    0.4   13.7     68.5
D.C.          51     266       27,742    0.1   -6.9     52.9
Fla.           4     457    1,217,380    5.9    5.8     82.2

Ga.           11     450      613,595    3.0    7.9     79.9
Hawaii        45     204       75,851    0.4   -7.8     37.7
Idaho         39     339      115,948    0.6   12.7     72.5
III.           5     488      925,330    4.5   12.6     77.2
Ind.          13     470      480,755    2.3    7.5     78.5

Iowa          28     394      256,304    1.2   10.3     74.4
Kan.          32     379      213,742    1.0    8.3     69.7
Ky.           25     402      290,558    1.4   10.3     81.9
La.           19     389      373,340    1.8    6.0     90.4
Maine         41     254       96,074    0.5    9.8     74.1

Md.           21     400      368,913    1.8   11.8     70.4
Mass.         12     283      569,081    2.7    3.7     73.6
Mich.          9     405      673,126    3.2    8.9     73.1
Minn          18     389      402,642    1.9   11.2     73.7
Miss.         31     389      222,658    1.1    7.2     87.5

Mo.           16     428      413,737    2.0   11.0     77.4
Mont.         40     317       99,663    0.5   13.8     74.6
Neb.          34     356      167,490    0.8    9.1     76.4
Nev.          36     344      137,454    0.7   16.9     87.3
N.H.          42     264       95,245    0.5   11.9     66.8

N.J.           7     357      902,038    4.4    7.6     74.3
N.M.          38     336      122,617    0.6   11.1     62.9
N.Y.           2     404    1,507,371    7.3    4.9     90.2
N.C.          10     397      619,097    3.0   10.2     65.7
N.D.          47     311       63,213    0.3    7.2     80.5

Ohio           8     477      768,100    3.7    8.6    108.1
Okla.         29     395      253,485    1.2    8.1     81.1
Ore.          30     373      252,565    1.2   14.0     71.1
Pa.            6     470      919,651    4.4    6.2     81.5
R.I.          46     292       72,311    0.3    9.4     63.6

S.C.          26     381      287,697    1.4    9.2     84.7
S.D.          44     332       79,030    0.4   14.7     58.8
Tenn.         14     449      450,672    2.2    7.8     76.3
Texas          3     508    1,377,852    6.7    5.7     84.5
Utah          35     353      154,200    0.7   11.6     72.0

Vt.           49     259       45,206    0.2    7.2     62.9
Va.           15     417      436,374    2.1   11.0     77.2
Wash.         20     374      370,368    1.8   11.7     74.7
W.Va.         37     322      129,732    0.6    7.6     74.4
Wis.          17     432      404,469    2.0    5.4     75.4
Wyo.          48     278       49,919    0.2   17.0     77.6

U.S. Total         1,166  $20,715,413  100.0    8.2     78.2




                        Market Share
                       Agency Direct
State       DDCCE [2]     Writer [3]  Writer [4]

Ala.              7.2           69.5        30.5
Alaska            5.3           55.9        44.1
Ariz.             5.9           68.3        31.7
Ark.              4.1           66.8        33.2
Calif.            7.1           68.5        31.5

Colo.             3.2           67.6        32.4
Conn.             4.1           74.2        25.8
Del.              3.8           72.8        27.2
D.C.              0.3           81.8        18.2
Fla.              6.5           65.7        34.3

Ga.               4.6           69.3        30.7
Hawaii            3.3           92.3         7.7
Idaho             4.8           76.9        23.1
III.              6.1           76.8        23.2
Ind.              4.0           73.6        26.4

Iowa              4.2           76.7        23.3
Kan.              2.9           67.1        32.9
Ky.               5.2           73.7        26.3
La.              11.6           72.0        28.0
Maine             3.3           76.5        23.5

Md.               3.5           70.5        29.5
Mass.             4.0           90.9         9.1
Mich.             2.8           72.9        27.1
Minn              3.6           73.9        26.1
Miss.             6.9           71.0        29.0

Mo.               4.2           64.4        35.6
Mont.             3.9           77.0        23.0
Neb.              4.1           74.7        25.3
Nev.              9.7           70.1        29.9
N.H.              1.8           70.8        29.2

N.J.              5.9           75.5        24.5
N.M.              4.9           68.6        31.4
N.Y.              9.1           78.5        21.5
N.C.              2.8           68.8        31.2
N.D.              3.6           80.3        19.7

Ohio              5.4           78.2        21.8
Okla.             6.4           72.0        28.0
Ore.              4.4           72.2        27.8
Pa.               4.5           75.8        24.2
R.I.              5.3           79.0        21.0

S.C.              3.7           67.5        32.5
S.D.              1.9           77.1        22.9
Tenn.             6.3           71.7        28.3
Texas             8.3           72.4        27.6
Utah              2.2           69.4        30.6

Vt.               4.6           67.9        32.1
Va.               4.6           69.1        30.9
Wash.             4.7           74.2        25.8
W.Va.             3.6           71.5        28.5
Wis.              5.2           71.9        28.1
Wyo.              2.7           74.7        25.3

U.S. Total        5.7           72.7        27.3




                                             %
                                        Market
State       Leading Writer               Share

Ala.        Zurich/Farmers Group           7.0
Alaska      Alaska Nat Ins Co             13.2
Ariz.       Zurich/Farmers Group          12.7
Ark.        Travelers/Citigrp Co           7.0
Calif.      Zurich/Farmers Group           9.3

Colo.       Zurich/Farmers Group           9.6
Conn.       Travelers/Citigrp Co          11.1
Del.        Travelers/Citigrp Co          11.2
D.C.        Travelers/Citigrp Co          11.9
Fla.        Zurich/Farmers Group           8.2

Ga.         Zurich/Farmers Group           7.3
Hawaii      CNA Insurance Cos             26.0
Idaho       Travelers/Citigrp Co           9.0
III.        Travelers/Citigrp Co           6.0
Ind.        Liberty Mut Ins Cos            9.0

Iowa        Old Republic Gen Group         9.3
Kan.        Old Republic Gen Group         7.1
Ky.         CNA Ins Cos                    5.4
La.         HDI U S Group                  9.9
Maine       CGU Group                     23.0

Md.         Erie Insurance Group           6.4
Mass.       Arbella Insurance Group       17.1
Mich.       Auto-Owners Group             12.2
Minn        Old Republic Gen Group        11.3
Miss.       St Paul Cos                   11.5

Mo.         Zurich/Farmers Group          10.2
Mont.       Travelers/Citigrp Co          11.2
Neb.        Old Republic Gen Group        14.4
Nev.        Zurich/Farmers Group          13.5
N.H.        Liberty Mut Ins Cos           13.4

N.J.        Selective Ins Group Inc        7.2
N.M.        CNA Insurance Cos              9.2
N.Y.        Travelers/Citigrp Co           8.0
N.C.        Travelers/Citigrp Co           8.2
N.D.        Old Republic Gen Group        19.1

Ohio        Cincinnati Insurance Cos       8.8
Okla.       Nat Amer Insurance Co (OK)     7.6
Ore.        Zurich/Farmers Group          11.4
Pa.         Erie Insurance Group           8.5
R.I.        Travelers/Citigrp Co          11.8

S.C.        Zurich/Farmers Group           7.2
S.D.        Old Republic Gen Group        15.0
Tenn.       Liberty Mut Ins Cos            8.3
Texas       Zurich/Farmers Group           8.6
Utah        Zurich/Farmers Group          11.0

Vt.         Liberty Mut Ins Cos           11.8
Va.         Liberty Mut Ins Cos            6.7
Wash.       Safeco Insurance Cos          14.5
W.Va.       Nationwide Group              11.0
Wis.        Winterthur Swiss Group         8.5
Wyo.        Old Republic Gen Group        13.1

U.S. Total  Zurich/Farmers Group           6.5




                                           %
                                      Market
State       Second Leader              Share

Ala.        Auto-Owners Group            6.6
Alaska      Zurich/Farmers Group        11.4
Ariz.       Auto-Owners Group            6.6
Ark.        St Paul Cos                  5.9
Calif.      Liberty Mut Ins Cos          5.5

Colo.       Travelers/Citigrp Co         9.6
Conn.       Hartford Insurance Group     9.6
Del.        Nationwide Group             6.0
D.C.        Hartford Insurance Group    10.7
Fla.        Auto-Owners Group            6.3

Ga.         Travelers/Citigrp Co         6.5
Hawaii      Fairfax Fin (US) Group      22.8
Idaho       Safeco Insurance Cos         8.6
III.        Zurich/Farmers Group         4.7
Ind.        Auto-Owners Group            6.0

Iowa        Traveles/Citigrp Co          7.5
Kan.        EMC Insrance Cos             5.8
Ky.         Liberty Mut Ins Cos          4.9
La.         CNA Ins Cos                  7.8
Maine       Allmerica P & Cos           12.4

Md.         Zurich/Farmers Group         6.1
Mass.       Travelers/Citigrp Co        11.8
Mich.       Allmerica P & C Cos          9.9
Minn        Auto-Owners Group            8.2
Miss.       Zurich/Farmers Group         8.8

Mo.         Travelers/Citigrp Co         7.2
Mont.       Safeco Insurance Cos         8.0
Neb.        Travelers/Citigrp Co         8.0
Nev.        CGU Group                    9.3
N.H.        W R Berkely Group           10.2

N.J.        Zurich/Farmers Group         5.7
N.M.        Zurich/Farmers Group         7.4
N.Y.        CNA Insurance Cos            7.4
N.C.        Zurich/Farmers Group         5.4
N.D.        Travelers/Citigrp Co         8.1

Ohio        Westfield Group              7.0
Okla.       Zurich/Farmers Group         7.4
Ore.        Safeco Insurance Cos        10.3
Pa.         Zurich/Farmers Group         6.6
R.I.        CGU Group                    7.1

S.C.        Auto-Owners Group            6.7
S.D.        CGU Group                   10.4
Tenn.       CNA Insurance Cos            5.8
Texas       State National Cos           5.6
Utah        CGU Group                    8.0

Vt.         W R Berkley Group            8.8
Va.         Travelers/Citigrp Co         6.4
Wash.       Zurich/Farmers Group        11.0
W.Va.       St Paul Cos                  8.6
Wis.        Old Republic Gen Group       6.7
Wyo.        CGU Group                   10.0

U.S. Total  Travelers/Citigrp Co         6.0



(1)ALR: Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by
the difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid
to policyholders.

(2)DDCCE: Direct defense and cost containment expense ratio is the
former allocated loss adjustment expense (ALAE) ratio.

(3)Insurers that distribute primarily through independent agents.

(4)Insurers that distribute primarily through a direct-selling
system or an exclusive agency system. For more information about
custom data, call (908) 439-2200, ext. 5383.

Source: A.M. Best Statement and Competitive Analysis Report Products
Auto Liability, Top Writers By State-2000

($ Thousands)


                                        % of      %
                  No. of       Direct   U.S.  Prem.
State       Rank    Cos.     Premiums  Total   Chg.  ALR [1]

Ala.          27     474   $1,162,049    1.4   13.4     71.9
Alaska        47     282      181,786    0.2    3.6     80.4
Ariz.         18     523    1,533,066    1.8    0.6     70.1
Ark.          31     463      725,883    0.9   -0.5     78.3
Calif.         1     533    9,370,626   11.1    0.5     70.1

Colo.         19     476    1,517,812    1.8    3.9     77.2
Conn.         22     408    1,421,725    1.7    0.3     67.9
Del.          42     372      345,412    0.4    2.4     77.8
D.C.          50     317      128,333    0.2   -2.5     64.8
Fla.           3     589    5,870,146    7.0    2.6     84.3

Ga.           10     575    2,296,429    2.7    2.5     75.5
Hawaii        40     228      386,466    0.5   -4.8     47.0
Idaho         44     402      326,415    0.4    3.5     77.8
III.           7     617    3,090,381    3.7    0.6     71.0
Ind.          16     595    1,631,572    1.9    0.7     71.8

Iowa          32     491      706,255    0.8    0.9     66.3
Kan.          33     465      665,968    0.8    2.4     73.0
Ky.           25     499    1,232,749    1.5    1.2     78.6
La.           21     483    1,448,338    1.7   -2.2     83.9
Maine         43     300      331,852    0.4   -0.5     68.9

Md.           15     475    1,845,920    2.2    2.0     72.3
Mass.          9     313    2,777,567    3.3   12.6     64.0
Mich.         11     452    2,232,533    2.6   -0.3     96.0
Minn.         17     471    1,614,054    1.9    0.8     65.8
Miss.         34     481      638,002    0.8    4.1     81.8

Mo.           20     540    1,504,366    1.8    1.6     72.4
Mont.         45     376      242,277    0.3    5.2     83.8
Neb.          38     443      444,853    0.5   -0.6     74.1
Nev.          30     422      755,405    0.9   -0.3     73.4
N.H.          41     300      370,399    0.4    1.7     68.4

N.J.           6     404    3,641,850    4.3   -2.2     87.6
N.M.          37     397      507,999    0.6   -1.8     67.8
N.Y.           2     490    6,576,380    7.8    0.5     91.0
N.C.          12     447    2,219,718    2.6   -3.0     73.0
N.D.          49     385      152,532    0.2    0.1     61.1

Ohio           8     601    3,071,066    3.6    1.2     75.6
Okla.         29     473      929,788    1.1    2.2     76.6
Ore.          28     463    1,063,032    1.3    0.4     72.9
Pa.            5     562    3,854,682    4.6   -0.8     76.9
R.I.          39     349      400,495    0.5    0.1     72.6

S.C.          26     445    1,177,907    1.4    5.5     80.4
S.D.          46     407      186,890    0.2    0.1     66.4
Tenn.         23     560    1,398,536    1.7    1.7     74.5
Texas          4     586    5,798,359    6.9   -0.5     75.3
Utah          36     437      569,455    0.7    0.5     75.3

Vt.           48     303      155,589    0.2    2.1     70.1
Va.           13     512    2,054,969    2.4    4.4     67.7
Wash.         14     470    1,890,312    2.2   -0.1     75.8
W.Va.         35     382      572,255    0.7   -1.2     78.4
Wis.          24     545    1,280,049    1.5   -0.9     67.9
Wyo.          51     329      124,005    0.1    1.1     81 8

U.S. Total          1521  $84,424,508  100.0    1.1     76.3




                       Market Share
                             Agency      Direct
State       DDCCE [2]    Writer [3]  Writer [4]

Ala.              4.9          37.2        62.8
Alaska            5.5          27.8        72.2
Ariz.             4.1          31.8        68.2
Ark.              3.2          32.4        67.6
Calif.            6.4          39.4        60.6

Colo.             4.0          31.3        68.7
Conn.             5.1          50.5        49.5
Del.              4.4          34.5        65.5
D.C.              4.5          31.0        69.0
Fla.              6.0          37.0        63.0

Ga.               3.8          43.8        56.2
Hawaii            3.3          51.8        48.2
Idaho             5.1          37.5        62.5
III.              6.1          37.1        62.9
Ind.              4.8          45.0        55.0

Iowa              3.9          49.2        50.8
Kan.              3.1          31.3        68.7
Ky.               3.8          42.2        57.8
La.              10.9          37.5        62.5
Maine             3.0          59.4        40.6

Md.               3.5          31.7        68.3
Mass.             3.5          79.4        20.6
Mich.             4.9          39.5        60.5
Minn.             4.6          39.9        60.1
Miss.             5.3          39.6        60.4

Mo.               3.4          32.0        68.0
Mont.             5.4          41.8        58.2
Neb.              3.5          40.2        59.8
Nev.              6.2          31.0        69.0
N.H.              2.2          47.8        52.2

N.J.             10.0          41.3        58.7
N.M.              4.5          30.3        69.7
N.Y.              8.8          47.3        52.7
N.C.              2.4          31.5        68.5
N.D.              4.0          52.8        47.2

Ohio              3.8          53.7        46.3
Okla.             4.4          34.1        65.9
Ore.              4.0          39.3        60.7
Pa.               4.9          49.1        50.9
R.I.              3.7          44.9        55.1

S.C.              3.6          31.0        69.0
S.D.              3.4          54.1        45.9
Tenn.             5.1          36.2        63.8
Texas             4.7          34.0        66.0
Utah              3.6          32.8        67.2

Vt.               4.3          54.0        46.0
Va.               3.6          31.1        68.9
Wash.             5.1          39.1        60.9
W.Va.             5.7          32.6        67.4
Wis.              5.0          47.1        52.9
Wyo.              3.7          37.8        62.2

U.S. Total        5.4          41.0        59.0




                                           %
                                      Market
State       Leading Writer             Share  Second Leader

Ala.        State Farm Group            19.1  Alfa Insurance Group
Alaska      Allstate Insurance Group    22.8  State Farm Group
Ariz.       Zurich/Farmers Group        14.9  State Farm Group
Ark.        State Farm Group            18.6  Southern F B Group
Calif.      Zurich/Farmers Group        12.0  State Farm Group

Colo.       State Farm Group            17.7  Zurich/Farmers Group
Conn.       Allstate Insurance Group    11.4  Travelers/Citigrp Co
Del.        Nationwide Group            22.0  State Farm Group
D.C.        Berkshire Hathaway          24.6  State Farm Group
Fla.        State Farm Group            18.9  Allstate Insurance Group

Ga.         State Farm Group            18.9  Allstate Insurance Group
Hawaii      State Farm Group            16.9  Amer Intern Group Inc
Idaho       State Farm Group            13.8  Zurich/Farmers Group
III.        State Farm Group            24.0  Allstate Insurance Group
Ind.        State Farm Group            17.8  United F B of Ind Group

Iowa        State Farm Group            14.3  Nationwide Group
Kan.        State Farm Group            16.6  Zurich/Farmers Group
Ky.         Kentucky F B Group          16.5  State Farm Group
La.         State Farm Group            28.0  Allstate Insurance Group
Maine       CGU Group                   13.9  State Farm Group

Md.         State Farm Group            15.2  Allstate Insurance Group
Mass.       Commerce Group Inc          19.9  Arbella Insurance Group
Mich.       Auto Club Group             16.6  State Farm Group
Minn.       State Farm Group            18.3  Amer Family Ins Group
Miss.       State Farm Group            21.1  Southern F B Group

Mo.         State Farm Group            17.7  Amer Family Ins Group
Mont.       State Farm Group            18.8  Zurich/Farmers Group
Neb.        State Farm Group            18.4  Amer Family Ins Group
Nev.        Zurich/Farmers Group        15.5  State Farm Group
N.H.        Liberty Mut Ins Cos         11.6  State Farm Group

N.J.        State Farm Group            13.5  New Jersey Mfrs Group
N.M.        State Farm Group            19.3  Zurich/Farmers Group
N.Y.        Allstate Insurance Group    15.3  State Farm Group
N.C.        Nationwide Group            16.9  State Farm Group
N.D.        State Farm Group            11.2  Amer Family Ins Group

Ohio        State Farm Group            14.9  Nationwide Group
Okla.       Zurich/Farmers Group        19.1  State Farm Group
Ore.        Zurich/Farmers Group        16.9  State Farm Group
Pa.         State Farm Group            15.3  Erie Ins Group
R.I.        MetLife Auto&Home Gr         9.3  Nationwide Group

S.C.        State Farm Group            24.4  Allstate Insurance Group
S.D.        State Farm Group            13.5  Amer Family Ins Group
Tenn.       State Farm Group            18.5  Tennessee Farmers Cos
Texas       State Farm Group            18.9  Allstate Ins Group
Utah        Zurich/Farmers Group        16.1  State Farm Group

Vt.         Allstate Insurance Group    10.6  Concord Group Ins Cos
Va.         State Farm Group            14.4  Nationwide Group
Wash.       Zurich/Farmers Group        14.8  State Farm Group
W.Va.       State Farm Group            25.0  Nationwide Group
Wis.        Amer Family Ins Group       20.3  State Farm Group
Wyo.        State Farm Group            20.1  Zurich/Farmers Group

U.S. Total  State Farm Group            14.9  Allstate Ins Group




                 %
            Market
State        Share

Ala.          14.8
Alaska        21.6
Ariz.         14.8
Ark.          12.4
Calif.        11.5

Colo.         14.6
Conn.          7.9
Del.          17.8
D.C.          17.7
Fla.          14.1

Ga.            9.6
Hawaii        14.7
Idaho         13.5
III.           8.7
Ind.           7.7

Iowa           9.7
Kan.          13.0
Ky.           15.3
La.           12.5
Maine          9.4

Md.           13.8
Mass.         13.1
Mich.         13.1
Minn.         11.3
Miss.         11.8

Mo.           14.1
Mont.         14.3
Neb.           8.3
Nev.          14.6
N.H.          10.6

N.J.          11.3
N.M.          15.6
N.Y.          10.0
N.C.          10.5
N.D.           9.9

Ohio          11.9
Okla.         17.2
Ore.          16.4
Pa.           12.1
R.I.           9.3

S.C.          13.6
S.D.          10.8
Tenn.         13.6
Texas         14.3
Utah          15.9

Vt.            8.3
Va.           12.1
Wash.         12.3
W.Va.         20.1
Wis.           9.6
Wyo.          12.9

U.S. Total     9.8



(1)ALR: Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by the
difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid to
policyholders.

(2)DDCCE: Direct defense and cost containment expense ratio is the
former allocated loss adjustment expense (ALAE) ratio.

(3)Insurers that distribute primarily through independent agents.

(4)Insurers that distribute primarily through a direct-selling system
or an exclusive agency system.

For more information about custom data,
call (908) 439-2200, ext. 5383.

Source: A.M. Best Statement and Competitive Analysis Report Products
Auto Physical Damage, Top Writers By State-2000

($ Thousands)


                                        % of      %
                  No. Of       Direct   U.S.  Prem.
State       Rank     Cos     Premiums  Total   Chg.  ALR [1]

Ala.          24     451     $938,980    1.7    4.1     63.0
Alaska        50     252      118,115    0.2    4.0     57.9
Ariz.         20     482    1,097,348    1.9    7.0     72.1
Ark.          33     435      541,227    1.0    0.9     71.0
Calif.         1     502    6,161,620   10.8    5.3     70.3

Colo.         21     440    1,080,541    1.9    6.7     61.4
Conn.         26     359      775,338    1.4    3.6     61.9
Del.          44     339      169,576    0.3    9.4     65.5
D.C.          51     266       94,566    0.2    7.1     60.9
Fla.           5     552    2,894,683    5.1    3.0     70.3

Ga.            9     548    2,061,357    3.6    4.5     55.9
Hawaii        47     185      144,785    0.3   -0.0     60.0
Idaho         40     378      245,364    0.4    4.6     61.0
III.           6     594    2,450,822    4.3    4.3     75.5
Ind.          14     567    1,199,959    2.1    3.4     74.0

Iowa          31     451      581,705    1.0    5.6     72.5
Kan.          29     438      661,118    1.2    4.6     63.1
Ky.           27     464      696,339    1.2    3.0     67.6
La.           23     434      942,613    1.7    3.2     87.5
Maine         41     274      238,383    0.4    7.0     60.6

Md.           17     453    1,145,196    2.0    6.5     71.0
Mass.         12     265    1,512,434    2.7   10.6     71.0
Mich.          4     419    3,030,737    5.3    1.2     72.8
Minn.         19     446    1,101,471    1.9    8.1     78.5
Miss.         32     443      552,627    1.0    1.8     63.6

Mo.           15     507    1,173,953    2.1    2.7     64.3
Mont.         43     344      194,838    0.3    6.3     67.7
Neb.          36     405      391,942    0.7    4.0     65.5
Nev.          35     387      402,508    0.7    6.2     62.5
N.H.          39     279      272,451    0.5    5.0     62.5

N.J.           8     364    2,124,555    3.7    5.8     46.6
N.M.          38     373      340,414    0.6    0.8     55.9
N.Y.           3     445    3,106,213    5.5    1.3     57.9
N.C.          11     415    1,646,873    2.9    3.6     63.0
N.D.          46     340      152,168    0.3    3.1     97.2

Ohio          10     563    2,034,975    3.6    2.2     69.3
Okla.         28     446      685,691    1.2    4.0     63.8
Ore.          30     436      653,756    1.2    0.6     62.0
Pa.            7     538    2,406,047    4.2    1.1     67.2
R.I.          42     308      199,050    0.4    9.0     57.8

S.C.          25     424      799,017    1.4    4.5     78.6
S.D.          45     372      162,173    0.3    5.1     65.8
Tenn.         18     536    1,129,030    2.0    2.7     65.5
Texas          2     525    3,992,769    7.0    4.9     81.2
Utah          34     405      410,463    0.7    3.4     62.7

Vt.           48     282      134,091    0.2    5.4     62.0
Va.           13     483    1,316,980    2.3    8.7     68.6
Wash.         16     435    1,154,164    2.0    5.9     64.6
W.Va.         37     350      366,834    0.6    5.2     65.1
Wis.          22     501     1009,933    1.8    4.2     87.1
Wyo.          49     310      121,454    0.2    2.5     60.2

U.S. Total         1,481  $56,819,247  100.0    4.2     68.4




                       Market Share
                             Agency      Direct
State       DDCCE [2]    Writer [3]  Writer [4]

Ala.              0.6          32.7        67.3
Alaska            0.5          20.9        79.1
Ariz.             0.5          26.5        73.5
Ark.              0.4          26.3        73.7
Calif.            1.1          34.3        65.7

Colo.             0.4          25.0        75.0
Conn.             0.5          46.6        53.4
Del.              0.5          30.8        69.2
D.C.              0.3          20.8        79.2
Fla.              0.7          33.4        66.6

Ga.               0.4          35.0        65.0
Hawaii            0.6          46.7        53.3
Idaho             0.5          34.2        65.8
III.              0.7          29.6        70.4
Ind.              0.5          40.9        59.1

Iowa              0.5          44.0        56.0
Kan.              0.4          25.5        74.5
Ky.               0.4          39.6        60.4
La.               0.9          30.3        69.7
Maine             0.6          53.6        46.4

Md.               0.4          26.2        73.8
Mass.             0.9          77.4        22.6
Mich.             0.3          35.3        64.7
Minn.             0.5          34.8        65.2
Miss.             0.7          34.9        65.1

Mo.               0.4          26.9        73.1
Mont.             0.4          38.4        61.6
Neb.              0.3          35.2        64.8
Nev.              0.9          27.2        72.8
N.H.              0.5          44.4        55.6

N.J.              0.4          37.1        62.9
N.M.              0.4          29.7        70.3
N.Y.              0.4          41.5        58.5
N.C.              0.2          28.5        71.5
N.D.              0.4          47.2        52.8

Ohio              0.4          51.7        48.3
Okla.             0.5          29.8        70.2
Ore.              0.5          34.2        65.8
Pa.               0.5          46.9        53.1
R.I.              0.6          38.3        61.7

S.C.              0.5          27.6        72.4
S.D.              0.4          49.9        50.1
Tenn.             0.4          31.8        68.2
Texas             1.2          29.9        70.1
Utah              0.3          26.9        73.1

Vt.               0.6          51.3        48.7
Va.               0.3          26.7        73.3
Wash.             0.5          34.9        65.1
W.Va.             0.5          28.3        71.7
Wis.              0.5          42.4        57.6
Wyo.              0.4          31.9        68.1

U.S. Total        0.6          35.9        64.1




                                           %
                                      Market
State       Leading Writer             Share

Ala.        State Farm Group            21.5
Alaska      Allstate Insurance Group    26.5
Ariz.       Zurich/Farmers Group        15.7
Ark.        State Farm Group            22.0
Calif.      Zurich/Farmers Group        12.2

Colo.       State Farm Group            23.3
Conn.       Allstate Insurance Group    14.2
Del.        State Farm Group            21.1
D.C.        Berkshire Hathaway          29.8
Fla.        State Farm Group            19.0

Ga.         State Farm Group            24.5
Hawaii      Amer Intern Group Inc       16.3
Idaho       Zurich/Farmers Group        14.1
III.        State Farm Group            27.5
Ind.        State Farm Group            20.3

Iowa        State Farm Group            17.7
Kan.        State Farm Group            19.3
Ky.         Kentucky F B Group          17.7
La.         State Farm Group            31.3
Maine       CGU Group                   14.3

Md.         State Farm Group            18.1
Mass.       Commerce Group Inc          20.9
Mich.       Auto Club Group             18.5
Minn.       State Farm Group            20.7
Miss.       State Farm Group            24.1

Mo.         State Farm Group            21.2
Mont.       State Farm Group            19.6
Neb.        State Farm Group            21.2
Nev.        Allstate Insurance Group    17.0
N.H.        Liberty Mut Ins Cos         11.1

N.J.        State Farm Group            16.7
N.M.        State Farm Group            19.1
N.Y.        Allstate Insurance Group    17.5
N.C.        Nationwide Group            17.6
N.D.        State Farm Group            13.5

Ohio        State Farm Group            17.7
Okla.       Zurich/Farmers Group        18.7
Ore.        State Farm Group            19.5
Pa.         State Farm Group            15.9
R.I.        MetLife Auto&Home Group     11.3

S.C.        State Farm Group            26.7
S.D.        State Farm Group            14.8
Tenn.       State Farm Group            20.0
Texas       State Farm Group            20.7
Utah        Allstate Insurance Group    18.4

Vt.         Allstate Insurance Group    12.7
Va.         State Farm Group            16.4
Wash.       State Farm Group            13.7
W.Va.       State Farm Group            31.3
Wis.        Amer Family Ins Group       24.1
Wyo.        State Farm Group            21.4

U.S. Total  State Farm Group            17.0




                                              %
                                         Market
State       Second Leader                 Share

Ala.        Alfa Insurance Group           16.6
Alaska      State Farm Group               23.2
Ariz.       State Farm Group               14.9
Ark.        Southern F B Group             17.9
Calif.      State Farm Group               11.3

Colo.       Zurich/Farmers Group           15.8
Conn.       Travelers/Citigrp Co            7.4
Del.        Nationwide Group               20.0
D.C.        State Farm Group               19.0
Fla.        Allstate Insurance Group       17.7

Ga.         Allstate Insurance Group       12.7
Hawaii      State Farm Group               16.0
Idaho       State Farm Group               13.9
III.        Allstate Insurance Group       11.7
Ind.        United F B of Ind Group         8.5

Iowa        Nationwide Group                9.8
Kan.        Zurich/Farmers Group           13.0
Ky.         State Farm Group               15.6
La.         Allstate Insurance Group       16.4
Maine       Allstate Insurance Group       11.3

Md.         Allstate Insurance Group       17.3
Mass.       Arbella Insurance Group        12.1
Mich.       State Farm Group               16.0
Minn.       Zurich/Farmers Group           12.2
Miss.       Southern F B Group             13.6

Mo.         Amer Family Insurance Group    16.4
Mont.       Zurich/Farmers Group           13.1
Neb.        Amer Family Insurance Group     9.2
Nev.        Zurich/Farmers Group           14.4
N.H.        State Farm Group                9.6

N.J.        Liberty Mut Ins Cos            10.3
N.M.        Zurich/Farmers Group           15.3
N.Y.        Berkshire Hathaway             11.1
N.C.        State Farm Group               12.7
N.D.        Amer Family Ins Group          11.3

Ohio        Progressive Group              10.9
Okla.       State Farm Group               17.9
Ore.        Zurich/Farmers Group           17.0
Pa.         Allstate Ins Group             14.3
R.I.        Allstate Ins Group             11.0

S.C.        Allstate Ins Group             16.6
S.D.        Amer Family Ins Group          12.4
Tenn.       Tennessee Farmers Cos          16.7
Texas       Allstate Ins Group             15.3
Utah        State Farm Group               17.7

Vt.         State Farm Group                7.7
Va.         Allstate Insurance Group       13.6
Wash.       Zurich/Farmers Group           13.6
W.Va.       Nationwide Group               17.7
Wis.        State Farm Group               11.2
Wyo.        Zurich/Farmers Group           13.4

U.S. Total  Allstate Insurance Group       11.3



(1)ALR: Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by the
difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid to
policyholders.

(2)DDCCE: Direct defense and cost containment expense ratio is the
former allocated loss adjustment expense (ALAE) ratio).

(3)Insurers that distribute primarily through independent agents.

(4)Insurers that distribute primarily through a direct-selling system
or an exclusive agency system.

Source: A.M. Best Statement not Competitive Analysis Report Products
Auto Reinsurance Assumed, Top Writers--2000


                                 Private-Passenger      Commercial
                                    Auto Liability  Auto Liability
                                           Assumed    Assumed from
Company                         From Nonaffiliates   Nonaffiliates

GE Reinsurance Corp                   $241,181,953    $103,675,730
American Re-insurance Co                93,490,972     144,947,107
Transatlantic Reinsurance Co           256,397,340      22,696,392
Gerling Global Re Corp of Amer         153,245,588      33,083,552

General Reinsurance Corp               113,835,027      29,419,291
Employers Reinsurance Corp              51,370,561      83,094,286
Zurich Reinsurance (NA) Inc             20,553,644      77,567,517
Everest Reinsurance Co                  42,117,856       5,424,892
Dorinco Reinsurance Co                  88,061,237               0

Partner Reinsurance Co of US            34,364,389      14,713,544
Folksamerica Reinsurance Co             18,018,041      51,150,969
PMA Capital Insurance Co                25,866,837      18,969,596
Berkley Insurance Co                     5,098,825      46,158,539
Odyssey America Reins Corp              16,423,378      21,418,506

Scor Reinsurance Co                     15,487,306       1,040,172
Swiss Reinsurance America Corp          18,180,271      12,452,824
Axa Corporate Solutions Re Co           34,840,154          -1,566
Insurance Corp of Hannover              17,847,264      10,341,503
Toa Reinsurance Co of America           28,131,488               0

QBE Reinsurance Corp                     9,521,446      10,128,085
XL Reinsurance America Inc                -235,315       9,309,999
Odyssey Reinsurance Corp                         0       8,348,032
Trenwick America Reins Corp              1,748,127       9,808,144
PartnerRe Insurance Co of NY             3,926,740       1,682,889
American Agricultural Ins Co             5,342,214               0

Total U.S. P/C Industry             $3,864,338,691  $1,656,055,389



                                 Auto Physical
                                        Damage      Total Auto
                                  Assumed from    Assumed from
                                 Nonaffiliates   Nonaffiliates

GE Reinsurance Corp               $160,641,391    $505,499,074
American Re-insurance Co            97,998,442     336,436,521
Transatlantic Reinsurance Co        47,906,007     326,999,739
Gerling Global Re Corn of Amer      74,024,300     260,353,440

General Reinsurance Corp            49,916,337     193,170,655
Employers Reinsurance Corp          29,219,958     163,684,805
Zurich Reinsurance (NA) Inc         21,083,108     119,204,269
Everest Reinsurance Co              66,643,016     114,185,764
Dorinco Reinsurance Co               3,127,627      91,188,864

Partner Reinsurance Co of US        26,664,587      75,742,520
Folksamerica Reinsurance Co            483,859      69,652,869
PMA Capital Insurance Co            16,577,271      61,413,704
Berkley Insurance Co                 9,841,720      61,099,084
Odyssey America Reins Corp          17,343,116      55,185,000

Scor Reinsurance Co                 25,715,333      42,242,811
Swiss Reinsurance America Corp       8,882,858      39,515,953
Axa Corporate Solutions Re Co        3,965,827      38,804,415
Insurance Corp of Hannover           9,929,972      38,118,739
Tea Reinsurance Co of America        4,338,658      32,470,146

QBE Reinsurance Corp                 9,442,788      29,092,319
XL Reinsurance America Inc           9,235,578      18,310,262
Odyssey Reinsurance Corp             5,162,904      13,510,936
Trenwick America Reins Corp          1,089,375      12,645,646
PartnerRe Insurance Co of NY         3,023,693       8,633,322
American Agricultural Ins Co         1,200,635       6,542,849

Total U.S. P/C Industry         $2,346,575,358  $7,866,969,438



                                                       % Total Auto
                                Total All Lines      Assumed to All
                                   Assumed from  Lines Assumed from
                                  Nonaffiliates       Nonaffiliates

GE Reinsurance Corp              $1,370,242,708                36.9
American Re-insurance Co          3,224,860,119                10.4
Transatlantic Reinsurance Co      1,541,998,030                21.2
Gerling Global Re Corn of Amer      970,192,333                26.8

General Reinsurance Corp          3,379,611,808                 5.7
Employers Reinsurance Corp        2,347,010,792                 7.0
Zurich Reinsurance (NA) Inc       1,219,313,211                 9.8
Everest Reinsurance Co            1,175,972,329                 9.7
Dorinco Reinsurance Co              178,825,163                51.0

Partner Reinsurance Co of US        348,142,557                21.8
Folksamerica Reinsurance Co         566,821,861                12.3
PMA Capital Insurance Co            392,638,744                15.6
Berkley Insurance Co                363,994,410                16.8
Odyssey America Reins Corp          599,702,580                 9.2

Scor Reinsurance Co                 422,561,961                10.0
Swiss Reinsurance America Corp    1,740,387,468                 2.3
Axa Corporate Solutions Re Co       296,532,431                13.1
Insurance Corp of Hannover          226,605,506                16.8
Tea Reinsurance Co of America       178,755,188                18.2

QBE Reinsurance Corp                148,289,011                19.6
XL Reinsurance America Inc          572,084,826                 3.2
Odyssey Reinsurance Corp            109,210,341                12.4
Trenwick America Reins Corp         213,857,795                 5.9
PartnerRe Insurance Co of NY         33,917,422                25.5
American Agricultural Ins Co        556,445,601                 1.2

Total U.S. P/C Industry         $43,151,669,490                18.2
Auto Reinsurance, Top Users--2000


                                Direct             Private-Pass.
                                Premiums          Auto Liability
                                Written                 Ceded to
Company                         Total Auto         Nonaffiliates

Continental Insurance Co        $653,583,614        $678,880,242
Clarendon National Ins Co       369,234,107          178,659,011
Liberty Mutual Insurance Co     589,097,034          137,300,797
State and County Mutual Fire    348,992,066          161,611,691
St Paul Fire & Marine Ins Co    353,257,765          114,855,429

Eagle Insurance Co              196,482,660          188,447,613
United States Fid & Guar Co     183,895,329          122,356,950
Home State County Mut Ins Co    240,060,808          118,828,732
Old American Cty Mut Fire       196,609,735           80,860,576
Maryland Casualty Co            78,869,305            90,932,206

Continental Casualty Co         242,145,159           32,407,536
Nationwide Mutual Ins Co        3,339,799,659         85,991,754
Mutual Service Casualty Ins Co  185,487,654           82,660,648
Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co   269,721,190           16,160,370
Consumers County Mutual Ins Co  136,099,508           53,324,970

Discover Reinsurance Co         0                              0
Republic Underwriters Ins Co    5,173,504             16,412,652
State National Ins Co Inc       141,176,071           47,049,489
National Union Fire Ins Co PA   182,008,346           93,767,331
Guaranty National Insurance Co  227,431,458           26,397,490

Total U.S. P/C Industry         $143,456,323,447  $4,749,339,256




                                    Commercial              Auto
                                Auto Liability          Physical
                                      Ceded to      Damage Ceded
Company                          Nonaffiliates  to Nonaffiliates

Continental Insurance Co            $2,215,889      $481,822,895
Clarendon National Ins Co          223,370,334        50,661,106
Liberty Mutual Insurance Co        149,697,138        81,347,226
State and County Mutual Fire        56,601,486       127,879,054
St Paul Fire & Marine Ins Co        57,654,775        93,665,219

Eagle Insurance Co                  20,038,549        36,225,648
United States Fid & Guar Co          2,523,511        92,500,657
Home State County Mut Ins Co        19,186,006        77,822,409
Old American Cty Mut Fire           40,920,768        73,169,272
Maryland Casualty Co                23,463,800        76,753,795

Continental Casualty Co            112,079,340        28,104,353
Nationwide Mutual Ins Co             5,944,796        71,598,223
Mutual Service Casualty Ins Co      31,253,696        48,032,180
Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co      105,961,184        23,277,200
Consumers County Mutual Ins Co       7,557,999        74,170,471

Discover Reinsurance Co             91,023,148        21,174,216
Republic Underwriters Ins Co        28,983,282        64,398,799
State National Ins Co Inc           33,977,499        25,128,000
National Union Fire Ins Co PA                0         9,917,891
Guaranty National Insurance Co      45,661,096        30,645,277

Total U.S. P/C Industry         $3,002,745,932    $3,377,132,528





                                     Total Auto         Total All
                                       Ceded To       Lines Ceded
Company                           Nonaffiliates  to Nonaffiliates

Continental Insurance Co         $1,162,919,026    $1,953,384,789
Clarendon National Ins Co           452,690,451     1,158,435,376
Liberty Mutual Insurance Co         368,345,161     1,182,869,902
State and County Mutual Fire        346,092,231       347,685,896
St Paul Fire & Marine Ins Co        266,175,423     1,024,844,978

Eagle Insurance Co                  244,711,810       250,331,179
United States Fid & Guar Co         217,381,118       394,550,321
Home State County Mut Ins Co        215,837,147       216,057,660
Old American Cty Mut Fire           194,950,616       195,181,978
Maryland Casualty Co                191,149,801       355,176,748

Continental Casualty Co             172,591,229     1,848,480,808
Nationwide Mutual Ins Co            163,534,773       413,285,618
Mutual Service Casualty Ins Co      161,946,524       213,261,820
Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co       145,398,754     1,189,306,559
Consumers County Mutual Ins Co      135,053,440       152,362,619

Discover Reinsurance Co             112,197,364       320,672,569
Republic Underwriters Ins Co        109,794,733       141,422,405
State National Ins Co Inc           106,154,988       126,135,280
National Union Fire Ins Co PA       103,685,222     1,677,913,497
Guaranty National Insurance Co      102,703,863       148,540,251

Total U.S. P/C Industry         $11,129,217,716   $55,963,825,211




                                % Total Auto
                                    Ceded to
                                   All Lines
Company                                Ceded

Continental Insurance Co                59.5
Clarendon National Ins Co               39.1
Liberty Mutual Insurance Co             31.1
State and County Mutual Fire            99.5
St Paul Fire & Marine Ins Co            26.0

Eagle Insurance Co                      97.8
United States Fid & Guar Co             55.1
Home State County Mut Ins Co            99.9
Old American Cty Mut Fire               99.9
Maryland Casualty Co                    53.8

Continental Casualty Co                  9.3
Nationwide Mutual Ins Co                39.6
Mutual Service Casualty Ins Co          75.9
Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co           12.2
Consumers County Mutual Ins Co          88.6

Discover Reinsurance Co                 35.0
Republic Underwriters Ins Co            77.6
State National Ins Co Inc               84.2
National Union Fire Ins Co PA            6.2
Guaranty National Insurance Co          69.1

Total U.S. P/C Industry                 19.9



Source: A.M. Best Statement and Competitive Analysis Report Products


Large Insurers, States Build Special Investigative Units

Software programs may be the most important tool investigators have in their fight to detect auto insurance fraud, but insurers and law enforcement also have made commitments to boost the number and size of special investigative units on the job.

Not surprisingly, the two largest property/casualty insurers, State Farm and Allstate This article is about the American insurance company. For the line of automobiles, see Allstate (automobile).

The Allstate Corporation NYSE: ALL is the largest publicly held personal lines insurer in the United States.
, have devoted considerable time and effort to their special investigative units in the past four or five years, and the companies are leading forces in the identification and prosecution of insurance fraud.

"We have done a good job of identifying fraudulent activity, especially in the northeastern north·east  
n.
1. Abbr. NE The direction or point on the mariner's compass halfway between due north and due east, or 45° east of due north.

2. An area or region lying in the northeast.

3.
 part of the country; and we have gained a great deal of experience in our techniques to investigate and resolve these claims," said Gil Ferraro Fer`ra´ro

prop. n. 1.

Geraldine Anne Ferraro erson>, a United States politician. Born in 1935, she was a congresswoman from New York in the United States Congress from 1978 to 1984, and ran unsuccessfully in 1984 a candidate for Vice
, a special investigative units consultant for State Farm, Bloomington Bloomington.

1 City (1990 pop. 51,972), seat of McLean co., central Ill.; inc. 1839. The economy is based on farming; electrical equipment is also manufactured.
, Ill. "We work with the regional SIU SIU Southern Illinois University
SIU Seafarers International Union
SIU Special Investigations Unit
SIU Schiller International University
SIU Special Investigative Unit
SIU Salem International University
SIU Societá Italiana di Urologia
 operations to develop procedures and implement the program." State Farm employs about 1,450 in its special investigative units across its 26 regions of the United States.

State Farm's Approach

State Farm's anti-fraud program has several components, Ferraro said. On the technical side, State Farm has learned to be immediately suspicious suspicious adjective Referring to the consideration of a particular disorder–eg, cancer, as a diagnostic possibility, as in 'suspicious for malignancy'  of certain types of claims. These include those on recently written policies, those with several claimants from the same accident visiting the same professionals and those that include accidents occurring on little-used roadways. He said the company wants its claims representatives to contact special investigative units when they see these red-flag scenarios.

The company uses a software product called InfoGlide for database searches in the northeastern United States. Developed by InfoGlide Corp., Austin Austin.

1 City (1990 pop. 21,907), seat of Mower co., SE Minn., on the Cedar River, near the Iowa line; inc. 1868. The commercial and industrial center of a rich farm region, it is noted as home to the Hormel meatpacking company, whose Spam Town museum
, Texas, it is a competitor of NetMap for Claims, the software the Insurance Services Office Inc. offers to insurers to help search its Claim-Search database. Ferraro said State Farm has been investigating organized claim fraud activity since before such software was available. The software products are "very expensive running into six figures for an annual license, he said.

State Farm uses InfoGlide to search the ISO database and its own because it likes the way the software allows searches or files mat are similar, but maybe not exactly the same. "The significance is that quite often you have entry errors, so that an address might appear as 4 Deer St. when it really is 14 Deer St., but it will have the same claimed loss and the same insured;' said Ferraro.

As part of the anti-fraud program, Ferraro and his staff also work to spread anti-fraud awareness to other workers, including claims personnel, agents and underwriters, so that everyone is aware of the fraudulent loss indicators. They work with State Farm's corporate law staffers to develop legislative initiatives that are helpful not only to State Farm, but the industry as a whole. To inform the public and encourage it to report any suspicious activity, they work with State Farm's public affairs Those public information, command information, and community relations activities directed toward both the external and internal publics with interest in the Department of Defense. Also called PA. See also command information; community relations; public information.  department. And Ferraro's group interfaces with law enforcement and the National Insurance Crime Bureau, a nonprofit A corporation or an association that conducts business for the benefit of the general public without shareholders and without a profit motive.

Nonprofits are also called not-for-profit corporations. Nonprofit corporations are created according to state law.
, fraud-fighting organization based in Palos Hills, Ill., that is supported by about 1,000 property/casualty insurers.

In a recent case, a State Farm special investigative unit working Out of New York City New York City: see New York, city.
New York City

City (pop., 2000: 8,008,278), southeastern New York, at the mouth of the Hudson River. The largest city in the U.S.
 filed a declaratory relief declaratory relief n. a judge's determination (called a "declaratory judgment") of the parties' rights under a contract or a statute often requested (prayed) for information in a lawsuit over a contract.  action, which in effect asks the court to relieve re·lieve
v.
1. To cause a lessening or alleviation of something, such as pain, tension, or a symptom.

2. To free an individual from pain, anxiety, or distress.
 it from the obligation to pay claims to what it believes is a fraud ring. At issue are claims in excess of $1 million. Ferraro said the special investigative unit identified a significant amount of staged-accident activity in the corridor from Philadelphia Philadelphia, ancient cities
Philadelphia, name of several ancient cities. One was in Lydia, W Asia Minor (now W Turkey). At the foot of Mt. Tmolus and near the location of modern Alaşehir, it was founded in the 2d cent. B.C.
 through New York and onto Long Island. There were 35 claim files. "We found numerous connections between vehicles and parties along with common criteria (Common Criteria for Information Technology Security) An international standard process for defining security objectives and for evaluating compliance with those objectives. The Common Criteria have largely replaced the Trusted Computer Security Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC), the Canadian  with respect to purchase of insurance policies and the accidents themselves," he said. As in many fraudulent cases, the claimants sought high personal injury protection payments and third-party liability in accidents with very slight property damage. "We're comfortable we have the information and evidence necessary to persuade TO PERSUADE, PERSUADING. To persuade is to induce to act: persuading is inducing others to act. Inst. 4, 6, 23; Dig. 11, 3, 1, 5.
     2. In the act of the legislature which declared that "if any person or persons knowingly and willingly shall aid or assist any
 the court," Ferraro said.

Allstate's Tactics

Four years ago, Allstate, North-brook, Ill., centralized cen·tral·ize  
v. cen·tral·ized, cen·tral·iz·ing, cen·tral·iz·es

v.tr.
1. To draw into or toward a center; consolidate.

2.
 its fraud-fighting resources into a separate organization instead of having them report to regional field managers, and it narrowed its focus to detection, investigation, prosecution and deterrence deterrence

Military strategy whereby one power uses the threat of reprisal to preclude an attack from an adversary. The term largely refers to the basic strategy of the nuclear powers and the major alliance systems.
 of fraud, said Ed Moran Moran

equitable councillor to King Feredach. [Irish Hist.: Brewer Dictionary, 728]

See : Justice
, assistant vice president, claims department, and head of Allstate's SIU. About 630 people work with the SIU at locations throughout the country, about 100 more than four years earlier.

Among recent activity, Moran's investigators have won nearly $21 million since March in court judgments in Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (pĕnsəlvā`nyə), one of the Middle Atlantic states of the United States. It is bordered by New Jersey, across the Delaware River (E), Delaware (SE), Maryland (S), West Virginia (SW), Ohio (W), and Lake Erie and New York , New Jersey, California California (kăl'ĭfôr`nyə), most populous state in the United States, located in the Far West; bordered by Oregon (N), Nevada and, across the Colorado River, Arizona (E), Mexico (S), and the Pacific Ocean (W).  and Washington, and they are seeking more than $39 million in four lawsuits, one in conjunction conjunction, in astronomy
conjunction, in astronomy, alignment of two celestial bodies as seen from the earth. Conjunction of the moon and the planets is often determined by reference to the sun.
 with other carriers. (See "Allstate's War on Auto Fraud in the Courtroom," below.) Moran said the company publicizes the cases for its potential deterrence value. "In virtually every lawsuit lawsuit: see procedure; tort.  we've we've  

Contraction of we have.

we've have
 filed, we've made it a point to seek as much publicity and shine as much light as possible on individuals stealing STEALING. This term imports, ex vi termini, nearly the same as larceny; but in common parlance, it does not always import a felony; as, for example, you stole an acre of my land.
     2.
 the public's money," he said.

In addition, Moran's group is involved in the legislative arena and training. Moran said his group has been "working very hard to try to get some saner rules out of the New York Legislature The New York Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of New York. It is a bicameral legislature, consisting of the lower house New York State Assembly and the upper house New York Senate. The legislature is seated at the New York State Capitol in Albany. " that address the problem of personal injury protection (PIP) coverages, primarily in reducing the amount of time a claimant has to file a claim. At the behest be·hest  
n.
1. An authoritative command.

2. An urgent request: I called the office at the behest of my assistant.
 of Allstate, Illinois Illinois, river, United States
Illinois, river, 273 mi (439 km) long, formed by the confluence of the Des Plaines and Kankakee rivers, NE Ill., and flowing SW to the Mississippi at Grafton, Ill. It is an important commercial and recreational waterway.
 in early August deemed it a crime to solicit people to participate in staged auto accidents. The practice, known as "running" and practiced by "runners runners

a defective gait in foxhounds in which affected animals are unable to gallop or jump fences.
," is now illegal in most states, Moran said.

Allstate maintains an anti-fraud training facility for its adjusters, Moran said.

Allstate uses ISO's database, but like State Farm, it does not use the NetMap for Claims software package that ISO offers. Instead, it uses Brio (Brio Technology, Palo Alto, CA, www.brio.com) A software company founded in 1989 and acquired by Hyperion Solutions Corporation in 2003 that specialized in enterprise analysis and reporting programs that run on several platforms. , another software program, as its data-mining tool for ISO's database as well as for its own database, which records about 6 million claims.

"There are other software packages out there that allow you to slice things even finer," Moran said. "We're exploring these, but we haven't have·n't  

Contraction of have not.


haven't have not
haven't have
 decided yet on one. The question is whether they can work with the volume of data we'll we'll  

Contraction of we will.


we'll we will or we shall
we'll will ~shall
 throw at it."

Long Arm of the Law

As far as cooperation from law enforcement, State Farm's Ferraro commended insurance departments in New York and New Jersey for the resource they have allocated to their fraud bureaus. "They do a very good job of interfacing with the industry, and they take action themselves or they pass on information to other agencies for resolution or investigation," he said.

Moran said New Jersey has "come a long way" in the last couple of years after decades of being "pretty lax LAX - LAnguage eXample.

A toy language used to illustrate compiler design.

["Compiler Construction", W.M. Waite et al, Springer 1984].
," he said. Its laws required insurers to take all comers all who come, or offer, to take part in a matter, especially in a contest or controversy.
- Bp. Stillingfleet.

See also: Comer
 and to provide high levels of coverage, and they encouraged insurers to push claims quickly through the system. "So there was opportunity for people to abuse the system," he said. New Jersey created a fraud bureau in 1998 and reformed its system, in part by placing limits on medical treatments per accident allowed under the PIP element of its no-fault auto insurance system.

In a May 2001 report, the Washington, D.C.-based Coalition Against Insurance Fraud said the largest fraud bureaus are in California, New York, New Jersey and Florida Florida, state, United States
Florida (flôr`ĭdə, flŏr`–), state in the extreme SE United States. A long, low peninsula between the Atlantic Ocean (E) and the Gulf of Mexico (W), Florida is bordered by Georgia and
. Ten states do not have fraud bureau--Alabama, Illinois, Indiana Indiana, state, United States
Indiana, midwestern state in the N central United States. It is bordered by Lake Michigan and the state of Michigan (N), Ohio (E), Kentucky, across the Ohio R. (S), and Illinois (W).
, Maine, Michigan Michigan (mĭsh`ĭgən), upper midwestern state of the United States. It consists of two peninsulas thrusting into the Great Lakes and has borders with Ohio and Indiana (S), Wisconsin (W), and the Canadian province of Ontario (N,E). , Oregon Oregon, city, United States
Oregon, city (1990 pop. 18,334), Lucas co., NW Ohio, a suburb adjacent to Toledo, on Lake Erie; inc. 1958. It is a port with railroad-owned and -operated docks. The city has industries producing oil, chemicals, and metal products.
, Vermont Vermont (vərmŏnt`) [Fr.,=green mountain], New England state of the NE United States. It is bordered by New Hampshire, across the Connecticut R. , West Virginia West Virginia, E central state of the United States. It is bordered by Pennsylvania and Maryland (N), Virginia (E and S), and Kentucky and, across the Ohio R., Ohio (W). Facts and Figures


Area, 24,181 sq mi (62,629 sq km). Pop.
, Wisconsin Wisconsin, state, United States
Wisconsin (wĭskŏn`sən, –sĭn), upper midwestern state of the United States. It is bounded by Lake Superior and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, from which it is divided by the Menominee
 and Wyoming Wyoming, city, United States
Wyoming, city (1990 pop. 63,891), Kent co., W Mich., in the greater Grand Rapids metropolitan area, on the Grand River; settled 1832, inc. 1959.
. (See "State Insurance Fraud Bureau Budgets--2000," page 66.) Twenty-five state fraud bureaus have police powers police powers n. from the 10th Amendment to the Constitution, which reserves to the states the rights and powers "not delegated to the United States" which include protection of the welfare, safety, health and even morals of the public. ; 13 have civil fining authority. States allocated more than $100 million to their fraud bureaus last year, led by New Jersey ($25.8 million) and California ($22.3 million), though the coalition did not have data from New York.

More states need to create insurance fraud bureaus, pass claims fraud laws, increase penalties and create new civil penalties so that carriers can get back money paid in fraudulent claims, Ferraro said.

Despite the promise of technology and the growth of special investigative units, insurance fraud is still a multibillion-dollar problem in the United States. According to the NICB NICB National Insurance Crime Bureau
NICB Nebraska Independent Community Bankers
NICB National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology (Ireland)
NICB National Intelligence Collection Board
 and the Chartered Property Casualty Underwriters Chartered Property Casualty Underwriter (CPCU) is considered to be the premier professional designation in property-casualty insurance and risk management. The rigorous curriculum includes eight (8) post-secondary undergraduate, or graduate-level courses covering topics such as  Society, which have joined forces to fight it, fraud is the second-most costly white-collar crime white-collar crime, term coined by Edward Sutherland for nonviolent crimes committed by corporations or individuals such as office workers or sales personnel (see white-collar workers) in the course of their business activities.  in the United States. Property/casualty insurance fraud accounts for at least $20 billion in losses, more than the cost of Hurricane Andrew This article is about the 1992 hurricane; there was also a Tropical Storm Andrew during the 1986 Atlantic hurricane season.

Hurricane Andrew is the second-most-destructive hurricane in U.S. history, and the last of three Category 5 hurricanes that made U.S.
 each year, the two organizations reported on their joint Web site, www.stopinsurancecheats.com corn.
State Insurance Fraud Bureau Budgets--2000


New Jersey            $25,800,000
California             22,307,000
Florida                10,400,245
Pennsylvania            9,500,000
Massachusetts           5,422,460
Virginia                3,100,000
Louisiana               1,700,000
Arizona                 1,680,000
Maryland                1,599,998
Texas                   1,572,000
North Carolina          1,105,504
Kentucky                  991,800
Utah                      911,500
Arkansas                  870,417
Nevada                    797,080
Delaware                  758,000
New Mexico                688,000
District of Columbia      638,694
Ohio                      551,910
Connecticut               400,000
Iowa                      316,068
Mississippi               300,000
Idaho                     270,000
South Carolina            250,000
Nebraska                  213,616
South Dakota              160,383
NewYork                       N/A
Alaska                        N/A
Montana                       N/A
Missouri                      N/A
New Hampshire                 N/A



Source: Coalition Against Insurance Fraud


Allstate's War on Auto Fraud in the Courtroom

Judgments for Allstate

* Allstate vs. Ozga, Pennsylvania. Judgment of $2,470,528 recorded June June: see month.  22, 2001.

* Allstate vs. Allied Trauma trauma /trau·ma/ (traw´mah) (trou´mah) pl. traumas, trau´mata   [Gr.]
1. injury.

2. psychological or emotional damage.
 & Health, New Jersey. Judgment of S7.3 million recorded March 28,2001

* Allstate vs. Hisham Mulheldin, et al., California, Judgment of $8.3 million recorded in June 2001 after a full trial in March 2001.

* Allstate vs. Hugh Hugh (pronunced hyuu) is a male given name. It is Germanic and means "Bright in Mind and Spirit" or "Thoughtful". It is related to the name Hugin( one of Odin's ravens, who represented Thought.) The following medieval rulers were named Hugh.  Nguyen, et al., Washington. Judgment of $2.7 million to be recorded in August 2001.

Pending Lawsuits

* Allstate vs. Fordham Fordham may refer to:

Companies
  • Fordham Brewing Company, a brewing company based out of Dover, Delaware
  • Fordham Company, a real estate development firm based out of Chicago, Illinois
Schools
, New York. Allstate and a few other carriers sue for $36 million.

* Allstate vs. Beck This article is about the musician. For other uses, see Beck (disambiguation).

Beck Hansen (born Bek David Campbell, July 8, 1970) is a Grammy Award-winning American musician, singer-songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, known by his simple stage name of
 Chiropractic chiropractic (kīrəprăk`tĭk) [Gr.,=doing by hand], medical practice based on the theory that all disease results from a disruption of the functions of the nerves. , North Carolina North Carolina, state in the SE United States. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean (E), South Carolina and Georgia (S), Tennessee (W), and Virginia (N). Facts and Figures


Area, 52,586 sq mi (136,198 sq km). Pop.
. Allstate sues medical provider for $2.5 million.

* Allstate vs. Advantage Medical Diagnostics (1) Software routines that test hardware components (memory, keyboard, disks, etc.). Diagnostics are often stored in ROM chips and activated on startup.

(2) Error messages in a programmer's source code that refer to statements or syntax that the compiler or assembler
, Florida. Allstate sues for alleged brokering of medical services for $500,000.

* Allstate vs. Family Chiropractic, Florida. Allstate sues network of clinics for allegedly billing for services not rendered.

Source: Allstate

How Auto Fraud Rings Work

In simpler times, insurance fraud was also more simple. Most of it was in the form of claims padding Bits or characters that fill up unused portions of a data structure, such as a field, packet or frame. Typically, padding is done at the end of the structure to fill it up with data, with the padding usually consisting of 1 bits, blank characters or null characters. See null and bit stuffing.  by individuals, a practice by which the claimants claimed they lost more than they actually did.

Today, the face of fraud has evolved from the individual to that of groups of cooperating, conniving and conspiring people. "You still have claims padding by individuals, but that's not where the big dollars are," said Diana Scranton, director of corporate communications for the software firm NetMap Analytics in Westerville, Ohio Westerville is a city in Franklin and Delaware Counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. It is a suburb of Columbus. The population was 35,318 at the 2000 census. Geography
Westerville is located at  (40.123496, -82.
. "They are with the spider-like organizations-the fraud rings-that are very professional and very well run. And insurers need to take a different look at the composition of the fraud they are paying out."

Most fraud rings make use of staged accidents, of "provider fraud," or of some combination, said Rob Doone, chief operating officer and president of the Americas Operation for NetMap Analytics. In staged accidents, ring operators recruit RECRUIT. A newly made soldier.  people to ride in vehicles that are orchestrated or·ches·trate  
tr.v. or·ches·trat·ed, or·ches·trat·ing, or·ches·trates
1. To compose or arrange (music) for performance by an orchestra.

2.
 to collide col·lide  
intr.v. col·lid·ed, col·lid·ing, col·lides
1. To come together with violent, direct impact.

2.
. Though the accidents cause little damage to the vehicles, those recruited to ride in the vehicles profess pro·fess  
v. pro·fessed, pro·fess·ing, pro·fess·es

v.tr.
1. To affirm openly; declare or claim: "a physics major
 to suffer pain, usually in injuries to the back, neck or soft tissue, which are difficult to medically prove or disprove disprove,
v to refute or to prove false by affirmative evidence to the contrary.
. In provider fraud, lawyers, doctors and chiropractors are part of the ring and milk the insurer to pay for extensive treatment of the fraudulent injuries.

Fraud rings have similar traits. They tend to operate in a defined territory and with assembly-line a. 1. Of, pertaining to, or resembling an assembly line; as, an assembly-line process; also used metaphorically, as an assembly-line educational system s>.  regularity, said Robert Hartwig, chief economist for the New York-based Insurance Information Institute. They hire "runners," or people who recruit others to take part in the staged accidents. Runners, recruits and other members of the ring share in proceeds from insurance claims paid.

"The runners invent and stage the accidents, and then the occupants of the vehicle are sent to specific medical 'clinics,'" Hartwig said. "Most of them are not places to which you'd you'd  

1. Contraction of you had.

2. Contraction of you would.


you'd you had or you would
you'd have ~would
 take your dog. Some have no doctors. For the most part, they are bill-generating offices that render (1) To make visible; to draw. The term comes from the graphics world where a rendering is an artist's drawing of what a new structure would look like. In computer-aided design (CAD), a rendering is a particular view of a 3D model that has been converted into a realistic image.  no real treatment, or treatment of only dubious value."

The treatments obtained may include massage massage (məsäzh`), treatment of superficial parts of the body by systematic rubbing, stroking, kneading, or slapping. Massages can be administered manually or with mechanical devices.  or acupuncture acupuncture (ăk`ypŭng'chər), technique of traditional Chinese medicine, in which a number of very fine metal needles are inserted into the skin at specially designated points. . The clinics send their bills to insurers as much as six months after the treatment, making it difficult for insurers to investigate, since by law, they might have as little as 30 days to pay a claim, Hartwig said. Sometimes, the staged accidents involve innocent people who are not part of the ring, and occasionally, even they are directed to the ring's clinics, he said. And sometimes the ring steals the identities of the innocent third parties so that the clinics file claims for treatments the innocent parties never receive and of which they are completely unaware.

New York has been particularly vulnerable to fraud rings, but Hartwig said New York and other states where fraud runs rampant could make conditions significantly more difficult for the rings by reducing the time within which a claim must be filed, by creating and enforcing a binding fee schedule for treatments and by creating treatment protocols for the each type of injuries. Hartwig also said states should enact tougher penalties for the fraud-ring runners.

Caught on Tape: Onboard Refers to a chip or other hardware component that is directly attached to the printed circuit board (motherboard). Contrast with offboard. See inboard.  Camera Records Staged Crash

Perpetrators of a staged auto accident may have thought they had committed the perfect fraud early this summer when the limousine they were targeting in Los Angeles Los Angeles (lôs ăn`jələs, lŏs, ăn`jəlēz'), city (1990 pop. 3,485,398), seat of Los Angeles co., S Calif.; inc. 1850.  hit their vehicle in the rear.

What they didn't immediately know, however, was that a small video camera mounted behind the limo's rear-view mirror rear-view mirror
Noun

a mirror on a motor vehicle enabling the driver to see the traffic behind

rear-view mirror rear n (Aut) → rétroviseur m

 had recorded the collision See CSMA/CD and collision avoidance system.
Collision (physics)

Any interaction between particles, aggregates of particles, or rigid bodies in which they come near enough to exert a mutual influence, generally with exchange of energy.
, providing evidence that exposed the alleged crime. The tape indicated that the driver from Music Express Limousine, a Burbank Burbank, city (1990 pop. 93,643), Los Angeles co., S Calif.; inc. 1911. Tourism and the entertainment industry are central to its economy; several motion-picture studios and television headquarters are here. Burbank's aerospace industry collapsed with the end of the Cold War. , Calif.-based service for the entertainment industry, was not responsible for the collision.

Music Express has increasingly been the target of fraud over the past year, as have other companies owning fleets of commercial vehicles. "In these cases, it is our word against theirs," said Cheryl Cheryl is a female given name and can refer to:

In crime:
  • Cheryl Bentov, Israeli Mossad agent
  • Cheryl Crane, daughter of Lana Turner and Stephen Crane
In politics:
  • Cheryl Carolus, South African politician
 Berkman The surname Berkman may refer to:
  • Alexander Berkman (1870-1936), Russian-American anarchist
  • Lance Berkman (b. 1976), American major league baseball player
  • Ted Berkman (1914-2006), American screenwriter
, president of Music Express. "Many times, we end up paying, even though it is not our fault. We now have an unbiased video of what actually happened and can easily prove who is at fault."

In this incident, the limo driver was trying to make a lane change, according to a statement by DriveCam Video Systems, the San Diego-based manufacturer of the video camera. The conspirators CONSPIRATORS. Persons guilty of a conspiracy. See 3 Bl. Com. 126-71 Wils. Rep. 210-11. See Conspiracy.  allegedly planned to use one car on the left to block the limo while another car in front stopped suddenly. When the driver of that car hit the brakes, the limo could not avoid hitting the car.

When Lancer Insurance Co., Long Beach, N.Y., received the claim and Senior Claims Examiner Ann ANN, Scotch law. Half a year's stipend over and above what is owing for the incumbency due to a minister's relict, or child, or next of kin, after his decease. Wishaw. Also, an abbreviation of annus, year; also of annates. In the old law French writers, ann or rather an, signifies a year.  Twelves learned of the video, she sent it to her best insurance investigator, who immediately recognized the "classic indicators" of a staged accident, Twelves said. The investigator said the tape "was like watching a training video from the National Insurance Crime Bureau," she said. "The video supported exactly what the limousine driver reported. The car driver and other occupants had a completely different version that was obviously rehearsed."

Lancer did not tell the claimants of the video until after they had given their testimony Oral evidence offered by a competent witness under oath, which is used to establish some fact or set of facts.

Testimony is distinguishable from evidence that is acquired through the use of written sources, such as documents.


testimony n.
, said Angelo Angelo

externally austere but inwardly violent. [Br. Lit.: Measure for Measure]

See : Hypocrisy


Angelo

asked by Isabella to cancel her brother’s death sentence, Angelo agrees if she will yield herself to him. [Br.
 Baio, manager of Lancer's special investigative unit. When they and their attorney were informed of the video, the lawyer dropped the case, and the claimants disappeared, he said. Asked why Lancer or law enforcement did not prosecute the claimants, Baio said the company followed established procedures.

The video camera is about the size of a human palm. It records video and audio continuously and in four directions, but the camera saves a portion of the videotaped events only when activated activated

a state of being more than usually active. In biological systems this is usually brought about by chemical or electrical means. Commonly said of pharmaceutical and chemical products.
 by G-forces caused by hard braking, acceleration acceleration, change in the velocity of a body with respect to time. Since velocity is a vector quantity, involving both magnitude and direction, acceleration is also a vector. In order to produce an acceleration, a force must be applied to the body. , harsh cornering or a collision. DriveCam has been installed in more than 2,000 vehicles, said DriveCam president Ed Andrew. One of DriveCam's clients, airport shuttle An airport shuttle is a shuttle bus that transports airline passengers to and from a commercial airport. Passengers wait at the shuttle stop for the bus to arrive, and at appointed areas where shuttle pick-up and drop-off are allowed at the airport.  operator Cloud cloud, aggregation of minute particles of water or ice suspended in the air. Formation of Clouds


Clouds are formed when air containing water vapor is cooled below a critical temperature called the dew point and the resulting moisture condenses into
 9, based in San Diego San Diego (săn dēā`gō), city (1990 pop. 1,110,549), seat of San Diego co., S Calif., on San Diego Bay; inc. 1850. San Diego includes the unincorporated communities of La Jolla and Spring Valley. Coronado is across the bay. , reported that it has seen a 46% reduction in accidents and a 20% drop in insurance premiums after one year of use, said Valerie Name

Valerie is a common name for a girl in both English and French. Spelt as "Valery" or "Valeri", it is a common male name in parts of Europe (particularly in France and Russia). It means brave and courageous.
 Cheskin, a publicist pub·li·cist  
n.
One who publicizes, especially a press or publicity agent.


publicist
Noun

a person, such as a press agent or journalist, who publicizes something

publicist
 for the company with Marketing & PR Strategies.

Baio said there is no better tool available to provide unbiased evidence of fault in an accident, but DriveCam is "not that common yet." The device is better applied in commercial vehicles, in that it protects owners of vehicles from bad drivers, too, Baio said. He added that Drive-Cam is the only company he knows of that manufactures the device.
COPYRIGHT 2001 A.M. Best Company, Inc.
No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder.
Copyright 2001, Gale Group. All rights reserved. Gale Group is a Thomson Corporation Company.

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Comment:Making a Dent In Auto Insurance Fraud.
Author:Panko, Ron
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Geographic Code:1USA
Date:Oct 1, 2001
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