Lower Manhattan is on the move.Lower Manhattan Lower Manhattan is the southernmost part of the island of Manhattan, the main island and center of business and government of the City of New York. Lower Manhattan is generally defined as the area delineated on the north by Chambers Street, on the west by the Hudson River (North has changed a lot since the 1620s, when it was known as New Amsterdam (see the American history play, pp. 16-19). Skyscrapers dominate this New York City New York City: see New York, city. New York City City (pop., 2000: 8,008,278), southeastern New York, at the mouth of the Hudson River. The largest city in the U.S. neighborhood--a major business and tourism area. The attacks of September 11, 2001, which killed more than 2,700 people and caused the collapse of the World Trade Center On September 11, 2001, the two main towers of the World Trade Center complex were each hit by aircraft as part of the September 11, 2001 attacks. The south tower (2 WTC) collapsed at 9:59 a.m., less than an hour after being hit, and the north tower (1 WTC) followed at 10:28 a.m. (WTC WTC World Trade Center, see there ) towers, devastated dev·as·tate tr.v. dev·as·tat·ed, dev·as·tat·ing, dev·as·tates 1. To lay waste; destroy. 2. To overwhelm; confound; stun: was devastated by the rude remark. the area. "Ground Zero" soon became a shrine to the people who were killed there. Plans for rebuilding and for permanent memorials are now under way. Here are some of the projects proposed for Ground Zero. * Tower: Including its antenna, the Freedom Tower would be 1,776 feet tall (honoring 1776, the year of U.S. independence). Not counting the antenna, it would be 1,368 feet--the height of the destroyed North Tower. So far, security concerns have stalled construction. * Memorial and museum: A memorial called Reflecting Absence--two large pools, representing the lost towers, on a tree-lined plaza--is planned. Underground, a WTC Memorial Center would include 9/11 artifacts artifacts see specimen artifacts. and--chiseled in cement--the names of everyone lost at the towers that day. * Cultural complex: If approved, an International Freedom Center (IFC (Internet Foundation Classes) A class library from Netscape that provides an application framework and graphical user interface (GUI) routines for Java programmers. IFC was later made part of the Java Foundation Classes (JFC). See JFC, AFC and AWT. See also ICF. ) would explore "humankind's enduring quest for freedom." Some proposals have been hotly debated. Many family members of people killed on 9/11 object to having the IFC at Ground Zero. The focus of the site, they say, should be on the events of 9/11 and the people who died in the Twin Towers--not on cultural displays of freedom. Beyond the proposed WTC site, Lower Manhattan has many other attractions. Some are shown on the map on the next page. The map will help you explore the area--if you know how to use a compass rose and a scale of miles. * Direction: A map's compass rose helps you determine direction. Compass roses show the four cardinal directions--north (N), east (E), south (S), and west (W). Some, like this one, also show four intermediate directions--northeast (NE), southeast (SE), southwest (SW), and northwest (NW). Example: Using the compass rose, you can see that the New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) World's largest marketplace for securities. The exchange began as an informal meeting of 24 men in 1792 on what is now Wall Street in New York City. is southeast of Ground Zero. (Note: This map's compass rose is at an angle, with north tipped slightly to the left.) Distance: A map's scale of miles helps you determine distance. Example: The Brooklyn Bridge is a little over a quarter mile long. Find this distance by taking a piece of paper and lining up its edge with the bridge. Mark each end of the bridge, then compare that measurement with the map's scale of miles. (Note: When measuring the distance between symbols, make your mark at the center of each symbol.) QUESTIONS 1. Vehicles crossing the Brooklyn Bridge toward Lower Manhattan travel in which intermediate direction? 2. City Hall and Police Plaza stand in which intermediate direction from Ground Zero? 3. The World Trade Center site is bordered on the north by which street? 4. As West Street travels north, what does it become? 5. In straight-line distance, about how far is Ground Zero from Trinity Church? 6. What is the straight-line distance from the New York Stock Exchange to South Street Seaport The South Street Seaport is a historic area in the New York City borough of Manhattan, located where Fulton Street meets the East River, and adjacent to the Financial District. The Seaport is usually considered a historical district, distinct from the neighboring Financial District. ? 7. In straight-line distance, about how far apart are the Museum of the American Indian and the Museum of Jewish Heritage The Museum of Jewish Heritage, located at 36 Battery Park Place, Manhattan (New York City, USA), was created as a living memorial to the Holocaust. The hexagonal shape and tiered roof of the building are symbolic of the six points of the Star of David and the six million Jews who ? 8. To go from the Museum of Jewish Heritage to the Staten Island ferry The Staten Island Ferry is a passenger ferry operated by the New York City Department of Transportation between Whitehall Street at the southernmost tip of Manhattan near Battery Park (South Ferry) and St. terminal, in which direction would you travel? 9. About how far apart (in straight-line distance) are those two sites? 10. From the top of Battery Park to the top of this map, about how long is the stretch of Broadway shown? 1. northwest (NW) 2. northeast (NE) 3. Vesey Street 4. the West Side Highway 5. about a quarter mile 6. about a half mile 7. about a quarter mile 8. southeast (SE) 9. about a half mile 10. about one mile |
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