London agency dissents. (News in Brief: South Africa).Among those who disagree is the London-based Catholic Institute of International Relations international relations, study of the relations among states and other political and economic units in the international system. Particular areas of study within the field of international relations include diplomacy and diplomatic history, international law, (CIIR CIIR Catholic Institute for International Relations CIIR Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval CIIR counterintelligence information report (US DoD) CIIR Canadian International Information Resource ). It has issued a statement which says that "condoms are an important element in any strategy for preventing HIV HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), either of two closely related retroviruses that invade T-helper lymphocytes and are responsible for AIDS. There are two types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is responsible for the vast majority of AIDS in the United States. ." It states that "In certain circumstances the use of condoms is a life-saving option, and that an informed use of condoms should not be discounted." "We, like many others" it adds, "do not consider this position to be counter to Church teaching." There is a plurality of views from Church leaders and thinkers about the role of condoms and CIIR welcomes the debate. "Church teaching includes an acceptance of a secondary effect (for instance, the use of the contraceptive pill to regulate menstrual cycles, although also having a contraceptive effect, is acceptable). Church teaching includes the concept of a lesser of two evils; in this instance, death/condom use." Catholic officials in England and Wales England and Wales are both constituent countries of the United Kingdom, that together share a single legal system: English law. Legislatively, England and Wales are treated as a single unit (see State (law)) for the conflict of laws. refused to comment immediately on the statement. A spokesman Mark Morley said, "The CIIR is a highly respected outfit but they are not an agency of the bishops' conference." Catholic doctor Josephine Treloar, however, rejected the idea that condoms prove an effective defence against the virus as erroneous. "Scientific papers show, "she said," that although using a condom does reduce infectivity of single acts of intercourse, it does not prevent transmission." The Catholic Herald The Catholic Herald is a British Catholic newspaper, published in broadsheet format and retailing at £1 (€1.50 in the Republic of Ireland). The current editor is Luke Coppen; and previous editors include Cristina Odone, William Oddie, Peter Stanford and Deborah Jones. for November 1, 2002, which reported the CIIR announcement, also noted the debate in the June 2001 edition of the American monthly magazine Homiletic and Pastoral Review The Homiletic & Pastoral Review is unique among religious journals in the United States in that it was the very first clergy magazine to appear in the United States and has been the leading journal of its kind for over 100 years. . Jesuits Jon Fuller and James Keenan supported the use of condoms, but were put down by Msgr. William Smith of St. Joseph's Seminary in New York New York, state, United States New York, Middle Atlantic state of the United States. It is bordered by Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and the Atlantic Ocean (E), New Jersey and Pennsylvania (S), Lakes Erie and Ontario and the Canadian province of , who rejected the claim that "secondary effect" applies to the use of condoms. "The first condition of the double effect analysis," he said, "requires that the primary action (the cause that has two effects), must itself be morally good or indifferent." He went on to say "Since the primary act here is condomistic intercourse, it is not morally good nor indifferent; indeed, it is an intrinsically disordered act to which the double effect analysis cannot apply at all." |
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