Local operating networks offer cost savings.

As local operating networks (LON) continue to be the favored electrical system being installed into new construction projects, this innovative, technology-based, distributed control system offers enhanced operating capabilities as well as significant cost savings associated with monitoring and managing power usage. Similar to a local area network (LAN), which enables computers to communicate with one another, a LON system connects electrical utilization and control equipment together, thus permitting a similar exchange across a network.

The advent of this state-of-the-art, microprocessor-based method is altering the manner in which electricians are installing today's office wiring systems. Utilizing a neuron chip, these devices can be installed into all types of electrical control equipment, including wall switches, motion sensors, temperature sensors, alarm initiators, limit switches and time clocks. As a result of being connected across a data network, power is only routed to the equipment requiring power, such as lighting fixtures and motors, while the control devices interact along this newly-established pathway.

Traditionally, branch circuits located within the drop ceiling delivered power to lighting fixtures. The switch loops from these fixtures, which were constructed of an approved 'wiring method such as BX, MC or pipe and wire, then ran to multiple locations throughout the office to provide control. In contrast, the new system incorporates LON Works modules or ballasts into the fixtures which bypass the formerly-used switch loop and wall-mounted switch method. Instead, these fixtures are wired directly to the branch circuit, and the microprocessor controls each fixture. LON Works-compatible wall switches are then installed and connected using a router with inexpensive, low-voltage twisted-pair cable or fiber optics, infrared or power line carriers. Once programmed by an electrician via a laptop computer and specialized integration software, the LON Works system mimics the traditional operating system as if it were physically wired together.

Although LON Works lighting control is one of its many applications, this technology is also being utilized in HVAC and process control, instrumentation, motor control and fire and access control. Since LON Works technology provides a means of sharing resources, its capabilities are virtually boundless. However, since these networks are generally comprised of small form factor and low-voltage wiring, they are erroneously considered line voltage systems. Because of this misconception, many of today's installers lack proper electrical training to ensure the system's safety. Some contractors even claim that, by their very nature, LON Works are not as dangerous as line voltage systems and, therefore, an electrical license and inspection are not required. As a substitute for electricians, many of these systems are being installed by pipe fitters and unskilled telecommunications workers. The fact is that these low-voltage systems are controlling line voltages and replacing current line voltage devices. Therefore, o nly highly skilled, specially trained LON Works electricians should be supervising such installations.

Since LON Works virtually mirrors the traditional electrical systems in place, specially designed educational programs are essential in supporting this safety effort. For example, the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) Local 164 offers a two-part, 45-hour LON Works training course at the Paramus, New Jersey Training Academy. From basic training in layout and installation of specific circuits to advanced system integration issues, such as software configuration and communication protocols, this distinctive program ensures instruction in the proper techniques and safety compliance.

As technology continues to evolve, electrical workers must remain abreast through ongoing education of the latest industry developments, which promise to change the landscape of all future job installations.

While cost savings are realized through the sharing of resources and the installation of certain systems, building owners and managers benefit from the ability to closely monitor and control these properties to optimize power usage. In addition, LON Works can be programmed and monitored from remote locations through the use of specially designed, Internet-based software. Furthermore, the LON Works microprocessors and intelligent devices benefit tenants by lowering energy costs and providing better control of their facilities' electrical systems.

When one considers the current energy crisis in California and projected energy shortages on a nationwide level, LON Works systems will be the rule rather than the exception. Industry projections indicate that distributive control systems will dominate in the next 10 years. In an effort to remain ahead of the technology curve, the more than 10,000 electrical workers throughout New Jersey and estimated 400,000 nationally must prepare for tomorrow.

Furthermore, developers and contractors must preserve their investments, as well as the safety and well-being of their tenants, by only contracting with these specially trained electricians to install, maintain and upgrade their Lon Works systems.

Without question, a comprehensive, flexible LON Works communication system must be orchestrated by a fully certified electrical contractor, including those who are members of the IBEW.