Letters.Which way is upstream? "Insulin inaction may hurt even nondiabetics" (SN: 9/30/00, p. 213) says elevated concentrations of glucose in the blood is "a problem that occurs downstream" of impaired response to insulin. Yet artery blockage is defined as a failure of cells to react to insulin. So, would not the problem be upstream of the impairment? Marry Morel morel Any of various species of edible mushrooms in the genera Morchella and Verpa. Morels have a convoluted or pitted head, or cap, vary in shape, and occur in diverse habitats. The edible M. Prescott, Ariz. Downstream of the impairment, here, means after--in the biochemical flow--effects first play out. In other words Adv. 1. in other words - otherwise stated; "in other words, we are broke" put differently , it's too late to eliminate the problem with good glucose control because the insulin resistance Insulin Resistance Definition Insulin resistance is not a disease as such but rather a state or condition in which a person's body tissues have a lowered level of response to insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps to regulate the level and its complications predated poor glucose control. --J. Raloff Hooked on a feeling The heading "Brains generate a body of feeling" (SN: 9/30/00, p. 216) should have been "The body generates a feeling of the brain." The whole idea of Antonio R. Damasio's theory is that bodily reactions precede brain awareness or a person's awareness of a specific emotion. William Fudge Dania, Fla. Damasio's theory is that the brain interprets bodily reactions linked to emotions and that this occurs largely outside of awareness. I tried to get this across in the heading. --B. Bower Cabbage path Medicine needs a new paradigm New Paradigm In the investing world, a totally new way of doing things that has a huge effect on business. Notes: The word "paradigm" is defined as a pattern or model, and it has been used in science to refer to a theoretical framework. . The findings described in "Fighting cancer from the cabbage patch Cabbage patch may refer to:
If you want to reduce your cancer risk, simply do what the Polish women mentioned in the story do: Eat more cabbage, sauerkraut, and brussels sprouts Brussels sprouts, variety (gemmifera) of cabbage producing small edible heads (sprouts) along the stem. It is cultivated like cabbage and was first developed in Belgium and France in the 18th cent. . We don't need expensive drug trials to start saving lives. Max Dalrymple Tucumcari, N.M Gone but not forgotten I read and reread Verb 1. reread - read anew; read again; "He re-read her letters to him" read - interpret something that is written or printed; "read the advertisement"; "Have you read Salman Rushdie?" "The making of a grand canyon" (SN: 9/30/00, p. 218), hoping to find an explanation of where all those sediments have gone. From appearances, they surely all haven't been deposited in the Gulf of California Noun 1. Gulf of California - a gulf to the west of the mainland of Mexico Sea of Cortes Mexico, United Mexican States - a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810 . Where else? Does anyone have any satisfying theories? Allen Glenn Abilene, Texas Sediments from the erosion of the Grand Canyon have ended up in several places, says Pamela Irvine, a geologist with the California Department of Conservation's Division of Mines and Geology in Los Angeles. Besides making up the river delta, such sediments line the valley of the lower Colorado River and also lie several thousand feet thick in California's Imperial Valley. Moreover, Richard Young points out that a significant fraction of the rocks in the Grand Canyon are made up of limestone and other carbonate sediments that would simply have dissolved into the river and been carried to the ocean without leaving a trace. --S. Perkins |
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