Inmate mental health--table 2: staffing.
INMATE MENTAL HEALTH--TABLE 2: STAFFING
THERAPISTS ON
SYSTEM STAFF 12-31-04 CONSIDERED ADEQUATE NUMBER
ALABAMA 132 Yes
ALASKA No response No response
ARIZONA 179 No, currently requesting
additional full-time staff
for transitional and release
planning
ARKANSAS 60 No, lack funding
CALIFORNIA 1,234 Yes
COLORADO 46 No, diagnosed population
increasing 1 percent per year
CONNECTICUT Unknown (1) Yes, the department is
consolidating services to
better utilize staff
DELAWARE 27 Yes
DISTRICT 10 No, the mental health
OF COLUMBIA population is increasing
FLORIDA No response No response
GEORGIA 358 No, due to staff cuts for
the past two years
HAWAII 17 No, there are many vacancies
and need for additional
Ph.D.s and medical doctors
IDAHO 17 Yes
ILLINOIS No response No response
INDIANA Unknown Yes
IOWA 26 No
KANSAS 68 Yes
KENTUCKY 114 No
LOUISIANA 155 Yes
MAINE No response No response
MARYLAND 37 No
MASSACHUSETTS 85 Yes
MICHIGAN 227 (2) Yes
MINNESOTA 70, approx. Yes
MISSISSIPPI 2 No
MISSOURI Unavailable Considered the minimum
necessary
MONTANA No response No response
NEBRASKA 37 No
NEVADA Unknown No
NEW HAMPSHIRE 20 No
NEW JERSEY 198 Yes
NEW MEXICO 59 No, staff is thinly distributed
at most facilities
NEW YORK 250, approx. Yes
NORTH CAROLINA No response No response
NORTH DAKOTA 6 No, could use more nurses and
social workers
OHIO 611 Yes, the state has established
ratios
OKLAHOMA Unknown
OREGON 25 No, due to increase in number
of mentally ill inmates and
acuity levels
PENNSYLVANIA 150, approx. Yes
RHODE ISLAND 10 No
SOUTH CAROLINA 54 No
SOUTH DAKOTA 14 Yes
TENNESSEE 47 No
TEXAS 368 Yes, adequate to provide a
constitutional level of care
VERMONT No response No response
UTAH 12 No
VIRGINIA No response No response
WASHINGTON 71 No
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN 106 No
WYOMING No response No response
FEDERAL BUREAU No response No response
OF PRISONS
CANADIAN SYSTEMS
NEWFOUNDLAND 3 No, there is a need for a
psychologist
NOVA SCOTIA 1 (3) Yes
ONTARIO General numbers No, not all institutions employ
are unknown (4) mental health nurses, social
workers or psychologists;
contract psychiatrist hours
vary and may not be sufficient
in all facilities
CORRECTIONAL 404 No
SERVICE CANADA
STAFF CHANGES
JAN. 1 THROUGH SPECIAL TRAINING REQUIRED FOR
SYSTEM DEC. 31, 2003 COs AND SUPERVISORS
ALABAMA Increased Yes
ALASKA No response No response
ARIZONA Remained the same Yes, medication management,
screening and identification,
referral, signs and symptoms,
inmate management
ARKANSAS Remained the same Yes, in-service training
CALIFORNIA Increased Yes, four hours of mental
health training
COLORADO Decreased Yes, at special units, optional
at other units
CONNECTICUT Remained the same Yes, four hours annually in
suicide prevention and 16 hours
far all staff in the designated
mental health facility
DELAWARE Increased Yes, at the training academy
and at local prisons
DISTRICT Remained the same Yes, 40 hours plus an
OF COLUMBIA eight-hour annual
re-certification class
FLORIDA No response No response
GEORGIA Decreased Yes, 32-hour program
HAWAII Increased Yes, training is mandatory and
some in-service training is
provided as requested
IDAHO Remained the same Yes, training officers assigned
to the mental health unit or
all those completing the
academy is done by a contract
psychologist
ILLINOIS No response No response
INDIANA Increased Yes, for staff working in
dedicated mental health units
IOWA Remained the same Currently being developed
KANSAS Increased Yes
KENTUCKY Remained the same Yes, addressing basic mental
health issues
LOUISIANA Remained the same Yes, a 16-hour course
MAINE No response No response
MARYLAND Remained the same Yes, basic and
cognitive-behavior concepts
MASSACHUSETTS Remained the same Yes, annual training on suicide
prevention and signs/symptoms
of mental illness
MICHIGAN Remained the same Yes, plus additional training
for those in residential and
inpatient programs
MINNESOTA Increased Yes, annual training on suicide
prevention and working with the
mentally ill; ongoing training
for staff working in specialty
programs
MISSISSIPPI Remained the same No
MISSOURI Remained the same Yes, covered in basic and core
training on the special needs
offender
MONTANA No response No response
NEBRASKA Remained the same Yes, four hours of pre-service
and two hours of annual
training focusing on suicide
prevention and intervention
NEVADA Remained the same Yes
NEW HAMPSHIRE Remained the same Yes
NEW JERSEY Remained the same Yes, including suicide
prevention
NEW MEXICO Remained the same Yes, mandatory for all new
cadets
NEW YORK Increased Yes, in recognizing abnormal
behavior, suicide prevention
and special housing unit
training
NORTH CAROLINA No response No response
NORTH DAKOTA Remained the same Yes, including suicide
prevention
OHIO Remained the same Yes, a two-day session for
those assigned to work
directly with mentally ill
inmates
OKLAHOMA Increased Yes
OREGON Remained the same Yes, new employee orientation
and in-service training
PENNSYLVANIA Increased Yes, two-day training for those
assigned to special needs units
RHODE ISLAND Remained the same Yes
SOUTH CAROLINA Decreased No
SOUTH DAKOTA Increased Yes, new employee training plus
suicide prevention
TENNESSEE Remained the same Yes, new employee training,
annual on-site refresher
training and quarterly special
training
TEXAS Decreased Yes, pre-service and in-service
training, including suicide
prevention; additional training
for those assigned to special
needs facilities
VERMONT No response No response
UTAH Remained the same Yes
VIRGINIA No response No response
WASHINGTON Remained the same Yes, some training provided
by the mental health staff
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN Remained the same Yes, eight hours of training,
including suicide prevention
WYOMING No response No response
FEDERAL BUREAU No response No response
OF PRISONS
CANADIAN SYSTEMS
NEWFOUNDLAND Remained the same No
NOVA SCOTIA Remained the same Yes, several weeks of training
from forensic specialists for
those assigned to the special
needs unit
ONTARIO Remained the same Yes, minimal amount; an
optional professional
development course is offered
to experienced officers
CORRECTIONAL Decreased No
SERVICE CANADA
SPECIAL TRAINING ON SECURITY ISSUES
AND PROCEDURES REQUIRED FOR
SYSTEM MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
ALABAMA Yes
ALASKA No response
ARIZONA Yes, agency and facility specific,
general security and safety
ARKANSAS Yes, three-day nonsecurity training
CALIFORNIA Yes, four hours annually, including use
of force
COLORADO Yes, all staff complete basic and 40
hours annual training
CONNECTICUT Yes, six weeks academy training upon
hire and 40 hours annual training
DELAWARE Yes, on-site training
DISTRICT Yes
OF COLUMBIA
FLORIDA No response
GEORGIA Yes, 24-hour pre-service orientation
and 20 hours in-service annual training
HAWAII No, not mandatory but is available
IDAHO Yes, 12 to 40 hours for contract staff,
depending on assignment; three-week
academy for all staff
ILLINOIS No response
INDIANA Yes, departmental basic training and
annual updates
IOWA Yes
KANSAS Yes
KENTUCKY Yes, annual training
LOUISIANA Yes, 40 hours of in-service training
MAINE No response
MARYLAND Yes, academy sessions and annual
training
MASSACHUSETTS Yes, departmental orientations
MICHIGAN Yes, 40 hours in new-employee school
MINNESOTA Yes, academy completion before facility
assignment; continuing education by
the department
MISSISSIPPI Yes, one-week academy training
MISSOURI Yes, covered in basic and core training
on the special needs offender
MONTANA No response
NEBRASKA Yes, four- to five-week pre-service and
32 hours annually of in-service for
those with direct inmate contact
NEVADA Yes
NEW HAMPSHIRE Yes
NEW JERSEY Yes, a custody orientation program
NEW MEXICO Yes, one-week orientation plus annual
refresher training
NEW YORK Yes, general facility orientation for
new employees
NORTH CAROLINA No response
NORTH DAKOTA Yes, 40 hours initial training plus
annual refresher training
OHIO Yes, two-day training sessions on signs
and symptoms, suicide prevention and
communication strategies
OKLAHOMA Yes, pre-service and in-service
OREGON Yes, new employee orientation and
in-service training
PENNSYLVANIA Yes
RHODE ISLAND Yes, new employee orientation
SOUTH CAROLINA Yes, orientation plus suicide prevention
SOUTH DAKOTA Yes
TENNESSEE Yes
TEXAS Yes, orientation training
VERMONT No response
UTAH Yes, most mental health staff are
certified as correctional officers
VIRGINIA No response
WASHINGTON Yes, six weeks of correctional worker
core training at beginning of
employment
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN Yes, four-day course at beginning of
employment, except for psychiatrists
who receive quarterly training
WYOMING No response
FEDERAL BUREAU No response
OF PRISONS
CANADIAN SYSTEMS
NEWFOUNDLAND Yes
NOVA SCOTIA Yes, included in all orientations and
on-going training
ONTARIO Yes, basic orientation to the facility
CORRECTIONAL Yes, part of overall orientation training
SERVICE CANADA
(1) CONNECTICUT: Registered nurses function in multiple capacities,
including mental health; therefore, the actual number of related
staff is unknown.
(2) MICHIGAN: The number of staff noted includes those covered in
the budgeted figures provided on Table 1 but not 107.5 institutional
psychologists and social workers.
(3) NOVA SCOTIA: The system also has access to a mentally ill
offender inpatient program and its staff.
(4) ONTARIO: Twenty-eight annualized contracts are in effect
for psychiatric services.
COPYRIGHT 2004 American Correctional Association, Inc.
No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder.
Copyright 2004 Gale, Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
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