How they voted: our final look at the 109th Congress shows how every representative and senator voted on key issues, including warrantless surveillance, the border fence, and military tribunals.House Vote Descriptions 31 Foreign Aid. The fiscal 2007 foreign aid appropriations bill (H.R. 5522) would authorize To empower another with the legal right to perform an action. The Constitution authorizes Congress to regulate interstate commerce. authorize v. to officially empower someone to act. (See: authority) $21.3 billion for foreign operations and economic assistance in fiscal 2007. Though foreign aid is supposed to help the poor and suffering in other countries, it instead has served to prop up Verb 1. prop up - support by placing against something solid or rigid; "shore and buttress an old building" prop, shore up, shore hold up, support, sustain, hold - be the physical support of; carry the weight of; "The beam holds up the roof"; "He supported economically ec·o·nom·i·cal adj. 1. Prudent and thrifty in management; not wasteful or extravagant. See Synonyms at sparing. 2. Intended to save money, as by efficient operation or elimination of unnecessary features; economic: deficient de·fi·cient adj. 1. Lacking an essential quality or element. 2. Inadequate in amount or degree; insufficient. deficient a state of being in deficit. socialist regimes and to transfer wealth from American American, river, 30 mi (48 km) long, rising in N central Calif. in the Sierra Nevada and flowing SW into the Sacramento River at Sacramento. The discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill (see Sutter, John Augustus) along the river in 1848 led to the California gold rush of taxpayers to third-world elites. The House passed H.R. 5522 on June June: see month. 9, 2006 by a vote of 373-34 (Roll Call 250). We have assigned as·sign tr.v. as·signed, as·sign·ing, as·signs 1. To set apart for a particular purpose; designate: assigned a day for the inspection. 2. pluses to the "nays" because foreign aid is unconstitutional unconstitutional adj. referring to a statute, governmental conduct, court decision or private contract (such as a covenant which purports to limit transfer of real property only to Caucasians) which violate one or more provisions of the U. S. Constitution. and unworkable. 32 Iran Military Operations This is a list of missions, operations, and projects. Missions in support of other missions are not listed independently. World War I ''See also List of military engagements of World War I
As well as a standalone program, it is the base software packaged by Zondervan in their Bible Study suites for Macintosh. with Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, which delegates to Congress alone the power to declare TO DECLARE. To make known or publish. By tho constitution of the United States, congress have power to declare war. In this sense the word, declare, signifies, not merely to make it known that war exists, but also to make war and to carry it on. 4 Dall. 37; 1 Story, Const. Sec. war. The House rejected re·ject tr.v. re·ject·ed, re·ject·ing, re·jects 1. To refuse to accept, submit to, believe, or make use of. 2. To refuse to consider or grant; deny. 3. Hinchey's amendment by a vote of 158-262 on June 20, 2006 (Roll Call 300). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because the power to declare war belongs to Congress, not to the president, and that much power should not be in the hands of one man. 33 Line-item Rescission The abrogation of a contract, effective from its inception, thereby restoring the parties to the positions they would have occupied if no contract had ever been formed. By Agreement . The legislative line-item rescission bill (H.R. 4890) would allow the president to propose cuts in spending bills already enacted by Congress. The cuts would then receive an up-or-down vote with no opportunity to filibuster filibuster, term used to designate obstructionist tactics in legislative assemblies. It has particular reference to the U.S. Senate, where the tradition of unlimited debate is very strong. It was not until 1917 that the Senate provided for cloture (i.e. or add amendments. The House passed H.R. 4890 by a vote of 247-172 on June 22, 2006 (Roll Call 317). We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because the rescission bill, though not a full-fledged full-fledged adj. 1. Having reached full development; mature. 2. Having full status or rank: a full-fledged lawyer. 3. Having fully developed adult plumage. Adj. 1. line-item veto line-i·tem veto n. Authority, as of a government executive, to reject provisions of a bill individually. Also called item veto. , would still shift some legislative power from Congress to the president, disrupting the U.S. system of checks and balances. 34 Offshore Drilling Offshore drilling typically refers to the act of extracting resources, primarily oil, in an ocean or lake. Controversy As with all oil drilling, there has been a certain level of controversy surrounding the issue. . This bill (H.R. 4761) would end the federal moratorium A suspension of activity or an authorized period of delay or waiting. A moratorium is sometimes agreed upon by the interested parties, or it may be authorized or imposed by operation of law. on most offshore oil and gas drilling. It would continue the ban within 50 miles of shore, while allowing the states the option of extending that ban out to 100 miles. It would also allow states to share in the drilling proceeds. The House passed H.R. 4761 on June 29, 2006 by a vote of 232-187 (Roll Call 356). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area. should reduce its dependency dependency In international relations, a weak state dominated by or under the jurisdiction of a more powerful state but not formally annexed by it. Examples include American Samoa (U.S.) and Greenland (Denmark). on foreign oil and utilize its own energy resources. 35 Pledge A Bailment or delivery of Personal Property to a creditor as security for a debt or for the performance of an act. Sometimes called bailment, pledges are a form of security to assure that a person will repay a debt or perform an act under contract. Protection Act. The Pledge Protection Act of 2005 (H.R. 2389) would counter judicial activism Noun 1. judicial activism - an interpretation of the U.S. constitution holding that the spirit of the times and the needs of the nation can legitimately influence judicial decisions (particularly decisions of the Supreme Court) broad interpretation to prevent the removal of the words "under God" from the pledge by restricting re·strict tr.v. re·strict·ed, re·strict·ing, re·stricts To keep or confine within limits. See Synonyms at limit. [Latin restringere, restrict- : re-, federal courts from hearing cases on this matter, as opposed op·pose v. op·posed, op·pos·ing, op·pos·es v.tr. 1. To be in contention or conflict with: oppose the enemy force. 2. to protecting the pledge by amending the Constitution. The House passed H.R. 2389 on July July: see month. 19, 2006 by a vote of 260-167 (Roll Call 385).We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because H.R. 2389 would protect the Pledge of Allegiance Pledge of Allegiance, in full, Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, oath that proclaims loyalty to the United States. and its national symbol. from federal court activism. 36 Oman Oman (ōmän`), officially Sultanate of Oman, independent sultanate (2005 est. pop. 3,002,000), c.82,000 sq mi (212,380 sq km), SE Arabian peninsula, on the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. It was formerly known as Muscat and Oman. Trade Agreement, The Oman Free Trade Agreement (H.R. 5684) would reduce most tariffs This is a list of tariffs and trade legislation:
n. Informal The quickest and most direct route to achievement of a goal, as in competing for professional advancement: "Making complaints against the public is hardly the fast track to elective office" authority, which requires Congress to expedite ex·pe·dite tr.v. ex·pe·dit·ed, ex·pe·dit·ing, ex·pe·dites 1. To speed up the progress of; accelerate. 2. consideration of presidentially negotiated trade pacts A trade pact is a wide ranging tax, tariff and trade pact that often includes investment guarantees. Trade pacts are frequently politically contentious since they may change economic customs and deepen interdependence with trade partners. without offering amendments. The Oman agreement is just one steppingstone step·ping·stone n. 1. A stone that provides a place to step, as in crossing a stream. 2. An advantageous position for advancement toward a goal. in the White House's effort to form a Middle Eastern Free Trade Area (MEFTA MEFTA Middle East Free Trade Area MEFTA US-Middle East Free Trade Agreement ) by 2013. These so-called so-called adj. 1. Commonly called: "new buildings ... in so-called modern style" Graham Greene. 2. free-trade agreements have historically failed because they encourage the relocation RELOCATION, Scotch law, contracts. To let again to renew a lease, is called a relocation. 2. When a tenant holds over after the expiration of his lease, with the consent of his landlord, this will amount to a relocation. of U.S. jobs to foreign countries so that the companies can get cheap labor. Meanwhile, they don't don't 1. Contraction of do not. 2. Nonstandard Contraction of does not. n. A statement of what should not be done: a list of the dos and don'ts. provide the United States with trade benefits--largely because the people in those countries cannot afford to buy our products--thereby harming the U.S. economy. The agreements also put our economic destiny Destiny goddess of destiny of mankind. [Gk. Myth.: Kravitz, 78] See : Fate in the hands of un-elected foreign bureaucrats, such as those at the World Trade Organization. The House passed H.R. 5684 by a vote of 221-205 on July 20, 2006 (Roll Call 392). We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because such trade agreements damage the U.S. economy and threaten U.S. sovereignty sovereignty, supreme authority in a political community. The concept of sovereignty has had a long history of development, and it may be said that every political theorist since Plato has dealt with the notion in some manner, although not always explicitly. by the imposition The printing of pages on a single sheet of paper in a particular order so that they come out in the correct sequence when cut and folded. of international regulations. The Senate voted on similar legislation in September September: see month. (see Senate vote #38). 37 Gun Seizure Forcible possession; a grasping, snatching, or putting in possession. In Criminal Law, a seizure is the forcible taking of property by a government law enforcement official from a person who is suspected of violating, or is known to have violated, the law. . The Disaster Recovery Personal Protection Act of 2006 (H.R. 5013) would prohibit pro·hib·it tr.v. pro·hib·it·ed, pro·hib·it·ing, pro·hib·its 1. To forbid by authority: Smoking is prohibited in most theaters. See Synonyms at forbid. 2. the confiscation confiscation In law, the act of seizing property without compensation and submitting it to the public treasury. Illegal items such as narcotics or firearms, or profits from the sale of illegal items, may be confiscated by the police. Additionally, government action (e.g. of firearms This is an extensive list of small arms — pistol, machine gun, grenade launcher, anti-tank rifle — that includes variants. : Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A
 Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled due to vandalism. in August
2005.H.R. 5013 was passed by the House on July 25, 2006 by a vote of 322-99 (Roll Call 401). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because confiscating firearms from law-abiding law-a·bid·ing adj. Adhering to the law. law-abiding Adjective obeying the laws: a law-abiding citizen Adj. 1. citizens is a clear violation VIOLATION. An act done unlawfully and with force. In the English stat. of 25 E. III., st. 5, c. 2, it is declared to be high treason in any person who shall violate the king's companion; and it is equally high treason in her to suffer willingly such violation. of the Constitution --the Second Amendment guarantees that our "right to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." The Senate adopted similar legislation as an amendment to the Homeland Security Noun 1. Homeland Security - the federal department that administers all matters relating to homeland security Department of Homeland Security executive department - a federal department in the executive branch of the government of the United States appropriations bill a few weeks earlier (see Senate vote #34). 38 Border Fence fence [short for defense], humanly erected barrier between two divisions of land, used to mark a legal or other boundary, to keep animals or people in or out, and sometimes as an ornament. In newly settled lands fences are usually made of materials at hand, e.g. . The Secure Fence Act of 2006 (H.R. 6061) would authorize the construction of nearly 700 miles of fencing fencing, sport of dueling with foil, épée, and saber. Modern Fencing The weapons and rules of modern fencing evolved from combat weapons and their usage. along the U.S.-Mexico border. The border fence is just the first of a series of border security initiatives that House Republicans intend to merge See mail merge and concatenate. into the Homeland Security spending bill. If implemented, the 700 miles of fencing along the border would be a good first step toward protecting our borders from the massive influx of illegal immigration "Illegal alien" and "Illegal aliens" redirect here. For other uses, see Illegal aliens (disambiguation). Illegal immigration refers to immigration across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country. facing our country today. The House passed H.R. 6061 on September 14, 2006 by a vote of 283-138 (Roll Call 446). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because such a border fence would help prevent illegal immigration and further protect our borders. The Senate passed similar legislation on September 29, 2006 (see Senate vote #40). 39 Military Tribunals A military tribunal is a kind of military court designed to try members of enemy forces during wartime, operating outside the scope of conventional criminal and civil matters. The judges are military officers and fulfill the role of jurors. It is distinct from the court martial. . This bill (H.R. 6166) would authorize a new system of military tribunals to try persons designated "unlawful enemy combatants An unlawful enemy combatant is a person detained by United States in its war on terror. Differing terminology The term "enemy combatant" was used by the Office for the Administrative Review of Detained Enemy Combatants, the body that administers Guantanamo captives' " by the president. The bill defines an unlawful enemy combatant to include a person who "has purposely pur·pose·ly adv. With specific purpose. purposely Adverb on purpose USAGE: See at purposeful. Adv. 1. and materially supported hostilities hos·til·i·ty n. pl. hos·til·i·ties 1. The state of being hostile; antagonism or enmity. See Synonyms at enmity. 2. a. A hostile act. b. hostilities Acts of war; overt warfare. against the United States or its co-belligerents." Once designated an unlawful enemy combatant, a defendant's rights would be curtailed: he would be denied the right of habeas corpus habeas corpus (hā`bēəs kôr`pəs) [Lat.,=you should have the body], writ directed by a judge to some person who is detaining another, commanding him to bring the body of the person in his custody at a specified time to a ; he could be detained de·tain tr.v. de·tained, de·tain·ing, de·tains 1. To keep from proceeding; delay or retard. 2. To keep in custody or temporary confinement: indefinitely in·def·i·nite adj. Not definite, especially: a. Unclear; vague. b. Lacking precise limits: an indefinite leave of absence. c. ; and evidence obtained through coercion coercion, in law, the unlawful act of compelling a person to do, or to abstain from doing, something by depriving him of the exercise of his free will, particularly by use or threat of physical or moral force. could be used against him--so long as the coercion falls outside the administration's definition of torture torture, the intentional infliction of severe physical or mental pain or suffering in order to intimidate, coerce, obtain information or a confession, or punish. . Critics of the tribunals bill are planning to file suit in order to test the constitutionality of the legislation. This legislation was in response to the U.S. Supreme Court's June 29 ruling on the case of Hamdan v. Rumsfeld For the case involving a United States citizen, see . Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, 126 S. Ct. 2749 (2006), is a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that military commissions set up by the Bush administration to try detainees at Guantanamo Bay lack "the , which declared de·clare v. de·clared, de·clar·ing, de·clares v.tr. 1. To make known formally or officially. See Synonyms at announce. 2. To state emphatically or authoritatively; affirm. 3. that the administration's current system for trying military detainees was unconstitutional. The House passed the military tribunals bill on September 27, 2006 by a vote of 253-168 (Roll Call 491). We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because the bill would curtail cur·tail tr.v. cur·tailed, cur·tail·ing, cur·tails To cut short or reduce. See Synonyms at shorten. [Middle English curtailen, to restrict defendant rights. The Senate passed this legislation the following day (see Senate vote #39). 40 Electronic Surveillance. The warrantless electronic surveillance bill (H.R. 5825) would allow electronic surveillance of communications with suspected terrorists without first obtaining approval from the secret courts established by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978. Furthermore, the bill would authorize unwarranted surveillance for up to 90 days in some instances if a threat was considered "imminent Impending; menacingly close at hand; threatening. Imminent peril, for example, is danger that is certain, immediate, and impending, such as the type an individual might be in as a result of a serious illness or accident. ." Intelligence agencies would be allowed to conduct warrantless surveillance for seven days prior to gaining court approval if the threat was considered an "emergency situation." This controversial bill had full support of the Bush administration as a means to provide greater national security in a post- post- word element [L.], after; behind. post- pref. 1. After; later: postpartum. 2. Behind; posterior to: postaxial. 9/11 world. The House passed H.R. 5825 on September 28, 2006 by a vote of 232-191 (Roll Call 502). We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because such a law would violate the Fourth Amendment by subjecting U.S. citizens to unreasonable searches and seizures In counterdrug operations, includes drugs and conveyances seized by law enforcement authorities and drug-related assets (monetary instruments, etc.) confiscated based on evidence that they have been derived from or used in illegal narcotics activities. . Senate Vote Descriptions 31 Minimum Wage. Senator SENATOR, government. One who is a member of a senate. 2. No person shall be a senator [of the national senate] who shall not have attained the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States and who shall not when elected, be an Ted Kennedy For other persons named Ted Kennedy, see Ted Kennedy (disambiguation). Edward Moore "Ted" Kennedy (born February 22, 1932) is the senior United States Senator from Massachusetts and a member of the Democratic Party. (D-Mass.) offered this amendment to the Defense authorization The right or permission to use a system resource; the process of granting access. See access control. bill (S. 2766). If implemented, the amendment would increase the national minimum wage from $5.15 to $7.25/hour within the next two years. Although a minimum wage increase sounds like an easy way to alleviate Alleviate To make something easier to be endured. Mentioned in: Kinesiology, Applied poverty in this country, it actually raises poverty. This is true because companies can not afford to hire entry-level en·try-lev·el adj. Appropriate for or accessible to one who is inexperienced in a field or new to a market: an entry-level job in advertising; an entry-level computer. workers and train them for careers; companies are forced to lay off workers they presently have on staff; and additional people are added to the welfare roles. The Senate rejected Kennedy's amendment on June 21, 2006 by a vote of 52-46 (Roll Call 179). We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because it is unconstitutional for the government to prohibit citizens from working for less than a government-set price. 32 Iraq Iraq or Irak (both: ēräk`, ĭrăk`), officially Republic of Iraq, republic (2005 est. pop. 26,075,000), 167,924 sq mi (434,924 sq km), SW Asia. Troop Withdrawal. Senator John Kerry Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled due to vandalism. (D-Mass.) attached
this amendment to the Defense authorization bill (S. 2766) that would
require the president to have a complete withdrawal of U.S. troops by
July 2007, with the exception of those needed to train Iraqi troops,
target terrorists, and protect American citizens.The Senate rejected Kerry's amendment on June 22, 2006 by a vote of 13-86 (Roll Call 181). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because our troops should only be sent to war when necessary to defend the United States and her citizens, and only when declared by Congress. 33 First Responder first responder First response personnel Emergency medicine A person employed in the public sector–EMT, fire fighter, police, volunteer EMS–whose duties include provision of immediate medical care in the event of an emergency; FRs have basic emergency Grants. During consideration for the Homeland Security Appropriations bill (H.R. 5441) Sen. Chris CHRIS Chemical Hazards Response Information System (US DoD) CHRIS California Historical Resources Information System CHRIS Computerized Human Resources Information System CHRIS Command Human Resources Intelligence System Dodd (D-Conn.) proposed an amendment to increase funding for police, firefighters, and other local and state personnel by $16.5 billion. A point of order was raised against Dodd's amendment based on the Budget Act, and the Senate effectively killed the amendment when it rejected the motion to wave the Budget Act. The vote was 38-62 on July 13, 2006 (Roll Call 197). We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because federal funding of local law enforcement will lead to more federal control of law enforcement. 34 Firearm firearm, device consisting essentially of a straight tube to propel shot, shell, or bullets by the explosion of gunpowder. Although the Chinese discovered gunpowder as early as the 9th cent., they did not develop firearms until the mid-14th cent. Seizure. During consideration for the Homeland Security appropriations bill (H.R. 5441) Sen. David Vitter David Bruce Vitter (born May 3, 1961) is an American Republican politician, currently serving as the junior U.S. Senator from Louisiana. He was formerly a member of the United States House of Representatives, first elected in 1999, to represent the suburban First Congressional (R-La.) offered an amendment that would prohibit any funds in the bill from being used to seize seize v. To exhibit symptoms of seizure activity, usually with convulsions. lawfully law·ful adj. 1. Being within the law; allowed by law: lawful methods of dissent. 2. Established, sanctioned, or recognized by the law: the lawful heir. owned firearms during a state of emergency. Vitter The surname Vitter may refer to one of the following people:
The Senate overwhelmingly passed the Vitter amendment by a vote of 84-16 on July 13, 2006 (Roll Call 202). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because gun confiscation violates the Second Amendment. 35 Stem-cell Research Noun 1. stem-cell research - research on stem cells and their use in medicine biological research - scientific research conducted by biologists embryonic stem-cell research - biological research on stem cells derived from embryos and on their use in medicine . The embryonic stem-cell research Noun 1. embryonic stem-cell research - biological research on stem cells derived from embryos and on their use in medicine stem-cell research - research on stem cells and their use in medicine bill (H.R. 810) would allow federal funds Federal Funds Funds deposited to regional Federal Reserve Banks by commercial banks, including funds in excess of reserve requirements. Notes: These non-interest bearing deposits are lent out at the Fed funds rate to other banks unable to meet overnight reserve to be used for research on embryonic em·bry·on·ic or em·bry·on·al adj. Of, relating to, or being an embryo. Embryonic In the life cycle of the round worm, a very early life stage occurring within the uterus of the female round worm. stem-cell lines derived de·rive v. de·rived, de·riv·ing, de·rives v.tr. 1. To obtain or receive from a source. 2. from surplus embryos at in vitro fertilization in vitro fertilization (vē`trō, vĭ`trō), technique for conception of a human embryo outside the mother's body. Several ova, or eggs, are removed from the mother's body and placed in special laboratory culture dishes (Petri dishes); clinics. Such research would be done only by cannibalizing and destroying human embryos. Proponents contend that the research is needed to combat various diseases, but stem cells stem cells, unspecialized human or animal cells that can produce mature specialized body cells and at the same time replicate themselves. Embryonic stem cells are derived from a blastocyst (the blastula typical of placental mammals; see embryo), which is very young derived from sources other than embryos may be used to achieve the same results. The Senate passed H.R. 810 by a vote of 63-37 on July 18, 2006 (Roll Call 206). It prompted President Bush to use his veto veto [Lat.,=I forbid], power of one functionary (e.g., the president) of a government, or of one member of a group or coalition, to block the operation of laws or agreements passed or entered into by the other functionaries or members. In the U.S. power for the first time in his presidency. We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because such research would violate the right to life for millions of unborn children. 36 Parental Notification. The Child Custody The care, control, and maintenance of a child, which a court may award to one of the parents following a Divorce or separation proceeding. Under most circumstances, state laws provide that biological parents make all decisions that are involved in rearing their Protection Act (S. 403) would make it a federal crime for a person to transport a minor across state lines for an abortion abortion, expulsion of the products of conception before the embryo or fetus is viable. Any interruption of human pregnancy prior to the 28th week is known as abortion. in order to bypass In communications, to avoid the local telephone company by using satellites and microwave systems. state laws requiring parental notification. The Senate passed S. 403 by a vote of 65-34 on July 25, 2006 (Roll Call 216). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because Congress can and should use its power to regulate reg·u·late v. 1. To control or direct according to rule, principle, or law. 2. To adjust to a particular specification or requirement. 3. To adjust a mechanism for accurate and proper functioning. 4. interstate commerce interstate commerce In the U.S., any commercial transaction or traffic that crosses state boundaries or that involves more than one state. Government regulation of interstate commerce is founded on the commerce clause of the Constitution (Article I, section 8), which to restrict In the C programming language, the data pointed to by a pointer declared with the restrict qualifier may not be pointed to by any other pointer. This allows for more effective optimization. abortion. 37 Offshore Drilling. Sen. Pete Domenici Persondata NAME Domenici, Pietro Vichi ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pete Domenici SHORT DESCRIPTION United States Senator from New Mexico DATE OF BIRTH May 7, 1932 PLACE OF BIRTH Albuquerque, New Mexico DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Pietro Vichi "Pete" Domenici (R-N R-N Raion (Russian, district; used in postal addresses) .M.) sponsored a bill (S. 3711) that would authorize oil drilling in the 8.3 million acres of the eastern Gulf of Mexico Noun 1. Gulf of Mexico - an arm of the Atlantic to the south of the United States and to the east of Mexico Golfo de Mexico Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean - the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east . The Senate would allow much less offshore drilling than the House-passed legislation (see House vote #34); however, it would still be a step in the right direction. The Senate passed S. 3711 on August 1, 2006 by a vote of 71-25 (Roll Call 219). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because the United States should reduce its dependency on foreign oil and utilize its own energy resources. 38 Oman Trade Pact. Although the Senate voted on the Oman free trade agreement (H.R. 5684) in June, it had to clear identical legislation that originated in the House (see House vote #36). The Senate passed H.R. 5684 on September 19 by a vote of 62-32 (Roll Call 250). We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because such trade agreements damage the U.S. economy and threaten U.S. sovereignty by the imposition of international regulations. 39 Military Tribunals. This legislation (S. 3930) to establish a special system of military tribunals for "unlawful enemy combatants" is identical to the bill passed by the House the previous day (see House vote #39 for more details). The Senate passed S. 3930 by a vote of 65-34 on September 28, 2006 (Roll Call 259). We have assigned pluses to the "nays" because the bill would curtail defendant rights. 40 Border Fence. In the final hours before adjourning for their October October: see month. recess, the Senate passed a Border Fencing bill (H.R. 6061) that would authorize the construction of nearly 700 miles of security fencing along the U.S.-Mexican border. The House had passed this legislation earlier in the month (see House vote #38). The Senate passed H.R. 6061 by a wide margin of 80-19 on September 29, 2006 (Roll Call 262). We have assigned pluses to the "yeas" because such a border fence would help prevent illegal immigration and further protect our borders. About This Index "The Conservative Index" rates congressmen based on their adherence adherence /ad·her·ence/ (ad-her´ens) the act or condition of sticking to something. immune adherence to constitutional principles of limited government, fiscal responsibility, national sovereignty, and a traditional foreign policy of avoiding foreign entanglements. Preserving our Constitution, the freedoms it guarantees, and the moral bedrock on which it is based is what the word "conservatism" once meant--and how it is being applied here. To learn how any representative or senator voted on the key measures described herein, look him up in the vote charts. The scores are derived by dividing a congressman's conservative votes (pluses) by the total number he cast (pluses and minuses) and multiplying mul·ti·ply 1 v. mul·ti·plied, mul·ti·ply·ing, mul·ti·plies v.tr. 1. To increase the amount, number, or degree of. 2. Mathematics To perform multiplication on. by 100. The average House score for this index (votes 31-40)is 48 percent; the average Senate score is 53. Two congressmen earned perfect scores of 100: Walter Jones Walter Jones can refer to:
Bokkos, Daffo West Chadic - a group of Chadic languages spoken in northern Nigeria; Hausa in the most important member Paul Paul, 1901–64, king of the Hellenes (1947–64), brother and successor of George II. He married (1938) Princess Frederika of Brunswick. During Paul's reign Greece followed a pro-Western policy, and the Cyprus question was temporarily resolved. (R-Texas). We encourage readers to examine how their own congressmen voted on each of the 10 key measures as well as overall. Our first index for the 109th Congress (votes 1-10) appeared in our August 8, 2005 issue, our second index (votes 11-20) appeared in our December December: see month. 12, 2005 issue, and our third index (votes 21-30) appeared in our July 10, 2006 issue. We also encourage readers to commend com·mend tr.v. com·mend·ed, com·mend·ing, com·mends 1. To represent as worthy, qualified, or desirable; recommend. 2. To express approval of; praise. See Synonyms at praise. 3. legislators for their conservative votes and to urge improvement where needed. For congressional contact information go to www.thenewamerican.com/congress/.
House Vote Scores
Votes: 31-40 31 32 33 34 35
ALABAMA
1 Bonner (R) 40% - - - + +
2 Everett (R) 50 - - - + +
3 Rogers, Mike D. (R) 60 - - + + +
4 Aderholt (R) 60 - - + + +
5 Cramer (D) 60 - - + + +
6 Bachus, S. (R) 40 - - - + +
7 Davis, A. (D) 60 - - + + -
ALASKA
Young, D. (R) 40 - - - + +
ARIZONA
1 Renzi (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Franks, T. (R) 50 + - - + +
3 Shadegg (R) 40 - - - + +
4 Pastor (D) 50 - + + - -
5 Hayworth (R) 40 - - - + +
6 Flake (R) 50 + - - + -
7 Grijalva (D) 50 - + + - -
8 Kolbe (R) 20 - - - + -
ARKANSAS
1 Berry (D) 90 + + + + +
2 Snyder (D) 50 - + + - -
3 Boozman (R) 40 - - - + +
4 Ross (D) 70 - + - + +
CALIFORNIA
1 Thompson, M. (D) 60 - + + - -
2 Herger (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Lungren (R) 40 - - - + +
4 Doolittle (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Matsui, D. (D) 50 - + + - -
6 Woolsey (D) 50 - + + - -
7 Miller, George (D) 44 - + ? - -
8 Pelosi (D) 50 - + + - -
9 Lee (D) 50 - + + - -
10 Tauscher (D) 40 - + + - -
11 Pombo (R) 50 + - - + +
12 Lantos (D) 50 - + + - -
13 Stark (D) 60 + + + - -
14 Eshoo (D) 50 - + + - -
15 Honda (D) 50 - + + - -
16 Lofgren (D) 50 - + + - -
17 Farr (D) 50 - + + - -
18 Cardoza (D) 50 - - - - -
19 Radanovich (R) 44 - - - + +
20 Costa (D) 70 - - - + +
21 Nunes (R) 40 - - - + +
22 Thomas, B. (R) 40 - - - + +
23 Capps (D) 50 - + + - -
24 Gallegly (R) 40 - - - + +
25 McKeon (R) 44 ? - - + +
26 Dreier (R) 40 - - - + +
27 Sherman (D) 40 - - + - -
28 Berman (D) 33 - - ? - -
29 Schiff (D) 40 - + - - -
30 Waxman (D) 40 - - + - -
31 Becerra (D) 56 ? + + - -
32 Solis (D) 50 - + + - -
33 Watson (D) 56% ? + + - -
34 Roybal-Allard (D) 50 - + + - -
35 Waters (D) 44 - + ? - -
36 Harman (D) 40 - + + - -
37 Millender-McDonald (D) 44 - + + - -
38 Napolitano (D) 44 - ? + - -
39 Sanchez, Linda (D) 50 - + + - -
40 Royce (R) 40 - - - + +
41 Lewis, Jerry (R) 50 - - + + +
42 Miller, Gary (R) 40 - - - + +
43 Baca (D) 67 ? + + - -
44 Calvert (R) 40 - - - + +
45 Bono (R) 33 ? - - - +
46 Rohrabacher (R) 40 + - - + -
47 Sanchez, Loretta (D) 60 - + + - -
48 Campbell (R) 30 - - - - +
49 Issa (R) 44 - ? - + +
50 Bilbray (R) 50 ? ? - + +
51 Filner (D) 50 - + + - -
52 Hunter (R) 44 - ? - + +
53 Davis, S. (D) 40 - + + - -
COLORADO
1 DeGette (D) 60 - + + - -
2 Udall, M. (D) 50 - + - - -
3 Salazar, J. (D) 50 - - + - +
4 Musgrave (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Hefley (R) 50 + - - + +
6 Tancredo (R) 60 + - - + +
7 Beauprez (R) 40 - - - + +
CONNECTICUT
1 Larson, J. (D) 50 - + + - -
2 Simmons (R) 50 - - + - +
3 DeLauro (D) 50 - + + - -
4 Shays (R) 33 - - ? - -
5 Johnson, N. (R) 30 - - - - +
DELAWARE
Castle (R) 38 - - - - +
FLORIDA
1 Miller, J. (R) 50 + - - + +
2 Boyd (D) 70 - + - + +
3 Brown, C. (D) 60 - + + - -
4 Crenshaw (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Brown-Waite (R) 40 - - - + +
6 Stearns (R) 40 - - - + +
7 Mica (R) 40 - - - + +
8 Keller (R) 50 + - - + +
9 Bilirakis (R) 40 - - - + +
10 Young, C.W. (R) 40 - - - + +
11 Davis, Jim (D) ? ? ? - -
12 Putnam (R) 40 - - - + +
13 Harris (R) 22 - - - - +
14 Mack (R) 40 - - - - +
15 Weldon, D. (R) 40 - - - + +
16 Foley (R) 30 - - - - +
17 Meek, K. (D) 50 - - + - -
18 Ros-Lehtinen (R) 20 - - - - +
19 Wexler (D) 56 - - + - -
20 Wasserman-Schultz (D) 40% - - + - -
21 Diaz-Balart, L. (R) 30 - - - + +
22 Shaw (R) 30 - - - - +
23 Hastings, A. (D) 40 - - + - -
24 Feeney (R) 40 - - - + +
25 Diaz-Balart, M. (R) 30 - - - + +
GEORGIA
1 Kingston (R) 44 ? - - + +
2 Bishop, S. (D) 70 - - + + +
3 Marshall (D) 56 - ? - + +
4 McKinney (D) 57 - + + - ?
5 Lewis, John (D) 38 - + + - -
6 Price, T. (R) 40 - - - + +
7 Linder (R) 40 - - - + +
8 Westmoreland (R) 40 - - - + +
9 Norwood (R) 60 + - - + +
10 Deal (R) 50 - - - + +
11 Gingrey (R) 50 - - - + +
12 Barrow (D) 50 - - - + +
13 Scott, D. (D) 60 - + + - +
HAWAII
1 Abercrombie (D) 60 - + + + -
2 Case (D) 22 - - - - -
IDAHO
1 Otter (R) 80 + - + + +
2 Simpson (R) 50 - - + + +
ILLINOIS
1 Rush (D) 56 - + + ? -
2 Jackson, J. (D) 50 - + + - -
3 Lipinski (D) 70 - - + - +
4 Gutierrez (D) 57 ? + + - ?
5 Emanuel (D) 40 - - + - -
6 Hyde (R) 40 - - - + +
7 Davis, D. (D) 50 - + + - -
8 Bean (D) 20 - - - - -
9 Schakowsky (D) 50 - + + - -
10 Kirk (R) 20 - - - - +
11 Weller (R) 40 - - - + +
12 Costello (D) 89 ? + + - +
13 Biggert (R) 30 - - - + -
14 Hastert (R): Speaker ? ? - ? ?
15 Johnson, Timothy (R) 40 - - - - +
16 Manzullo (R) 44 ? - - + +
17 Evans (D) ? ? ? ? ?
18 LaHood (R) 30 - - - - +
19 Shimkus (R) 40 - - - + +
INDIANA
1 Visclosky (D) 60 - + + - -
2 Chocola (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Souder (R) 40 - - - + +
4 Buyer (R) 50 - - + + +
5 Burton (R) 40 - - - + +
6 Pence (R) 40 - - - + +
7 Carson, J. (D) 56 - + + - -
8 Hostettler (R) 70 + - - + +
9 Sodrel (R) 40 - - - + +
IOWA
1 Nussle (R) 50 ? ? - + +
2 Leach (R) 60 - + - - +
3 Boswell (D) 70 - + + + +
4 Latham (R) 40 - - - + +
5 King, S. (R) 50 + - - + +
KANSAS
1 Moran, Jerry (R) 80% + + - + +
2 Ryon, J. (R) 50 + - - + +
3 Moore, D. (D) 50 - + + - -
4 Tiahrt (R) 40 - - - + +
KENTUCKY
1 Whitfield (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Lewis, R. (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Northup (R) 50 - - + + ?
4 Davis, G. (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Rogers, H. (R) 50 - - + + +
6 Chandler (D) 60 - + - - +
LOUISIANA
1 Jindal (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Jefferson (D) 56 - + ? + -
3 Melancon (D) 50 - - - + +
4 McCrery (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Alexander, R. (R) 40 - - - + +
6 Baker (R) 44 ? - - + +
7 Boustany (R) 40 - - - + +
MAINE
1 Allen, T. (D) 60 - + + - -
2 Michaud (D) 50 - + + - -
MARYLAND
1 Gilchrest (R) 40 - + - - -
2 Ruppersberger (D) 60 - - + - -
3 Cardin (D) 50 - + + - -
4 Wynn (D) 40 - - - - +
5 Hoyer (D) 40 - - + - -
6 Bartlett (R) 60 + + - - +
7 Cummings (D) 50 - + + - -
8 Van Hollen (D) 50 - + + - -
MASSACHUSETTS
1 Olver (D) 50 - + + - -
2 Neal (D) 60 - + + - -
3 McGovern (D) 50 - + + - -
4 Frank, B. (D) 70 - + + - -
5 Meehan (D) 38 - + + - -
6 Tierney (D) 60 - + + - -
7 Markey (D) 50 - + + - -
8 Capuano (D) 60 - + + - -
9 Lynch (D) 70 - + + - -
10 Delahunt (D) 50 - + - - -
MICHIGAN
1 Stupak (D) 67 - + + - -
2 Hoekstra (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Ehlers (R) 40 - + - - +
4 Camp (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Kildee (D) 70 - + + - -
6 Upton (R) 40 - - - + +
7 Schwarz, J. (R) 50 - - - + +
8 Rogers, Mike (R) 40 - - - + +
9 Knollenberg (R) 40 - - - + +
10 Miller, C. (R) 40 - - - + +
11 McCotter (R) 50 - - - + +
12 Levin, S. (D) 50 - + + - -
13 Kilpatrick (D) 50 - + + - -
14 Conyers (D) 50 - + + - -
15 Dingell (D) 60 - + + - -
MINNESOTA
1 Gutknecht (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Kline (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Ramstad (R) 30% - - - - +
4 McCollum (D) 50 - + + - -
5 Sabo (D) 50 - + + - -
6 Kennedy, M. (R) 40 - - - + +
7 Peterson, C. (D) 80 + + + + +
8 Oberstar (D) 60 - + + - -
MISSISSIPPI
1 Wicker (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Thompson, B. (D) 80 - + + + +
3 Pickering (R) 40 - - - + +
4 Taylor, G. (D) 70 + + - + +
MISSOURI
1 Clay (D) 60 - + + - -
2 Akin (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Carnahan (D) 70 - + + - +
4 Skelton (D) 70 - - + + +
5 Cleaver (D) 50 - + + - -
6 Graves (R) 50 + - - + +
7 Blunt (R) 44 ? - - + +
8 Emerson (R) 50 - - + + +
9 Hulshof (R) 40 - - - + +
MONTANA
Rehberg (R) 40 - - - + +
NEBRASKA
1 Fortenberry (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Terry (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Osborne (R) 40 - - - + +
NEVADA
1 Berkley (D) 56 - - ? - -
2 Gibbons (R) 44 ? - - + +
3 Porter (R) 40 - - - + +
NEW HAMPSHIRE
1 Bradley (R) 30 - - - - +
2 Bass (R) 30 - - - - +
NEW JERSEY
1 Andrews (D) 40 - + - - -
2 LoBiondo (R) 40 - - - - +
3 Saxton (R) 30 - - - - +
4 Smith, C. (R) 40 - - - - +
5 Garrett (R) 60 - + - + +
6 Pallone (D) 50 - + + - -
7 Ferguson (R) 30 - - - - +
8 Pascrell (D) 60 - + + - -
9 Rothman (D) 60 - + + - -
10 Payne (D) 50 - + + - -
11 Frelinghuysen (R) 30 - - - - +
12 Holt (D) 50 - + + - -
13 Vacant
NEW MEXICO
1 Wilson, H. (R) 33 - - - + +
2 Pearce (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Udall, T. (D) 60 - + + - -
NEW YORK
1 Bishop, T. (D) 60 - + + - -
2 Israel (D) 50 - - + - -
3 King, P (R) 40 - - - + +
4 McCarthy (D) 60 - + + - -
5 Ackerman (D) 40 - - + - -
6 Meeks, G. (D) 40 - + + - -
7 Crowley (D) 40 - + + - -
8 Nadler (D) 50 - + + - -
9 Weiner (D) 50% - - + - -
10 Towns (D) 60 - + + - +
11 Owens (D) 44 - + ? - -
12 Velazquez (D) 50 - + + - -
13 Fossella (R) 40 - - - + +
14 Maloney (D) 50 - + - - -
15 Rangel (D) 50 - + + - -
16 Serrano (D) 44 - + ? - -
17 Engel (D) 40 - - + - -
18 Lowey (D) 50 - + + - -
19 Kelly (R) 30 - - - - +
20 Sweeney (R) 60 - - + + +
21 McNulty (D) 50 - + + - -
22 Hinchey (D) 60 - + + - -
23 McHugh (R) 56 ? - - + +
24 Boehlert (R) 33 ? - - - +
25 Walsh (R) 67 ? - + + +
26 Reynolds (R) 40 - - - + +
27 Higgins (D) 50 - + + - -
28 Slaughter (D) 50 - + + - -
29 Kuhl (R) 40 - - - + +
NORTH CAROLINA
1 Butterfield (D) 60 - + + - -
2 Etheridge (D) 60 - + + - +
3 Jones, W. (R) 100 + + + + +
4 Price, D. (D) 50 - + + - -
5 Foxx (R) 40 - - - + +
6 Coble (R) 50 - - - + +
7 McIntyre (D) 60 - + - - +
8 Hayes (R) 50 - - - + +
9 Myrick (R) 40 - - - + +
10 McHenry (R) 33 - - - ? +
11 Taylor, C. (R) 50 - - - + +
12 Watt (D) 50 - + + - -
13 Miller, B. (D) 70 - + + - -
NORTH DAKOTA
Pomeroy (D) 60 - - + + -
OHIO
1 Chabot (R) 44 - - - + +
2 Schmidt (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Turner (R) 40 - - - + +
4 Oxley (R) 57 ? ? ? + +
5 Gilmor (R) 40 - - - + +
6 Strickland (D) 43 - + - - -
7 Hobson (R) 50 - - + + +
8 Boehner (R) 40 - - - + +
9 Kaptur (D) 75 ? + + - -
10 Kucinich (D) 60 + + + - -
11 Jones, S. (D) 60 - + + - -
12 Tiberi (R) 40 - - - + +
13 Brown, S. (D) 50 - + - - -
14 LaTourette (R) 60 - - - + +
15 Pryce, D. (R) 40 - - - + +
16 Regula (R) 40 - - - + +
17 Ryan, T. (D) 70 - + + - -
18 Ney (R) 57 - - - + +
OKLAHOMA
1 Sullivan (R) 33 - - - + +
2 Boren (D) 40 - - - + +
3 Lucas (R) 50 + - - + +
4 Cole (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Istook (R) 33 - - - + +
OREGON
1 Wu (D) 60% - + + - -
2 Walden (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Blumenauer (D) 50 - + + - -
4 DeFazio (D) 70 - + - + -
5 Hooley (D) 60 - + - - -
PENNSYLVANIA
1 Brady, R. (D) 56 ? - + + -
2 Fattah (D) 50 - + + - -
3 English (R) 30 - - - + -
4 Hart (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Peterson, J. (R) 44 ? - - + +
6 Gerlach (R) 44 - - - ? +
7 Weldon, C. (R) 40 - - - - +
8 Fitzpatrick (R) 44 - - - ? +
9 Shuster (R) 40 - - - + +
10 Sherwood (R) 33 - - - ? +
11 Kanjorski (D) 78 - + + ? -
12 Murtha (D) 60 - - + + -
13 Schwartz, A. (D) 40 - - + - -
14 Doyle (D) 70 - + + + -
15 Dent (R) 40 - - - + +
16 Pitts (R) 44 - - ? + +
17 Holden (D) 80 - + + + +
18 Murphy (R) 40 - - - + +
19 Platts (R) 40 - - - + +
RHODE ISLAND
1 Kennedy, P. (D) 50 - + + - -
2 Langevin (D) 40 - - - - -
SOUTH CAROLINA
1 Brown, H. (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Wilson, J. (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Barrett (R) 40 - - - + +
4 Inglis (R) 40 - - - + -
5 Spratt (D) 44 - ? + - -
6 Clyburn (D) 60 - + + - -
SOUTH DAKOTA
Herseth (D) 50 - - - + +
TENNESSEE
1 Jenkins (R) 50 + - - + +
2 Duncan (R) 60 + + - + +
3 Wamp (R) 40 - - - + +
4 Davis, L. (D) 50 - - - + +
5 Cooper (D) 60 - + - - -
6 Gordon (D) 50 - + - - +
7 Blackburn (R) 40 - - - + +
8 Tanner (D) 60 + - - + +
9 Ford (D) 43 - ? - ? +
TEXAS
1 Gohmert (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Poe (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Johnson, Sam (R) 29 - - ? ? +
4 Hall (R) 40 - - - + +
5 Hensarling (R) 40 - - - + +
6 Barton (R) 40 - - - + +
7 Culberson (R) 33 - - - + +
8 Brady, K. (R) 40 - - - + +
9 Green, A. (D) 70 - + + + -
10 McCaul (R) 40 - - - + +
11 Conaway (R) 33 ? - - + +
12 Granger (R) 40 - - - + +
13 Thornberry (R) 40 - - - + +
14 Paul (R) 100% + + + + +
15 Hinojosa (D) 80 - + + + +
16 Reyes (D) 67 ? - + + -
17 Edwards (D) 40 - - - + +
18 Jackson-Lee, S. (D) 56 - + + + -
19 Neugebauer (R) 40 - - - + +
20 Gonzalez (D) 70 - + + + -
21 Smith, L. (R) 40 - - - + +
22 Vacant
23 Bonilla (R) 40 - - - + +
24 Marchant (R) 40 - - - + +
25 Doggett (D) 56 - + ? - -
26 Burgess (R) 40 - - - + +
27 Ortiz (D) 60 - - + + -
28 Cuellar (D) 30 - - - + +
29 Green, G. (D) 78 - + + ? +
30 Johnson, E. (D) 70 - + + + -
31 Carter (R) 40 - - - + +
32 Sessions, P. (R) 40 - - - + +
UTAH
1 Bishop, R. (R) 38 - - - ? +
2 Matheson (D) 40 - - - + +
3 Cannon (R) 43 ? ? - ? +
VERMONT
Sanders (I) 60 - + + - -
VIRGINIA
1 Davis, Jo Ann (R) 38 + - - - +
2 Drake (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Scott, R. (D) 40 - - + - -
4 Forbes (R) 33 - - - + +
5 Goode (R) 60 + - - + +
6 Goodlatte (R) 50 + - - + +
7 Cantor (R) 40 - - - + +
8 Moran, James (D) 50 - + + - -
9 Boucher (D) 90 - + + + +
10 Wolf (R) 40 - - - + +
11 Davis, T. (R) 44 - - - + +
WASHINGTON
1 Inslee (D) 56 - + - - ?
2 Larsen, R. (D) 40 - - + - -
3 Baird (D) 50 - - + - -
4 Hastings, D. (R) 40 - - - + +
5 McMorris (R) 40 - - - + +
6 Dicks (D) 33 - - + ? -
7 McDermott (D) 50 - + + - -
8 Reichert (R) 30 - - - - +
9 Smith, A. (D) 50 - + - - -
WEST VIRGINIA
1 Mollohan (D) 80 - - + + +
2 Capito (R) 40 - - - + +
3 Rahall (D) 90 + + + - +
WISCONSIN
1 Ryan, P. (R) 40 - - - + +
2 Baldwin (D) 60 - + + - -
3 Kind (D) 80 - + + + -
4 Moore, G. (D) 50 - + + - -
5 Sensenbrenner(R) 50 + - - + +
6 Petri (R) 50 + - - + +
7 Obey (D) 60 - + + - -
8 Green, M. (R) 50 + - - + +
WYOMING
Cubin (R) 40 - - - + +
Votes: 36 37 38 39 40 1-40
ALABAMA
1 Bonner (R) - + + - - 35%
2 Everett (R) + + + - - 44
3 Rogers, Mike D. (R) + + + - - 45
4 Aderholt (R) + + + - - 43
5 Cramer (D) + + + - - 41
6 Bachus, S. (R) - + + - - 35
7 Davis, A. (D) + + + - + 38
ALASKA
Young, D. (R) - + - - + 41
ARIZONA
1 Renzi (R) - + + - - 40
2 Franks, T. (R) - + + - - 60
3 Shadegg (R) - + + - - 48
4 Pastor (D) + - - + + 38
5 Hayworth (R) - + + - - 40
6 Flake (R) - + + - + 62
7 Grijalva (D) + - - + + 40
8 Kolbe (R) - + - - - 18
ARKANSAS
1 Berry (D) + + + + - 63
2 Snyder (D) - + - + + 32
3 Boozman (R) - + + - - 34
4 Ross (D) + + + - + 49
CALIFORNIA
1 Thompson, M. (D) + + - + + 40
2 Herger (R) - + + - - 40
3 Lungren (R) - + + - - 30
4 Doolittle (R) - + + - - 33
5 Matsui, D. (D) + - - + + 29
6 Woolsey (D) + - - + + 40
7 Miller, George (D) + - - + + 39
8 Pelosi (D) + - - + + 31
9 Lee (D) + - - + + 45
10 Tauscher (D) - - - + + 30
11 Pombo (R) - + + - - 43
12 Lantos (D) + - - + + 32
13 Stark (D) + - - + + 49
14 Eshoo (D) + - - + + 35
15 Honda (D) + - - + + 38
16 Lofgren (D) + - - + + 35
17 Farr (D) + - - + + 38
18 Cardoza (D) + + + + + 43
19 Radanovich (R) - + + ? - 31
20 Costa (D) + + + + + 45
21 Nunes (R) - + + - - 32
22 Thomas, B. (R) - + + - - 26
23 Capps (D) + - - + + 37
24 Gallegly (R) - + + - - 33
25 McKeon (R) - + + - - 31
26 Dreier (R) - + + - - 30
27 Sherman (D) + - - + + 31
28 Berman (D) + - - + + 29
29 Schiff (D) + - - + + 28
30 Waxman (D) + - - + + 31
31 Becerra (D) + - - + + 34
32 Solis (D) + - - + + 35
33 Watson (D) + - - + + 38%
34 Roybal-Allard (D) + - - + + 35
35 Waters (D) + - - + + 41
36 Harman (D) - - - + + 25
37 Millender-McDonald (D) + - - ? + 30
38 Napolitano (D) + - - + + 34
39 Sanchez, Linda (D) + - - + + 38
40 Royce (R) - + + - - 49
41 Lewis, Jerry (R) - + + - - 33
42 Miller, Gary (R) - + + - - 41
43 Baca (D) + + - + + 41
44 Calvert (R) - + + - - 33
45 Bono (R) - + + - - 29
46 Rohrabacher (R) - + + - - 52
47 Sanchez, Loretta (D) + + - + + 41
48 Campbell (R) - + + - - 37
49 Issa (R) - + + - - 33
50 Bilbray (R) - + + - - 50
51 Filner (D) + - - + + 38
52 Hunter (R) - + + - - 42
53 Davis, S. (D) - - - + + 30
COLORADO
1 DeGette (D) + + - + + 32
2 Udall, M. (D) + + - + + 35
3 Salazar, J. (D) + + - - + 43
4 Musgrave (R) - + + - - 40
5 Hefley (R) - + + - - 51
6 Tancredo (R) + + + - - 73
7 Beauprez (R) - + + - - 33
CONNECTICUT
1 Larson, J. (D) + - - + + 36
2 Simmons (R) + + + - - 31
3 DeLauro (D) + - - + + 33
4 Shays (R) - + + - + 23
5 Johnson, N. (R) - + + - - 18
DELAWARE
Castle (R) - + + ? ? 24
FLORIDA
1 Miller, J. (R) - + + - - 54
2 Boyd (D) + + + - + 41
3 Brown, C. (D) + - + + + 35
4 Crenshaw (R) - + + - - 33
5 Brown-Waite (R) - + + - - 38
6 Stearns (R) - + + - - 50
7 Mica (R) - + + - - 36
8 Keller (R) - + ? ? - 42
9 Bilirakis (R) - + + - - 36
10 Young, C.W. (R) - + + - - 28
11 Davis, Jim (D) ? + ? ? + 26
12 Putnam (R) - + + - - 33
13 Harris (R) - ? + - - 25
14 Mack (R) - + + - + 48
15 Weldon, D. (R) - + + - - 38
16 Foley (R) - + + - - 28
17 Meek, K. (D) + + - + + 37
18 Ros-Lehtinen (R) - + - - - 24
19 Wexler (D) + ? + + + 41
20 Wasserman-Schultz (D) + - - + + 30%
21 Diaz-Balart, L. (R) - + - - - 27
22 Shaw (R) - + + - - 28
23 Hastings, A. (D) + - - + + 30
24 Feeney (R) - + + - - 49
25 Diaz-Balart, M. (R) - + - - - 32
GEORGIA
1 Kingston (R) - + + - - 45
2 Bishop, S. (D) + + + - + 42
3 Marshall (D) + + + - - 32
4 McKinney (D) ? ? - + + 51
5 Lewis, John (D) + - - ? ? 33
6 Price, T. (R) - + + - - 52
7 Linder (R) - + + - - 40
8 Westmoreland (R) - + + - - 51
9 Norwood (R) + + + - - 54
10 Deal (R) + + + - - 50
11 Gingrey (R) + + + - - 44
12 Barrow (D) + + + - - 33
13 Scott, D. (D) + + - - + 35
HAWAII
1 Abercrombie (D) + - - + + 43
2 Case (D) - - ? + + 21
IDAHO
1 Otter (R) + + + - + 73
2 Simpson (R) - + + - - 40
ILLINOIS
1 Rush (D) + - - + + 33
2 Jackson, J. (D) + - - + + 35
3 Lipinski (D) + + + + + 38
4 Gutierrez (D) + - + ? 38
5 Emanuel (D) + - - + + 27
6 Hyde (R) - + + - - 31
7 Davis, D. (D) + - - + + 38
8 Bean (D) - + + - - 20
9 Schakowsky (D) + - - + + 41
10 Kirk (R) - - + - - 13
11 Weller (R) - + + - - 33
12 Costello (D) + + + + + 49
13 Biggert (R) - + + - - 30
14 Hastert (R): Speaker - ? ? - ?
15 Johnson, Timothy (R) - + + - + 30
16 Manzullo (R) - + + - - 51
17 Evans (D) ? ? ? + ? 32
18 LaHood (R) - + + - - 26
19 Shimkus (R) - + + - - 33
INDIANA
1 Visclosky (D) + + - + + 40
2 Chocola (R) - + + - - 38
3 Souder (R) - + + - - 35
4 Buyer (R) - + + - - 41
5 Burton (R) - + + - - 43
6 Pence (R) - + + - - 43
7 Carson, J. (D) + ? - + + 36
8 Hostettler (R) + + + - + 68
9 Sodrel (R) - + + - - 40
IOWA
1 Nussle (R) ? ? + - - 42
2 Leach (R) - + + + + 25
3 Boswell (D) + + + - - 39
4 Latham (R) - + + - - 33
5 King, S. (R) - + + - - 48
KANSAS
1 Moran, Jerry (R) - + + + + 54%
2 Ryon, J. (R) - + + - - 45
3 Moore, D. (D) - + + - + 33
4 Tiahrt (R) - + + - - 36
KENTUCKY
1 Whitfield (R) - + + - - 38
2 Lewis, R. (R) - + + - - 40
3 Northup (R) ? + + - - 34
4 Davis, G. (R) - + + - - 38
5 Rogers, H. (R) - + + - - 35
6 Chandler (D) + + + - + 38
LOUISIANA
1 Jindal (R) - + + - - 40
2 Jefferson (D) - + - + + 39
3 Melancon (D) + + + - - 46
4 McCrery (R) - + + - - 31
5 Alexander, R. (R) - + + - - 33
6 Baker (R) - + + - - 39
7 Boustany (R) - + + - - 36
MAINE
1 Allen, T. (D) + + - + + 35
2 Michaud (D) + + - - + 35
MARYLAND
1 Gilchrest (R) - + + + - 15
2 Ruppersberger (D) + + + + + 33
3 Cardin (D) + - - + + 28
4 Wynn (D) + - - + + 35
5 Hoyer (D) + - - + + 31
6 Bartlett (R) - + + + - 55
7 Cummings (D) + - - + + 35
8 Van Hollen (D) + - - + + 33
MASSACHUSETTS
1 Olver (D) + - - + + 36
2 Neal (D) + + - + + 35
3 McGovern (D) + - - + + 38
4 Frank, B. (D) + + + + + 48
5 Meehan (D) + - - ? ? 34
6 Tierney (D) + + - + + 43
7 Markey (D) + - - + + 40
8 Capuano (D) + - + + + 43
9 Lynch (D) + + + + + 38
10 Delahunt (D) + - + + + 38
MICHIGAN
1 Stupak (D) + + + + ? 44
2 Hoekstra (R) - + + - - 33
3 Ehlers (R) - + + - - 25
4 Camp (R) - + + - - 38
5 Kildee (D) + + + + + 43
6 Upton (R) - + + - - 33
7 Schwarz, J. (R) + + + - - 21
8 Rogers, Mike (R) - + + - - 35
9 Knollenberg (R) - + + - - 33
10 Miller, C. (R) - + + - - 35
11 McCotter (R) + + + - - 43
12 Levin, S. (D) + - - + + 35
13 Kilpatrick (D) + - - + + 35
14 Conyers (D) + - - + + 45
15 Dingell (D) + + - + + 38
MINNESOTA
1 Gutknecht (R) - + + - - 43
2 Kline (R) - + + - - 35
3 Ramstad (R) - + + - - 25%
4 McCollum (D) + - - + + 37
5 Sabo (D) + - - + + 33
6 Kennedy, M. (R) - + + - - 30
7 Peterson, C. (D) + + + - - 56
8 Oberstar (D) + + - + + 46
MISSISSIPPI
1 Wicker (R) - + + - - 33
2 Thompson, B. (D) + + - + + 44
3 Pickering (R) - + + - - 34
4 Taylor, G. (D) + + + - - 53
MISSOURI
1 Clay (D) + + - + + 49
2 Akin (R) - + + - - 43
3 Carnahan (D) + + - + + 33
4 Skelton (D) - + + + + 35
5 Cleaver (D) + - ? ? + 34
6 Graves (R) - + + - - 46
7 Blunt (R) - + + - - 33
8 Emerson (R) - + + - - 34
9 Hulshof (R) - + + - - 41
MONTANA
Rehberg (R) - + + - - 35
NEBRASKA
1 Fortenberry (R) - + + - - 35
2 Terry (R) - + + - - 40
3 Osborne (R) - + + - - 33
NEVADA
1 Berkley (D) + + + + + 34
2 Gibbons (R) - + + - - 51
3 Porter (R) - + + - - 30
NEW HAMPSHIRE
1 Bradley (R) - + + - - 23
2 Bass (R) - + + - - 20
NEW JERSEY
1 Andrews (D) + - + - + 21
2 LoBiondo (R) + + + - - 25
3 Saxton (R) - + + - - 18
4 Smith, C. (R) + + + - - 26
5 Garrett (R) - + + - + 58
6 Pallone (D) + - - + + 40
7 Ferguson (R) - + + - - 28
8 Pascrell (D) + - + + + 35
9 Rothman (D) + + - + + 33
10 Payne (D) + - - + + 43
11 Frelinghuysen (R) - + + - - 18
12 Holt (D) + - - + + 35
13 Vacant
NEW MEXICO
1 Wilson, H. (R) - ? + - - 30
2 Pearce (R) - + + - - 33
3 Udall, T. (D) + + - + + 37
NEW YORK
1 Bishop, T. (D) + - + + + 35
2 Israel (D) + - + + + 35
3 King, P (R) - + + - - 28
4 McCarthy (D) + - + + + 36
5 Ackerman (D) + - - + + 31
6 Meeks, G. (D) - - - + + 32
7 Crowley (D) - - - + + 30
8 Nadler (D) + - - + + 33
9 Weiner (D) + - + + + 39%
10 Towns (D) + - - + + 41
11 Owens (D) + - - + + 41
12 Velazquez (D) + - - + + 38
13 Fossella (R) - + + - - 38
14 Maloney (D) + - + + + 38
15 Rangel (D) + - - + + 38
16 Serrano (D) + - - + + 36
17 Engel (D) + - - + + 28
18 Lowey (D) + - - + + 33
19 Kelly (R) - + + - - 21
20 Sweeney (R) + + + - - 38
21 McNulty (D) + - - + + 35
22 Hinchey (D) + + - + + 46
23 McHugh (R) + + + - - 38
24 Boehlert (R) - + + - - 18
25 Walsh (R) + + + - - 30
26 Reynolds (R) - + + - - 30
27 Higgins (D) + + - + + 28
28 Slaughter (D) + - - + + 30
29 Kuhl (R) - + + - - 38
NORTH CAROLINA
1 Butterfield (D) + + - + + 36
2 Etheridge (D) - + + - + 31
3 Jones, W. (R) + + + + + 79
4 Price, D. (D) + - - + + 33
5 Foxx (R) - + + - - 50
6 Coble (R) + + + - - 45
7 McIntyre (D) + + + - + 41
8 Hayes (R) + + + - - 46
9 Myrick (R) - + + - - 38
10 McHenry (R) - + + - - 49
11 Taylor, C. (R) + + + - - 45
12 Watt (D) + - - + + 38
13 Miller, B. (D) + + + + + 33
NORTH DAKOTA
Pomeroy (D) + + + - + 33
OHIO
1 Chabot (R) - + + - ? 41
2 Schmidt (R) - + + - - 32
3 Turner (R) - + + - - 28
4 Oxley (R) - + + - - 31
5 Gilmor (R) - + + - - 26
6 Strickland (D) + + ? ? ? 42
7 Hobson (R) - + + - - 31
8 Boehner (R) - + + - - 36
9 Kaptur (D) + + ? + + 45
10 Kucinich (D) + - - + + 43
11 Jones, S. (D) + + - + + 43
12 Tiberi (R) - + + - - 33
13 Brown, S. (D) + + + - + 39
14 LaTourette (R) + + + + - 34
15 Pryce, D. (R) - + + - - 28
16 Regula (R) - + + - 28
17 Ryan, T. (D) + + + + + 46
18 Ney (R) + + ? ? ? 49
OKLAHOMA
1 Sullivan (R) - ? + - - 39
2 Boren (D) - + + - - 38
3 Lucas (R) - + + - - 48
4 Cole (R) - + + - - 33
5 Istook (R) - ? + - - 45
OREGON
1 Wu (D) + + - + + 35%
2 Walden (R) - + + - - 25
3 Blumenauer (D) + - - + + 38
4 DeFazio (D) + + + + + 48
5 Hooley (D) + + + + + 36
PENNSYLVANIA
1 Brady, R. (D) + - - + + 39
2 Fattah (D) + - - + + 35
3 English (R) - + + - - 25
4 Hart (R) - + + - - 38
5 Peterson, J. (R) - + + - - 38
6 Gerlach (R) + + + - - 23
7 Weldon, C. (R) + + + - - 26
8 Fitzpatrick (R) + + + - - 28
9 Shuster (R) - + + - - 38
10 Sherwood (R) - + + - - 31
11 Kanjorski (D) + + + + + 49
12 Murtha (D) + + - + + 43
13 Schwartz, A. (D) + - - + + 25
14 Doyle (D) + + - + + 43
15 Dent (R) - + + - - 28
16 Pitts (R) - + + - - 42
17 Holden (D) + + + - + 38
18 Murphy (R) - + + - - 35
19 Platts (R) - + + - - 30
RHODE ISLAND
1 Kennedy, P. (D) + - - + + 39
2 Langevin (D) + + - + + 30
SOUTH CAROLINA
1 Brown, H. (R) - + + - - 36
2 Wilson, J. (R) - + + - - 28
3 Barrett (R) - + + - - 44
4 Inglis (R) - + + - + 30
5 Spratt (D) + + + - - 26
6 Clyburn (D) + + - + + 36
SOUTH DAKOTA
Herseth (D) + + + - - 33
TENNESSEE
1 Jenkins (R) - + + - - 48
2 Duncan (R) - + + - - 66
3 Wamp (R) - + + - - 35
4 Davis, L. (D) + + + - - 45
5 Cooper (D) + + + + + 30
6 Gordon (D) + + + - - 35
7 Blackburn (R) - + + - - 45
8 Tanner (D) - + + - + 47
9 Ford (D) + ? + - - 31
TEXAS
1 Gohmert (R) - + + - - 51
2 Poe (R) - + + - - 46
3 Johnson, Sam (R) - + ? - - 42
4 Hall (R) - + + - - 33
5 Hensarling (R) - + + - - 52
6 Barton (R) - + + - - 34
7 Culberson (R) - + ? - - 36
8 Brady, K. (R) - + + - - 35
9 Green, A. (D) + + - + + 45
10 McCaul (R) - + + - - 38
11 Conaway (R) - + - - - 32
12 Granger (R) - + + - - 30
13 Thornberry (R) - + + - - 38
14 Paul (R) + + + + + 100%
15 Hinojosa (D) + + - + + 42
16 Reyes (D) + + - + + 38
17 Edwards (D) - + + - - 35
18 Jackson-Lee, S. (D) + - - ? + 44
19 Neugebauer (R) - + + - - 40
20 Gonzalez (D) + + - + + 38
21 Smith, L. (R) - + + - - 35
22 Vacant
23 Bonilla (R) - + + - - 35
24 Marchant (R) - + + - - 40
25 Doggett (D) + + - + + 36
26 Burgess (R) - + + - - 38
27 Ortiz (D) + + - + + 33
28 Cuellar (D) - + - - - 32
29 Green, G. (D) + + - + + 45
30 Johnson, E. (D) + + - + + 36
31 Carter (R) - + + - - 35
32 Sessions, P. (R) - + + - - 39
UTAH
1 Bishop, R. (R) ? + + - - 45
2 Matheson (D) - + + - - 38
3 Cannon (R) - + + - - 41
VERMONT
Sanders (I) + + - + + 43
VIRGINIA
1 Davis, Jo Ann (R) ? ? + - - 46
2 Drake (R) - + + - - 38
3 Scott, R. (D) + - - + + 34
4 Forbes (R) - + ? - - 38
5 Goode (R) + + + - - 64
6 Goodlatte (R) - + + - - 45
7 Cantor (R) - + + - - 33
8 Moran, James (D) - - + + + 30
9 Boucher (D) + + + + + 50
10 Wolf (R) - + + - - 28
11 Davis, T. (R) - + + ? - 22
WASHINGTON
1 Inslee (D) + + - + + 36
2 Larsen, R. (D) - + - + + 35
3 Baird (D) - + + + + 31
4 Hastings, D. (R) - + + - - 32
5 McMorris (R) - + + - - 42
6 Dicks (D) - - - + + 24
7 McDermott (D) + - - + + 30
8 Reichert (R) - + + - - 23
9 Smith, A. (D) - + + + + 33
WEST VIRGINIA
1 Mollohan (D) + + + + + 45
2 Capito (R) - + + - - 34
3 Rahall (D) + + + + + 55
WISCONSIN
1 Ryan, P. (R) - + + - - 44
2 Baldwin (D) + + - + + 45
3 Kind (D) + + + + + 45
4 Moore, G. (D) + - - + + 38
5 Sensenbrenner(R) - + + - - 62
6 Petri (R) - + + - - 45
7 Obey (D) + + - + + 40
8 Green, M. (R) - + + - - 45
WYOMING
Cubin (R) - + + - - 49
The scores are derived by dividing a representative's conservative
votes (pluses) by the total number he cast (pluses and minuses) and
multiplying by 100. (A "?" indicates that a representative did not
vote. If a representative cast fewer than five votes in this index,
a score is not assigned.) Match numbers at the top of the chart to
House vote description on pages 22, 24, and 26.
Senate Vote Scores
Votes: 31-40 31 32 33 34 35
ALABAMA
Shelby (R) 67% ? - + + +
Sessions, J. (R) 70 + - + + +
ALASKA
Stevens (R) 60 + - + + -
Murkowski (R) 60 + - + + -
ARIZONA
McCain (R) 60 + - + + -
Kyl (R) 70 + - + + +
ARKANSAS
Lincoln (D) 50 - - - + -
Fryor (D) 40 - - - + -
CALIFORNIA
Feinstein (D) 33 - - - - -
Boxer (D) 40 - + - - -
COLORADO
Allard (R) 70 + - + + +
Salazar, K. (D) 30 - - - + -
CONNECTICUT
Dodd (D) 30 - - - - -
Lieberman (D) 11 - - - + -
DELAWARE
Biden (D) 40 - - - + -
Carper (D) 60 - - + + -
FLORIDA
Nelson, Bill (D) 50 - - + + -
Martinez (R) 70 + - + + +
GEORGIA
Chambliss (R) 70 + - + + +
Isakson (R) 70 + - + + +
HAWAII
Inouye (D) 50 - + - - -
Akaka (D) 22 - + - -
IDAHO
Craig (R) 70 + - + + +
Crapo (R) 70 + - + + +
ILLINOIS
Durbin (D) 30 - + - - -
Obama (D) 30 - - - + -
INDIANA
Lugar (R) 50 - - + + -
Bayh (D) 44 - - - + -
IOWA
Grassley (R) 70 + - + + +
Harkin (D) 33 - + - - -
KANSAS
Brownback (R) 70 + - + + +
Roberts (R) 70 + - + + +
KENTUCKY
McConnell (R) 70 + - + + +
Bunning (R) 67 + - + + +
LOUISIANA
Landrieu (D) 40 - - - + -
Vitter (R) 70 + - + + +
MAINE
Snowe (R) 44% - - + + -
Collins (R) 50 - - + + -
MARYLAND
Sarbanes (D) 20 - - - - -
Mikulski (D) 30 - - - -
MASSACHUSETTS
Kennedy, E. (D) 25 - + - - -
Kerry (D) 33 - + - + -
MICHIGAN
Levin, C. (D) 30 - - - - -
Stabenow (D) 40 - - - + -
MINNESOTA
Dayton (D) 40 - - - + -
Coleman (R) 67 - - + + +
MISSISSIPPI
Cochran (R) 60 + - + + -
Lott (R) 60 + - + + -
MISSOURI
Bond (R) 70 + - + + +
Talent (R) 70 + - + + +
MONTANA
Baucus, M. (D) 44 - - + + -
Burns (R) 70 + - + + +
NEBRASKA
Hagel (R) 70 + - + + +
Nelson, Ben (D) 60 - - + + +
NEVADA
Reid, H. (D) 50 - - - + -
Ensign (R) 70 + - + + +
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Gregg (R) 60 + - + + -
Sununu (R) 70 + - + + +
NEW JERSEY
Lautenberg (D) 20 - + - - -
Menendez (D) 11 - + - - -
NEW MEXICO
Domenici (R) 70 + - + + +
Bingaman (D) 40 - - + + -
NEW YORK
Schumer (D) 40 - - - - -
Clinton (D) 30 - - - - -
NORTH CAROLINA
Dole (R) 80 + - + + +
Burr (R) 70 + - + + -
NORTH DAKOTA
Conrad (D) 70 - - + + -
Dorgan (D) 70 - + + -
OHIO
DeWine (R) 60 - - + + +
Voinovich (R) 70 + - + + +
OKLAHOMA
Inhofe (R) 70 + - + + +
Coburn (R) 80 + - + + +
OREGON
Wyden (D) 50% - + - + -
Smith, G. (R) 60 + - + + -
PENNSYLVANIA
Specter (R) 40 - - + + -
Santorum (R) 70 + - + + +
RHODE ISLAND
Reed, J. (D) 20 - - - - -
Chafee (R) 40 - - + + -
SOUTH CAROLINA
Graham (R) 70 + - + + +
DeMint (R) 70 + - + + +
SOUTH DAKOTA
Johnson, Tim (D) 50 - - - + -
Thune (R) 70 + - + + +
TENNESSEE
Frist (R) 60 + - + + -
Alexander, L. (R) 60 + - + + -
TEXAS
Hutchison (R) 60 + - + + -
Cornyn (R) 70 + - + + +
UTAH
Hatch (R) 60% + - + + -
Bennett (R) 60 + - + + -
VERMONT
Leahy (D) 40 - + - + -
Jeffords (I) 30 - + - + -
VIRGINIA
Warner (R) 50 - - + + -
Allen, G. (R) 70 + - + + +
WASHINGTON
Murray (D) 20 - - - + -
Cantwell (D) 20 - - - + -
WEST VIRGINIA
Byrd (D) 50 - - - + -
Rockefeller (D) 50 ? ? - + -
WISCONSIN
Kohl (D) 60 - - - + -
Feingold (D) 40 - + - +
WYOMING
Thomas, C. (R) 70 + - + + +
Enzi (R) 70 + - + + +
Votes: 36 37 38 39 40 1-40
ALABAMA
Shelby (R) + + - - + 46%
Sessions, J. (R) + + - - + 52
ALASKA
Stevens (R) + + - - + 38
Murkowski (R) + + - - + 35
ARIZONA
McCain (R) + + - - + 44
Kyl (R) + + - - + 52
ARKANSAS
Lincoln (D) - + + + + 20
Fryor (D) + + - - + 15
CALIFORNIA
Feinstein (D) ? - + + + 18
Boxer (D) - - + + + 24
COLORADO
Allard (R) + + - - + 51
Salazar, K. (D) + + - - - 24
CONNECTICUT
Dodd (D) - - + + + 25
Lieberman (D) - ? - - - 8
DELAWARE
Biden (D) - - + + + 18
Carper (D) + + + - + 25
FLORIDA
Nelson, Bill (D) + + - - + 20
Martinez (R) + + - - + 43
GEORGIA
Chambliss (R) + + - - + 50
Isakson (R) + + - - + 50
HAWAII
Inouye (D) + + + + - 35
Akaka (D) - - ? + - 23
IDAHO
Craig (R) + + - - + 48
Crapo (R) + + - - + 55
ILLINOIS
Durbin (D) - - + + - 21
Obama (D) - - - + + 21
INDIANA
Lugar (R) + + - - + 33
Bayh (D) + - ? + + 28
IOWA
Grassley (R) + + - - + 48
Harkin (D) - - ? + + 28
KANSAS
Brownback (R) + + - - + 45
Roberts (R) + + - - + 46
KENTUCKY
McConnell (R) + + - - + 46
Bunning (R) + ? - - + 49
LOUISIANA
Landrieu (D) + + - - + 26
Vitter (R) + + - - + 50
MAINE
Snowe (R) - - + ? + 31%
Collins (R) - + + - + 35
MARYLAND
Sarbanes (D) - - + + - 18
Mikulski (D) - - + + + 21
MASSACHUSETTS
Kennedy, E. (D) - - ? + ? 22
Kerry (D) - ? - + - 21
MICHIGAN
Levin, C. (D) - + + + - 23
Stabenow (D) - + + - + 28
MINNESOTA
Dayton (D) - - + + + 25
Coleman (R) + + ? - + 31
MISSISSIPPI
Cochran (R) + + - - + 41
Lott (R) + + - - + 41
MISSOURI
Bond (R) + + - - + 49
Talent (R) + + - - + 48
MONTANA
Baucus, M. (D) - ? + + 24
Burns (R) + + - - + 51
NEBRASKA
Hagel (R) + + - - + 44
Nelson, Ben (D) + + - - + 30
NEVADA
Reid, H. (D) + + + + - 23
Ensign (R) + + - - + 62
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Gregg (R) + + - - + 49
Sununu (R) + + - - + 62
NEW JERSEY
Lautenberg (D) - - + - - 15
Menendez (D) - - ? - - 19
NEW MEXICO
Domenici (R) + + - - + 38
Bingaman (D) - - + + - 23
NEW YORK
Schumer (D) - + + + + 23
Clinton (D) - + - + + 23
NORTH CAROLINA
Dole (R) + + + - + 49
Burr (R) + + + - + 50
NORTH DAKOTA
Conrad (D) + + + + + 42
Dorgan (D) + + + + + 45
OHIO
DeWine (R) + + - - + 25
Voinovich (R) + + - - + 40
OKLAHOMA
Inhofe (R) + + - - + 58
Coburn (R) + + + - + 65
OREGON
Wyden (D) - - + + + 30%
Smith, G. (R) + + - - + 36
PENNSYLVANIA
Specter (R) - + - - + 31
Santorum (R) + + - - + 44
RHODE ISLAND
Reed, J. (D) - - + + - 18
Chafee (R) - + - + - 20
SOUTH CAROLINA
Graham (R) + + - - + 48
DeMint (R) + + - - + 50
SOUTH DAKOTA
Johnson, Tim (D) + + + - + 30
Thune (R) + + - - + 54
TENNESSEE
Frist (R) + + - - + 43
Alexander, L. (R) + + - - + 47
TEXAS
Hutchison (R) + + - - + 45
Cornyn (R) + + - - + 50
UTAH
Hatch (R) + + - - + 46%
Bennett (R) + + - - + 40
VERMONT
Leahy (D) - - + + - 25
Jeffords (I) - - + - 18
VIRGINIA
Warner (R) + + - - + 33
Allen, G. (R) + + - - + 50
WASHINGTON
Murray (D) - - - + - 15
Cantwell (D) - - + - 15
WEST VIRGINIA
Byrd (D) + - + + + 35
Rockefeller (D) - + + - + 29
WISCONSIN
Kohl (D) + + + + + 28
Feingold (D) + + - 30
WYOMING
Thomas, C. (R) + + - - + 56
Enzi (R) + + - - + 59
The scores are derived by dividing a senator's conservative votes
(pluses) by the total number he cast (pluses and minuses) and
multiplying by 100. (A "?" indicates that a senator did not vote.
If a senator cast fewer than five votes in this index, a score is
not assigned.) Match numbers at the top of the chart to Senate
vote descriptions on pages 29 and 31.
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