How Common Drugs of Abuse Harm. (Reading/Science).
How Common Drugs of Abuse Harm
This chart details the effects and risks associated with the more common
drugs of abuse. Study the chart to answer the questions in the Pop Quiz
below.
Drug Effects on the Body
CIGARETTES * stimulate and sedate the central
nervous system
* cause kidneys to secrete
epinephrine, a stress hormone
COCAINE * central nervous system stimulant
* releases brain chemical dopamine
* temporarily increases energy
ECSTASY * overstimulates serotonin-
producing nerve cells
* creates short-term feelings
of pleasure and increase
energy
HEROIN * central nervous system
depressant
* induces euphoria by releasing
endorphins, hormones that
block pain and anxiety
INHALANTS * stimulate the brain to give a
temporary head rush or
high
* some inhalants dilate blood
vessels, causing the heart
to pump dangerously fast
MARIJUANA * active ingredient THC creates
feelings of mild euphoria and
relaxation
METHAMPHETAMINE * causes the release of high
levels of the brain chemical
dopamine, which creates an
intense rush and feelings of
euphoria
STEROIDS * disrupt normal hormonal
balance
* can draw out masculine traits
Drug Risks
CIGARETTES * can cause lung and heart disease,
and cancer.
* smoking while pregnant can
cause birth defects
COCAINE * can cause fatal heart and lung
failure, seizures, and strokes
* sharing needles to inject a
liquid form of the drug
increases risk of contracting
HIV, Hepatitis B and C, and
other infectious diseases
ECSTASY * can cause nausea, fainting,
and depression
* long-term use can cause memory
problems and learning
disabilities
* can cause a potentially fatal
heat condition called
hyperthermia
HEROIN * can cause vomiting, respiratory
failure, pneumonia, and
miscarriage
* chronic users may develop
collapsed veins, heart
infections, and liver disease
* sharing needles to inject heroin
increases risk of contracting
HIV, Hepatitis B and C, and
other infectious disease
INHALANTS * can damage the cardiovascular
and nervous systems, causing
headache, nausea, slurred, speech,
loss of coordination, and breathingz
difficulties
* can cause depression and memory
loss
* can cause death from suffocation
and heart failure
MARIJUANA * affects memory and coordination
* long-term use may cause lung
disease
METHAMPHETAMINE * can cause insomnia, confusion,
tremors, convulsions, and
aggressive behavior
* can damage blood vessels, cause
respiratory problems, and
irregular heartbeat
* damage to brain cells, over time
can result in a severe movement
disorder
STEROIDS * can cause aching joints, swollen
feet, acne, balding, skin to
yellow
* can stunt a teen's growth
* boys can develop breasts
* girls may sprout facial
hair
* risk of heart failure and liver
cancer
RELATED ARTICLE: POP QUIZ Noun 1. pop quiz - a quiz given without prior warning quiz - an examination consisting of a few short questions 1 How do steroids steroids, class of lipids having a particular molecular ring structure called the cyclopentanoperhydro-phenanthrene ring system. Steroids differ from one another in the structure of various side chains and additional rings. affect a user's appearance? Give two examples. 2 What are the risks of sharing needles to inject in·ject v. 1. To introduce a substance, such as a drug or vaccine, into a body part. 2. To treat by means of injection. drugs? 3 Why is the common smoker's excuse "smoking relaxes me" not true? 4 Which systems do inhalants inhalants, n.pl 1. chemical vapors that are inhaled for their mind-altering effects. 2. in herbology, volatile herbal compounds that are delivered by holding a soaked pad to the nose and mouth, by placing the herbs in steaming water, or damage? 5 Which hormone blocks pain and anxiety? ANSWER KEY Check students' responses. 1 Answers may include any two of the following: swollen feet, acne acne, common inflammatory disease of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands characterized by blackheads, whiteheads, pustules, nodules and, in the more severe forms, by cysts and scarring. The lesions appear on the face, neck, back, chest, and arms. , yellow skin, stunted growth Stunted growth is a reduced growth rate in human development. It is a primary manifestation of malnutrition in early childhood, including malnutrition during fetal development brought on by the malnourished mother. , baldness, boys developing breasts, and girls sprouting facial hair Noun 1. facial hair - hair on the face (especially on the face of a man) hair - a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss; "he combed his hair"; "each hair . 2 Sharing needles to inject drugs puts a person at risk of contracting HIV HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), either of two closely related retroviruses that invade T-helper lymphocytes and are responsible for AIDS. There are two types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is responsible for the vast majority of AIDS in the United States. , Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Definition Hepatitis B is a potentially serious form of liver inflammation due to infection by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). It occurs in both rapidly developing (acute) and long-lasting (chronic) forms, and is one of the most common chronic and C, and other infectious diseases infectious diseases: see communicable diseases. . 3 Nicotine nicotine, C10H14N2, poisonous, pale yellow, oily liquid alkaloid with a pungent odor and an acrid taste. It turns brown on exposure to air. causes kidneys to release epinephrine, a stress hormone Stress hormones such as cortisol and norepinephrine are released at periods of high stress. The hormone regulating system is known as the endocrine system. Cortisol is believed to affect the metabolic system and norepinephrine is believed to play a role in ADHD . 4 Inhalants damage the cardiovascular and nervous systems. 5 endorphins endorphins (ĕndôr`fĭnz), neurotransmitters found in the brain that have pain-relieving properties similar to morphine. There are three major types of endorphins: beta endorpins, found primarily in the pituitary gland; and enkephalins and |
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