Health effects of chemical contaminants in drinking water. (Fellowships, Grants, & Awards).Several of the contaminants on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's water contaminant contaminant /con·tam·i·nant/ (kon-tam´in-int) something that causes contamination. contaminant something that causes contamination. candidate list are among those chemicals known to induce methemoglobin methemoglobin /met·he·mo·glo·bin/ (met-he´mo-glo?bin) a hematogenous pigment formed from hemoglobin by oxidation of the iron atom from the ferrous to the ferric state. formation. There are a number of sensitive subpopulations that are more susceptible to methemoglobin formation than the general population. This request for applications (RFA RFA right frontoanterior (position of the fetus). Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) A procedure in which radiofrequency waves are used to destroy blood vessels and tissues. Mentioned in: Prenatal Surgery ) solicits proposals on the susceptibility of sensitive populations to the acute effects of methemoglobin formation from contaminants in drinking water drinking water supply of water available to animals for drinking supplied via nipples, in troughs, dams, ponds and larger natural water sources; an insufficient supply leads to dehydration; it can be the source of infection, e.g. leptospirosis, salmonellosis, or of poisoning, e.g. , as well as research on the dose--response characteristics of subpopulations susceptible to methemoglobin formation as compared to the normal population, and on whether the response to mixtures of exogenous methemoglobin inducers is additive or synergistic. Proposals might also consider species differences in metabolism of methemoglobin inducers, because species differences in metabolism may contribute to sensitivity. To better characterize the human health risk from aluminum, research is needed to determine factors that influence the occurrence of various aluminum complexes, the relative influence of such complexes on the distribution of aluminum in the body, and the dose-dependent contribution of such complexes to neurotoxic neurotoxic pertaining to or emanating from a neurotoxin. neurotoxic state a case of poisoning by a neurotoxin. neurotoxic adjective effects. Proposals might consider mechanistic factors such as 1) regulation of ion transport, cytoskeleton cytoskeleton System of microscopic filaments or fibres, present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells (see eukaryote), that organizes other cell components, maintains cell shape, and is responsible for cell locomotion and for movement of the organelles within it. effects, neurotransmitter levels, and enzyme activities following oral exposure; 2) differences between the pharmacokinetics of water, food, and inhalation exposures; 3) variations in bioavailability bioavailability /bio·avail·a·bil·i·ty/ (bi?o-ah-val?ah-bil´i-te) the degree to which a drug or other substance becomes available to the target tissue after administration. bi·o·a·vail·a·bil·i·ty n. and metabolism; and 4) other factors that affect human susceptibility, such as genetic factors, diet, age, sex, and predisposing health conditions. About $3 million is expected to be available for awards. The projected award is for total costs of up to $175,000 per year with a duration of two or three years. Instructions for applying for a Science to Achieve Results grant are found online at http://es.epa.gov/ncer/rfa/forms/downlf.html. The deadline for applications is 17 September 2001. Contact: Maggie Breville, 202-564-6893, fax: 202-565-2443, e-mail: breville.maggie@epa.gov (email inquiries are preferred). Reference: 2001-STAR-U1 |
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