Ginkgo biloba: herbal brain boost?

Eastern medical practice has made use of the ginkgo tree (L. Ginkgo biloba) for many centuries. Now extracts of ginkgo leaves are being marketed as an herbal "nootropic" or "smart drug".

In fact, there is some generally accepted evidence that Ginkgo biloba increases blood flow in the capillaries in the brain. This action may lead to improved memory, reasoning, and alertness. The herb may also work as an antioxidant, protecting brain cells from damage by free radicals. The effects of Ginkgo biloba on memory in people with MS have not been studied, and it is unclear whether increased blood circulation would have any effect on MS-related memory problems.

Large doses of Ginkgo biloba can result in unpleasant side effects such as nausea or vomiting. Proponents of the herb say that positive effects may not be noticeable until several weeks of continual use. Dosage is a bit problematic because, like other herbs, Ginkgo biloba is not a regulated drug, and consumers can't be sure of the product's potency.

Always consult a physician or healthcare professional before taking any herbal preparation, as there may be unwanted interactions with other medications.