Full compliance asked: 'less distance between two sides.' (continuing UN negotiations with Iraq)Efforts to bring Iraq into full compliance with its obligations under relevant UN Security Council resolutions continued, with meetings by Rolf Ekeus, Executive Chairman of the UN Special Commission on Iraqi disarmament disarmament Reduction in armaments by one or more nations. Arms reductions may be imposed by a war's victors on the defeated (as happened after Germany's defeat in World War I). , with high-level officials in Baghdad, ending "on a positive note" in July. A "frank, serious and comprehensive" exchange of views was held during the meetings (15-19 July), designed to "defuse de·fuse tr.v. de·fused, de·fus·ing, de·fus·es 1. To remove the fuse from (an explosive device). 2. To make less dangerous, tense, or hostile: the crisis that loomed around" Iraq's refusal to accept Council resolution 715 (1991), which provided monitoring to ensure Iraq's non-acquisition of weapons of mass destruction Weapons that are capable of a high order of destruction and/or of being used in such a manner as to destroy large numbers of people. Weapons of mass destruction can be high explosives or nuclear, biological, chemical, and radiological weapons, but exclude the means of transporting or . Some common understandings" had been reached for further discussions, Mr. Ekeus stated in a 20 July letter (S/26127). In addition, Iraq agreed to permit the installation of monitoring cameras at two rocket test sites. On 23 September, the Special Commission was informed that it would no longer be prevented from activating those cameras. High-level technical talks on how to achieve Iraq's compliance with the ban on certain weapons under Council resolution 687 (1991), were held in New York New York, state, United States New York, Middle Atlantic state of the United States. It is bordered by Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and the Atlantic Ocean (E), New Jersey and Pennsylvania (S), Lakes Erie and Ontario and the Canadian province of from 31 August to 9 September. Their overall outcome was reported as "relatively positive". Mr. Ekeus said on 13 September that Iraq was "talking seriously" about its obligations, and there was "less distance now between the two sides" than before the talks started. Encouraging news that there had been "no allegations of violations" since 7 June was reported on 12 September by the Security Council Committee established by resolution 661 (1990) concerning the situation between Iraq and Kuwait (S/26430). Sanctions Sanctions is the plural of sanction. Depending on context, a sanction can be either a punishment or a permission. The word is a contronym. Sanctions involving countries: Talks on Iraqi oil sales, provided for in Council resolutions 706 (1991) and 712 (1991), were suspended on 15 July. By 1 September, about 195 million were deposited in the UN escrow escrow Instrument, such as a deed, money, or property, that constitutes evidence of obligations between two or more parties and is held by a third party. It is delivered by the third party only upon fulfillment of some condition. account established under resolution 706 to cover the costs of the Special Commission, the Compensation Fund, the Boundary Commission, the return of all Kuwaiti property, and the humanitarian activities in Iraq. The mandate of the UN Iraq-Kuwait observation Mission (UNIKOM UNIKOM United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission ) was extended for another six months, until 31 March 1994. New York talks The New York discussions between the Special Commission and the International Atomic Energy Agency International Atomic Energy Agency: see Atomic Energy Agency, International. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) International organization officially founded in 1957 to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy. (IAEA IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency. ), on the one hand, and Iraq, on the other, proceeded in plenary session Plenary session is a term often used in s to define the part of the conference when all members of all parties are in attendance. These sessions may contain a broad range of content from Keynotes to Panel Discussions and are not necessarily related to a specific style of delivery. and five specialized group meetings on nuclear, chemical, biological, missile and operational issues. Iraq insisted that ongoing monitoring should be carried out in a "non-intrusive manner", particularly in the context of its "security, sovereignty and independence", Executive Chairman Ekeus reported (S/26451) on 10 September. The Commission suggested implementation in three stages: establishment of a monitoring and verification baseline, constructed primarily upon Iraq's declarations; inspection visits carried out as "non-intrusive and cooperative monitoring activities" for the purpose of building confidence; and possible reduction of sites to be monitored. Mr. Ekeus believed that under the "best possible circumstances", the first baseline inspections could begin "shortly after 1 December 1993", with the second stage to be "phased in as soon as the first baseline inspections were concluded". Sites to be inspected by the IAEA nuclear team were grouped into four categories: those with a previous nuclear or nuclear-related mission: sites that had provided support to the previous nuclear programme; those having capabilities useful to a reconstituted nuclear programme; and sites that might be designated for inspection as a result of new information. Technical means, such as environmental samples - water, air, vegetation, smears - gamma detectors and surveillance cameras, were to be used in all types of inspections. In order to verify that Iraq had fully complied with section C of Council resolution 687, the Special Commission and IAEA would, among other things, "need to be satisfied that Iraq had provided all necessary information" on outstanding issues that would constitute a "full, final and complete disclosure" of all programmes to develop prohibited pro·hib·it tr.v. pro·hib·it·ed, pro·hib·it·ing, pro·hib·its 1. To forbid by authority: Smoking is prohibited in most theaters. See Synonyms at forbid. 2. weapons, Mr. Ekeus said. The New York talks, he noted, had provided the opportunity to "define with greater precision" what information the Special Commission and IAEA needed in respect of the programmes concerned. Objectives met Inspection objectives were met", IAEA stated in a 20 August consolidated report (S/26333) on the results of its twentieth (25-30 June) and twenty-first (24-27 July) on-site nuclear inspections in Iraq. All in all, 21 sites had been checked. Among other things, the teams reported that: * Civil engineering preparations for the removal of irradiated fuel were "well under way"; * None of the plants at the industrial complex south of Taji had a "uniquely nuclear function", but several produced dual-use materials, which necessitated future monitoring; * Construction of new non-nuclear facilities at four former nuclear sites - Al Jazira, Al Sharqat, Al Tarmiya and Al Furat-bore "no relationship to the former nuclear work", and nuclear-related capabilities at those sites had been destroyed: * Preparations for installing surveillance cameras at machining facilities continued. The Special Commission's Chemical Destruction Group on 24 August destroyed the first batch of tabun tabun (tä`bən), liquid chemical compound used as a nerve gas. It boils at 240°C; with some decomposition. The liquid is colorless to brownish; its vapors have a fruity odor similar to that of bitter almonds. - Iraq's last remaining nerve agent Noun 1. nerve agent - a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system nerve gas agent - a substance that exerts some force or effect - at the Muthanna State Establishment. Destruction of the nerve agent precursor chemical Compounds that are required in the synthetic or extraction processes of drug production, and become incorporated into the drug molecule. Not used in the production of cocaine or heroin. N'N-dimethyidichlorophosphoric acid (D4) was completed by the Group on 18 August. The remainder of the precursor chemical thiodiethyleneglycol (thiodiglycol) - almost 154,000 litres - was destroyed the following day. On 20 August, destruction of mustard mustard, common name for the Cruciferae, a large family chiefly of herbs of north temperate regions. The easily distinguished flowers of the Cruciferae have four petals arranged diagonally ("cruciform") and alternating with the four sepals. agent resumed after a period of repair and maintenance to the incenerator in which the agent is burnt. Between June 1992 and August 1993, the Group destroyed more than 19,000 chemical munitions mu·ni·tion n. War materiel, especially weapons and ammunition. Often used in the plural. tr.v. mu·ni·tioned, mu·ni·tion·ing, mu·ni·tions To supply with munitions. - bombs, rockets, missile warheads and artillery shells - more than 91,000 litres of mustard agent, nearly 61,700 litres of nerve agents, and over 1,225,000 litres of precursor chemicals. On 2 August, inspectors from the Special Commission observed Iraq's first missile test at the Al Rafah site since the dispute over the installation of monitoring cameras. The test stand set-up was photographed prior to the firing of the rocket, and the inspectors received information on the test's purpose and reviewed the test data. |
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