Following the first Gulf War, neoconservative policy intellectuals like Richard Perle, Paul Wolfowitz, and William Kristol formed the Project for the New American Century.

Following the first Gulf War, neoconservative policy intellectuals like Richard Perle, Paul Wolfowitz, and William Kristol formed the Project for the New American Century, a think tank which advocates many of the policies--from neo-imperialism to "pre-emptive" war--that would come to inform the Bush administration's post 9/11 national-security policy. Now a group of leading scholars, foreign policy thinkers, and business lobbyists from across the political spectrum have to come together to form an alternative--what one participant describes as "the anti-imperialist coalition." They include Boston University's Andrew Bacevich, Ted Galen Carpenter and Christopher A. Preble of the Cato Institute, the New America Foundation's Steven Clemons, Georgetown University's Charles Kupchan, E. Wayne Merry of the American Foreign Policy Council, and Alan Tonelson of the U.S. Business & Industrial Council Educational Foundation.