Flame retardants.

ACETO CORP.

Phosphate flame retardants for flexible and rigid PUR: tris (beta-chloroethyl) phosphate and tris(beta-chloropropyl) phosphate.

ADELL PLASTICS, INC.

Flame-retardant thermoplastic concentrates on a custom and proprietary basis. Specializes in engineered applications. Concentrates of other additives and multifunctional concentrates available.

AKROCHEM CORP.

Alumina trihydrates, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonates, and chlorinated paraffins.

AKZO NOBEL INC.

Fyrol halogenated phosphate ester flame retardants for flexible and rigid urethanes. Products meet numerous industry and governmental standards, and reportedly allow urethane foam producers to produce FR foams cost-effectively.

ALBEMARLE CORP.

Saytex line of flame-retardant brominated additives and reactives for plastics and elastomers:

* Saytex RB-100 tetrabromo-bisphenol-A for epoxy.

* Saytex RB-79 and RB-49 brominated polyols for rigid urethane foam.

* Saytex 102E decabromodiphenyl oxide for engineering plastics.

* Saytex BCL-462 and Saytex HBCD for EPS and foamed PS.

* Saytex RB-49 tetrabromophthalic anhydride for unsaturated polyester.

* Saytex BN-451 for low-cost UL 94V-2 PP.

* Saytex BT-93 ethylene-bis (tetrabromophthalimide) for PS, polyolefins, and polyesters.

* Saytex 8010 flame retardant for HIPS and ABS applications, especially in electronic housings.

ALBRIGHT & WILSON AMERICAS

Alkyl phosphate salts for LDPE, HDPE, EVA, PP, EPDM, and copolymers. Cyclic organophosphonate esters for nylons, polyesters, and TPU.

FDA sanctioned epoxidized vegetable oil plasticizers include Epoxol 9-5 epoxidized linseed oil, and Epoxol 7-4 epoxidized soybean oil.

ALCAN CHEMICALS

Alumina trihydrates for use as flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant fillers in rubber and plastics. Low-viscosity and coated grades available.

Flamtard H and Flamtard S inorganic flame-retardant additives used in conjunction with chlorine or bromine, either as a part of the polymer backbone or in additive form. Features of Flamtard H and S include low smoke and carbon monoxide evolution, and low toxicity.

Also Flamtard Z ultrafine zinc borate and Flamtard HB1 blend.

ALCOA INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS

Series of white hydrated alumina fire retardants/smoke suppressants in a range of particle sizes. Typical applications in polyester spray-up and molding compounds, epoxy, phenolic, flexible PVC, urethane foam, and some rigid urethanes. Also two extremely fine precipitated white aluminas, Hydra1710 and 705, with median particle sizes of 1.0 micron and 0.5 micron, respectively. These ultrafine grades are said to be particularly beneficial in EPDM, XLPE and flexible PVC.

ALLIED CUSTOM GYPSUM

Valu-Fil resin filler for use with unsaturated polyester spray-up applications is a high-purity, soft-white dihydrate form of calcium sulfate designed for low-cost fire retardancy and smoke suppression in filled, room-temperature, cure resin systems. Particle size distribution is optimized to ensure superior viscosity, mixing, and processing characteristics. Standard packages of 50-lb poly-lined kraft bags or bulk super-sacks. Valu-Fil is widely used in fiberglass fabricated bathware, utility enclosures, and architectural components.

ALUCHEM INC.

Hydrated alumina flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant fillers. Twenty-one standard grades in particle-size distributions from 65-100% minus 325 mesh with median particle sizes of 2.5-30 microns. Also specialty superfine ground aluminas with median particle size of 1.5 microns and top size of less than 10 microns.

Also 12 grades of cost-effective hydrated alumina/calcium carbonate blends.

North American agent for Ultracarb high-temperature flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant mineral filler from Britain for use in thermoplastics.

ALUMINUM CO. OF AMERICA

See Alcoa Industrial Chemicals.

AMERIBROM, INC. SUB. OF DEAD SEA BROMINE GROUP

Brominated flame retardants include decabromodiphenyl oxide, dibromoneopentyl glycol and tribromoneopentyl alcohol. The latter two products are reactive flame retardants used in urethanes and unsaturated polyesters. Hexabromocyclododecane for specialty styrenics adhesives, and coatings. Pentabromotoluene for textiles. Tetrabromobisphenol-A reactive used in epoxies and unsaturated polyesters. Tribromophenyl allyl ether for foams. F-2000 series brominated epoxy resins available in molecular weights of 700 to 50,000 are primarily for use in styrenics.

For engineering polymers, in addition to decabromodiphenyl oxide, company offers a white, melt-blendable brominated acrylic polymeric flame retardant (FR1025) with superior uv stability, permanence, improved flow and flame-retardant efficiency. FR-1025M monomer, also known as pentabromobenzylmonoacrylate, is available on a developmental basis. F-2400 high-molecular-weight brominated epoxy flame retardant works well in nylon 6 and PBT compounds.

FR-1808 product can be applied with engineering resins, styrenic substrates, and olefin compositions as well. FR-1808, a proprietary composition of Dead Sea bromine, contains 73% bromine content and offers unusually high melt flow and impact properties to most thermoplastics.

Dead Sea MFR, a joint venture with Dead Sea Peniclase, produces a number of grades of magnesium hydroxide materials. Products serve the nonhalogen market as flame retardants and smoke suppressants.

AMERICHEM INC.

Flame-retardant concentrates in standard formulations or custom made. Pellets, cubes and powders available for use in most thermoplastics. Concentrates can incorporate color and/or other additives.

AMPACET CORP.

Flame-retardant concentrate No. 11341 used in polyolefin film extrusion and injection molding.

Concentrate FR 11371 reportedly can be processed at 600 F without adverse side effects and is suitable for HDPE, LDPE and their copolymers. Applications include extrusion coating of scrims for canvas replacement, construction paper and films, disposable clothing, and oil-can stock.

Concentrate FR 40173 with a maximum operating temperature of 520 F aimed primarily at unfilled PP. Its ability to disperse thoroughly and uniformly throughout the polymer reportedly makes it suitable for mono- and multifilament extrusion. Other applications are carpet backing, face yarn, rope, injection molded chairs, pipe fittings, and extruded film, sheet, and profiles.

AMSPEC CHEMICAL CORP.

Antimony oxide for flame-retardant and PET catalysts in high-tint, low-tint, and high-purity grades. Flame-retardant solid concentrates, organic-based liquid dispersions, and water-based liquid dispersions of flame retardants and other polymer additives in various carriers as custom made, value-added products.

ANZON INC.

See Great Lakes Chemical Corp.

ASARCO INC.

Four grades of antimony oxide include low-tint, high-tint, very-high-tint, and ultrapure types. Odorless, fine white crystalline powder produced in 30,000-lb lots for more consistent processing. Products packaged in 50-lb multiwalled bags, palletized and stretch-wrapped for easy handling.

BAIKOWSKI INTERNATIONAL

High-purity (99.9%), submicron aluminas and calcined aluminas classified to narrow particle size ranges. Alpha and gamma forms available. Surface-area range to 120 [m.sup.2]/g.

BAYER CORP.

Disflamoll phosphoric acid esters serve as flame-retardant plasticizers in PVC. Line includes various aryl, alkyl, and alkylaryl esters. (See Insert pp. 485-516.)

BUCKMAN LABORATORIES, INC.

Busan 11-M1 modified barium metaborate used as a synergist in most plastics. As with antimony trioxide, halogens are usually required for the additive to function. Levels of 8-12 phr recommended for initial evaluation; levels as low as 2 phr reportedly have worked in some PVC formulations. According to the company, Busan 11-M1 can be used as an extender or replacement for antimony trioxide. It is also said to be an afterglow suppressant and to help reduce the amount of toxic fumes and/or smoke during combustion, and to impart uv stabilization to films, coatings, and plastics. It is a registered biocide for long-term control of fungal growth.

Bulab Flamebloc is another modified barium metaborate flame retardant that is not registered for use as a fungicide. Its use levels are similar to those of Busan.

BURNS & RUSSELL CO. SPECIALTY CHEMICALS DIV.

Offers S/G 84 Type 34 additive for flame and smoke suppression when used in BMC, SMC and spray-up processes using polyester, PVC, PP, PE and other resins. Product is halogen-free but compatible with halogenated systems. Works through a combination synergistic mechanism, which includes dehydration. Does not cause significant loss of physical properties.

CAMPINE AMERICA L.L.C.

Joint venture between Dover Chemical and Campine S.A. of Belgium offering custom designed complex flame-retardant masterbatches and fully compounded systems developed in ISO 9001 certified development laboratory. Materials are intended for use in various thermoplastic resins including ABS, PBT, PC, PS, PE, PP and nylon. Systems are easily metered and dust-free.

CLARIANT CORP.

Business Unit Additives offers several grades of Hostaflam ammonium polyphosphate-based flame retardants for PUR foams, thermoplastics, elastomers, and thermosets.

Hostaflam AP 750 is particularly suitable for PP and PE, meeting UL94-V-0 flame retardant specifications. AP 751 fuctionalized version is for fiber reinforced PP compounds. Other new halogen-free grades are Hostaflam TP OP 550 reactive liquid phosphorous-based polyol for flexible and rigid polyether foams and Hostaflam OP 910, a mixture of cyclic phosphonic acid esters for polyester textiles.

Phosphorus- and chlorophosphorus-based organic flame retardants for use in rigid and flexible PUR foams, textiles, rigid RIM, unsaturated polyesters, epoxy- and phenolic-based laminates, and epoxy resins.

Coated red phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphates and full range of phosphate ester flame-retardant plasticizers available for PVC, urea/formaldehyde, elastomers, engineering plastics, polyolefins, and epoxy.

COZ CORP. SUB. OF ALLIED PRODUCTS CORP.

Flame-retardant concentrates in PS, ABS, and polyolefin bases supplied for varying letdown ratios.

CUSTOM GRINDERS SALES, INC.

Standard grinds of alumina trihydrate between 2 and 30 microns. All grinds available with custom surface modification. White and bayer grades of alumina trihydrate available as well as custom grinds and blends of alumina trihydrate and calcium carbonate. Calcium sulfate dihydrate can be blended with calcium carbonate on request.

CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC.

Has experimental, nonhalogenated, phosphorus-based products for polyolefins and specialty polymers.

D.J. ENTERPRISES INC.

Sillum PL-200 (SPL-200) flame-retardant filler blend of alumina and silica; and Ferro-Char B-44M organo metallocene compound for smoke suppression, which can be used with other flame retardants. Recommended for thermoplastics, PVC, urethane, epoxy and other polymers.

DOVER CHEMICAL CORP.

Chlorinated paraffins include Chlorez resin grades (70% chlorine) and Paroil and Chloroflo liquid grades (20-70% chlorine). Liquid grades serve dual function of plasticizer and flame retardant in plastics and elastomers. Resin grades serve as low-cost flame-retardant extenders for chlorinated rubber, epoxies, etc. High halogen content offers maximum flame retardancy in polyolefins, urethanes, and unsaturated polyesters. Also Chlorez 760, a 74% chlorine resin with ultra-high melt point of 320 F recommended for polyolefins and styrenics.

DSM MELAMINE AMERICAS, INC.

Melamine crystal and other products such as melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate, dimelamine phosphate and melamine diborate used in flame-retardant systems for plastics, coatings, elastomers, and foams.

EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP

Spectratech CM 11053 chlorinated/antimony oxide flame-retardant concentrate for molding and extrusion has a recommended letdown ratio of 6:1-8:1. Spectratech CM 10768 with a brominated component also used for molding and extrusion.

Spectratech MPR 12247 flame-retardant LLDPE powder for rotomolding applications is UL-approved and also available in compound form as PR 12247.

Other specially formulated Spectratech concentrates can be developed for specific applications.

FERRO CORP. KEIL CHEMICAL DIV.

Thermally-stable, brominated, polymeric additives for engineering thermoplastics and styrenics include Pyro-Chek 68PB and Pyro-Chek LM flame retardants based on brominated PS. Also Bromoklor bromo-chlorinated aliphatic compounds effective as high-halogen plasticizers. (See ads pp. 346, Cover IV.)

FLOW POLYMERS, INC.

Synpro-Ware dispersions of antimony oxide, zinc borate, and halogenated additives supplied in phosphate esters or halogenated vehicles. Custom formulations available.

FMC CORP.

Reofos triaryl phosphate ester flame-retardant plasticizers for PVC, cellulosics, and other thermoplastics. Reofos 50 and 65 provide property/cost benefits compared to TCP, TXP or mixed alkyl-aryl phosphate esters; offer rapid fluxing in calendering compounds; and good viscosity, stability and rapid fusion in plastisols.

Reofos 3600 mixed alkyl-aryl phosphate offers superior low-temperature plasticizer efficiency in vinyl. Also produces less than half the volume of smoke than typical triaryl phosphates and finds use in wire and cable jackets, vinyl-covered fabric, and general-purpose vinyl compounds.

Reoflam PB-370 solid brominated aliphatic phosphate ester is melt blendable at 355 F and has primary applications in PP, molding and fiber grades, and as a replacement for decabromodiphenyl oxide. Reoflam PB-370 with a high bromine and phosphorous content and good thermal properties offers color stability or clear colorless compounds. Also finds use in styrenic compounds such as HIPS.

FOCUS CHEMICAL CORP.

Halogen/phosphorus compounds, both reactive and additive, for use primarily in PUR and polyester formulations. Products include dimethylmethyl phosphonate and triethylphosphate.

FRANKLIN INDUSTRIAL MINERALS

Alumina trihydrate in particle sizes from 3.5 to 33 microns. Custom blends of ATH with Amical calcium carbonate serve as cost-effective systems for spray-up.

GE SILICONES

SFR 100 high-viscosity silicone fluid may be used as a flame retardant in polyolefins and needs no antimony oxide when compounded properly with a Group IIA metal organic salt and other ingredients. Will improve impact resistance of olefins, especially at low temperatures. Also results in easier mold fill and lower-temperature processing and can meet UL 94V-0/V5 flammability criteria.

GENERAL COLOR CO.

Aluminum phosphohydrate, which contains substantial moisture, may be used as a flame retardant and reportedly mixes readily with powders or pellets.

GEORGIA MARBLE CO.

Alumina trihydrate with flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant properties when used as a filler in polymeric materials. Recommended for SMC, BMC, PVC, thermosets, thermoplastics, elastomeric copolymer, and wire and cable. Available in fine to medium grades, white and off-white.

GLS COMPOSITE MATERIALS DIV.

Supplies antimony trioxide filler.

GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL CORP.

Additive brominated flame retardants for thermoplastic and thermoset resins. Additive types include decabromodiphenyl oxide (DE-83R), bistribromophenoxyethane (FF-680), octabromodiphenyl oxide (DE-79), pentabromodiphenyl oxide (DE-71), dibromopolyphenylene oxide (PO-64P), polydibromostyrene (PDBS-80), and two carbonate oligomers of tetrabromobisphenol A (BC-52 and BC-58), which are compounded into thermoplastics such as HIPS, ABS, PP, PE, nylon, and polyester. Products also used for LDPE and EPDM wire and cable insulation. Tetrabromophthalate ester (DP-45) recommended for flexible PVC. Pentabromodiphenyl oxide (DE-60F Special, DE-61 and DE-62) and Firemaster 642 (a proprietary halogenated phosphate ester) may be used as an additive system for flexible urethane foam. Hexabromocyclododecane (CD-75P) and tetrabromobisphenol A-bis allyl ester (BE-51), and tribromophenol allyl ether (PHE-65) recommended for expanded PS foam.

Reactive brominated flame retardants include tetrabromobisphenol A (BA-59P), bishydroxyethyl ether of TBBA (BA-50P), and tetrabromophthalic anhydride (PHT-4) for epoxies and unsaturated polyesters. Dibromostyrene can be reacted into any polymer system to replace styrene monomer. For rigid urethanes, a diol of tetrabromophthalic anhydride (PHT-4 Diol) is used as a reactive flame retardant.

Intumescent flame retardants available as alternatives to conventional brominated products. NH-1511 and NH-1197 are phosphorus-based flame retardants for PP, PE, thermoplastic polyester and epoxy resins. Available as liquids or solids with a range of organic bromine content, melt points, and organic solubilities.

Grades of antimony oxide include high-tint TMS, low-tint Trutint, and submicron Microfine. Available as dry powders; damped with oils, water or plasticizers; dispersions in oils, water or plasticizers; or predispersed in nondusting forms under the tradenames of Fyrebloc for pellet concentrates and Envirostrand for a high-loading patented strand product.

Fyrebloc and Envirostrand products can incorporate other flame retardants such as halogens, in addition to antimony, and can be tailored to suit application requirements. Range of standard products available to suit most polymers.

Smokebloc smoke suppressants and inorganic flame-retardant synergists primarily designed for PVC, but have application in other polymer areas. Products include Ongard 2 magnesium/zinc complex with strong smoke suppressancy and flame-retardant synergism; AZ products, which incorporate both antimony and zinc chemistry; and Smokebloc Eleven and Twelve, which incorporate antimony and molybdenum chemistry.

Distributes Ultracarb nonhalogenated flame retardant/smoke suppressant manufactured in Britain. Distributes ammonium polyphosphates and melamine phosphates manufactured in Spain.

M.A. HANNA COLOR

Specialty concentrates in solid or liquid form contain fire retardants, colorants, fillers, antioxidants, uv stabilizers, silicones, blowing agents, slip agents, or anti-stats.

M.A. HANNA ENGINEERED MATERIALS

Flame-retardant concentrates for use in PE and PP. At proper letdowns, products meet UL, NFPA, and SAE specifications.

HARWlCK CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING

Fyraway flame retardants are proprietary blends of various flame-retardant additives for ease of handling and lower flame-retardant costs. Custom blends and concentrates available.

Mastermix dispersions are customized single- or multicomponent blends of flame-retardant additives for fast incorporation and superior dispersion of ingredients in polymeric systems.

HOECHST CELANESE CORP.

See Clariant Corp.

HOWARD INDUSTRIES

Flame-retardant concentrates with additive loadings up to 98% for PE, PP, nylon, HIPS, and other resins.

J.M. HUBER CORP. ENGINEERED MINERALS DIV.

Standard and surface-modified alumina trihydrate and Zerogen flame retardants. ATH available in particle distributions from 0.8 to 65 microns average diam. Surface treatments used to improve processing and performance properties of ATH-filled compounds include silanes, stearates, and proprietary wetting agents. Micral series of mechanically produced ultrafine ATH with extremely fine particle distributions reportedly provides excellent flame retardance, along with high physical properties.

Zerogen magnesium hydroxide-based flame retardant/smoke suppressant with processing temperature stability to 630 F can be processed in PP, TP polyesters and other engineered thermoplastics. Available in particle distributions from 1 to 6 microns average diam.

KAISER LAROCHE HYDRATE PARTNERS

High-purity hydrated alumina used as flame retardants/smoke suppressants in thermosets and thermoplastics such as polyester SMC, BMC and spray-up. Various particle sizes available.

KENRICH PETROCHEMICALS INC.

Ken-React pyrophosphate-derived titanate coupling agents are said to act also as flame retardants. When used with mineral fillers, they reportedly enhance flame resistance without an increase in cost or handling difficulty or loss of physical and rheological properties relative to unfilled or lightly filled compounds. Product is said to prevent splaying or exudation of antimony oxide/halogen-type systems.

LAUREL INDUSTRIES INC.

Ultrafine II antimony oxide with an average size of 0.20 to 0.40 microns improves physical properties in most thermoplastics, elastomers, and thermosets.

Fireshield L and H grades in particle sizes of 2.5-3.5 and 1-1.8 microns, respectively. Fireshield L has lower tint strength and Fireshield H is less degrading on physical properties.

HPM high-purity antimony oxide is suitable for fiber, electronics, and specialty applications.

Also LSFR proprietary low-smoke, flame-retardant synergist for PVC and other polymers.

Dechlorane Plus chlorinated organic flame retardant is an aliphatic, nonplasticizing, nonreactive, low-density, thermally stable product, which provides char formation for nondripping flame-retardant formulations. It has applications in nylon, PBT, ABS, polyolefins, elastomers, HIPS and epoxy, and suitable to formulations where colorability, hydrolytic stability, electrical properties, uv stability, and flammability performance are important. Char-forming characteristic of Dechlorane Plus allows for low-smoke formulations. Synergist packages for wire and cable formulations also significantly reduce the corrosivity of the smoke. Flame-retardant formulation technology provides high CTI values in both nonglass and glass-reinforced nylon.

Nonantimony oxide synergist formulations for flame-retardant nylon and epoxy are available.

Dechlorane Plus 35 available for applications where fine particle size is critical. (See ad p. 357.)

THE R.J. MARSHALL CO.

Charmax flame retardants and smoke suppressants include proprietary Charmax LS complexes used in low-smoke polymer compositions for wire and cable, Charmax FRs used as antimony oxide replacements, an ultrafine ammonium octamolybdate, zinc stannates, and zinc borates for halogenated and nonhalogenated polymers. Also Hydramax magnesium hydroxides and hydroxy carbonates and Hydrax alumina hydrates ranging from 1-10 microns.

MARTIN MARIETTA MAGNESIA SPECIALTIES INC.

MagShield magnesium hydroxides for flame-retardant/smoke-suppressant applications. More thermally stable than ATH, MagShield powders are available in fine and ultra-fine particle sizes, both surface-treated and nontreated. Standard product recommended for low-loading requirements in resins such as PVC. Ultra-fine and surface-treated products may be used in various resins and applications, including wire and cable coatings. (See ads pp. 335, 358.)

MELAMINE CHEMICALS, INC.

Melamine crystal used in intumescent coatings as a blowing agent to produce flame-retardant resins and as an additive to PUR foams and other polymers.

Melamine, a basic monomer (2,4,6-triamino 1,3,5-s-triazine), is 66.6% nitrogen, sublimes at 660 F, and will not ignite. Four different particle size distributions available.

MERECO PRODUCTS DIV. METACHEM RESINS CORP.

Metagel 166FRN flame-retardant epoxy-based resin also aids in moisture resistance and electrical properties. Can be used for electronic-component and integrated-circuit applications and comes in colors. Reportedly provides thixotrophy and viscosity control in component dip, coating operations. Products also offered for casting or coating operations.

MILLENNIUM PETROCHEMICALS INC.

See Equistar Chemicals, LP.

MONSANTO CO. APPLIED CHEMISTRY BUSINESS

See Solutia Inc.

MORTON INTERNATIONAL, INC. MORTON PERFORMANCE CHEMICALS

Versamag magnesium hydroxide and Elastocarb basic magnesium carbonate for various polymers as flame retardants and smoke suppressants. Versamag Tech powder and Elastocarb Tech Light for rigid PVC and PUR in 25-40 phr for smoke suppression. Special grades of Versamag used in PE and PP at 50-60% loadings to achieve UL 94 V-0 and maintain polymer melt flow and physical properties.

OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP.

See Laurel Industries Inc.

PLASTIC FILLER SALES, INC.

Flame-retardant line of ground calcium sulfate in 50-lb bags, bulk bags, and bulk truckloads. Custom blends and calcium carbonate available.

POLYCOM HUNTSMAN INC.

See Spartech Compounding.

POLYMER PRODUCTS CO.

Endura halogenated and nonhalogenated flame-retardant concentrates for styrenics, olefinics, and engineering resins.

PQ CORP.

BurnEx powder forms of antimony pentoxide offer the flammability performance of antimony oxide without white pigmenting effects for a full pallet of color options including natural translucent. BurnEx ADP494 retains impact strength without pigmentation in FR-ABS because of its nanosized particles. BurnEx A1590 and A1588P are used in epoxy molding compounds in high-performance electronics. BurnEx ZTA is a zero tint antimony for PVC. BurnEx 2000 flame retardants are PP-based masterbatches made with antimony pentoxide and brominated compounds for extruded or injection molded PP.

Also Nyacol nanosized dispersions of antimony pentoxide in water or organic liquid. Nyacol APE1540 is a dispersion in unsaturated polyester resin used in polyester and vinylester resins. Nyacol AP50 recommended for translucent epoxy laminates. Nyacol water-based colloidal sols are compatible with most anionic latices for clear coatings and adhesives.

RMc INDUSTRIES, INC.

Magnesium hydroxide fillers reportedly improve smoke suppression in PVC, EVA and PE applications. Magnum-White and MGH-93 milled to mean particle sizes of 2, 10 and 30 microns.

Magnum-White contains a minimum of 35% magnesium hydroxide and MGH93 a minimum of 85%. Users are reporting significant reduction or elimination of antimony in their applications.

SAFR COMPOUNDS CORP.

FRC 70 nonhalogen flame-retardant concentrate for PP and PE achieves UL 94V-0 ratings down to 1/32 in. (60% FRC 70). Compounds with FRC 70 are nonblooming, nonmoisture-sensitive, and have relatively low density (1.03-1.10 g/cc) when combined with unfilled resins. Typical use levels are in the range of 3060% depending on the resin MFI, part thickness, and desired UL rating.

FR-2, FR-10, and FR-20 nonhalogen flame-retardant compounds in 2, 10, and 20 melt flow ranges available in both homopolymer and copolymer PP, and high-density PE using an ethylenediamine phosphate nonhalogen system. Custom compounds can be designed.

A. SCHULMAN INC.

Polyflam flame-retardant concentrates include Polyflam RS 425C3 for 3:1 letdown in high-heat, high-impact PS to give UL 94V-0; and highly stable Polyflam RCP 770 for LDPE and HDPE film with letdown ratios from 10:1 to 4:1.

SHERWIN-WILLIAMS CHEMICALS

White Kemgard zinc and molybdenum-based flame retardants and smoke suppressants for PVC and other polymers. In PVC they are effective replacements (partial or complete) for antimony oxide and also reduce smoke. Additional applications include polyolefins, polyesters, styrenics, nylon, and ABS/PVC alloys.

Products include Kemgard 911A and 425 calcium, zinc and molybdenum complexes for vinyl plastisols, extruded wire and cable, wallcoverings, and calendered films; Kemgard 981 zinc phosphate-based additive for calendered PVC, vinyl upholstery, and polyolefins; and Kemgard 911C and 501 molybdenum complexes for flexible and semi-rigid PVC where high processing temperatures are encountered and increased thermal stability is required.

SOLUTIA INC.

Santicizer nonhalogenated phosphate ester plasticizers and resin modifiers for PVC, cellulose acetate, and engineering thermoplastics offer properties such as low smoke, low-temperature flexibility, fast fusion, low volatility, FDA acceptability, and improved flowability for glass-filled polymer systems.

Phos-Chek P/30 and P/40 ammonium polyphosphate-based flame retardants traditionally used for intumescent surface coatings. Also low-smoke, nonhalogen additives specifically designed for PP, PE (LDPE, HDPE, and crosslinked), and PUR. Phos-Chek can be used in textiles and building materials (wall coverings, ceiling tiles, roofing products, and chip board).

Tetrathal tetrachlorophthalic anhydride is a reportedly versatile, permanent, low-cost flame retardant for polyester resins used in construction, transportation, and chemical and food preparation equipment.

SPARTECH COMPOUNDING

Two stock polyethylene flame-retardant concentrates: A25656 for use in higher temperature blown or cast film applications using LDPE, LLDPE, and EVA; and A26913 for use in light color applications with maximum processing temperatures of 425 F. A27529 polystyrene flame-retardant concentrate for use in foamed polystyrene applications.

STANDRIDGE COLOR CORP.

Flame-retardant concentrates for fibers and film. Available in custom or standard formulations. Colorants or other additives can be included.

TECHMER PM

Halogenated or nonhalogenated concentrates for polyolefins in extrusion coating, cast and blown film, injection molding, sheet, and profiles.

TEKNOR COLOR CO. SUB. OF TEKNOR APEX CO.

Flame-retardant concentrates for PE and PS at various letdown ratios and for PVC wire and cable applications.

UNITED MINERAL & CHEMICAL CORP.

Offers full range of antimony trioxides.

U.S. BORAX INC.

Firebrake ZB (2ZnO.3[B.sub.2][O.sub.3]3.5[H.sub.2]O) as a partial or complete replacement for antimony oxide in PVC, polyolefin, nylon, epoxy, and rubber products. In contrast to antimony oxide, Firebrake ZB can also function as a smoke and afterglow suppressant, as well as an antitracking agent. It can also reduce the rate of heat release of flexible PVC, polyphenylene oxide and HIPS, and has been used in conjunction with alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, or a silicone source in halogen-free systems.

Firebrake 500 (anhydrous zinc borate) for engineering polymers processed at temperatures above 554 F, which is the upper limit for Firebrake ZB. It is reported to be an effective smoke suppressant in fluoropolymers, a flame-retardant in nylons, and effective in reducing rate of heat release in polyether ketones and polysulfones.

Newly patented Firebrake 415 zinc borate has a high dehydration temperature of 415 C. Water given off at a high temperature helps to form a foamy and insulative char. Product is reported to be an effective fire retardant in nylons. Can also function as a smoke suppressant in flexible PVC.

U.S. GYPSUM CO.

USG LP Filler #2, the dihydrate form of calcium sulfate, is made by fine grinding select gypsum containing 17-20% water of crystallization. Because of the water, LP Filler #2 can provide fire retardancy in a room-temperature curable system such as unsaturated polyester spray-up. Depending on the resin system, LP Filler #2 allows over 50-55% loading levels and is finely divided, nonabrasive, nontoxic, and easily dispersed.

VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORP.

Chlorendic anhydride solid reactive flame retardant has a stable bicyclic structure. An acid anhydride with a chlorine content of 54.5%, it is used as a flame retardant and corrosion-resistant agent for unsaturated polyester and alkyd resins, and as a crosslinking agent in epoxy. Systems containing chlorendic anhydride can be formulated to obtain a range of responses in the ASTM-E84 tunnel test, as well as the UL 94 tests, and to meet military specifications.