FISHES OF THE NEWPORT CHEMICAL DEPOT, VERMILLION COUNTY, INDIANA.ABSTRACT: Thirty-two species of fishes are known from the Newport Chemical Depot The Newport Chemical Depot is a bulk chemical storage and destruction facility in west central Indiana, thirty miles north of Terre Haute operated by the United States Army. The total area of the depot is 7,098 acres (28. , Vermillion County, Indiana Vermillion County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2000, the population is 16,788. The county seat is Newport6. It is included in the Terre Haute, Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. (including its Little Raccoon Creek Raccoon Creek may refer to:
See also: Gizzard (Clupeidae), 13 species of minnows (Cyprinidae), five species of suckers (Catostomidae), two species of catfishes (Ictaluridae), five species of darters (Percidae), 3 species of sunfish sunfish, common name for members of the family Centrachidae, comprising numerous species of spiny-finned, freshwater fishes with deep, laterally flattened bodies found in temperate North America. and the largemouth bass largemouth bass see micropterus salmoides. (Centrarchidae), and mottled sculpin The mottled sculpin, Cottus bairdii, is a sculpin (family Cottidae) found widely although unevenly throughout North America. As the name suggests, its coloration is a combination of bars, spots, and speckles randomly distributed. The large pectoral fins are banded. (Cottidae). The most abundant species are the red-bellied dace (Phoxinus erythrogaster), creek chub Chub, in the Bible Chub (kŭb), in the Bible, an African people. This may be a textual error for Lub (i.e., Lubim). chub, in zoology chub: see minnow. (Semotilus atromaculatus), black-nosed dace (Rhinichthys atratulus), silverjaw minnow minnow, common name for the Cyprinidae, a large family of freshwater fish which includes the carp (Cyprinus carpio), and of which there are some 300 American species. The European minnow is Phoxinus phoxinus. (Notropis buccatus), central stoneroller stone·roll·er n. 1. A minnow (Campostoma anomalum) of the central and southern United States, having a horny ridge near the edge of the lower lip used for scraping food from the bottom of a body of water. 2. (Campostoma anomalum), orangethroat darter darter or anhinga (ănhĭng`gə), common name for a very slender, black water bird very closely related to the cormorant. (Etheostoma spectabile), common white sucker The white sucker, Catostomus commersonii, is a bottom-feeding freshwater fish inhabiting North America from Labrador in the north to Georgia and New Mexico in the south. (Catostomus commersoni Catostomus commersoni the common sucker fish, a secondary host for Metorchis conjunctus, a fluke of cats and dogs. ), green sunfish The green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) is a species of freshwater fish in the sunfish family (family Centrarchidae) of order Perciformes. It is native to a wide area of North America east of the Rocky Mountains, from the Hudson Bay basin in Canada to the Gulf Coast in the (Lepomis cyanellus), and bluntnose minnow The bluntnose minnow (Pimephales notatus), is a species of temperate freshwater fish belonging to the Pimephales genus of the cyprinid family. The natural geographic range extends from the Great Lakes south along the Mississippi River basin to Louisiana, and east across (Pimephales notatus). No federal or state listed species of fish has been observed at the Newport Chemical Depot to date. KEYWORDS: Fishes, Newport Chemical Depot, Vermillion County, Indiana. INTRODUCTION Both the Indiana Academy of Science's Committee on Biodiversity and Conservation and the Indiana Department of Natural Resources' Technical Advisory Committee on Mammals have recommended that the natural areas of Indiana be surveyed for their biotic biotic /bi·ot·ic/ (bi-ot´ik) 1. pertaining to life or living matter. 2. pertaining to the biota. bi·ot·ic adj. 1. Relating to life or living organisms. diversity. The Department of Defense has also recommended that areas under its control be surveyed, especially for federally endangered and threatened species. This study and similar studies at Newport on the mammals (this issue), reptiles and amphibians amphibians members of the animal class Amphibia. Includes frogs, toads, newts, salamanders and cecilians all capable of living on land or in water. (this issue), and birds (Chandler and Weiss, 1996) were undertaken to partially fulfill these objectives. The Newport Chemical Depot (formerly the Newport Army Ammunition Plant) is located in northern Vermillion County, Indiana, and is a former munitions mu·ni·tion n. War materiel, especially weapons and ammunition. Often used in the plural. tr.v. mu·ni·tioned, mu·ni·tion·ing, mu·ni·tions To supply with munitions. manufacturing facility covering 2,874 ha. The depot has acted as both producer and/or repository for various military munitions since the early 1940's and currently stores VX nerve agent Noun 1. nerve agent - a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system nerve gas agent - a substance that exerts some force or effect . The VX must be disposed of by 2007 in accordance with the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons Treaty. Approximately half of the plant is in agricultural land. The remainder is covered by natural habitats, mostly grassland and forest, but with some ponds and a small amount of marsh (Chandler and Weiss, 1996). The main part of the plant is fenced and contains three small streams, offering habitat to freshwater fishes. The depot also includes part of an unnamed stream running toward the Wabash River Wabash River River, flowing westward across Indiana, U.S. After crossing Indiana, the Wabash forms the 200-mi (320-km) southern section of the Indiana-Illinois boundary below Terre Haute, Ind. east of State Route 63. In addition, the depot has easement rights for 388 ha of land that includes Little Raccoon Creek (Figure 1). Two previous surveys in this area yielded a total of 19 species of fishes (Table 1). Gammon, et al. (1974) collected 10 species in Little Raccoon Creek, approximately 6.5 km south of the depot. Bender and Pearson (1975) reported sixteen species of fishes from the Newport Chemical Depot. Whitaker (1994) listed four species, two state endangered and two of state special concern, respectively, as potentially present: Notropis ariommus, Etheostoma camuram, Moxostoma valen ciennesi, and Ammocrypta pellucida. Notropis ariommus is currently listed as extirpated from Indiana. Ammocrypta pellucida was present earlier in Vigo County (Whitaker and Wallace, 1973) but had not been seen in the County in a number of years until two were taken in Prairie Creek in 1999. We undertook this study to assess the distribution and abundance of the fishes present at the Newport Chemical Depot. STUDY SITE Habitat for fishes consists of four main water courses: Little Vermillion Creek, Little Raccoon Creek, and Jonathon Creek within the fenced area and an unnamed creek east of State Route 63 which is also part of the depot (Figure 1). Each of these streams is relatively small, averaging approximately 5 m in width and typically under 1/2 m in depth. As the creeks branch outside the depot, they tend to increase in width and, at some points, reach nearly 10 m. The depth remains relatively constant. The bottom types associated with these creeks include sand/silt, gravel, and stone. The current is moderate in late spring and early summer. Flow becomes much slower toward late summer as water levels decrease, and, ultimately, the creeks become dry except for isolated pools, averaging 2-4 m in width and up to 1 m in depth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen seine collections were made in 1993-1994 (Whitaker, 1994) and 135 in 1998. Four areas were seined in 1993-1994, and 3 of those 4 were seined again in 1998 (Little Vermillion Creek, Little Raccoon Creek, and Jonathon Creek). The number of seinings per area varied according to according to prep. 1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians. 2. In keeping with: according to instructions. 3. the area's size and location: 94 collections were made along Little Vermillion Creek; 38 collections along Little Raccoon Creek; 17 collections along Jonathon Creek; and 2 collections along the unnamed creek. Of the 16 collections made in 1994, 11 were from outside the depot's perimeter fence perimeter fence perimeter n → Umzäunung f but within 2.5 km of the site. All collections were made on depot property or on land under easement rights. The majority of the collections made in 1998 (112 of 135) were from within the perimeter fence; therefore, all were made on depot property. Collections were made using a 15- or 30-foot, 1/4-inch mesh seine. A few fishes were collected in minnow traps set for salamanders at a beaver pond and at a man-made pond (6200 holding pond) on depot property. RESULTS A total of 32 species of fishes has been taken to date from the Newport Chemical Depot and its Little Raccoon Creek easement (Table 1). Four of these species, Etheostoma flabellare, Notropis atherinoides Noun 1. Notropis atherinoides - small blunt-nosed fish of Great Lakes and Mississippi valley with a greenish luster emerald shiner shiner - any of numerous small silvery North American cyprinid fishes especially of the genus Notropis , Cyprinus carpio Cyprinus carpio farmed finfish in family Cyprinidae. Called also common carp. See Table 23. , and Ameiurus natalis, have not been taken in the depot proper but were captured only in the Little Raccoon Creek easement downstream from the depot. The 16 species reported by Bender and Pearson (1975) included 2 species, the warmouth war·mouth n. pl. war·mouths or warmouth A freshwater sunfish (Lepomis gulosus) of the eastern and midwestern United States, having an olive color, a large mouth, and minute teeth on its tongue. (Lepomis gulosus) and the American brook lamprey (Lampetra appendix The American brook lamprey (Lampetra appendix) is an endangered lamprey. ), not taken on depot property during the current study. In addition, the yellow bullhead The yellow bullhead, Ameiurus natalis, is a species of bullhead catfish. Yellow bullheads are typically yellow-olive to slaty-black on the back and sometimes mottled depending on habitat. (Ameiurus natalis) was collected by Gammon, et al. (1974) in the Little Raccoon Creek easement but was not observed during the current survey. The Fish Species Petromyzontidae (Lampreys). The American brook lamprey (Lampetra appendix) was reported by Bender and Pearson (1975) but was not taken on depot property by Whitaker (1994) or in 1998. One specimen was taken in the Little Vermillion River Vermilion River or Vermillion River is the name of several rivers: In Canada
Clupeidae (Herrings). The gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) was uncommon at Newport; just one individual was observed in Little Raccoon Creek. The gizzard shad is a river species and should rarely be found in the small streams at Newport. Cyprinidae (Minnows). Thirteen species of cyprinids were found during the present study, the most abundant being the redbelly dace (Phoxinus erythrogaster; 3,584 individuals), creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus; 2,871), blacknose dace (Rhinichthys atratulus; 1,932), central stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum; 725), silverjaw minnow (Notropis buccatus; 705), striped shiner shiner: see minnow. shiner Any of several small freshwater fishes (genera Notemigonus and Notropis, family Cyprinidae). The common shiner (Notropis cornutus) is a blue and silver minnow up to 8 in. (20 cm) long. (Luxilus chrysocephalus; 99), and bluntnose minnow (Pimephales notatus; 93). Of these, the creek chub, blacknose dace, stoneroller, and striped shiner occurred in all four streams, whereas the redbelly dace and silverjaw minnow occurred in all but the unnamed creek. Four of these species (the creek chub, central stoneroller, silverjaw minnow, and bluntnose minnow) are among the most abundant cyprinids in adjacent Vigo County (Whitaker and Wallace, 1973); the redbelly and blacknose dace are found only in northern Vigo County west of the Wabash River: and the striped shiner is localized about Otter Creek Otter Creek may refer to:
The spotfin shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera) is common in Vigo County (Whitaker and Wallace, 1973), and we were surprised that it was not more common at Newport. Both the redfin shiner (Lythrurus umbratilis) and suckermouth minnow (Phenacobius mirabilis) occur in relatively low numbers in Vigo County and, likewise, at the Newport Chemical Depot. River species such as the emerald shiner Noun 1. emerald shiner - small blunt-nosed fish of Great Lakes and Mississippi valley with a greenish luster Notropis atherinoides shiner - any of numerous small silvery North American cyprinid fishes especially of the genus Notropis (Notropis atherinoides), sand shiner (Notropis stramineus), and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were taken in low numbers at the plant because of the small size and intermittent nature of the streams. Catostomidae (Suckers). Five species of suckers have been found at or near Newport, but the common white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) was the only common one. White suckers were found in all four streams. We were surprised that more northern hog suckers (Hypentelium nigricans Noun 1. Hypentelium nigricans - widely distributed in warm clear shallow streams hog molly, hog sucker sucker - mostly North American freshwater fishes with a thick-lipped mouth for feeding by suction; related to carps ) were not taken as they are common in Vigo County (Whitaker and Wallace, 1973). The species of Moxostoma and Carpiodes are larger stream or river species, explaining their low abundance. Ictaluridae (Catfish). Only two individual ictalurids were taken at the Newport Chemical Depot. A black bullhead The black bullhead, Ameiurus melas, is a species of bullhead catfish. Like other bullhead catfish, they have the ability to thrive in waters that are low in oxygen, brackish, turbid and/or very warm.[1]. (Ameiurus natalis) was taken in a minnow trap in a beaver pond in the center of the study area (Figure 1), and a yellow bullhead (Ameriurus natalis) was taken in the Little Raccoon Creek easement by Gammon, et al. (1974). Surprisingly, the brindled brin·dled adj. Tawny or grayish with streaks or spots of a darker color. [Alteration of Middle English brended, probably from brende, past participle of brennen, to burn madtom madtom: see catfish. (Noturus miurus) was not taken although it occurs in the rocky streams of this area. The madtom's absence is probably a result of the intermittent nature of the streams. Percidae (Darters and Perch). Five species of percids were observed at Newport. The orangethroat darter (Etheostoma spectabile) and johnny darter (Etheostoma nigrum) were the two most widespread and abundant. These two species were also the most common darters in adjacent Vigo County (Whitaker and Wallace, 1973). We observed low numbers of fantail fantail a horse's tail cut and pulled so that it protrudes only a few inches beyond the end of the butt. darters (Etheostoma flabellare) and greenside green·side adj. Sports Situated beside a putting green: a greenside bunker. Adj. 1. darters (Etheostoma blennioides). These species are both inhabitants
The game is based loosely on the concepts from SameGame. of rocky-bottomed streams, and their presence is due to the abundance of this habitat at Newport. We observed one log perch (Zool.) an ethiostomoid fish, or darter (Percina caprodes); - called also hogfish and rockfish. See also: Log (Percina caprodes) in Little Raccoon Creek. The log perch is not abundant in adjacent Vigo County (Whitaker and Wallace, 1973), and its distribution at Newport is probably limited both by the small size and intermittent nature of the streams. Centrarchidae (Sunfishes and Bass). Three species of centrarchids were taken during our studies: the bluegill bluegill: see sunfish. bluegill Popular game fish (Lepomis macrochirus) and one of the best-known sunfishes throughout its original range, the freshwater habitats of the central and southern U.S. It has been introduced throughout the western U.S. (Lepomis macrochirus), green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus), and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides Micropterus salmoides finfish in family Centrarchidae. Called also largemouth bass. See Table 23. ). All are common in the larger streams of Vigo County, but none are small stream species, explaining their low numbers at the depot. Most (113 of 118) of the green sunfish were caught in minnow traps in a beaver pond and man-made pond (6100 holding pond). The warmouth (Lepomis gulosus) was reported by Bender and Pearson (1975), but this species was not taken during our survey. Cottidae (Sculpins). The mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi) is relatively abundant at Newport, a reflection, in part, of the amount of stony bottom stream habitat. Whitaker and Wallace (1973) did not report this species from Vigo County, and its distribution in Indiana is concentrated in the northern and eastern portions of the State (Gerking and Lagler, 1945). DISCUSSION The four streams differed somewhat in species diversity. The numbers of established species in each (as indicated by ten or more individuals being taken) are summarized in Table 2. Fourteen of 22 species taken in Little Raccoon Creek were well-established species. Since Little Eagle Creek Eagle Creek may refer to: A number of locations in Saskatchewan, Canada:
Jonathon Creek and Little Vermillion Creek each had the same eight well established species, indicating the similarity of these two streams. The 6 established species that dropped out from the community at Little Raccoon Creek were: 2 minnows (Pimephales notatus and Lythrurus umbratilus), 2 darters (Etheostoma nigrum and E. fiabellare), 1 sucker (Carpiodes velifer), and the sculpin sculpin, common name for a member of the large family Cottidae, bizarre fishes with large, spiny or armored heads and short, tapering bodies, found in both marine and freshwater habitats. The family includes the muddlers and some species called bullheads. (Cottus bairdi). A few johnny darters, blunt-nosed minnows, and a sculpin were taken in Little Vermillion Creek, and 3 johnny darters were taken in Jonathon Creek. The unnamed creek, the smallest of the four streams in terms of both width and depth, contained the fewest species (9) and the lowest number of well-established species (6). Eight species that were well established in at least one of the other streams were not taken here. The unnamed creek differed from the other three in having less variation in bottom substrate; it was the only stream with a mostly rocky, flat bottom. Also, only two collections were made from this stream, which, coupled with low habitat variation, probably explains the low species diversity. As previously noted, Gammon, et al. (1974) found one yellow bullhead (Ameiurus natalis) 6.5 km south of the depot in Little Raccoon Creek. Bender and Pearson (1975) found 2 species at Newport which were not found during the present study -- the warmouth (Lepomis gulosus) and American brook lamprey (Lampetra appendix). The warmouth is most abundant in permanent ponds, and the American brook lamprey typically inhabits large, clear creeks and small rivers. We would not expect either species to occur in the shallow streams in and near the depot. A few species which were not found in the immediate vicinity of Newport were found downstream in Little Raccoon Creek or in its tributary, Buck Creek Buck Creek can refer to: Places
He studied engraving under Nicholas Briot, and about 1635 received a post in connection with the Mint. of the Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), independent agency of the U.S. government, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It was established in 1970 to reduce and control air and water pollution, noise pollution, and radiation and to ensure the safe handling and in 1994 using an electroshocker. The creek chubsucker (Erimyzon oblongus; 2 individuals) and yellow bullhead (Ameiurus natalis; 5 individuals) were taken in Buck Creek. The yellow bullhead was taken only in the Little Raccoon Creek easement, probably because of the small size and intermittent nature of the streams at Newport. Other species taken in Buck Creek were (in decreasing order): Cyprinidae: the creek chub (197 individuals), cental cen·tal n. See hundredweight. [From Latin centum, hundred; see dek  in Indo-European roots. stoneroller
minnow (156), redbelly dace (74), blacknose dace (73), silverjaw minnow
(65), bluntnose minnow (54), and common carp (9);
Catostomidae: the white sucker (21); Percidae: the orangethroat darter (60), johnny darter (25), and fantail darter (9); Centrarchidae: the green sunfish (1); and Cottidae: the mottled sculpin (1). Newport has relatively little diversity in its fish fauna--only 32 species. In contrast, 56 species have been taken at another locality, Otter Creek, in Vigo County. Nevertheless, an interesting fish community exists at the depot, including the redbelly dace, blacknose dace, and mottled sculpin. The depot may serve as a possible refuge for these and other species as man's impact on the environment continues to result in habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation. No federal or state listed fish species have been observed at the depot to date. A necessary ingredient in preserving biodiversity is the setting aside of large natural areas. The 2,874 ha which make up the Newport Chemical Depot provide an opportunity to do exactly that. We recommend that once the military completes its mission, the portions of the Newport Chemical Depot that currently are natural habitats be set aside as a natural area/preserve. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Phillip Cox of Mason and Hanger Corp. at the Newport Chemical Depot for help and encouragement throughout the study and the United States Army Materiel Command The U.S. Army Materiel Command (AMC) is an Army Major Command (MACOM) responsible for materiel readiness, to include technology, acquisition support, materiel development, logistics power projection, and sustainment. , Installation and Services Activity, for providing financial support for this project. We also thank Thomas Simon for allowing us to use his data on collections he made in Little Raccoon Creek. LITERATURE CITED Bender, E.S. and J.G. Pearson. 1975. Results from aquatic ecological surveys at Newport Army Ammunition Plant, Newport, Indiana. Edgewood Arsenal Tech. Rep. EB-TR-75044, Aberdeen Proving Ground Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) is a United States Army facility located near Aberdeen, Maryland (in Harford County). The Army's oldest active proving ground, it was established on October 20, 1917, six months after the United States entered World War I. , Maryland 21010, 39 pp. Chandler, C.R. and R.A. Weiss. 1996. Avifauna a·vi·fau·na n. The birds of a specific region or period. [Latin avis, bird; see awi- in Indo-European roots + fauna. of the Newport Army Ammunition Plant, Vermillion County, Indiana. Proc. Indiana. Acad. Sci. 105: 69-85. Gammon, J.R., W.P. Adams, L.L. Chavez, and C.L. Bridges. 1974. An ecological survey of the streams in the vicinity of the Newport Army Ammunition Plant, Vermillion County, Indiana. Unpubl. Rep., Newport Army Ammunition Plant, Newport, Indiana, 81 pp. Gerking, S.D. and K.F. Lagler. 1945. Investigation of Indiana lakes and streams, Volume III. Indiana Dept. Cons., 165 pp. Whitaker, J.O., Jr. 1994. Survey of endangered, threatened, and special concern fishes, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals of the Newport Army Ammunition Plant, Newport, Indiana. Unpubl. Rep., Newport Army Ammunition Plant, Newport, Indiana, 36 pp. _____ and D.C. Wallace. 1973. Fishes of Vigo County, Indiana Vigo County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2000, the population was 105,848. The county seat is Terre Haute. 6 Vigo County is included in the Terre Haute, Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. . Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 82: 448-464.
Summary of the fishes taken in or near the Newport Chemical Depot.
Whitaker (1994)
and Current Study
LRC Bender & L. Raccoon
Easement [*] Pearson [*] Creek
PETROMYZONTIDAE
Lampetra appendix *
CLUPEIDAE
Dorosoma cepedianum 1
CYPRINIDAE
Phoxinus erythrogaster * 1837
Semnotilus atromaculatus 8 * 691
Rhinichthys atratulus 20 * 1482
Campostoma anomalum 11 * 130
Notropis buccatus 65 * 188
Luxilus chrysocephalus 8 * 55
Pimephales notatus 3 89
Lythrurus umbratilis 60
Notropis stramineus 9
Cyprinella spiloptera 4 * 2
Notropis atherinoidesa 6
Phenacobius mirabilis *
Cyprinus carpioa 3
CATOSTOMIDAE
Catostomus commersoni 3 * 139
Carpiodes velifer 12
Hypentelium nigricans *
Moxostoma erythrurum 1
Moxostoma duquesnei
ICTALURIDAE
Ameiurus melas [b]
Ameiurus natalis [a] 1
PERCIDAE
Etheostoma spectabile * 49
Etheostoma nigrum * 58
Etheostoma flabellarea 11
Etheostoma blennioides
Percina caprodes 1
CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis cyanellus [b] 2
Micropterus salmoides
Lepomis macrochirus * 1
Lepomis gulosus *
COTTIDAE
Cottus bairdi * 40
Total Species 10 16 22
Total Individuals 125 ? 4859
Jonathon L. Vermillion Unnamed
Creek Creek Creek Totals [c]
PETROMYZONTIDAE
Lampetra appendix
CLUPEIDAE
Dorosoma cepedianum 1
CYPRINIDAE
Phoxinus erythrogaster 114 1633 3584
Semnotilus atromaculatus 311 1485 384 2871
Rhinichthys atratulus 60 154 236 1932
Campostoma anomalum 39 128 428 725
Notropis buccatus 381 136 705
Luxilus chrysocephalus 15 2 27 99
Pimephales notatus 4 93
Lythrurus umbratilis 60
Notropis stramineus 9
Cyprinella spiloptera 1 3 1 7
Notropis atherinoidesa 6
Phenacobius mirabilis 4 4
Cyprinus carpioa 3
CATOSTOMIDAE
Catostomus commersoni 60 63 1 263
Carpiodes velifer 12
Hypentelium nigricans 3 1 4
Moxostoma erythrurum 2 1 4
Moxostoma duquesnei 1 1
ICTALURIDAE
Ameiurus melas [b] 1 [b]
Ameiurus natalis [a]
PERCIDAE
Etheostoma spectabile 21 370 16 456
Etheostoma nigrum 3 2 63
Etheostoma flabellarea 11
Etheostoma blennioides 3 3
Percina caprodes 1
CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis cyanellus [b] 5 118 [b]
Micropterus salmoides 3 3 6
Lepomis macrochirus 2 1 4
Lepomis gulosus
COTTIDAE
Cottus bairdi 1 41
Total Species 17 15 9 32 [d]
Total Individuals 1029 3984 1101 11170 [c]
(a.) Species taken only on the depot's Little Raccoon Creek easement or reported by Bender and Pearson (1975). (b.) 1 Ameiurus melas and 113 of 118 Lepomis cyanellus were taken in minnow traps set at two ponds (Figure 1). (c.) Totals include individuals from Whitaker (1994) and the current study. (d.) Total number of species known to date from the study area.
Well-established species (10 or more individuals taken) in each stream
at the Newport Chemical Depot, Vennillion County, Indiana. A number
indicates the species' presence, but less than 10 individuals were
taken. Data are from Whitaker (1994) and the current survey.
Streams
Species Unnamed Jonathon LIttle Vermillion
Creek Creek Creek
Semotilus atromaculatus * * *
Phoxinus erythrogaster * * *
Rhinichthys atratulus * * *
Campostoma anomalum * * *
Luxilus chrysocephalus * * *
Etheostoma spectabile * * *
Catostomus commersoni 1 * *
Notropis buccatus * *
Etheostonia nigrum 3 2
Pimephales notatus 4
Cottus bairdi 1
Notropis umbratilis
Carpiodes velifer
Etheostoma flabellare
Number of Collections 2 17 94
Total Species 9 17 15
Established Species 6 8 8
Species LIttle Reaceoon
Creek
Semotilus atromaculatus *
Phoxinus erythrogaster *
Rhinichthys atratulus *
Campostoma anomalum *
Luxilus chrysocephalus *
Etheostoma spectabile *
Catostomus commersoni *
Notropis buccatus *
Etheostonia nigrum *
Pimephales notatus *
Cottus bairdi *
Notropis umbratilis *
Carpiodes velifer *
Etheostoma flabellare *
Number of Collections 39
Total Species 22
Established Species 14
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