Expression of A Disintegrin And Metalloproteases (ADAMs) in the Heart.A Disintegrin and Metalloproteases (ADAMs) are a family of transmembrane transmembrane /trans·mem·brane/ (trans-mem´bran) extending across a membrane, usually referring to a protein subunit that is exposed on both sides of a cell membrane. trans·mem·brane adj. glycoproteins that are thought to have important roles in embryogenesis Embryogenesis The formation of an embryo from a fertilized ovum, or zygote. Development begins when the zygote, originating from the fusion of male and female gametes, enters a period of cellular proliferation, or cleavage. . These proteins have multiple domains including metalloprotease, disintegrin, cysteine-rich, epidermal growth factor-like, transmembrane and cytoplasmic signaling tail domains. They have been shown to play roles in cell-cell interactions, cell-ECM interactions and in the processing of the ectodomains of proteins. We postulated that ADAMs might be involved in heart development. RT-PCR RT-PCR reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. See PCR1. analysis was carried out in our lab and demonstrated that ADAMs1, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 and 14 are expressed in the heart. The temporal expression pattern of these ADAMs were examined by RT-PCR using timed pregnant rat embryo heart. Spatial expressions were determined by in situ hybridization in situ hybridization A method for localizing a sequence of DNA, mRNA, or protein in a cell or tissue; the use of a DNA or RNA probe to detect a cDNA sequence in chromosome spreads or in interphase nuclei or an RNA sequence of cloned bacterial or cultured . In order to understand how the expression of ADAMs are regulated, cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts were isolated from neonatal rats and treated with IGF (Internet Governance Forum) An international organization of governments and U.N. agencies that was founded to discuss Internet issues such as security and spam. It was created at the United Nations Summit in 2005 after the U.S. or AngiotensinlI for different time points. Total RNA were extracted from the treated cells and Northern blot or ribonuclease Ribonuclease A group of enzymes, widely distributed in nature, which catalyze hydrolysis of the internucleotide phosphodiester bonds in ribonucleic acid (RNA). protection assays were performed, these experiments showed that the expression level of some of the ADAMs are modulated by growth factor treatment. Further experiments will be carded out to examine the effect of chemical and/or mechanical stimuli on the expression of ADAMs, perturbation experiments will also be used to determine the functional roles of ADAMs during heart development. Fang Xu, Wayne Carver Department of Developmental Biology and Anatomy School of Medicine University of South Carolina, Columbia |
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