Examine the Current Debate About Fossil Fuel Reserves and Depletion.DUBLIN, Ireland -- Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c50671) has announced the addition of Oil Sands and Orimulsion Report Ed 2 2007 to their offering. The report looks at Non-Conventional Oil Non-conventional oil is oil produced or extracted using techniques other than the traditional oil well method. Currently, non-conventional oil production is less efficient and some types have a larger environmental impact relative to conventional oil production. , the Canadian Oil or Tar Sands Tar sands is a common name of what are more properly called bituminous sands, but also commonly referred to as oil sands or (in Venezuela) extra-heavy oil. They are a mixture of sand or clay, water, and extremely heavy crude oil. , Venezuelan bitumen bitumen (bĭty  `mən) a generic term referring to flammable, brown or black mixtures of tarlike hydrocarbons, derived naturally or by distillation from petroleum. , Orimulson -- the 4th Fossil Fuel fossil fuel: see energy, sources of; fuel. fossil fuel Any of a class of materials of biologic origin occurring within the Earth's crust that can be used as a source of energy. Fossil fuels include coal, petroleum, and natural gas. . Debate about the extent of the worlds remaining oil reserves Oil reserves refer to portions of oil in place that are claimed to be recoverable under economic constraints. Oil in the ground is not a "reserve" unless it is claimed to be economically recoverable, since as the oil is extracted, the cost of recovery increases incrementally and their rate of depletion is ongoing, following a spate of shock devaluations of reserves by many oil majors. There is increasing pressure to include non-conventional oil in reserves, by far the largest being the Canadian oil or tar sands, and Venezuelan bitumen. For a long time however, they were recognised but were largely ignored. The technology needed to extract them was a late development and the cost of cleaning them environmentally was prohibitive. This has changed -- immense strides have been taken to resolve these problems. This report, successor to "The 4th Fossil Fuel", examines the current debate about the definition and measurement of fossil fuel reserves and depletion, following a spate of devaluations of reserves by oil and gas majors. Historical definitions are examined and explained. Topics Covered 1. Executive Summary 2. World Oil and Gas Reserves Definitions of Reserves Some Different Definitions in Use Worldwide SPE/WPC Definitions of Reserves Definitions of Oil and Gas Reserves Deterministic and Probabilistic (probability) probabilistic - Relating to, or governed by, probability. The behaviour of a probabilistic system cannot be predicted exactly but the probability of certain behaviours is known. Such systems may be simulated using pseudorandom numbers. Estimation of Reserves Proved Reserves proved reserves The quantity of minerals expected to be recoverable under current economic and operating conditions. The amount of proved reserves is important in valuing the stock of a company with significant holdings in natural resources. Proved, Proved Undeveloped Reserves Unproved Reserves Unproved Probable Reserves Unproved Possible Reserves Comparison of Using Different Methods of Calculating Reserves Calculations to Determine Reserve Values The Volumetric volumetric /vol·u·met·ric/ (vol?u-met´rik) pertaining to or accompanied by measurement in volumes. vol·u·met·ric adj. Of or relating to measurement by volume. Method Decline Curve Analysis External Factors Affecting Reserves 3. Non-Conventional Oil Natural Bitumen, Tar Sand, Oil Sand, Natural Asphalt -- Synthetic Crude Oil Canadian Oil Sands And Venezuelan Orimulsion Synthetic Crude Oil Extent of Non-Conventional Oil 4. What are the Oil Reserves of the World? 5. Country Profiles Canada History of Production of the Canadian Tar Sands Bitumen Major Oil and Tar Sands Fields Athabasca Project Millennium Cold Lake Peace River McKay River Firebag Foster Creek Oil Sand Pipelines Difficulties Trinidad & Tobago USA Venezuela Overview of Orimulsion and its Use Orimulsion Profile The Product The Market and Production Production of Orimulsion Environmental Issues Carbon Dioxide carbon dioxide, chemical compound, CO2, a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is about one and one-half times as dense as air under ordinary conditions of temperature and pressure. Sulphur Dioxide Oxides of Nitrogen Particulate Matter Trace Metals Environmental Effects in Transport - Spills 6. The Main Players Venezuela Canada Syncrude Suncor EnCana Corporation Others 7. Glossary 8. Acknowledgments Tables Table 2-1: Comparison of USGC USGC US Gulf Coast USGC United States Global Change USGC United States Grain Corporation USGC United States Government Classified USGC United States Gymnastics Championships USGC United States Gypsum Corporation USGC US Government Consulting, Inc (US Geological Survey) and Oil Industry Reserve Estimates Table 3-1: Non-conventional Oil Deposits Table 3-2: Natural Bitumen: Resources, Reserves and Production at End 1999 Table 4-1: Orimulsion-fired Generating Plants Figures Figure 4-1: Proved Conventional Oil Reserves Using Traditional Calculation Figure 4-2: Proven Versus Recoverable and Unconventional World Oil Reserve Figure 5-1: The Orinoco Belt Figure 5-2: Locations Using Orimulsion for Power Generation Figure 5-3: Comparative Emissions For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c50671. |
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