Examine What the Implications of Change in the I/O Means on a Device Level.DUBLIN Dublin, city, Republic of Ireland Dublin, Irish Baile Átha Cliath, county borough (1991 pop. 915,516), Leinster, capital of the Republic of Ireland, on Dublin Bay at the mouth of the Liffey River. , Ireland Ireland, Irish Eire (âr`ə) [to it are related the poetic Erin and perhaps the Latin Hibernia], island, 32,598 sq mi (84,429 sq km), second largest of the British Isles. -- Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c50471) has announced the addition of I/O (Input/Output) The transfer of data between the CPU and a peripheral device. Every transfer is an output from one device and an input to another. See PC input/output. I/O - Input/Output , I/O, Changing the Status Quo [Latin, The existing state of things at any given date.] Status quo ante bellum means the state of things before the war. The status quo to be preserved by a preliminary injunction is the last actual, peaceable, uncontested status which preceded the pending controversy. : Chip-to-Chip Interconnects to their offering. Non-proprietary I/O is seeing an increasing presence within the central processing, printed circuit board, and IP communities. HyperTransport A high-speed interconnection between integrated circuits. Code named Lightning Data Transport and developed by AMD and others, the HyperTransport I/O Link Specification defines a protocol and electrical interface between the CPU, memory and peripheral devices. , PCI Express A high-speed peripheral interconnect from Intel introduced in 2002. Note that although sometimes abbreviated "PCX," PCI Express is not the same as "PCI-X" (see PCI-SIG and PCI-X for comparison). As a result of the confusion, "PCI-E" or "PCIe" is the accepted abbreviation. , and RapidIO An open standard, packet-switched fabric from the RapidIO Trade Association, Austin, TX (www.rapidio.org). It is used for the switch backplane in networking, storage, military and industrial devices. benefit from the strength of central special interest groups (SIG). The SIG becomes the central point of aggregation for improving I/O standards. HyperTransport 3.0 increased frequency from 1.4GHz per trace line to 2.6GHz per line. PCI Express, the standard which currently has a 2.0 revision (programming) revision - A release of a piece of software which is not a major release or a bugfix, but only introduces small changes or new features. before its membership, increases the effective frequency from 2.5GHz to 5GHz. Serial RapidIO also has a 2.0 revision before its members that increases frequency from 3.125Gbaud to 6.25Gbaud. The increased bandwidths serve to make the I/O more functional, but the non-proprietary I/O is stretching out to new usages. In PCI Express 2.0, the PCI-SIG (PCI-SIG, Beaverton, OR, www.pci-sig.com) An industry consortium founded in 1992 that owns and maintains all PCI technologies. It also sponsors workshops and technical conferences. Standing for PCI Special Interest Group, more than 900 member companies are involved. is developing standards for cabling as well as defining single-root virtualization An umbrella term for enhancing a computer's ability to do work. Following are the ways virtualization is used. Hardware Virtualization Partitioning the computer's memory into separate and isolated "virtual machines" simulates multiple machines within one physical computer. I/O. With HyperTransport 3.0, methods for power consumption as well as for cabling are introduced. The RapidIO Trade Association, for Serial RapidIO 2.0, helped to define a new Management and Flow Control mechanism that can process payloads of as many as 64KB from 64,000 different senders. This report examines what the implications of changes in the I/O means on a device level. For example, the I/O requirements are different for portable devices than for personal computers. The usages of HyperTransport, PCI Express, and RapidIO are forecast for devices from 2004-2010.
Topics Covered:
Executive Summary
Introduction
Technology Overview of Non-Proprietary Interconnects
Comparing and Contrasting HyperTransport, PCI Express and Serial
RapidIO
PCI and PCI-X
PCI Express 1.0 (1.1)
PCI Express 2.0
Formal Specifications for PCI Express 2.0
PCI-SIG Specifications Aside from PCI Express 2.0
Geneseo
Extensions to the PCI Standard
CompactPCI and PXI Standards
Molex and Quellan
PCI Express Switches and Bridges
PLX Technology, IDT, and Pericom Products
HyperTransport
The Origin of HyperTransport Through HyperTransport 2.0
HTX Connector
HyperTransport 3.0
Mobilizing the HT Consortium Membership
AMD Architecture
Torrenza
Torrenza, HyperTransport, or HTX Connector Products
RapidIO
Parallel RapidIO
Serial RapidIO
Serial RapidIO 2.0
The Rise of Serial RapidIO
Products Using RapidIO
Paradigm Shifts in Computing
Multicore Processing
The Role of FPGAs in Co-Processing
Interconnects by Application
Personal Computers
Ultra Mobile Personal Computers
Embedded PCB (Industrial PCs)
Medical Devices
Defense Industry
Supercomputers
Edge Routers and Core Routers
X86 Servers
W-CDMA (New Base Stations)
Consumer Electronics
Commercial Digital Video Recorders
Storage Area Networks
Automotive Systems
Communications Boards
Non-Proprietary I/Os Consumer Devices Using Proprietary I/O
Game Consoles
Set Top Boxes
Handheld Devices, Including Cell Phones
Broadband Customer Premise Equipment
Roll-up of Tables
Methodology
Methodology II
Related Reports
List of Tables:
Table 1. Comparison Table for HyperTransport 3.0, PCI Express 2.0, and
Serial RapidIO 2.0
Table 2. Bit-Width Paths for PCI Express, HyperTransport, and Rapid IO
Table 3. Lane Iterations in PCIe Switching Products
Table 4. PLX Technology Switch and Bridge Product Family
Table 5. IDT PCI Express Switch Product Family
Table 6. Interconnections in Personal Computers (Units in Thousands)
Table 7. Interconnections in Ultra Mobile PCs (Units in Thousands)
Table 8. Interconnections in Embedded PCB Boards (Units in Thousands)
Table 9. Interconnections in Medical Devices (Units in Thousands)
Table 10. Interconnections in the Defense Industry (Units in
Thousands)
Table 11. Interconnections of New Processors in Super Computers Top500
(Units in Thousands)
Table 12. Interconnections in Edge and Core Routers (Units in
Thousands)
Table 13. Interconnections in x86 Servers (Units in Thousands)
Table 14. Interconnections in W-CDMA Base Stations (Units in
Thousands)
Table 15. Interconnections in Consumer Electronics (Units in
Thousands)
Table 16. Interconnections in Commercial Digital Video Recorders
(Units in Thousands)
Table 17. Interconnections in Storage Area Networks (Units in
Thousands)
Table 18. Interconnections in the Automotive Industry (Units in
Thousands)
Table 19. Interconnections Used in Communications Boards (Units in
Thousands)
Table 20. Products Using PCI and PCI-X (Units in Thousands)
Table 21. Products Using PCI Express (Units in Thousands)
Table 22. Products Using HyperTransport (Units in Thousands)
Table 23. Products Using Serial RapidIO (Units in Thousands)
List of Figures:
Figure 1. Number of Devices Using Non-Proprietary IO (Units in
Thousands), 2004-2010
Figure 2. Where Interconnects Belong
Figure 3. A History of PCI and PCI-X Standards, 1992-Present
Figure 4. PCI Express Roadmap
Figure 5. Common Partners in Torrenza Platform
Figure 6. Celoxica RCHTX Card for High Performance Computing
Figure 7. Tundra Semiconductors Tsi109 Host Bridge
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