Errata.In Table 1 of "Estimating the Exposure-Response Relationships between Particulate Matter particulate matter n. Abbr. PM Material suspended in the air in the form of minute solid particles or liquid droplets, especially when considered as an atmospheric pollutant. Noun 1. and Mortality within the APHEA APHEA Australasian and Pacific Hansard Editors Association Multicity Project" by Samoli et al. [Environ en·vi·ron tr.v. en·vi·roned, en·vi·ron·ing, en·vi·rons To encircle; surround. See Synonyms at surround. [Middle English envirounen, from Old French environner Health Perspect 113:88-95 (2005)], the values for CVD CVD Cardiovascular disease, see there deaths are incorrect. The corrected table is shown below. The authors apologize a·pol·o·gize intr.v. a·pol·o·gized, a·pol·o·giz·ing, a·pol·o·giz·es 1. To make excuse for or regretful acknowledgment of a fault or offense. 2. To make a formal defense or justification in speech or writing. for the errors. Bonner Bonner may refer to:
a carbamate acaricide and nematocide. carbofuran N-methyl-carbamate Occupational medicine A broad-spectrum anticholinergic pesticide/insecticide sprayed by air to protect various crops–eg alfalfa, rice, grapes, and cotton Toxicity and the Incidence of Cancer in the Agricultural Health Study" [Environ Health Perspect 113:285-289 (2005)]. In the second paragraph of the introduction, the fourth sentence was incorrect. The two studies cited demonstrated that another carbamate carbamate /car·ba·mate/ (kahr´bah-mat) any ester of carbamic acid. car·ba·mate n. A salt or ester of carbamic acid. pesticide pesticide, biological, physical, or chemical agent used to kill plants or animals that are harmful to people; in practice, the term pesticide is often applied only to chemical agents. , carbendazim, and not carbofuran, induced induced /in·duced/ (in-dldbomacst´) 1. produced artificially. 2. produced by induction. induced, adj artificially caused to occur. induced induction. lymphoma lymphoma, a cancer of the tissue of the lymphatic system. There are two categories of lymphomas. One type is termed Hodgkin's disease, the other, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (see lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's). See also neoplasm. . The sentence should read: "While two studies demonstrated that the carbamate pesticide carbendazim was able to induce in·duce v. 1. To bring about or stimulate the occurrence of something, such as labor. 2. To initiate or increase the production of an enzyme or other protein at the level of genetic transcription. 3. lymphoma in Swiss mice (Borzsonyi and Pinter 1977; Borzsonyi et al. 1976), carcinogenicity carcinogenicity /car·ci·no·ge·nic·i·ty/ (kahr?si-no-je-nis´i-te) the ability or tendency to produce cancer. carcinogenicity the ability or tendency to produce cancer. of carbofuran was not evident in several 2-year dietary studies conducted on rats (Gupta 1994)." Despite the error, the authors stand by the validity of the analysis and the interpretation of the results. The authors apologize for the error. The March Focus article ["Great Lakes Great Lakes, group of five freshwater lakes, central North America, creating a natural border between the United States and Canada and forming the largest body of freshwater in the world, with a combined surface area of c.95,000 sq mi (246,050 sq km). : Resource at Risk," Environ Health Perspect 113:A164-A173 (2005)] stated that Dow (Direct OverWrite) See magneto-optic disk. Chemical released about 400 tons of mercury into Lake Superior from two chloralkali plants. In fact, these two plants were located in Sarnia, Ontario Sarnia is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada (city population 71,419, census area population 88,793, in 2006). It is the largest city on Lake Huron and is located where the three upper Great Lakes empty into the St. Clair River. . Thus, the discharges were made into Lake Huron. EHP EHP abbr. 1. effective horsepower 2. electric horsepower regrets the error.
Table 1. City descriptive data on the study period,
population, exposure (P[M.sub.10] and BS), outcome
(daily number of deaths), and selected effect modifiers
(region, mean temperature, mean N[O.sub.2] over 24 hr,
and directly standardized mortality rate).
No. of deaths per day
Study period Population
City (month/year) (x 1,000) Total CVD Respiratory
Athens 1/92-12/96 3,073 73 36 5
Barcelona 1/91-12/96 1,644 40 16 4
Basel 1/90-12/95 360 9 4 1
Bilbao 4/92-3/96 667 15 5 1
Birmingham 1/92-12/96 2,300 61 28 9
Budapest 1/92-12/95 1,931 80 40 3
Cracow 1/90-12/96 746 18 10 0
Dublin 1/90-12/96 482 13 6 2
Erfurt 1/91-12/95 216 6 -- --
Geneva 1/90-12/95 317 6 2 0
Helsinki 1/93-12/96 828 18 9 2
Ljubljana 1/92-12/96 322 7 3 0
Lodz 1/90-12/96 828 30 17 1
London 1/92-12/96 6,905 169 71 29
Lyon 1/93-12/97 416 9 3 1
Madrid 1/92-12/95 3,012 61 22 6
Marseille 1/90-12/95 855 22 8 2
Milan 1/90-12/96 1,343 29 11 2
Netherlands 1/90-9/95 15,400 342 140 29
Paris 1/92-12/96 6,700 124 38 9
Poznan 1/90-12/96 582 17 9 1
Prague 2/92-12/95 1,213 38 22 1
Rome 1/92-12/96 2,775 56 23 3
Stockholm 1/94-12/96 1,126 30 15 3
Tel Aviv 1/93-12/96 1,141 27 12 2
Teplice 1/90-12/97 625 18 10 1
Torino 1/90-12/96 926 21 9 1
Valencia 1/94-12/96 753 16 6 2
Wroclaw 1/90-12/96 643 15 9 1
Zurich 1/90-12/95 540 13 6 1
P[M.sub.10] BS ([micro]g/
([micro]g/ [m.sup.3])
[m.sup.3]) percentile
percentile
City 50th 90th 50th 90th
Athens 40 (a) 59 64 122
Barcelona 60 95 39 64
Basel 28 (a) 55
Bilbao 23 39
Birmingham 21 40 11 22
Budapest 40 (a) 52
Cracow 54 (a) 86 36 101
Dublin 10 26
Erfurt 48 98
Geneva 33 (a) 71
Helsinki 23 (a) 49
Ljubljana 13 42
Lodz 30 77
London 25 46 11 22
Lyon 39 63
Madrid 33 59
Marseille 34 56
Milan 47 (a) 88
Netherlands 34 67 63 122
Paris 22 46 21 45
Poznan 23 76
Prague 66 124
Rome 57 (a) 81
Stockholm 14 27
Tel Aviv 43 75
Teplice 42 83
Torino 65 (a) 129
Valencia 40 70
Wroclaw 33 97
Zurich 28 (a) 54
Geographic Mean N[O.sub.2]
City region temperature (24-hr) SDR
Athens South 18 74 784
Barcelona South 16 69 740
Basel West 11 38 678
Bilbao South 15 49 711
Birmingham West 10 46 895
Budapest East 11 76 1,136
Cracow East 8 44 1,009
Dublin West 10 -- 940
Erfurt West 9 40 972
Geneva West 10 45 608
Helsinki West 6 33 915
Ljubljana East 11 46 823
Lodz East 8 39 1,231
London West 12 61 851
Lyon West 12 63 579
Madrid South 15 70 636
Marseille West 16 71 666
Milan West 14 94 632
Netherlands West 10 43 757
Paris West 12 53 644
Poznan East 9 47 1,106
Prague East 10 58 984
Rome South 17 88 585
Stockholm West 8 26 666
Tel Aviv South 20 70 430
Teplice East 9 32 1,173
Torino West 14 76 724
Valencia South 19 66 820
Wroclaw East 9 27 970
Zurich West 11 40 666
Abbreviations:--, no data, DID, cardiovascular deaths; SDR,
directly standardized mortality rate. Mean temperature in
degrees centigrade.
(a) P[M.sub.10] were estimated using a regression model
relating collocated P[M.sub.10] measurements to the BS
or total suspended particles.
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