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Democracy in action: the big question for 2006 is how the Mexican political process will affect the financial markets and the economy./La democracia en accion: la gran pregunta para 2006 es de que manera el proceso politico mexicano afectara a los mercados financieros y a la economia.


The presidential race in Mexico had taken on a new dimension by the end of October: the underdog emerged victorious from the PAN's primary process, and the only contender standing between Roberto Madrazo Roberto Madrazo Pintado (born July 30, 1952) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He was the candidate of the alliance between his party and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) in the 2006 Mexican presidential election.  and the PRI's nomination resigned. By late November, the three major parties had anointed "Anointed" redirects here. For the process of anointing, see Anointing.

Anointed is a Contemporary Christian music duo consisting of siblings Steve and Da'dra Crawford. Their musical style includes elements of R&B, funk, and piano ballads.
 their standard bearers an officer of an army, company, or troop, who bears a standard; - commonly called color sergeantor color bearer; hence, the leader of any organization; as, the standard bearer of a political party s>.

See also: Standard
, who quickly got to work negotiating alliances with the smaller parties to clinch Clinch, river, c.300 mi (480 km) long, formed by the junction of two forks in SW Va., and flowing generally SW across E Tenn. to the Tennessee River at Kingston.  a decisive margin on July 2, 2006, when the entire Senate, the Chamber of Deputies as well as the president will be elected. Meanwhile, the economy and financial markets go their own merry ways: The peso remained strong, the Mexican stock exchange Mexican Stock Exchange

The only stock exchange in Mexico. The Indice de Precios y Cotizaciones, or IPC index, consists of the 35 most representative stocks chosen every two months.
 (BMV BMV Bolsa Mexicana de Valores
BMV Bureau of Motor Vehicles
BMV Bundesministerium für Verkehr (German: Federal Ministry of Transport)
BMV Below Market Value
BMV Brome Mosaic Virus
BMV Bedside Medication Verification
) scaled new heights, and interest rates continued to decline.

The big question for 2006 is whether, when, to what extent and in what ways the political process will affect the financial markets and the economy. The prospects for 2007 will be determined by what transpires next year and, most importantly Adv. 1. most importantly - above and beyond all other consideration; "above all, you must be independent"
above all, most especially
, by who is elected president.

THE MEXICAN ECONOMY

There's a notable correlation in democracies between public sector spending and "political years." That's why the public sector will become a more important driver of growth in 2006 than it has been in the first five years of the sexenio (the six year presidential term). Next year, on top of that predilection, there's the necessity of repairing the devastation wreaked by hurricanes Wilma and Stan. Nevertheless, the Mexican economy will continue to grow around the same 3 percent rate, as it will grow this year.

Investment--particularly in infrastructure and commercial and residential construction--and consumption by the private sector will also continue growing, but at a slower pace than this year. The ongoing explosive growth of credit to consumers--that has been growing at year over year (Y/Y) rates of more than 40 percent for the last years and shows no signs of slowing--will help to sustain private consumption.

Manufactured exports will also continue to grow in 2006, but at a pace several percentage points slower than 2005's estimated 8.7 percent rate, continuing the decline in Mexico's share in U.S. manufactured imports. Oil revenues will be lower than this year's, although the average price of a barrel of Mexican export crude--estimated at US$38/barrel--will be more than double its historical average.

Inflation in 2005 will be lower than in the U.S. for the first time in some thirty-five years (a projected 3.2 percent in Mexico versus a projected 3.5 percent in the U.S.). It's an impressive achievement, one helped by the fact that the Vicente Fox administration decided to subsidize sub·si·dize  
tr.v. sub·si·dized, sub·si·diz·ing, sub·si·diz·es
1. To assist or support with a subsidy.

2. To secure the assistance of by granting a subsidy.
 gasoline gasoline or petrol, light, volatile mixture of hydrocarbons for use in the internal-combustion engine and as an organic solvent, obtained primarily by fractional distillation and "cracking" of petroleum, but also obtained from natural gas, by , electricity and natural gas prices after the Hurricane Katrina-induced jump in oil prices. In macroeconomic mac·ro·ec·o·nom·ics  
n. (used with a sing. verb)
The study of the overall aspects and workings of a national economy, such as income, output, and the interrelationship among diverse economic sectors.
 terms, that decision introduces more distortions into an already distorted pricing system Noun 1. pricing system - a system for setting prices on goods or services
system - a procedure or process for obtaining an objective; "they had to devise a system that did not depend on cooperation"
. In political terms, it is a logical decision: Since the causes of other price distortions aren't going to be corrected, yet another distortion is necessary to preserve jobs and businesses.

Expect a higher inflation rate in 2006, of 3.9 percent. Agricultural prices are likely to outstrip out·strip  
tr.v. out·stripped, out·strip·ping, out·strips
1. To leave behind; outrun.

2. To exceed or surpass: "Material development outstripped human development" 
 the rise in consumer prices next year and still, strong demand will permit companies to pass on some of the cost increases they incur because of a weaker peso.

After the roughly 4 percent appreciation in the exchange rate AMCHAM is projecting for this year (both year-end and average), it should come as no surprise that we expect a weaker peso in 2006. Not much weaker -6 to 7 percent weaker at year-end 2006 and about 2 percent weaker on average--and certainly not enough of a slippage Slippage

The difference between estimated transaction costs and the amount actually paid.

Notes:
Slippage is usually attributed to a change in the spread.
See also: Spread, Transaction Costs



Slippage
 to cause any problems. The peso should weaken in response to wider trade and current account deficits and in response to the uncertainty provoked by the political process.

AMCHAM projects that the peso will close 2006 at $11.54. A somewhat weaker peso will, in fact, be welcome news for companies whose products compete against imports as well as exporters for which the exchange rate is an important factor in their competitiveness.

We expect that the Mexican reference rate--and Cetes rates--will continue to decline this year. On November 25, for the fourth time in as many months, the Mexican central bank (Banco de Mexico or BANXICO) announced that it would permit the reference rate to decline by "no more than 25 basis points" (1/4%). On December 9, BANXICO announced it would permit yet another decline in the reference rate. The surprise was that it would allow the reference rate to fall as much as 50 basis points (1/2%), to 8.25 percent.

At the same time, the Open Market Committee of the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank (FOMC See Federal Open Market Committee.

FOMC

See Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC).
) continues to raise the Fed Funds fed funds

See federal funds.
 rate. On December 13, the FOMC raised the Fed Funds rate another 1/4%, to 4.25 percent. Market expectations are that the Fed Funds rate will rise to 4.50% by mid-2006. AMCHAM believes that the reduction of the interest rate differential with the U.S. must stop in 2006 in order to mitigate demand for dollars. Since the FOMC will continue to raise the Fed Funds rate, at least through the first half of 2006, precisely when the uncertainties roused by the political process will become more intense, we expect Mexican interest rates to rise also in 2006.

Although the one-month Cete cete  
n.
A company of badgers. See Synonyms at flock1.



[Middle English, possibly from Medieval Latin cetus, assembly, from Latin coetus, a coming together
 rate may be 0.8 percentage points higher at the end of 2006 than at the end of 2005 (8.92% compared to 8.15%), the average rate will be about 0.5 percentage points lower in 2006 (8.735 versus 9.19%). In real (after inflation) terms, the one-month Cete rate will be higher in 2006 but the depreciation of the exchange rate (versus this year's appreciation) will slash the return as measured in dollars to about 7-8 percent.

Mexico's external accounts won't be as strong in 2006 as they are this year, but there's no real cause for concern. Lower oil prices and the gap between the growth rates Growth Rates

The compounded annualized rate of growth of a company's revenues, earnings, dividends, or other figures.

Notes:
Remember, historically high growth rates don't always mean a high rate of growth looking into the future.
 of intermediate good imports and manufactured exports will widen the trade and current account deficits next year. Even though AMCHAM projects that the trade and current account deficits will be about US$4 billion higher in 2006 than this year, the current account deficit will represent only 1.6 percent of GDP GDP (guanosine diphosphate): see guanine.  (ongoing growth of remittances
Remittance can also refer to the accounting concept of a monetary payment transferred by a customer to a business


Remittances are transfers of money by foreign workers to their home countries.
 will continue to limit the increase in the size of the current account deficit). Even more importantly, foreign direct investment (FDI FDI

See: Foreign direct investment
) will continue to finance the deficit: In 2005, FDI should more than double the current account deficit and next year, it should still finance the current account deficit in its entirety.

There will continue to be more people seeking work than new jobs created, but jobs are being created and will be, so long as the economy keeps growing. The pressures on firms to control costs will continue to inhibit job creation.

The challenge is not growth, per se, but sustainable growth. It's not difficult to bump up the growth rate of the economy if the central bank is willing to print money and/or if the government can issue debt to finance a large deficit. The problem is that growth resulting from lax monetary and fiscal policies is not sustainable. Successfully resolving more of the obstacles to competitiveness faced by firms in Mexico is the key to higher, sustainable growth rates Sustainable growth rate

Maximum rate of growth a firm can sustain without increasing financial leverage.
.

THE WORLD

The Mexican economy does not operate in a vacuum. In recent years, Mexico has benefited from above-trend growth in the U.S., high oil prices, international capital markets flush with money and investors with an appetite for risk. None of those conditions can be counted on to last indefinitely.

World economic prospects remain positive for Mexico in 2006, although not as upbeat as they were this year. The U.S. economy will continue growing above its long-term sustainable growth rate in 2006 as a consequence of the destruction wrought by Hurricane Katrina Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled due to vandalism.  (The U.S. Congressional Budget Office The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) is responsible for economic forecasting and fiscal policy analysis, scorekeeeping, cost projections, and an Annual Report on the Federal Budget. The office also underdakes special budget-related studies at the request of Congress.  has estimated that repairing the damage from Katrina will boost the U.S. growth rate a full percentage point in 2006). That is particularly good news for Mexican manufacturers who export.

Oil prices seem to have reached a new, higher platform than in the past, but it is unlikely that the US$70/bbl price for WTI WTI West Texas Intermediate
WTI Western Transportation Institute (Montana State University)
WTI World Tribunal on Iraq
WTI With The Idea (used in chess to point to the idea behind a specific move) 
 or Brent crude Brent Crude is one of the major classifications of oil consisting of Brent Crude, Brent Sweet Light Crude, Oseberg and Forties. Brent Crude is sourced from the North Sea. The Brent Crude oil marker is also known as Brent Blend, London Brent and Brent petroleum.  that we saw in 2005 will prove to be the new norm. Mexican oil revenues will definitely not rise at 2005's 30+ percent rate. It is most likely that Mexican oil revenues will be several percentage points less than in 2005.

The "savings glut glut pronounced as rut, slut Vox populi An excess of a service or skilled labor in a particular area. See Physician glut. " diagnosed by the new Chairman of the U.S. Federal Reserve, Ben Bernanke, won't disappear soon, so the international capital markets should remain flush with liquidity. What is not so certain is that investors will remain risk-adverse. The average Federal Funds rate Federal Funds Rate

The interest rate at which a depository institution lends immediately available funds (balances at the Federal Reserve) to another depository institution overnight.
 in the U.S. (the interest rate controlled by the FOMC) will be higher in 2006 than in 2005, which may attract more capital into the U.S., especially since the average interest rate in Mexico will be lower.

The potential for investors to react with caution to the Mexican electoral process makes it highly unlikely that in the first nine months of 2006 foreigners Foreigners

alienage

the condition of being an alien.

androlepsy

Law. the seizure of foreign subjects to enforce a claim for justice or other right against their nation.

gypsyologist, gipsyologist

Rare.
 will invest another US$5.8 billion (net) in Mexican equities and fixed income instruments Fixed income instruments

Assets that pay a fixed dollar amount, such as bonds and preferred stock.
, as they did in the same period of 2005. It also raises the question of whether Mexicans will decide to diversify into other currencies in 2006, just in case. It is striking that Mexicans increased their assets held abroad by US$15.4 billion in the first nine months of 2005. That is over 2.5 times the increase in all of 2004 and a dramatic change from 2002 and 2003, when they repatriated US$11.8 billion and US$6.9 billion, respectively. Finally, it seems a stretch to expect that the Bolsa's IPC (1) (InterProcess Communication) The exchange of data between one program and another either within the same computer or over a network. It implies a protocol that guarantees a response to a request.  will continue appreciating at a double-digit rate in dollars after three spectacular years of dollar gains (+32.9 percent in dollars in 2003, +47.9 percent in 2004 and +37.4 percent through November 25, 2005).

THE POLITICAL PROCESS

At the end of October, the PAN chose Felipe Calderon Felipe Calderon is the name of:
  • Felipe Calderón (born August 18, 1962) - President of Mexico.
  • Felipe Calderón y Roca (born April 4, 1868) - Philippine Hero; Constitutionalist
 as its presidential candidate, rejecting Santiago Creel Santiago Creel Miranda (b. December 11 1954 in Mexico city) is a Mexican politician. He is a member of the conservative National Action Party (PAN).

He earned a Law degree from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).
, who was thought to have been the party's certain nominee. The PRI PRI: see Institutional Revolutionary party.


(Primary Rate Interface) An ISDN service that provides 23 64 Kbps B (Bearer) channels and one 64 Kbps D (Data) channel (23B+D), which is equivalent to the 24 channels of a T1 line.
 selected its standard-bearer, Roberto Madrazo, in its internal primary on November 13, while Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador is the PRD's candidate.

Whoever emerges victorious on July 2, 2006, the electoral results will reveal trends that will significantly affect his ability to govern. One, of course, is the percentage by which the next president is elected and the percentage of eligible voters who actually go to the polls. In reputable surveys conducted last November, no candidate had a decisive majority.

Another obvious way the polling results will affect the ability of the incoming president to govern is the composition of the Congress. It's doubtful that any single party will have a working majority in the Chamber of Deputies. How many votes short of a working majority the largest party falls is a different question. If, for example, the largest party is five votes short of a working majority, it will probably have a different take on the political parties it courts and the tradeoffs it will make to seal an alliance than if it is 50 votes short. The terms of the alliances forged will, in turn, affect the legislative agenda and the possibilities of major changes.

The Senate may be another matter. In contrast to the U.S., where one-third of the Senate is elected every two years, in Mexico the entire Senate is elected in the same year as the president's election. Mexican presidents must work with the same upper chamber throughout their entire term in office. In 2000, although no party had a working majority in the Chamber of Deputies, voters gave the PRI control of the Senate.

It's easy to take macroeconomic stability for granted, even in Mexico where it's a relatively recent phenomenon. It's the foundation for sustainable, non-inflationary growth but foundations, once laid, aren't of much interest. Growth and jobs are the stuff of successful political campaigns, not macroeconomic stability.

Now that abrupt, large devaluations, galloping gal·lop·ing  
adj.
1. Of or resembling a gallop, especially in rhythm or rapidity.

2. Developing or progressing at an accelerated rate: galloping technology.

3.
 inflation, and a lack of financial intermediation are no longer the obstacles to growth and job creation that they were, the underlying, non-economic facts that have inhibited the creation of a thriving economy can not be ignored. Excessive tramites; inadequate infrastructure that is costly, inefficient and not always reliable; an educational system that often does not equip students with the skills needed in the modern workplace; impunity IMPUNITY. Not being punished for a crime or misdemeanor committed. The impunity of crimes is one of the most prolific sources whence they arise. lmpunitas continuum affectum tribuit delinquenti. 4 Co. 45, a; 5 Co. 109, a.  and insecurity Insecurity
Inseparability (See FRIENDSHIP.)

Insolence (See ARROGANCE.)

Hamlet

introspective, vacillating Prince of Denmark. [Br. Lit.: Hamlet]

Linus

cartoon character who is lost without his security blanket.
; the necessity to build coalitions and forge consensus with groups whose leaders effectively exercise a veto power over changes ... These are the challenges the next president will face.

None of these are new issues and none are unique to Mexico--however, they must be successfully addressed if Mexico is to achieve its potential.

Dr. Deborah L. Riner is AMERICAN CHAMBER/MEXICO'S chief economist The Chief Economist is a single position job class having primary responsibility for the development, coordination, and production of economic and financial analysis. It is distinguished from the other economist positions by the broader scope of responsibility encompassing the . / La Dra. Deborah L. Riner es la economista en jefe de AMERICAN CHAMBER/MEXICO.

Translation / Traduccion: Almudena de la lglesia

La carrera La Carrera is a municipality located in the province of Ávila, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 245 inhabitants.  presidencial en Mexico habia tomado una nueva dimension hacia fines de octubre, cuando el candidato menos favorecido surgio victorioso de las elecciones primarias del PAN, y en el PRI el unico contendiente que permanecia entre Roberto Madrazo y la candidalura del partido renuncio. A finales de noviembre, los tres Los Tres ("The Three") is a Chilean rock band composed actually by four, not three, members: a rock/pop singer and 3 jazzmen. It was one of the most famous, successful and important bands in the Chilean nineties, together with La Ley and Lucybell.  principales partidos designaron a sus abanderados, que rapidamente se pusieron a negociar alianzas con los partidos mas pequenos para afianzar un margen decisivo el 2 de julio de 2006, cuando todo el Senado, la Camara de Diputados y el presidente sean electos. Mientras tanto Tanto may refer to several things. Please see:
  • Tantō - A Japanese weapon
  • Tanto, Stockholm - A district of Stockholm, Sweden.
See also: Tonto.
, la economia y los mercados financieros siguen su propio camino: el peso permanecio fuerte, la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores The Bolsa Mexicana de Valores or BMV is Mexico's only stock exchange. It is headquartered on the prestigious Paseo de la Reforma in central Mexico City, is the second important Stock Exchange in Latin America, behind the São Paulo Stock Exchange - Bovespa.  (BMV) escalo nuevas alturas y las tasas de interes continuaron bajando.

La gran pregunta para 2006 es cuando, hasta que punto y de que manera el proceso politico afectara a los mercados financieros y a la economia. Las perspectivas para 2007 seran determinadas por lo que suceda el proximo prox·i·mo  
adv. Archaic
Of or in the following month.



[Latin proxim (m
 ano y, mas importante, por quien sea electo presidente.

LA ECONOMIA MEXICANA

En las democracias, existe una notoria correlacion entre el gasto publico y los anos "politicos". Por eso, en 2006 el sector publico se volvera un conductor del crecimiento mas importante de lo que ha sido en los primeros cinco anos del sexenio. A eso se sumara la necesidad de reparar la devastacion causada por los huracanes Wilma y Stan. Sin embargo embargo (ĕmbär`gō), prohibition by a country of the departure of ships or certain types of goods from its ports. Instances of confining all domestic ships to port are rare, and the Embargo Act of 1807 is the sole example of this in , la economia mexicana continuara creciendo alrededor del 3%, la misma tasa de este ano.

La inversion inversion /in·ver·sion/ (in-ver´zhun)
1. a turning inward, inside out, or other reversal of the normal relation of a part.

2. a term used by Freud for homosexuality.

3.
 -particularmente en infraestructura y en construcciones comerciales y residenciales- y el consumo en el sector privado tambien continuaran creciendo, pero a un ritmo mas lento len·to   Music
adv. & adj.
In a slow tempo. Used chiefly as a direction.

n. pl. len·tos
A lento passage or movement.
 que este ano. El explosivo crecimiento actual del credito al consumo -que ha venido creciendo a tasas anuales de mas del 40% en los ultimos anos y no muestra senales de desaceleracion- ayudara a sostener el consumo privado.

Las exportaciones manufactureras tambien continuaran creciendo en 2006, pero a un ritmo mas lento en varios puntos porcentuales que la tasa de 8.7% estimada para 2005, continuando la caida de la participacion de Mexico en las importaciones manufactureras estadounidenses. Los ingresos petroleros seran menores a los de este ano, aunque el precio promedio de un barril de crudo de exportacion mexicano -estimado en US$38- sera mas del doble de su promedio historico.

La inflacion en 2005 sera mas baja que en Estados Unidos por primera vez en unos 35 anos (un 3.2% proyectado en Mexico frente a un 3.5% proyectado en EE.UU.). Es un logro impresionante, apoyado por el hecho de que la administracion de Vicente Fox decidio subsidiar los precios de la gasolina, la electricidad y el gas natural despues del aumento de los precios del petroleo provocado por el huracan Katrina. En terminos macro-economicos, esa decision anade mas distorsiones a un sistema de precios de por si distorsionado. En terminos politicos, es una decision logica: dado que las causas de otras distorsiones de precios no van a ser corregidas, es necesaria otra para preservar empleos y negocios.

Espere una mayor tasa de inflacion en 2006, del 3.9 por cienio. Es probable que el proximo ano los precios del sector agricola sobrepasen el incremento de los precios minorislas, y que la fuerte demanda aun permita a las companias transmitir algunos de sus aumentos de costos, a causa de un peso mas debil.

Despues de la apreciacion de aproximadameme un 4% en el tipo de cambio que AMCHAM esta pronosticando para este ano (tanto hacia fin de ano como en promedio), no deberia sorprender que esperemos un peso mas debil para 2006. No mucho mas debil -de un 6 a un 7% mas debil a fines de 2006 y alrededor de un 2% mas debil en promedio- y ciertamente no un deslizamiento suficiente como para causar algun problema. El peso deberia debilitarse como respuesta a deficits mas grandes en las balanzas comercial y de cuenta corriente, y en respuesta a la incertidumbre provocada por el proceso politico. AMCHAM pronostica que el peso cerrara en 2006 en $11.54 dolares. Un peso un tanto mas debil sera, de hecho, una noticia muy bienvenida por las empresas cuyos productos compiten contra contra

Member of a counterrevolutionary force that sought to overthrow Nicaragua's left-wing Sandinista government. The original contras had been National Guardsmen during the regime of Anastasio Somoza (see Somoza family). The U.S.
 los de importacion, asi como por los exportadores para los que el tipo de cambio es un factor importante para su competitividad.

Esperamos que la tasa de referencia mexicana -y la tasa de los Certificados de Tesoreria (Cetes)- continue bajando este ano. El pasado 25 de noviembre, por cuarta vez en cuatro cuat·ro  
n. pl. cuat·ros
A small guitarlike instrument of Latin America, usually having four or five pairs of strings.



[Spanish, from Latin quattuor, four; see quatrain.]
 meses, el banco El Banco (literally meaning River bank in Spanish) is a Colombian Municipality and town located in the southern most part of the Department of Magdalena by the Magdalena River. References
 central mexicano (BANXICO) anuncio que permitiria que la tasa de referencia bajara "no mas de 25 puntos basicos" (1/4 de punto porcentual). El 9 de diciembre BANXICO anuncio que permitiria todavia otra baja en la tasa de referencia. La sorpresa fue que permitiria que cayera hasta 50 puntos basicos (1/2 punto porcentual), hasta 8.25 por ciento.

Al mismo tiempo, el Comite de Mercado De Mercado is a Spanish surname. Although its exact moment of appearance is not known, it is believed to have first appeared around the Spanish provinces of Segovia and Valladolid. Its roots are most likely in Old Castile or Andalusia.  Abierto del Banco de la Reserva Federal de EE.UU. (FOMC por sus siglas en ingles This article is about an American supermarket chain. For a town in Gran Canaria, see Playa del Inglés.

Ingles (NYSE: IMKTA) is a regional supermarket chain based in Asheville, North Carolina, where Robert "Bob" Ingle opened the first store in Asheville, NC in
) continua con·tin·u·a  
n.
A plural of continuum.
 aumentando la tasa de los fondos federales. El 13 de diciembre, la FOMC aumento la tasa de referencia otro cuarto de punto porcentual, hasta un 4.25 por ciento. Las expectativas del mercado For the hispanic surname "Mercado", please see de Mercado.

Mercado first originated in Spain. In English it means 'market'.

Is the last name of the 'Great' Fifa Soccer player Eswold.
 son que la tasa de los fondos federales aumente a un 4.50% a mediados de 2006. AMCHAM cree que la reduccion del diferencial con la tasa de interes de EE.UU. debe detenerse en 2006 para mitigar la demanda de dolares. Dado que el FOMC continuara aumentando la tasa de los fondos federales, por lo menos durante la primera mitad de 2006, precisamente cuando las incertidumbres provocadas por el proceso politico se volveran mas intensas, esperamos que las tasas de interes mexicanas lambien aumenten en 2006.

Aunque a fines de 2006 la tasa de Cetes a un mes puede estar 0.8 puntos porcentuales mas arriba que a fines de 2005 (8.92% frente a 8.15%), la tasa promedio estara alrededor de 0.5 puntos porcentuales mas abajo en 2006 (8.735 frente a 9.19%). En terminos reales (despues de inflacion), la tasa de Cetes a un mes sera mayor en 2006, pero la depreciacion del tipo de cambio (versus la estimacion de este ano) rebajara drasticamente el rendimiento medido en dolares a alrededor de un 7 u 8 por ciento.

Las cuentas externas de Mexico no seran tan fuertes en 2006 como lo son este ano, pero tampoco hay de que preocuparse. Los precios mas bajos del petroleo y la brecha entre las tasas de crecimiento de las importaciones de bienes intermedios y las exportaciones manufactureras ampliaran los deficits comerciales y de cuenta corriente el proximo ano. Aunque AMCHAM pronostica que esos deficits aumentaran en mas de US$4,000 millones en 2006 con respecto a este ano, el deficit de cuenta corriente representara tan solo un 1.6% del Producto Interto Bruto o PIB See NIST binary.  (el crecimiento actual de las remesas continuara limitando el incremento en el tamano del deficit de cuenta corriente). Aun mas importante, la inversion extranjera directa (IED Noun 1. IED - an explosive device that is improvised
I.E.D., improvised explosive device

explosive device - device that bursts with sudden violence from internal energy
) continuara financiando el deficit; en 2005, la IED debera mas que duplicar el deficit de cuenta corriente y el proximo ano deberia seguir financiandolo en su totalidad.

Continuara habiendo mas gente buscando trabajo que nuevos empleos, pero los puestos de trabajo son y seguiran siendo creaclos mientras la economia continue creciendo. Las presiones sobre las empresas para controlar los costos seguiran impidiendo la generacion de empleos.

El reto no es el crecimiento por si mismo, sino el crecimiento sostenible. No es dificil acelerar la tasa de crecimiento de la economia si el banco central quiere imprimir dinero y/o si el gobierno puede emitir una deuda para financiar un gran deficit. El problema es que el crecimiento resultante de una politica Politica is the undergraduate journal of the Department of Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Politica solicits original student essays on topics broadly political.  monetaria y fiscal laxa no es sostenible. La clave clave 1  
v. Archaic
A past tense of cleave1.



clave 2  
v. Archaic
A past tense of cleave2.
 para obtener tasas de crecimiento mas altas y sostenibles es resolver mas de los obstaculos que enfrentan las empresas de Mexico para alcanzar la competitividad.

EL MUNDO El Mundo can refer to:
  • El Mundo (Spain), Spanish newspaper
  • El Mundo (Colombia), Colombian newspaper based in Cartagena
  • El Mundo (Venezuela), Venezuelan newspaper
  • El Mundo (Puerto Rico), Puerto Rican newspaper
  • El Mundo (Argentina), Argentine newspaper
 

La economia mexicana no opera de forma forma,
adj/n minor elements between the members of a botanical species.
 aislada. En anos recientes. Mexico se ha beneficiado del crecimiento de EE.UU. por encima de su tendencia historica, altos precios del petroleo, mercados internacionales desbordantes de fondos e inversionistas con apetito por el riesgo. Ninguna de esas condiciones puede permanecer indefinidamente.

Las perspectivas economicas mundiales se mantienen positivas para Mexico en 2006, aunque no tan optimistas como fueron este ano. La economia estadounidense continuara creciendo por arriba de su tasa de crecimiento sostenible a largo Largo, town (1990 pop. 65,674), Pinellas co., W Fla., on the Pinellas peninsula and the Gulf Coast, across the bay from Tampa; settled 1853, inc. 1905. It is a packing, canning, and shipping center in a citrus fruit and fishing area.  plazo en 2006, como consecuencia de la destruccion causada por el huracan Katrina. (La Oficina de Presupuesto del Congreso de EE.UU. estimo que reparar el dano de Katrina impulsara la tasa de crecimiento de EE.UU. un punto porcentual completo en 2006). Esa es una noticia particularmente buena para los productores mexicanos que exportan.

Los precios del petroleo parecen haber alcanzado una plataforma nueva y mas alta que en el pasado, pero es poco probable que el precio de US$70 por barril de crudo. WTI o Brent que vimos en 2005 pruebe ser la nueva norma. Los ingresos generados por el petroleo mexicano definitivamente no llegaran a la tasa de mas del 30% de 2005, y es mas probable que alcancen varios puntos porcentuales menos.

El "exceso de ahorro" diagnosticado por el nuevo presidente de la Reserva Federal de EE.UU., Ben Benanke, no desaparecera pronto pron·to  
adv. Informal
Without delay; quickly.



[Spanish, from Latin prmptus; see prompt.
, por lo que los mercados internacionales de capital deberian permanecer llenos de liquidez. Lo que no es tan seguro es que los inversionistas permanezcan adversos al riesgo. La tasa promedio de los Fondos Federales en EE.UU. sera mayor en 2006 que este ano, lo que puede atraer mas capital a EE.UU., especialmente por el hecho de que la tasa de interes promedio en Mexico sera mas baja.

La posibilidad de que los inversionistas reaccionen con cautela al proceso electoral mexicano hace mucho mas poco probable que en los primeros nueve meses de 2006 los extranjeros inviertan otros US$5,800 millones metos) en acciones mexicanas y en instrumentos de renta lija, como hicieron en el mismo periodo de 2005. Iambien surge la duda de si los mexicanos decidiran diversificarse en olras divisas en 2006, por si acaso. Es llamativo que los mexicanos hayan incrementado sus activos en el extranjero en US$15,400 millones en los primeros nueve meses de 2005. Esto es mas de dos veces y media el aumento que hubo en todo 2004 y un cambio dramatico frente a 2002 y 2003, cuando repatriaron US$11,800 millones y US$6,900 millones respectivamente. Finalmente, parece demasiado esperar que el IPC, el indice de las acciones lideres de la bolsa mexicana, continue revalorizandose a una tasa de dos digitos en dolares despues de tres anos espectaculares de ganancias en dolares (+32.9% en dolares en 2003, +47.9% en 2004 y +37.4% hasta el 25 de noviembre de 2005).

EL PROCESO POLITICO

A fines de octubre, el PAN eligio a Felipe Calderon como su candidato presidencial, descartando a Santiago Creel, quien se pensaba seria con certeza el candidato del partido. El PRI eligio a Roberto Madrazo como su abanderado en su eleccion primaria interna el 13 de noviembre; mientras que Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador es el candidato del PRD PRD

progressive retinal degeneration.
.

Quienquiera que resulte victorioso el 2 de julio de 2006, los resultados electorales revelaran tendencias que afectaran significativamente su capacidad para gobernar. Una por supuesto, es el porcentaje por el cual el proximo presidente sea elegido y el porcentaje de votantes que en efecto acudan a las urnas. En encuestas confiables realizadas el pasado mes de noviembre, ningun candidato tenia tenia /te·nia/ (te´ne-ah) pl. te´niae   taenia.

te·ni·a
n.
Variant of taenia.



tenia

pl. teniae [L.] a flat band or strip of soft tissue.
 la mayoria absoluta.

Otra manera obvia en la que los resultados de la votacion afectaran la facultad del presidente entrante para gobernar es la composicion del Congreso. Es muy poco probable que algun partido obtenga una mayoria en la Camara de Diputados. Por cuantos votos menos el partido ganador no alcance una mayoria es otra cuestion. Si, por ejemplo, el parudo con mayor representacion se quedara corto por cinco votos, en vez de por 50 votos, ciertamente tendria un impacto diferente en su poder de negociacion frente a los partidos politicos con los que quisiera buscar una alianza. Los teiminos de las alianzas que se forjen afectaran, en consecuencia, la agenda legislativa y las posibilidades de cambios mayores.

El Senado podria ser otra cuestion. En contraste con EE.U.U. donde una tercera parte del Senado es elegida cada dos anos, en Mexico toda la camara alta es elegida el mismo ano en que se elige al presidente. Por lo que los presidentes mexicanos tienen que trabajar con el mismo Senado durante todo su mandato. En 2000, aunque ningun parlido tenia una mayoria en la Camara de Diputados, los votantes le dieron al PRI el control del Senado.

Es facil dar por supuesta una estabilidad macro-economica, incluso en Mexico, donde es un fenomeno relativamente reciente. Es la base para un crecimiento sostenible y no inflacionario, pero las bases, una vez establecidas, no son de mucho interes. El crecimiento y los empleos son los elementos de campanas politicas exitosas, no una estabilidad macro-economica.

Ahora que las abruptas y grandes devaluaciones, las inflaciones galopantes y la falta de intermediacion financiera ya no son un obstaculo para el crecimiento y la creacion de empleos, los factores subyacentes y no economicos que han impedido la creacion de una economia prospera no pueden ser ignorados.

Tramites excesivos; una infraestructura inadecuada que es costosa, ineficiente y no siempre fiable; un sistema educativo que en muchas ocasiones no provee a los alumnos de las habilidades que el sistema laboral moderno requiere; la impunidad y la inseguridad; la necesidad de construir coaliciones y forjar un consenso con grupos cuyos lideres ejerzan de manera efectiva el derecho De`re´cho

n. 1. A straight wind without apparent cyclonic tendency, usually accompanied with rain and often destructive, common in the prairie regions of the United States.
 a veto sobre los cambios ... Estos son los retos que el proximo presidente enfrentara.

Ninguno de estos asuntos es nuevo ni ninguno es exclusivo de Mexico. Sin embargo, deben ser resueltos si Mexico quiere alcanzar su potencial.
Key Economic Indicators / Principales indicadores economicos

(with data through December 9, 2005 / con datos hasta el 9 de
diciembre de 2005)

                              1999      2000      2001      2002

GDP (growth rate)             3.7%      6.9%      -0.3%     0.9%
PIB (tasa de crecimiento)
Inflation (annual)            12.2%     9.0%      4.4%      5.7%
Inflacion (anual)
FX rate (average)             $9.55     $9.46     $9.34     $9.69
Tipo de cambio (promedio)
Trade deficit**               US$5.58   US$8.03   US$9.73   US$8.00
Deficit comercial
Current account deficit**     US$14.33  US$17.74  US$17.46  US$14.06
Deficit de cuenta corriente
Direct foreign investment**   US$11.92  US$13.16  US$24.50  US$13.62
Inversion extranjera directa
Oil price (average)           US$1.70   US$24.63  US$18.57  US$21.58
Precio del patroleo
(promedio)
U.S. Growth Rate/Tasa de      4.2%      5.0%      1.2%      2.4%
crecimiento en EE.UU.

                              2003      2004      2005*     2006*

GDP (growth rate)             1.3%      4.4%      3.0%      3.2%
PIB (tasa de crecimiento)
Inflation (annual)            4.0%      5.2%      3.22%     3.89%
Inflacion (anual)
FX rate (average)             $10.80    $11.30    $10.88    $11.11
Tipo de cambio (promedio)
Trade deficit**               US$5.60   US$8.53   US$8.90   US$14.32
Deficit comercial
Current account deficit**     US$9.15   US$8.71   US$8.40   US$12.32
Deficit de cuenta corriente
Direct foreign investment**   US$10.73  US$16.60  US$16.50  US$13.00
Inversion extranjera directa
Oil price (average)           US$24.89  US$31.98  US$42.41  US$38.60
Precio del patroleo
(promedio)
U.S. Growth Rate/Tasa de      3.1%      4.4%      3.6%      3.2%
crecimiento en EE.UU.

*projected
**in billions of US$
Source / Fuente AMERICAN CHAMBER/MEXICO
COPYRIGHT 2005 American Chamber of Commerce of Mexico A.C.
No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder.
Copyright 2005, Gale Group. All rights reserved. Gale Group is a Thomson Corporation Company.

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Author:Riner, Deborah
Publication:Business Mexico
Geographic Code:1MEX
Date:Dec 1, 2005
Words:4820
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