Consumer confidence rebounds.August Results The Conference Board's Consumer Confidence Index Consumer Confidence Index A measure of consumer views regarding the current economic situation and consumer expectations for the future. Information for the index is compiled and released on the last Tuesday of each month by the Conference Board, an , which had declined in July July: see month. , rebounded in August. The Index now stands at 105.6 (1985=100), up from 103.6 in July. The Present Situation Index increased to 123.6 from 119.3. The Expectations Index edged up to 93.7 from 93.2 last month. The Consumer Confidence Survey is based on a representative sample of 5,000 U.S. households. The monthly survey is conducted for The Conference Board by TNS TNS transcutaneous neural stimulation. NFO NFO Info File (file type extension) NFO New Fund Offer NFO National Farmers Organization NFO Naval Flight Officer (US Navy) NFO National Family Opinion . TNS NFO is one of the TNS group of companies (LSE LSE - Language Sensitive Editor : TNN TNN The National Network (formerly The Nashville Network) TNN The Nashville Network (now The National Network) TNN The Nerd Network (online gaming clan) ). The cutoff date for August's preliminary results was August 23rd. Consumers' overall assessment of ongoing conditions was considerably more favorable fa·vor·a·ble adj. 1. Advantageous; helpful: favorable winds. 2. Encouraging; propitious: a favorable diagnosis. 3. in August. The percentage claiming business conditions are "good" increased to 29.8 percent from 28.7 percent. Those claiming conditions are "bad" slipped to 15.1 percent from 16.7 percent. The employment picture was also upbeat. Consumers saying jobs are "hard to get" decreased to 23.2 percent from 23.8 percent, while those claiming jobs are "plentiful plen·ti·ful adj. 1. Existing in great quantity or ample supply. 2. Providing or producing an abundance: a plentiful harvest. " rose to 23.5 percent from 22.9 percent. For the first time since October October: see month. 2001 consumers claiming jobs are plentiful outnumber out·num·ber tr.v. out·num·bered, out·num·ber·ing, out·num·bers To exceed the number of; be more numerous than. outnumber Verb to exceed in number: those claiming jobs are hard to get. Consumers' short-term Short-term Any investments with a maturity of one year or less. short-term 1. Of or relating to a gain or loss on the value of an asset that has been held less than a specified period of time. outlook improved marginally mar·gin·al adj. 1. Of, relating to, located at, or constituting a margin, a border, or an edge: the marginal strip of beach; a marginal issue that had no bearing on the election results. 2. from July. Those anticipating business conditions to improve increased to 18.7 percent from 17.9 percent. However, consumers expecting business conditions to worsen wors·en tr. & intr.v. wors·ened, wors·en·ing, wors·ens To make or become worse. worsen Verb to make or become worse worsening adjn edged up to 9.7 percent from 9.5 percent. The outlook for the labor market labor market A place where labor is exchanged for wages; an LM is defined by geography, education and technical expertise, occupation, licensure or certification requirements, and job experience remains mixed. The percentage of consumers expecting more jobs to become available in the coming months increased to 16.6 percent from 15.6 percent, while those expecting fewer jobs also edged up, 17.2 percent in August versus 16.7 percent in July. The proportion of consumers anticipating their incomes to increase in the months ahead improved to 19.8 percent from 18.6 percent last month. Consumers appear to be weathering the steady rise in gas prices quite well. In fact, consumers' confidence in the current state of the economy, and particularly in the labor market, has propelled the Present Situation Index to its highest level in nearly four years (125.4 in September September: see month. 2001). Expectations continue to suggest more of the same for the remainder of this year.
Consumer Confidence and Buying Plans
Based on surveys conducted by TNS NFO
Percentage of households = 100%
2004
Aug. Sept. Oct.
All series seasonally adjusted
Composite Series: Index Numbers, 1985=100
Consumer Confidence Index 98.7 96.7 92.9
Present Situation 100.7 95.3 94.0
Expectations 97.3 97.7 92.2
Appraisal of Present Situation: Percent
Business Conditions
Good 23.0 23.4 21.6
Bad 20.2 20.4 21.4
Normal 56.8 56.2 57.0
Employment
Jobs plentiful 18.4 16.6 17.4
Jobs not so plentiful 55.6 55.4 54.7
Jobs hard to get 26.0 28.0 27.9
Expectations for Six Months Hence: Percent
Business Conditions
Better 20.2 21.6 20.7
Worse 8.8 9.4 10.5
Same 71.0 69.0 68.8
Employment
More jobs 16.3 17.8 16.7
Fewer jobs 15.1 16.2 18.3
Same 68.6 66.0 65.0
Income
Increase 19.7 20.0 19.0
Decrease 9.2 9.2 9.5
Same 71.1 70.8 71.5
Plans to Buy Within Six Months: Percent
Automobile
Yes 6.5 6.3 7.6
New 2.9 2.6 3.2
Used 2.5 2.5 3.2
Uncertain 1.1 1.2 1.2
Home
Yes 3.9 3.9 3.6
New 1.3 1.0 0.9
Lived in 1.7 2.0 1.4
Uncertain 0.9 0.9 1.3
Major appliances
Total plans 29.0 29.8 27.8
Refrigerator 4.2 5.1 4.3
Washing machine 3.6 3.6 3.8
TV Set 7.5 6.6 7.5
Vacuum Cleaner 5.5 5.8 4.5
Range 3.0 3.4 3.2
Clothes dryer 3.4 3.0 3.1
Air conditioner 1.8 2.3 1.4
Carpet 5.4 5.3 5.0
Vacation Intended Within Six Months: Percent
Vacation Intended 42.1 47.8
Destination
U.S. 34.9 39.7
Foreign country 8.4 9.3
Means of Travel
Automobile 21.8 25.4
Airplane 18.5 18.4
Other 4.1 4.7
2004
Nov. Dec.
All series seasonally adjusted
Composite Series: Index Numbers, 1985=100
Consumer Confidence Index 92.6 102.7
Present Situation 96.3 105.7
Expectations 90.2 100.7
Appraisal of Present Situation: Percent
Business Conditions
Good 23.2 24.4
Bad 20.2 17.8
Normal 56.6 57.8
Employment
Jobs plentiful 17.1 19.4
Jobs not so plentiful 54.9 54.2
Jobs hard to get 28.0 26.4
Expectations for Six Months Hence: Percent
Business Conditions
Better 20.3 22.4
Worse 11.4 7.7
Same 68.3 69.9
Employment
More jobs 17.6 16.4
Fewer jobs 19.3 15.3
Same 63.1 68.3
Income
Increase 19.2 21.0
Decrease 10.6 8.5
Same 70.2 70.5
Plans to Buy Within Six Months: Percent
Automobile
Yes 4.6 6.6
New 2.1 3.2
Used 1.8 2.4
Uncertain 0.7 1.0
Home
Yes 2.6 3.5
New 0.7 1.1
Lived in 1.3 1.2
Uncertain 0.6 1.2
Major appliances
Total plans 25.3 30.1
Refrigerator 4.2 4.1
Washing machine 3.5 4.0
TV Set 6.4 8.2
Vacuum Cleaner 4.7 5.3
Range 2.6 3.2
Clothes dryer 2.6 3.7
Air conditioner 1.3 1.6
Carpet 4.0 5.2
Vacation Intended Within Six Months: Percent
Vacation Intended 48.5
Destination
U.S. 39.4
Foreign country 10.1
Means of Travel
Automobile 25.5
Airplane 18.7
Other 5.2
Business
2005
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.
All series seasonally adjusted
Composite Series: Index Numbers, 1985=100
Consumer Confidence Index 105.1 104.4 103.0 97.5
Present Situation 112.1 116.8 117.0 113.8
Expectations 100.4 96.1 93.7 86.7
Appraisal of Present Situation: Percent
Business Conditions
Good 26.1 24.6 26.3 26.4
Bad 18.1 15.7 15.8 17.6
Normal 55.8 59.7 57.9 56.0
Employment
Jobs plentiful 21.0 21.1 21.8 20.4
Jobs not so plentiful 54.7 56.5 54.4 56.7
Jobs hard to get 24.3 22.4 23.8 22.9
Expectations for Six Months Hence: Percent
Business Conditions
Better 22.0 17.9 19.3 17.7
Worse 7.8 7.8 8.2 9.9
Same 70.2 74.3 72.5 72.4
Employment
More jobs 16.6 15.0 15.1 14.0
Fewer jobs 15.1 16.5 15.8 18.4
Same 68.3 68.5 69.1 67.6
Income
Increase 19.0 18.7 17.2 16.8
Decrease 8.1 7.3 9.6 9.7
Same 72.9 74.0 73.2 73.5
Plans to Buy Within Six Months: Percent
Automobile
Yes 7.2 7.2 5.7 5.8
New 2.4 3.0 3.0 2.8
Used 4.0 3.1 1.9 2.4
Uncertain 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.6
Home
Yes 3.5 4.1 3.8 4.1
New 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.1
Lived in 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.5
Uncertain 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.5
Major appliances
Total plans 28.3 28.2 30.8 32.6
Refrigerator 5.2 4.4 5.3 4.7
Washing machine 3.0 3.8 4.3 3.7
TV Set 7.2 7.2 7.5 7.5
Vacuum Cleaner 5.5 5.0 5.5 5.9
Range 2.8 2.7 3.0 4.4
Clothes dryer 2.9 3.5 3.9 4.5
Air conditioner 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.9
Carpet 6.1 4.3 5.3 5.3
Vacation Intended Within Six Months: Percent
Vacation Intended 42.9 42.3
Destination
U.S. 36.5 35.2
Foreign country 8.5 9.0
Means of Travel
Automobile 22.9 21.0
Airplane 19.3 21.1
Other 3.1 4.1
Employment Income
2005
May June July(r) Aug.(p)
All series seasonally adjusted
Composite Series: Index Numbers, 1985=100
Consumer Confidence Index 103.1 106.2 103.6 105.6
Present Situation 117.8 120.8 119.3 123.6
Expectations 93.4 96.4 93.2 93.7
Appraisal of Present Situation: Percent
Business Conditions
Good 26.7 26.7 28.7 29.8
Bad 16.4 15.3 16.7 15.1
Normal 56.9 58.0 54.6 55.1
Employment
Jobs plentiful 22.9 22.5 22.9 23.5
Jobs not so plentiful 53.0 55.0 53.3 53.3
Jobs hard to get 24.1 22.5 23.8 23.2
Expectations for Six Months Hence: Percent
Business Conditions
Better 19.0 19.5 17.9 18.7
Worse 9.5 9.0 9.5 9.7
Same 71.5 71.5 72.6 71.6
Employment
More jobs 15.2 15.4 15.6 16.6
Fewer jobs 16.0 16.4 16.7 17.2
Same 68.8 68.2 67.7 66.2
Income
Increase 17.8 19.9 18.6 19.8
Decrease 8.6 7.5 8.4 9.1
Same 73.6 72.6 73.0 71.1
Plans to Buy Within Six Months: Percent
Automobile
Yes 7.8 6.6 7.6 6.3
New 4.1 2.8 3.0 3.3
Used 2.6 3.1 3.3 3.1
Uncertain 1.1 0.7 1.3 0.0
Home
Yes 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.4
New 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.1
Lived in 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.4
Uncertain 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9
Major appliances
Total plans 33.1 32.4 31.7 29.0
Refrigerator 5.3 4.8 5.1 4.3
Washing machine 4.1 4.3 3.9 3.4
TV Set 8.7 8.3 7.0 7.2
Vacuum Cleaner 6.4 5.5 6.4 5.5
Range 3.4 3.1 3.8 2.7
Clothes dryer 3.7 4.4 3.4 3.6
Air conditioner 1.5 2.0 2.1 2.3
Carpet 5.9 4.8 5.8 4.8
Vacation Intended Within Six Months: Percent
Vacation Intended 42.4 43.3
Destination
U.S. 35.5 35.2
Foreign country 8.5 9.9
Means of Travel
Automobile 22.0 21.5
Airplane 20.6 20.5
Other 3.6 3.9
(p)--preliminary (r)--revised
Inflation Interest Rates Stock Prices
Not Seasonally 2004
Adjusted Aug. Sept. Oct.
Expectations for Twelve Months Hence: Percent
Inflation Rate
Average 4.5 4.5 5.0
Interest Rates
Higher 69.7 67.6 70.1
Same 22.9 26.0 23.4
Lower 7.4 6.4 6.5
Stock Prices
Increase 33.5 36.9 33.2
Same 41.8 41.7 41.8
Decrease 24.7 21.4 25.0
Not Seasonally 2004
Adjusted Nov. Dec.
Expectations for Twelve Months Hence: Percent
Inflation Rate
Average 4.8 4.7
Interest Rates
Higher 67.3 69.2
Same 26.6 24.2
Lower 6.1 6.6
Stock Prices
Increase 41.6 39.3
Same 40.2 40.7
Decrease 18.2 20.0
Not Seasonally 2005
Adjusted Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.
Expectations for Twelve Months Hence: Percent
Inflation Rate
Average 4.5 4.4 4.8 5.5
Interest Rates
Higher 70.3 71.2 69.9 73.9
Same 24.1 22.6 22.5 18.8
Lower 5.6 6.2 7.6 7.3
Stock Prices
Increase 39.4 39.4 37.1 30.5
Same 41.3 41.2 41.3 40.6
Decrease 19.3 19.4 21.6 28.9
Not Seasonally 2005
Adjusted May June July(r) Aug.(p)
Expectations for Twelve Months Hence: Percent
Inflation Rate
Average 4.8 4.8 4.7 5.0
Interest Rates
Higher 76.1 68.3 69.4 69.2
Same 18.5 24.6 23.8 23.0
Lower 5.4 7.1 6.8 7.8
Stock Prices
Increase 33.3 35.2 31.6 34.0
Same 40.2 42.1 45.3 42.4
Decrease 26.5 22.7 23.1 23.6
2004
All series seasonally adjusted Aug. Sept. Oct.
Consumer Confidence Index, 1985 = 100
Age of Household Head
Under 35 114.6 109.3 105.9
35-54 95.3 97.9 96.8
55 and over 95.7 90.3 83.4
Household Income
Under $15,000 66.2 61.1 61.2
$15,000-24,999 83.6 78.1 73.1
$25,000-34,999 79.5 94.5 95.2
$35,000-49,999 104.9 97.7 89.5
$50,000 and over 116.6 113.6 108.2
2004 2005
All series seasonally adjusted Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
Consumer Confidence Index, 1985 = 100
Age of Household Head
Under 35 95.8 114.0 116.5 107.7
35-54 89.0 99.3 103.2 104.2
55 and over 93.7 101.6 101.2 100.8
Household Income
Under $15,000 59.4 72.5 75.6 73.5
$15,000-24,999 73.1 79.6 88.5 84.7
$25,000-34,999 86.8 93.8 92.5 96.9
$35,000-49,999 91.0 107.5 104.7 106.0
$50,000 and over 110.5 119.6 122.5 121.9
2005
All series seasonally adjusted Mar. Apr. May June
Consumer Confidence Index, 1985 = 100
Age of Household Head
Under 35 108.5 114.3 123.7 118.6
35-54 100.8 97.0 100.7 109.7
55 and over 100.8 90.0 96.3 96.7
Household Income
Under $15,000 65.9 65.7 80.8 82.1
$15,000-24,999 94.8 79.2 85.3 82.2
$25,000-34,999 96.0 84.9 93.3 101.4
$35,000-49,999 96.8 96.4 96.0 105.5
$50,000 and over 120.1 114.9 120.9 121.4
3 mos.
2005 Percent
All series seasonally adjusted July(r) Aug.(p) Change *
Consumer Confidence Index, 1985 = 100
Age of Household Head
Under 35 123.0 123.5 5.4
35-54 101.1 100.5 4.2
55 and over 97.7 103.3 3.7
Household Income
Under $15,000 70.4 76.4 7.7
$15,000-24,999 84.0 88.1 -1.9
$25,000-34,999 88.1 89.6 1.8
$35,000-49,999 110.4 111.4 13.2
$50,000 and over 121.0 123.6 2.8
* Percent Change: Average of last three months shown as compared with
preceding three months. Age and Income data have been adjusted for
seasonal variations.
Consumer Confidence by Region
Seasonally unadjusted
Index numbers: 2004
U. S. Average, 1985 = 100 July Aug. Sept.
New England
Consumer Confidence Index 101.4 82.3 77.1
Present Situation 102.9 95.5 83.3
Expectations 100.3 73.5 72.9
Middle Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 89.5 84.9 89.0
Present Situation 92.4 92.3 80.7
Expectations 87.5 80.0 94.6
East North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 87.4 82.2 77.4
Present Situation 79.7 73.6 69.1
Expectations 92.5 88.0 82.9
West North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 109.9 96.0 95.1
Present Situation 116.5 100.5 103.1
Expectations 105.6 92.9 89.8
South Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 117.5 104.1 110.8
Present Situation 127.5 116.6 122.1
Expectations 110.9 95.8 103.3
East South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 104.2 97.9 89.4
Present Situation 107.7 99.4 101.2
Expectations 101.8 96.9 81.6
West South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 104.6 106.4 107.8
Present Situation 110.4 104.8 103.2
Expectations 100.7 107.5 110.9
Mountain
Consumer Confidence Index 112.7 106.1 116.0
Present Situation 118.7 109.5 137.9
Expectations 108.7 103.9 101.5
Pacific
Consumer Confidence Index 111.4 104.4 106.3
Present Situation 109.0 107.7 105.7
Expectations 113.1 102.2 106.7
2004
Oct. Nov. Dec.
New England
Consumer Confidence Index 87.7 88.5 102.4
Present Situation 91.4 99.5 109.7
Expectations 85.3 81.2 97.6
Middle Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 78.9 67.9 83.7
Present Situation 86.5 66.4 94.8
Expectations 73.9 69.0 76.3
East North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 78.0 80.7 80.0
Present Situation 80.5 77.2 67.6
Expectations 76.4 83.1 88.2
West North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 93.7 103.9 111.1
Present Situation 104.4 120.9 112.6
Expectations 86.6 92.6 110.2
South Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 113.4 112.2 118.2
Present Situation 120.4 129.3 135.8
Expectations 108.7 100.8 106.5
East South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 105.0 100.2 100.6
Present Situation 112.2 109.1 110.3
Expectations 100.2 94.2 94.2
West South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 106.3 107.7 107.8
Present Situation 108.8 115.8 121.0
Expectations 104.6 102.3 99.0
Mountain
Consumer Confidence Index 111.0 95.1 121.4
Present Situation 115.4 110.1 134.6
Expectations 108.1 85.1 112.6
Pacific
Consumer Confidence Index 102.2 98.2 102.9
Present Situation 101.9 96.8 109.2
Expectations 102.4 99.2 98.7
2005
Jan. Feb. Mar.
New England
Consumer Confidence Index 98.9 109.7 104.2
Present Situation 101.9 129.3 117.6
Expectations 96.9 96.6 95.4
Middle Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 86.7 89.0 83.9
Present Situation 84.0 82.3 89.7
Expectations 88.5 93.4 80.0
East North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 87.0 84.0 83.6
Present Situation 79.7 78.0 74.7
Expectations 91.9 88.0 89.6
West North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 104.7 117.5 91.3
Present Situation 101.3 131.8 93.7
Expectations 107.0 107.9 89.8
South Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 114.5 120.7 121.7
Present Situation 132.0 138.0 142.6
Expectations 102.8 109.2 107.9
East South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 115.6 99.3 116.1
Present Situation 123.1 102.3 127.5
Expectations 110.7 97.3 108.4
West South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 125.7 115.5 113.4
Present Situation 128.8 112.1 127.8
Expectations 123.7 117.9 103.8
Mountain
Consumer Confidence Index 119.2 115.8 117.8
Present Situation 126.1 128.1 129.3
Expectations 114.5 107.7 110.1
Pacific
Consumer Confidence Index 110.6 102.9 106.1
Present Situation 108.8 106.7 116.1
Expectations 111.8 100.4 99.4
2005
Apr. May June
New England
Consumer Confidence Index 74.4 90.6 97.1
Present Situation 90.2 108.9 119.8
Expectations 63.9 78.4 81.9
Middle Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 79.2 70.7 87.9
Present Situation 86.7 81.9 108.2
Expectations 74.3 63.2 74.4
East North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 71.6 76.8 79.5
Present Situation 69.5 77.9 79.8
Expectations 73.0 76.1 79.4
West North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 103.4 100.0 103.7
Present Situation 127.7 115.0 131.9
Expectations 87.2 90.0 85.0
South Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 109.0 120.6 123.4
Present Situation 134.2 143.7 150.3
Expectations 92.2 105.1 105.5
East South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 107.7 101.5 107.3
Present Situation 117.2 109.3 119.9
Expectations 101.3 96.2 98.9
West South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 113.6 113.8 113.4
Present Situation 127.3 130.2 130.1
Expectations 104.5 102.9 102.2
Mountain
Consumer Confidence Index 112.8 120.2 130.1
Present Situation 128.3 147.8 149.3
Expectations 102.5 101.9 117.3
Pacific
Consumer Confidence Index 101.6 106.6 109.0
Present Situation 118.5 120.0 122.8
Expectations 90.3 97.6 99.8
2005
July(r) Aug.(p)
New England
Consumer Confidence Index 81.3 100.6
Present Situation 120.2 119.8
Expectations 55.4 87.8
Middle Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 88.0 72.0
Present Situation 107.9 87.1
Expectations 74.8 61.9
East North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 81.4 80.3
Present Situation 84.9 88.8
Expectations 79.0 74.7
West North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 89.8 112.4
Present Situation 125.8 132.6
Expectations 65.8 99.0
South Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 113.1 120.1
Present Situation 137.0 150.2
Expectations 97.2 100.0
East South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 105.0 103.1
Present Situation 116.3 116.4
Expectations 97.4 94.3
West South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 114.0 113.9
Present Situation 120.6 131.3
Expectations 109.7 102.3
Mountain
Consumer Confidence Index 124.9 129.0
Present Situation 141.9 152.8
Expectations 113.7 113.1
Pacific
Consumer Confidence Index 111.1 111.1
Present Situation 127.2 136.1
Expectations 100.4 94.4
3-MONTH AVG.
June,July,Aug. Percent
2004 2005 Change
New England
Consumer Confidence Index 94.6 93.0 -1.7
Present Situation 99.8 119.9 20.2
Expectations 91.2 75.0 -17.7
Middle Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 85.8 82.6 -3.6
Present Situation 89.2 101.0 13.2
Expectations 83.4 70.4 -15.7
East North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 83.1 80.4 -3.3
Present Situation 78.6 84.5 7.5
Expectations 86.2 77.7 -9.8
West North Central
Consumer Confidence Index 102.0 102.0 0.0
Present Situation 108.5 130.1 19.9
Expectations 97.6 83.3 -14.7
South Atlantic
Consumer Confidence Index 113.5 118.9 4.8
Present Situation 126.2 145.8 15.5
Expectations 105.0 100.9 -3.9
East South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 102.4 105.1 2.7
Present Situation 107.5 117.5 9.4
Expectations 99.0 96.9 -2.2
West South Central
Consumer Confidence Index 106.8 113.8 6.5
Present Situation 108.5 127.3 17.4
Expectations 105.6 104.7 -0.9
Mountain
Consumer Confidence Index 113.6 128.0 12.7
Present Situation 118.6 148.0 24.8
Expectations 110.3 114.7 4.0
Pacific
Consumer Confidence Index 106.4 110.4 3.8
Present Situation 106.7 128.7 20.6
Expectations 106.1 98.2 -7.5
* Percent Change: Average of last three months shown as compared
with the same period a year ago. Regional data are not adjusted for
seasonal variation.
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