Condom Use Self-Efficacy, Personality, and Body Image in Male and Female American and British Students.Condom Use Self-Efficacy, Personality, and Body Image in Male and Female American and British Students, Robert L. Bauserman, Maryland Department of Health; Kim Shifren, Psychology Department; Adrian Furnham, University College of London Condom use plays a crucial role in preventing HIV/STD transmission and in preventing unwanted pregnancy unwanted pregnancy Obstetrics A pregnancy that is not desired by one or both biologic parents. See Teen pregnancy. , and condom self-efficacy is one predictor of condom use. Identifying personality and mental health factors that predict condom self-efficacy can help in the design and implementation of prevention programs targeting HIV/STD transmission and unwanted pregnancy. American (n = 187) and British (n = 142) male and female college students of various racial/ethnic backgrounds completed a condom self-efficacy scale (CSES CSES Center for Science in the Earth System CSES Center for the Study of Earth from Space CSES C-Bit Severely Errored Seconds CSES Consecutive Severely Errored Seconds CSES Computer Science & Engineering Society CSES Campus Safety Escort Service ); a health behaviors inventory (HBI HBI Home Builders Institute HBI Hot Briquetted Iron (plant or facility) HBI Health and Biomedical Information HBI Hot Beef Injection (band) HBI Healthcare Building Ideas (magazine) ); the instrumentality Instrumentality Notes issued by a federal agency whose obligations are guaranteed by the full-faith-and-credit of the government, even though the agency's responsibilities are not necessarily those of the US government. and expressiveness scales of the Personality Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ PAQ Position Analysis Questionnaire PAQ Previously Asked Questions PAQ Plan d'Action Qualité PAQ Palace Acquire (intern; USAF) PAQ Project Assessment Quotation PAQ Process Average Quality ); an eating disorders inventory (EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) The electronic communication of business transactions, such as orders, confirmations and invoices, between organizations. Third parties provide EDI services that enable organizations with different equipment to connect. ) that included subscales for constructs including body dissatisfaction, bulimia bulimia: see eating disorders. , drive for thinness, and others; and a measure of caring and overprotectiveness in parental relationships. American and British students did not differ on the CSES, and neither did persons of different racial/ethnic background (European, African, or Asian). However, females had lower condom self-efficacy than males. Correlational analyses showed that for males, condom self-efficacy was associated with higher expressiveness scores on the PAQ and with less body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, distrust of others, fearfulness, ineffectiveness, and bulimia-related behaviors from the EDI. For females, condom self-efficacy was associated with higher scores on the HBI, higher masculinity on the PAQ, and with the same relationships as males on all EDI scales. The parental relationship measures were not related to condom self-efficacy for either group. Prevention researchers may benefit from considering the similarities and differences between males and females in the predictors of condom self-efficacy. |
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