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Concepts of Option Volatility, Option Valuations, Pricing Models and Trading Techniques for Options Explored in this In-Depth e-Learning Course.


DUBLIN, Ireland -- Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c30340) has announced the addition of e-Learning Course: Options to their offering.

Options are among the most versatile instruments in the derivatives market The derivatives markets are the financial markets for derivatives. The market can be divided into two, that for exchange traded derivatives and that for over-the-counter derivatives. . Unlike many other derivatives, such as forwards and futures, options allow holders to 'walk away' from their position if the underlying market moves against them. This course covers the concepts of option volatility and option valuation, along with pricing models (including Black-Scholes, binomial binomial (bī'nō`mēəl), polynomial expression (see polynomial) containing two terms, for example, x+y. The binomial theorem, or binomial formula, gives the expansion of the nth power of a binomial (x+  and Monte Carlo Monte Carlo (môNtā` kärlō`), town (1982 pop. 13,150), principality of Monaco, on the Mediterranean Sea and the French Riviera.  models) and trading techniques for options. Option Greeks, the coefficients that explain how option values behave in relation to changes in market parameters and how to hedge some of the risks associated with options, are also described in detail.

In this course, you will explore:

--The concept of volatility as applied in options

--Option valuation techniques

--Various option pricing models option pricing model

A mathematical formula for determining the price at which an option should trade. The model expresses the value of an option as a function of the value of the underlying asset, length of time until maturity, exercise price, yields on
 

--The Greeks

--Trading strategies with options

This course is designed for:

--New or recent recruits to the options desk

--Dealers/traders

--Portfolio managers

--Treasury department staff

--Sales and marketing executives

--Finance and accounting staff

--IT staff

--Compliance and regulatory staff

The following tutorials are included in this E-Learning course:

1. Volatility

The idea of volatility in finance is much like the common understanding of the term. Things are volatile when they are unpredictable. The more difficult element of volatility as it is used in option market pricing is that the volatility we really want is the one we cant see - the true volatility of prices in the future. Since we can't see what we want, we instead investigate historical volatility Historical Volatility

The past standard deviation of a security that is used in security analysis. Standard deviation measures the changes in the past price of a security the higher the standard deviation the more volatile the security.
 and implied volatilities for the future, which we can "read" from market options. This tutorial will help make these ideas real as a preparation for applying them in options.

2. Options - Introduction to Option Valuation

This tutorial presents the market conditions under which it is profitable to exercise an option and the payoffs to both the option buyer and option writer at the time of the option being exercised. It details the concept of option intrinsic value Intrinsic Value

1. The value of a company or an asset based on an underlying perception of the value.

2. For call options, this is the difference between the underlying stock's price and the strike price.
 and moneyness, and establishes the upper and lower boundaries of the value of an option, before going on to consider the main factors that influence the value of an option.

3. Options - Pricing Models

This tutorial provides in-depth analysis of the Black-Scholes option pricing model developed by Fischer Black Fischer Sheffey Black (January 11, 1938 - August 30, 1995) was an American economist, best known as one of the authors of the famous Black-Scholes equation. Background
Black received a Ph.D. in Applied Math from Harvard University in 1964.
 and Myron Scholes Myron Samuel Scholes (born July 1, 1941 in Timmins, Ontario, Canada) is one of the authors of the famous Black-Scholes equation. Nobel Prize Winner
In 1997 he was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for "a new method to determine the value of derivatives".
 in 1973. This model can be used to price call and put options on a non-dividend paying stock. Several variations of the Black-Scholes model have also been developed to price options on futures, on foreign exchange and on stock with a known dividend yield. The tutorial presents the concept of the fair value of an option and applies the Black-Scholes model and its variations to a number of different situations.

4. Options - The Binomial Option Pricing Model Binomial Option Pricing Model

A simple model used to price options that reduces possibilities of price changes, removes the possibility for arbitrage, assumes a perfectly efficient market, and shortens the duration of the option.
 

The binomial option pricing model (BOPM BOPM Blitzed Open Proxy Monitor
BOPM Base of the Pyramid Market (economics) 
) is a method of pricing options in which the underlying asset can assume one of only two possible, discrete values in the next time period for each value that it can take on in the preceding time period. This tutorial explains the BOPM in detail.

5. Options - Greeks

Five coefficients are used to help understand how option values behave in relation to changes in market parameters and how to hedge some of the risks associated with options. These coefficients are represented by the Greek letters Greek letters,
n.pl symbols based on the Greek alphabet that are used to represent phenomena and objects in science.
 delta, gamma, rho, theta Theta

A measure of the rate of decline in the value of an option due to the passage of time. Theta can also be referred to as the time decay on the value of an option. If everything is held constant, then the option will lose value as time moves closer to the maturity of the option.
 and vega, and are called the option Greeks. This tutorial examines each of these coefficients in turn, explaining how they are calculated and providing practical examples of their use.

6. Options - Monte Carlo Simulation Monte Carlo Simulation

A problem solving technique used to approximate the probability of certain outcomes by running multiple trial runs, called simulations, using random variables.
 

Options and other financial derivatives are becoming more complex. In response, the use of simulation methods to price them has become very popular. Monte Carlo simulation is a method often used to calculate the price of an option, particularly when a closed-form solution is not available. This tutorial examines the issues pertaining per·tain  
intr.v. per·tained, per·tain·ing, per·tains
1. To have reference; relate: evidence that pertains to the accident.

2.
 to the use of Monte Carlo simulations in pricing options.

7. Options - Trading Strategies

Options can be combined to create a variety of different patterns of payoffs, and this factor makes them an attractive proposition for many investors. This tutorial examines some of the more popular combinations of European options on a non-dividend paying stock. These include butterfly, bull call and calendar spreads.

8. Options - Managing an Option Portfolio

Option traders deal in multiple options rather than a single position, which means they are required to manage portfolios and cope with various risks associated with these portfolios. Consequently, option traders need to be aware of multidimensional changes in the market. This tutorial explains the role of an option market maker as opposed to a trader speculating on the market. The tutorial describes in detail how the initial exposure of an option trader is hedged and looks at ways of dynamically hedging market exposure over time. The tutorial also provides an overview of managing multiple exposures derived from the option portfolio.

For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c30340
COPYRIGHT 2006 Business Wire
No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder.
Copyright 2006, Gale Group. All rights reserved. Gale Group is a Thomson Corporation Company.

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Date:Jan 5, 2006
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