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Kerry, on the other hand, did a decent job of explaining his alleged "flip-flop" on the Iraq war. In short, Kerry says he voted to authorize the president to go to war because Bush needed to threaten war to force Saddam Hussein to comply with the UN's disarmament mandates. But Kerry says he disagrees with the president's decision to rush to war before the inspections were complete and before assembling the sort of international coalition the first President Bush brought together to drive Saddam out of Kuwait.

Kerry was right to remind voters that Bush alone decided to go to war, not the Senate. Kerry's "plan" to win the peace by reengaging our allies and putting more of the fighting into the hands of the Iraqis seems more like wishful thinking, however, than a realistic strategy. Kerry, like Bush, says that we cannot afford to lose this war, yet the president's colossal errors in Iraq may have created a situation where "victory" is no longer possible. Whoever wins this election will be faced with the very real possibility that our 135,000 troops may soon be caught in the middle of a civil war that could dismember Iraq and bring even greater instability to the entire region. This, rather than democracy, seems the most likely legacy Bush will leave in the Middle East, whether he wins reelection or not.

If Bush has proved untrustworthy and demagogic about Iraq and the war on terror, Kerry seems just as willfully blind and bullying on the subject of embryonic stem-cell research. Kerry has repeatedly accused Bush of banning such research when all the president has done is prevent the federal funding of stem-cell research which entails the destruction of human embryos. In fact, Bush has approved funds for stem-cell research, provided the stem-cell lines have already been developed. Worse, in some ways, Kerry continues to tout the supposedly miraculous cures that lie just around the corner if embryonic stem-cell research is unleashed. This is hype, not science. Cruelly, it only encourages false hope among those who are suffering, and completely ignores the difficult moral questions raised by the pursuit of scientific research that depends on the destruction of a form of human life. Crossing that boundary is not something to be done as a first resort, if ever.

Kerry's answer to a question in the second debate about the federal funding of abortion was equally unsatisfactory. First, he tried to make the case that any restriction on abortion would impose an "article of faith" about when life begins on those who do not share that faith. This is a particularly disingenuous argument coming from a self-identified Catholic, especially because the church has gone to great lengths to make the case that abortion is not a narrowly religious concern but a fundamental human-rights issue. Reason and scientific evidence alone, the church argues, demonstrate the human status and dignity of the fetus. Further, Kerry insisted that funding for abortion is a constitutional obligation. Not even the prochoice Supreme Court believes that.

As Margaret O'Brien Steinfels writes in this issue (page 10), Catholics have an obligation to vote, to participate in and support the democratic process. In choosing a president many factors must be analyzed and weighed. Conscientious Catholics will be found on both sides of this race--and among those who think that neither candidate can be trusted on issues of basic morality. Some critics suggest that the disappearance of a predictable "Catholic vote" is a sign of the church's internal incoherence and its declining influence on its members. However, political decisions about war and peace, abortion and biotechnology, as well as jobs, health care, and taxes are inherently complex--and people of good faith come down on all sides. Catholic principles need not dictate our political decisions, but they should inform them.

October 12, 2004