China.Decades ago, China was a country in which most people farmed the land. But when the Communists took power in 1949, they began turning China into an industrial giant. Today, China's economy is booming, and its factories make products sold around the world. But China is paying the price--in polluted air and water. The 10 cities with the world's worst polluted air are all in China (see map). China's government is working to reduce pollution. Meanwhile, China's people must breathe the soot given off by factories, which mainly burn coal-the fossil fuel fossil fuel: see energy, sources of; fuel. fossil fuel Any of a class of materials of biologic origin occurring within the Earth's crust that can be used as a source of energy. Fossil fuels include coal, petroleum, and natural gas. that emits the most pollution. Study the main and inset maps, then answer the questions. AREA: 3,696,100 sq mi, about the same as that of the U.S. POPULATION: 1.3 billion (four times as large as the U.S. population). GOVERNMENT: Communist one-party state led by President Hu Jintao Hu Jintao (h  ` jĭn`tou`), 1942–, Chinese political leader, b. Jixi, Anhui prov. A hydroelectric engineering graduate (1965) of Qinghua Univ. (hoojihn-taow). ECONOMY: China's change to a free-market economy free-market economy n → economía de libre mercado free-market economy n → économie f de marché free-market economy n is making a few people rich, but leaving many workers behind. Questions 1. What is China's capital city? 2. Which landmark is near 39[degrees]N latitude? 3. Which city is located at 31[degrees]N, 121[degrees]E? 4. In which half of China is the population most dense: eastern, southern, or western? 5 The cities with the worst air pollution are located between which two lines of longitude shown? 6. What city is 1,200 kilometers northeast of Hong Kong Hong Kong (hŏng kŏng), Mandarin Xianggang, special administrative region of China, formerly a British crown colony (2005 est. pop. 6,899,000), land area 422 sq mi (1,092 sq km), adjacent to Guangdong prov. ? 7. The Three Gorges Dam Three Gorges Dam, 607 ft (185 m) high and 7,575 ft (2,309 m) long, on the Chang (Yangtze) River, central Hubei prov., China, 30 mi (48 km) W of Yichang. The largest concrete structure in the world, the dam was constructed from 1994 to 2006. is being built on which river? 8. Which river forms part of the boundary between China and North Korea? 9. China claims ownership, but does not control, what island at 121[degrees]E longitude? 10. Which half of China is most sparsely settled? Why do you think this is? ANSWERS 1. Beijing 2. Great Wall 3. Shanghai 4. eastern (use the key to the inset map at left) 5. 100[degrees]E and 120[degrees]E 6. Shanghai 7. ChangJiang (Yangtze River Yangtze River Chinese Chang Jiang or Ch'ang Chiang River, China. Rising in the Tanggula Mountains in west-central China, it flows southeast before turning northeast and then generally east across south-central and east-central China to the East China ) 8. Yalu River Yalu River Chinese Yalu Jiang or Ya-lü Chiang Korean Amnok -kang River, eastern Asia, between northeastern China and North Korea. Some 491 mi (790 km) long, it rises on the northern border of North Korea, then flows to Korea Bay. 9. Taiwan 10. western half, because much of the land is desert or mountains 1. True or False? China's population density is highest in the east. (true) 2. The international date line runs through which ocean? (the Pacific) 3. The world is divided into how many time zones? (24) 4. Name the three major rivers of the Middle East. (Tigris, Euphrates, Nile) 5. What are Africa's two wealthiest countries? (Mauritius and South Africa) 6. Which group sets the limits of Earth's oceans and seas? (International Hydrographic Organization The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is an international organization established in 1921 to coordinate the hydrographic activities of the member states. The IHO was the outgrowth of international conferences and congresses held as early as 1889. ) |
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