CME questions: healthcare disparities.1. One approach to triage triage Division of patients for priority of care, usually into three categories: those who will not survive even with treatment; those who will survive without treatment; and those whose survival depends on treatment. at a disaster setting as recommended would include: a. Initial triage of sickest patients to ER b. On-site secondary triage in population area stations c. Formal medical evaluation via clinic services d. Public health screening and referral to community resources e. All of the above 2. In order to effectively respond to disasters, it is recommended that physicians participate in a unified command structure. a. True b. False 3. Which of the following does not represent a vulnerable or special needs group who may need special attention in a disaster setting? a. Elderly b. Group home residents c. Children d. College students 4. Common problems that might be expected in a disaster setting include: a. Uncontrolled diabetes or hypertension b. Acute gastroenteritis gastroenteritis: see enteritis. gastroenteritis Acute infectious syndrome of the stomach lining and intestines. Symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. c. Acute and decompensated psychiatric problems d. All of the above 5. Physician and nursing credentials during a disaster response should be checked on-line or by another method. a. True b. False 6. Which healthcare need was the most common in the group studied by Zun and Downey? a. Cholesterol b. Stool for occult blood occult blood n. Blood that is present in amounts too small to be seen and can be detected only by chemical analysis or microscopic examination. Occult blood Presence of blood that cannot be seen with the naked eye. c. Prostate screening d. Tetanus immunizations e. Mammography mammography, diagnostic procedure that uses low-dose X rays to detect abnormalities in the breasts. The early diagnosis of breast cancer made possible by the routine use of mammography for screening women increases a woman's treatment alternatives and improves her 7. Which healthcare need had the least number of follow-up appointments in the article by Zun and Downey? a. Prostate screening b. Drug abuse c. Sexually transmitted disease sexually transmitted disease (STD) or venereal disease, term for infections acquired mainly through sexual contact. Five diseases were traditionally known as venereal diseases: gonorrhea, syphilis, and the less common granuloma inguinale, d. Pap smears 8. What was the most common number of referrals for the patients in the study by Zun and Downey? a. 0 b. 1 to 3 c. 4 to 8 d. 8 9. Patients with a primary care physician (PCP PCP abbr. 1. phencyclidine 2. primary care physician Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) ) had more referrals than those without a PCP. a. True b. False 10. Patients' insurance status was correlated with the following: a. Age, gender and acceptance of referrals b. Age, race and number of referrals c. Race, number of referrals and education d. Number of referrals and acceptance of referrals 11. In the study by Hsu et al, which population subgroup showed the most significant increase in mortality from colorectal cancer colorectal cancer Malignant tumour of the large intestine (colon) or rectum. Risk factors include age (after age 50), family history of colorectal cancer, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, benign polyps, physical inactivity, and a diet high in fat. ? a. All male b. All female c. Non-Hispanic white d. Black e. Hispanic 12. Which geographic or Public Health Region(s) examined in the study by Hsu et al showed clusters of persistent excess colorectal cancer mortality throughout the study period? a. Lubbock and Northcentral Texas -- Public Health Region 1, 2 b. Dallas and Houston Metro Areas -- Public Health Region 3, 6 c. South Texas -- Public Health Region 11 d. El Paso and the Big Bend Region -- Public Health Region 10 e. West Texas -- Public Health Region 9 13. More than ___ percent of all newly diagnosed colorectal cancer occurred in persons aged 65 years and older. a. 30 b. 50 c. 70 d. 95 e. 100 14. Colorectal cancer incidence rates are ___ times higher among persons aged 65 years and older than for those 50 to 64 years of age. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 6 e. 10 15. According to the study by Hsu et al, what are the dimensions that health disparities could be quantified by? a. Spatial (eg, geographic locations) b. Temporal (eg, years or a period of time) c. Population subgroups (eg, by gender, age, race/ethnicity, etc) d. All of the above 16. Concerning ethnic disparity in the use of health services health services Managed care The benefits covered under a health contract , a review of the literature shows that all of the following statements are correct except: a. Overall, minority populations tend to use health services less than whites b. Quality of health services are often poorer for minorities than for whites c. Black women have higher rates of prenatal care prenatal care, n the health care provided the mother and fetus before childbirth. than their white counterparts d. Whites are more likely to undergo certain procedures such as caesarean section caesarean section: see cesarean section. , bypass surgery Bypass surgery A surgical procedure that grafts blood vessels onto arteries to reroute the blood flow around blockages in the arteries (arteriosclerosis). , endoscopy endoscopy Examination of the body's interior through an instrument inserted into a natural opening or an incision, usually as an outpatient procedure. Endoscopes include the upper gastrointestinal endoscope (for the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum), the colonoscope (for the , and bronchoscopy Bronchoscopy Definition Bronchoscopy is a procedure in which a cylindrical fiberoptic scope is inserted into the airways. This scope contains a viewing device that allows the visual examination of the lower airways. as compared to blacks 17. According to the study by Kum-Nji et al, a. More blacks than whites are smokers b. More black mothers are regularly employed as compared to white mothers c. Over 50% of all white children in the study were privately insured as compared to less than 5% of black children d. There was a higher mean number of white household members as compared to the mean number of black household members 18. Concerning the use of health services, which of the following statements is correct? a. The proportion of black children seen in the offices by the three pediatricians for sick visits was thrice thrice adv. 1. Three times. 2. In a threefold quantity or degree. 3. Archaic Extremely; greatly. higher than that of whites b. ER visits were more likely to occur among white children than among black children c. Hospital admissions were higher among blacks than whites d. The proportion of common surgical procedures such as PET placements and adenotonsillectomies were higher among white children than black children 19. According to the findings of the study by Kum-Nji et al, the single most important variable that accounted for the black-white differential use of health services was: a. Social status b. Maternal employment status c. Maternal smoking d. Insurance type 20. According to Kum-Nji et al, this is only one of several studies that have been published to investigate the use of health services in this rural Mississippi community. a. True b. False Answers to CME CME See: Chicago Mercantile Exchange CME See Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). Questions 1. E, 2. A, 3. D, 4. D, 5. A, 6. C, 7. B, 8. B, 9. A, 10. A, 11. B, 12. B, 13. C, 14. D, 15. D, 16. C, 17. C, 18. D, 19. D, 20. B |
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