Building codes.The nation's model building codes and standards have a significant effect on the cost of housing and, ultimately, on the supply of homes within reach of working families. NAA/NMHC work closely with model code and standard setting organizations to produce packages that allow apartment developers to build affordable housing without reducing the basic requirements for life safety. In 2003, the three major building code organizations joined under the auspices aus·pi·ces 1 n. Plural of auspex. auspices Noun, pl under the auspices of with the support and approval of [Latin auspicium augury from birds] Noun of the International Code Council (ICC ICC See: International Chamber of Commerce ) to create a single set of international model codes. Prior to that, each local jurisdiction could choose to adopt one of the three existing model codes, which meant there was no single standard for construction across the country. With the publication of the first set of ICC codes in 2000, there was finally a single set of codes for the entire country designed to work together. NAA/NMHC strongly support local adoption of the ICC codes over competing codes. NAA/NMHC have been involved in the code development process for more than 12 years, and through our actions, we have saved more than $4,200 per new apartment unit by eliminating unnecessary and redundant Repetitive. See redundancy. provisions. ICC Model Codes NAA/NMHC Position: NAA/NMHC support the adoption of the model codes developed and published by ICC over any other set of model codes. Background: Created by the merger of the three model code organizations, ICC has more than 190 years of collective experience in code writing. The ICC model codes, developed with input from code officials and industry, have proved to be a complete, comprehensive and coordinated set of codes that allow the apartment industry to build cost-effective cost-effective, n the minimal expenditure of dollars, time, and other elements necessary to achieve the health care result deemed necessary and appropriate. , safe, affordable and accessible housing. In addition to being the only set of model codes developed and published by a single organization, the 2000 ICC International Building Code (IBC IBC International Building Code IBC Iraq Body Count IBC Institutional Biosafety Committee IBC Inflammatory Breast Cancer IBC International Business Company IBC Independence Blue Cross IBC Insurance Bureau of Canada IBC International Broadcasting Convention ) with the 2001 amendments is the only code with the "Safe Harbor Safe Harbor 1. A legal provision to reduce or eliminate liability as long as good faith is demonstrated. 2. A form of shark repellent implemented by a target company acquiring a business that is so poorly regulated that the target itself is less attractive. " designation DESIGNATION, wills. The expression used by a testator, instead of the name of the person or the thing he is desirous to name; for example, a legacy to. the eldest son of such a person, would be a designation of the legatee. Vide 1 Rop. Leg. ch. 2. 2. for compliance with HUD Hud (h  d), a pre-Qur'anic prophet of Islam. Hud unsuccessfully exhorted his South Arabian people, the Ad, to worship the One God. Fair Housing Act
Accessibility Guidelines guidelines,n.pl a set of standards, criteria, or specifications to be used or followed in the performance of certain tasks. (FHAAG). As a contrast, NAA/NMHC analysis shows that the competing NFPA NFPA National Fire Protection Association NFPA National Food Processors Association NFPA National Fluid Power Association NFPA National Federation of Paralegal Associations (Edmonds, WA) 5000-2003, which was drafted and published in 18 months without sufficient time to resolve many issues of concern, is incomplete, unenforceable Adj. 1. unenforceable - not enforceable; not capable of being brought about by compulsion; "an unenforceable law"; "unenforceable reforms" enforceable - capable of being enforced and technically unsound unsound said of an animal, usually a horse, which has been examined for soundness and found to be unsatisfactory. . Although the NFPA 5000-2006 is somewhat better, it too is incomplete, unenforceable and technically unsound. It includes permissive permissive adj. 1) referring to any act which is allowed by court order, legal procedure, or agreement. 2) tolerant or allowing of others' behavior, suggesting contrary to others' standards. PERMISSIVE. language that does not specifically state basic code requirements, and it includes conflicts that do not clearly differentiate differentiate /dif·fer·en·ti·ate/ (dif?er-en´she-at) 1. to distinguish, on the basis of differences. 2. to develop specialized form, character, or function differing from that surrounding it or from the original. between prescriptive pre·scrip·tive adj. 1. Sanctioned or authorized by long-standing custom or usage. 2. Making or giving injunctions, directions, laws, or rules. 3. Law Acquired by or based on uninterrupted possession. design requirements, performance design requirements and the intent of the code to base requirements on the specific occupancy Gaining or having physical possession of real property subject to, or in the absence of, legal right or title. In a fire insurance policy, for example, the term occupancy . Action Requested: NAA/NMHC strongly urge local jurisdictions to adopt the full package of ICC construction codes and to reject re·ject v. 1. To refuse to accept, submit to, believe, or use something. 2. To discard as defective or useless; throw away. 3. To spit out or vomit. 4. the NFPA 5000 as a possible competitor. Although amendments made during the local adoption process may be necessary to respond to specific local conditions, NAA/NMHC discourage all unnecessary local amendments. NAA/NMHC further urge localities not to "mix and match" codes, such as adopting the IBC but then adopting the NFPA Uniform Fire Code (NFPA 1) in lieu of Instead of; in place of; in substitution of. It does not mean in addition to. the ICC's international Fire Code. Not only do some of the code provisions contradict con·tra·dict v. con·tra·dict·ed, con·tra·dict·ing, con·tra·dicts v.tr. 1. To assert or express the opposite of (a statement). 2. To deny the statement of. See Synonyms at deny. each other, but the dual adoption unnecessarily raises construction costs. NAA/NMHC also urge local jurisdictions not to adopt the NFPA Life Safety Code (NFPA 101) for anything other than medical occupancies because the code has requirements for existing apartments that are not aligned with IBC requirements. Non-Metallic Sheathed sheath n. pl. sheaths 1. a. A case for a blade, as of a sword. b. Any of various similar coverings. 2. Cable NAA/NMHC Position: NAA/NMHC strongly support the cost-effective, safe electrical wiring Electrical wiring in general refers to insulated conductors used to carry electricity, and associated devices. This article describes general aspects of electrical wiring as used to provide power in buildings and structures, commonly referred to as building wiring. provisions in the 2003 ICC codes and the 2002 and 2005 National Electrical Code The National Electrical Code (NEC), or NFPA 70, is a U.S. standard for the safe installation of electrical wiring and equipment. It is part of the National Fire Codes series published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). . We oppose any modifications to those provisions that raise costs without supporting technical justification justification In Christian theology, the passage of an individual from sin to a state of grace. Some theologians use the term to refer to the act of God in extending grace to the sinner, while others use it to define the change in the condition of a sinner who has received . Background: For more than nine years, NAA/NMHC have advocated widespread use of non-metallic sheathed cable (NM cable, also referred to as Romex Romex can refer to
During the 2001 code development cycle, the ICC removed all height limitations on the use of NM cable from IBC. In addition, the 2002 National Electric Code, published by the NFPA, revised its restriction to allow the NM cable in any building permitted to be of Types III, IV and V construction, apartments up to five stories in height. The 2005 NEC (NEC Corporation, Tokyo, www.nec.com, www.necus.com) An electronics conglomerate known in the U.S. for its monitors. In Japan, it had the lion's share of the PC market until the late 1990s (see PC 98). NEC was founded in Tokyo in 1899 as Nippon Electric Company, Ltd. retains these changes. Expanded use of NM cable saves apartment developers $50 million in annual construction costs, without compromising life safety. These savings allow apartment developers to construct new apartments and replace old housing in areas where they previously would not have been able to compete economically ec·o·nom·i·cal adj. 1. Prudent and thrifty in management; not wasteful or extravagant. See Synonyms at sparing. 2. Intended to save money, as by efficient operation or elimination of unnecessary features; economic: . Action Requested: Local jurisdictions are urged to adopt the 2003 ICC codes and the 2002 and 2005 NEC without any local amendments restricting re·strict tr.v. re·strict·ed, re·strict·ing, re·stricts To keep or confine within limits. See Synonyms at limit. [Latin restringere, restrict- : re-, the use of NM wiring. Accessibility NAA/NMHC Position: NAA/NMHC support accessible building code provisions that are compatible with the provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act Americans with Disabilities Act, U.S. civil-rights law, enacted 1990, that forbids discrimination of various sorts against persons with physical or mental handicaps. and the Fair Housing Act. NAA/NMHC support the "Safe Harbor" designation by HUD for the 2000 IBC with the 2001 amendments and encourages HUD to extend the designation to the 2003 and soon to be published 2006 IBC. NAA/NMHC also support the U.S. Architectural & Transportation Barriers Compliance (Access) Board efforts to align align (  līn),v to move the teeth into their proper positions to conform to the line of occlusion. the federal accessibility provisions with those contained in the model codes. We further encourage the Access Board to accept the American National Standard (standard) American National Standard - (ANS) A common prefix for ANSI documents or standards, e.g.: "ANS Forth", or "American National Standard X3.215-1994". , ANSI (American National Standards Institute, New York, www.ansi.org) A membership organization founded in 1918 that coordinates the development of U.S. voluntary national standards in both the private and public sectors. It is the U.S. member body to ISO and IEC. A117.1, 2003 Accessible and Usable USable is a special idea contest to transfer US American ideas into practice in Germany. USable is initiated by the German Körber-Stiftung (foundation Körber). It is doted with 150,000 Euro and awarded every two years. Buildings and Facilities standard as the basis for accessibility technical requirements. Background: HUD's acceptance of the ICC/ANSI A117.1-98 accessibility standard and the 2000 IBC with the 2001 amendments and the 2000 Code Requirements for Housing Accessibility (CRHA CRHA Calgary Regional Health Authority (now Calgary Health Region) CRHA Canadian Railroad Historical Association CRHA Conseiller en Ressources Humaines Agréé (French: Certified Human Resources Professionnal) ) as a safe harbor under HUD's FHAAG is a major step forward in the development of a single set of national accessibility standards accessibility standards (akses´abil´itē), n.pl the requirements designed by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), by which public places must provide disabled individuals with barrier-free access to . This, however, is only the first step because it is also necessary to secure the DOJ's involvement and determination on the building code provisions designed to be in compliance with the Americans with Disability Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG ADAAG Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines ). NAA/NMHC's direct participation in the development of code provisions meeting the FHAAG provisions and our successful advocacy The act of Pleading or arguing a case or a position; forceful persuasion. of mandatory Peremptory; obligatory; required; that which must be subscribed to or obeyed. Mandatory statutes are those that require, as opposed to permit, a particular course of action. language in the HUD appropriations bill were pivotal in spurring HUD's review of the model codes. NAA/NMHC will continue to work with all parties interested in obtaining DOJ's approval. Action Requested: NAA/NMHC members support the adoption of the accessibility provisions in the 2003 ICC codes and the 2003 IBC.
Characteristics of Rental Apartments, 2003
(In Thousands)
Built
All Apt Built prior to
Units 1990-2003 1990
Total 16,549 2,390 14,159
Number of Bedrooms
Zero 737 41 696
One 7,589 918 6,671
Two 6,897 1,082 5,814
Three or More 1,326 348 978
Number of Baths
Zero 251 11 240
One 13,552 1,434 12,119
Two or More 2,745 944 1,801
Amenities
At Least One Working Elevator 3,431 393 3,038
With Central Air Conditioning 8,369 1,832 6,537
With Dishwasher 8,057 1,938 6,119
With Washing Machine 4,299 1,413 2,885
With Dryer 3,873 1,411 2,462
Apartment Units in Structure
5 to 9 5,166 610 4,555
10 or More 11,383 1,779 9,604
Structure Height
One Story 931 135 797
Two Stories 6,878 905 5,973
Three stories 4,516 941 3,575
Four or More Stories 4,223 409 3,814
Source: NMHC tabulations of the U.S. Census Bureau's 2003
American Housing Survey
Notes: Data for apartment units includes only those units
in structures with five or more units. Estimates are for
units either renter occupied, rented but not yet occupied,
or vacant and available for rent. Estimates are based on
sample data and are subject to sampling and non-sampling
error. Due to rounding and missing data for some variables,
figures do not always total.
State Distribution of Apartment Renter in 2003
(Buildings with two or more apartments)
Change
in
Residents Share Number of Occupied
of State Occupied Since
Population Apartments 1990
Alabama 478 11% 247 11
Alaska 117 19% 51 -1
Arizona 872 16% 398 11
Arkansas 262 10% 138 3
California 8,238 24% 3,253 18
Colorado 635 14% 341 -10
Connecticut 749 22% 351 4
Delaware 97 12% 49 0
District of Columbia 231 44% 122 -3
Florida 2,731 16% 1,271 42
Georgia 1,196 14% 549 -23
Hawaii 282 23% 116 17
Idaho 136 10% 65 4
Illinois 2,425 20% 1,083 -77
Indiana 706 12% 377 -23
Iowa 303 11% 175 -13
Kansas 347 13% 190 25
Kentucky 442 11% 235 -17
Louisiana 597 14% 277 0
Maine 188 15% 102 4
Maryland 857 16% 420 0
Massachusetts 1,509 24% 728 -79
Michigan 1,139 12% 632 -4
Minnesota 604 12% 344 -32
Mississippi 311 11% 145 17
Missouri 666 12% 378 0
Montana 87 10% 48 -2
Nebraska 205 12% 117 -6
Nevada 488 22% 226 16
New Hampshire 203 16% 102 -8
New Jersey 1,932 23% 847 -11
New Mexico 196 11% 102 8
New York 6,745 36% 2,891 10
North Carolina 918 11% 469 14
North Dakota 101 17% 59 0
Ohio 1,575 14% 851 -65
Oklahoma 363 11% 195 7
Oregon 636 18% 311 24
Pennsylvania 1,415 12% 829 -37
Rhode Island 280 27% 131 -5
South Carolina 464 12% 230 35
South Dakota 96 13% 55 4
Tennessee 758 13% 402 26
Texas 3,822 18% 1,723 55
Utah 322 14% 135 3
Vermont 96 16% 50 2
Virginia 1,026 14% 514 6
Washington 1,061 18% 561 47
West Virginia 143 8% 87 8
Wisconsin 904 17% 482 -5
Wyoming 51 11% 26 0
Totals 50,002 16% 23,484 -1
Source: Census 2000 sample data and 2003 American Community Survey.
American Community Survey figures are estimates.
For information about these data sources, please visit www.census.gov.
New Apartment Construction, 2004
(Data as of December 2004. Apartment units includes only those units
in structures with two or more units.)
State Number of Total Value
apartments thousands
Alabama 4,620 $388,664
Alaska 1,258 $159,778
Arizona 7,352 $524,465
Arkansas 5,050 $235,639
California 49,543 $4,767,404
Colorado 6,511 $581,408
Connecticut 2,243 $176,823
Delaware 347 $14,452
District of Columbia 1,607 $193,562
Florida 60,485 $6,076,079
Georgia 18,602 $1,260,659
Hawaii 3,136 $524,560
Idaho 2,206 $138,130
Illinois 12,996 $1,103,534
Indiana 5,840 $381,084
Iowa 3,276 $249,357
Kansas 1,329 $94,041
Kentucky 4,123 $216,811
Louisiana 2,305 $141,692
Maine 671 $54,080
Maryland 5,990 $483,665
Massachusetts 6,039 $571,747
Michigan 7,857 $593,128
Minnesota 8,475 $844,187
Mississippi 2,619 $120,953
Missouri 5,273 $399,382
Montana 1,632 $120,325
Nebraska 1,357 $89,733
Nevada 5,375 $385,779
New Hampshire 1,938 $155,008
New Jersey 11,839 $882,932
New Mexico 884 $45,614
New York 28,392 $2,296,899
North Carolina 14,262 $877,353
North Dakota 1,402 $81,927
Ohio 8,207 $551,211
Oklahoma 2,516 $132,499
Oregon 6,101 $460,621
Pennsylvania 8,377 $585,452
Rhode Island 513 $32,107
South Carolina 5,690 $434,400
South Dakota 1,094 $72,480
Tennessee 6,406 $399,193
Texas 34,516 $1,856,052
Utah 3,674 $3,305,829
Vermont 789 $64,979
Virginia 12,445 $714,932
Washington 10,167 $887,822
West Virginia 410 $20,228
Wisconsin 8,945 $681,908
Wyoming 599 $50,669
Totals 407,283 $32,481,236
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census; figures refer
to building permits issued in 2003 for construction
of apartments for rent or owner occupancy.
Percent Distribution of $582 Billion in
Multifamily Mortgage Credit Outstanding, 2004
(Third Quarter)
Commercial Banks 20%
Savings Institutions 15%
Life Insurance Companies 7
Fannie Mae 4%
Freddie Mac 6%
Mortgage Securities 0%
Ginnie Mae 5%
Fannie Mae 13%
Freddie Mac 3%
CMBS 12%
Individual and others 15%
Total 100%
Source: Federal Reserve Board
Apartment Construction, 2004
Apartments Started 407,283
(2+ Units in Structure;
Includes Units for
Owner-Occupancy)
Value of apartment $32,481,236
issued building
permits (in thousands)
Source: www.census.gov/const/C40/Table2/t2yu200411.txt
Renter Occupied Housing
Type of Property No. of No. of
Households Residents
Single-family homes 10,580 29,548
Structures, 2 to 4 Units 7,074 17,014
Properties, 5 or more Units 16,021 32,941
Mobile Homes 1,242 3,205
Total 34,917 82,708
Source: NMHC Tabulations of 2004 Current Population
Survey, Annual Social and Economic Supplement,
U.S. Census Bureau.
Federally Assisted Rental Housing, 2004
No. of
Housing
Units
Including
Vacant
Public 2,258,618
Section 8 program n/a
Vouchers and Certificates 3,968,009
Moderate Rehabilitation 82,875
New Construction and
Substantial Rehabilitation n/a
Section 236 Program n/a
Source: http://pic.hud.gov/pic/
RCRPublic/rcrmain.asp
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