Barr, Christopher, 2001, Politik ekonomi serat kayu, keuangan, dan utan dalam industri pulp dan kertas Indonesia.Analisis CSIS Noun 1. CSIS - Canada's main foreign intelligence agency that gathers and analyzes information to provide security intelligence for the Canadian government Canadian Security Intelligence Service , 30(2): 202-219. This article examines the factors that have led Indonesian pulp producers to make large-scale investments in processing facilities without first securing a legal and sustainable raw material supply. It is argued that the country's pulp and paper conglomerates A Conglomerate is the term used to describe a large corporation that consists of diverse divisions. Conglomerate companies tend to be large multinational corporations with operations in multiple regions of the world. have been willing to invest billions of dollars in high-risk projects because their owners have been able to avoid much of the financial risk involved. Three factors that have allowed them to do so are: (1) heavy government subsidies, including access to wood from natural forest at costs well below its stumpage stump·age n. 1. Standing timber regarded as a commodity. 2. The value of standing timber. 3. The right to cut standing timber. stumpage 1. value; (2) weak regulation of Indonesia's financial sector: and (3) failure on the part of international financial institutions to assess the risks involved in pulp and paper investments adequately. The paper concludes with several policy options to promote sustainability, including the elimination of the wood supply subsidy to the pulp industry, the introduction of a credible independent monitoring program of plantation Plantation, city (1990 pop. 66,692), Broward co., SE Fla., a residential suburb of Fort Lauderdale; inc. 1953. The city has grown rapidly along with the development of S Florida. development and a moratorium A suspension of activity or an authorized period of delay or waiting. A moratorium is sometimes agreed upon by the interested parties, or it may be authorized or imposed by operation of law. on new pulp and paper processing capacity extensions until public audits of companies' pulp wood supply plans are carried out. (El, author's abstract) |
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